Middle English Dictionary Entry
lōd(e n.
Entry Info
| Forms | lōd(e n. Also loid, lad(e, laide & (Latinate & in names) lada. Pl. lōdes, etc. & lōd(e, lād & (early) lā̆dds, (Latinate) lādas. |
| Etymology | OE lād (pl. lāde) & ?hlæd. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
The normal load that a horse or man could carry or a cart contain, etc., used as a measure of weight or quantity; cartes ~ = cart ~ [see cart 7. (b)]; honde-barwe ~ [see honde 8. (a)]; hors(es ~, mannes ~; (b) a burden, load; a ship's cargo; ~ sadel, a pack saddle; ~ sadel tre, the wooden framework of a pack saddle; ~ ship, a cargo vessel; in ~, in the baggage; leien ~ on, to rain blows on (sb.); (c) carriage; a manorial service of carrying loads; ~ silver, money paid in lieu of such a service; chep ~, a service of carrying goods to market, or a money rent in lieu of this; wal ~; wode ~; wode ~ peni; (d) fig. a duty, obligation.
Associated quotations
a
- (1163-9) Chart.in Capes Hereford Cath.20 : Quatuor ladds de frumento.
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)187/80 : He let nime platus of Ire..wel neiȝ ane cartes lode.
- (1317) Tallies in Archaeol.74337 : xvj lad' nigre Mine..xvj lad'. iiij disci Nigre Mine.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2918 : Of stree first ther was leyd many a lode.
- (1429) J.Boys in Nrf.Archaeol.15147 : On ye fryday iij lod of ston, price xij d..ij lod of sond, paying j d.
- c1436 Ipswich Domesday(2) (Add 25011)197 : Of eche hors lode, ob.; a mannys lode [F charge de homme], qua.
- (a1440) Let.Coventry in EHR 55644 : A loode of lyme.
- (1440) Acc.Bk.Carpenter Co.5 : Payde for v lode lome, xx d.
- (1447-8) Acc.R.Dur.in Sur.Soc.99275 : Pro vj laad calcis, 2 s.
- (1447-8) in Willis & C.Cambridge 1400 : Cariage of ccc cartlodes of Tymbre at iij s. the lode.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)12541 : I pray þe me to gyfe Two horssus lade [vr. hors lood] of erth of þis land, in priuay place yt forto lay.
- (1465-6) Acc.Howard in RC 57323 : Item, for j lode of sande, vj d.
- (1473-4) Acc.St.Edm.Sarum15 : It., of j lode of sclattes of new y bought, vij s.
- a1525(?1474) Cov.Leet Bk.399 : j lode of heye be solde for xiij s.
b
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)138/19 : Ȝef a miracle nere..ha hefde i-turplet wið him baðe hors & lade [Nero: lode] dun in to helle grunde.
- c1300 Body & S.(5) (LdMisc 108)p.63 : It was forth, þat foule lod, To hellewel.
- (1343) Close R.Edw.III132 : La Seintemarilodship.
- (1343) Close R.Edw.III133 : Seintemarielodship [of] Grymesby.
- (1357) Statutes Realm1.355 : Les niefs appellez Doggeres & Lodshippes.
- (1360) Doc.Finchale in Sur.Soc.6p.lii : iij ladesadelles.
- (1364) Pat.R.Edw.III542 : La Seynt Maryloodship [to La Baie..for salt and other merchandise].
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)3292 : Þe stede liked wel þe lode, his lord whan he felte.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)3143 : Wanne þay it wiste..what þay in lode hadde..þe vytailles with hymen þai ladde.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.4962 : He..hadde no liflode Bot whanne he myhte such a lode To toune with his Asse carie.
- (1397-8) Acc.R.Dur.in Sur.Soc.99136 : In 2 ladsadell et uno panel empt., 9 s. 4 d.
- (1416-7) Invent.Jarrow in Sur.Soc.2991 : iiij ladesadills antiquæ.
- (1417) RNorm.1.325 : Wills. Richeman m[agister] lodeship vocatus Nicholas de Crowemere.
- (1418-9) Acc.R.Dur.in Sur.Soc.103615 : In cartsadiltrees et ladesadiltrees empt., 2 s. 8 d.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)3421 : Of many smale cornes es made Til a hors bak a mykel lade.
- (1435) in Salzman Building in Engl.351 : [2] garthwebbes [for a] lodesadell [for the carriage of stones].
- (1445) LRed Bk.Bristol2.188 : What Maryner that payeth nat to the Maistere of the Ship..iiij d. of euery ton lode that he reseyvith..schall paye..iij s. and iiij d.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)450/22 : Þai fall oft sythis vnder þer lade, & we lifte þaim euer vp be þe tayllis.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)70b : A lade saddyll: gestatorium.
- 1483 Cath.Angl.(Monson 168)206 : A Layde, vbi a burdyn.
- a1500(?a1400) Torrent (Chet 8009)1663 : With hym faught a yong knyght; Ech on other laid good lode.
- a1500 We fynde wryttyn (Trin-C O.2.40)23 : Of many smale cornes ys mayd To a hors a gret loyd.
c
- c1381(1183) Boldon Bk.(PRO SC 12/21/28)21 : Præterea villani faciunt ladas de blado de dominio.
- (1397) Inquis.Miscel.(PRO)6.183 : [A customary 3 s. 9 d. for] wodelode [at St.Peter's Chains].
- (1397) Inquis.Miscel.(PRO)6.193 : [72 s. payable..for carrying-service (averag')], cheplode, wallode, [and fencing].
- (?1413-c1425) Cust.Rent in OSSLH 251 : Et de vii s. 1 d. de lyng penye, wodepeny, et wodelodepeny.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)310 : Loode, or caryage: Vectura.
- (1425-6) Acc.R.Dur.in Sur.Soc.103620 : 6 s. 8 d. rec. pro ladesilver ejusdem ville per annum.
- (1435) Cust.Rent in OSSLH 263 : Et pro lodesilver, qr.
d
- a1400 Cursor (Frf 14)19396 : Þer vij were sette be-for þe apostles sere..of ham þer-of þai toke þe lade, þe birþin vnder ham to bere.
- a1400 Cursor (Frf 14)20942 : Fra he [Paul] had tane þe apostel lade, was nane squa mikil trauail made.
2.
(a) A journey, voyage; also fig. path through life; ~ bred, ?provision for a journey; taken ~, to set out on one's way; (b) direction, guidance, control; haven on (in) ~, to govern (sb.), lead; have (sb.) in tow [quot.: Gawain]; ~ knight, a guide; ~ rop, a tow rope; (c) conduct, behavior.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)3455 : Þeȝȝ..setten hemm bitwenenn Þatt illc an shollde þrinne lac Habbenn wiþþ him o lade.
- (1310-11) Acc.Wellingborough in North.RS 8109 : Item furneat' pro lodebred et tolcestr'.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)351 : Out of hauen þai rade..Of lod þai were wel glade.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)419 : He tok his lod vnliȝt..He clombe þo holtes hare.
- c1400(?c1380) Patience (Nero A.10)156 : For be monnes lode neuer so luþer, þe lyf is ay swete.
b
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)2140 : He wile follȝhenn aȝȝ Þatt illke steorrness lade.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)6589 : He þatt turrneþþ himm fra Crist..Forrleoseþþ sawless soþe lihht, Þatt iss Goddspelless lade.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)9366 : Ne munndenn þeȝȝ nohht habbenn mihht..to forrwerrpenn..all þatt laȝhess lade.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)25729 : Bi-foren rad heore lod-cniht þat hit was dæiliht.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)3085 : O lagh our lauerd him gaue þe lade.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)8441 : Quen he cuth þe lagh o landes lade..þai king him made.
- c1400(?c1380) Patience (Nero A.10)504 : Fyrst I made hem my self..& syþen I loked hem ful longe & hem on lode hade.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)969 : A mensk lady..More lykker-wys on to lyk Watz þat scho hade on lode.
- (1412) Chart.in Capes Hereford Cath.269 : Pro j magno cabullo et bresterope el [read: et] j loderope emptis apud Brystow.
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)52b/b : Promulcus: þe lod rep of a shyppe.
- c1475(c1420) Page SRouen (Eg 1995)p.14 : Every on of thes captaynys hadde v ml. men and moo in lade [vr. for to lede].
c
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)1284 : Þaȝ I were burde bryȝtest..Þe lasse luf in his lode.
3.
Law An oath of purgation.
Associated quotations
- c1120(OE) Leges Hen.I in Liebermann Gesetze 1585 : Et sit omnis homo credibilis..simplici lada dignus. Incredibili eligatur simplex lada in tribus hundretis.
4.
(a) In surnames; (b) in place names [see Smith PNElem. 2.8-9].
Associated quotations
a
- (1186) in Pipe R.Soc.36100 : Henricus Lodcharl.
- (1194) in Pipe R.Soc.n.s.5189 : Wulfwardus de la Lada.
- (1249) Close R.Hen.III229 : Magistrum Johannem de la Lade.
- (1276) Pleas Som.in Som.RS 4170 : Roger Attelade.
- (1280) in Löfvenberg ME Local Surnames124 : Will. atte Lode.
- (1327) Sub.R.Som.in Som.RS 3243 : Johannes atte Lode.
b
- (1154-89) EPNSoc.19 (Cmb.)131 : Lada.
- (1164-79) EPNSoc.16 (Wil.)42 : Criechelada.
- (1190) EPNSoc.4 (Wor.)224 : Clyuelade.
- (c1200) EPNSoc.16 (Wil.)42 : Crecalad.
- (1202) in Ekwall Dict.EPN487 : Quappelad.
- (1286) EPNSoc.3 (Bedf.& Hnt.)223 : Aqua de Grauelode.
- (1300) Survey Wychwood in Archaeol.37436 : Sic inde usque Dockeslade Heved.
- a1400(1146-53) Cart.Ramsey in RS 79.1162 : Usque in Hygeney lade, et per Hygeney lade usque ad Wilewevestoca super Hygeney lada.
- (1425) EPNSoc.2 (Bck.)80 : Linchlade.
- (1429) EPNSoc.19 (Cmb.)131 : Le Lodestrete.
- a1500(?c1345) Cart.Boarstall in OHS 88222 : [Furlongs named] Waterslade..Typpselade.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- (?a1350) Cart.Whitby in Sur.Soc.72370 : Cotarius…dabit iiii gallinas et xl ova et lades et rades, sicut bondi faciunt.
Note: Antedates sense 1.(c)
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)11936 : Iesus…laikes seuen made of clay, And till ilkane of foure he made, þat suld be þaim to water laþe, þat water might renne…vte of þe flum alle at will.
Note: New spelling
Note: New comb.