Middle English Dictionary Entry

as(s)aut n.
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Entry Info

Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)

Note: Cp. saut.
1.
(a) An armed attack or encounter; a military expedition or raid; also, a siege; yeven (maken) ~; (b) a weapon of offence; (c) an (unlawful) attack against a person or property; assault, infringement; burglary [quot. 1475].
2.
(a) An attack (by evil), temptation; (b) an affliction (as by misfortune or troubles); (c) an attack upon (a person's) views or doctrines.

Supplemental Materials (draft)

  • a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)13310 : Thow knowest nat thassautys alle Off my werk, nor the manere..Wherso-euere that I [Venus] assaylle, Off my pray I wyl nat ffaylle.
  • Note: New spelling because of the th-? If not, assaut is not needed. (If so, the form thassat in the (?a1439) quot. in sense 1.(a) with initial th- should be noted as well, and the form assat removed from form section.)--per MLL
    Note: Note that anyway, the form section needs redoing: the list of variant spellings there is not complete. (As one example: asauȝt.)--per MLL
    Note: Postdates sense 2.(a).--per SMK
  • (1460) *Acc.R.Shirborn : Assault: cum un' cobyltre.
  • Note: New spelling (Although assault appears in the form section, it is not in any of the quots.)
    Note: Probably belongs to sense 1.(c).--notes per MLL

Supplemental Materials (draft)

  • a1484 Bodies Adam Eve (Trin-C R.14.52)357/447 : Sapient men..bien assautis [L insidiati sunt] of vnresonable beestis as that thei knowe the strengthes of herbis, stones, and metals and other thynges with the whiche the rectifien their bodies.
  • Note: Ed.: "assautis n. pl. 'assaults, ambushes'."
    Note: Editor's note: "thei bien assautis: insidiati sunt 'they lie in wait.' Wise men "lie in wait" for animals, to discover their healing secrets by observation or "experimental science." The translator of the ME Letter of Alexander to Aristotle, whose work was copied by the Hammond scribe in Worcester Cathedral Library F.172, also renders the "insidi-" root with the word assautis, in describing a trap or ambush into which Alexander's army is led..The MED records no uses of assaut with the sense of lying in wait for or ambushing one's tartet; the senses of the word are limited to overt attacks as with ModE assault."
    Note: New sense.