Middle English Dictionary Entry
launchen v.
Entry Info
Forms | launchen v. Also launch(e, lanch, launshen, lonchen. |
Etymology | OF lanchier, var. of lancier. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) To pierce (sb.), wound (with a spear); strike (sb. or sth.), slash (with a sword); cut off (sth.); thrust, penetrate; ~ thurgh (out, run (sb. or sth.) through; ~ hond to (unto), thrust the hand to or towards (sth.); (b) to throw (sb. or sth.), launch (a weapon, etc.); ~ led, heave or cast the lead; (c) ~ (out) bot, to lower or launch a boat; (d) med. to lance (an abscess or swelling); also fig.
Associated quotations
a
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Sum.(Manly-Rickert)D.2145 : Doun his hand he launcheth [vrr. launceþ, launseþ] to the clifte, In hope for to fynde there a yifte.
- a1425-a1500(?c1350) Libeaus (Kaluza)293 : Þoruȝ herte oþer þoruȝ haunche, Wiþ his sper he will launche All þat aȝens him rit.
- a1425-a1500(?c1350) Libeaus (Kaluza)368 : Togeder þey gonne spring And fauchouns out to fling..But William Salebraunche Libeaus Desconsus gan launche Þorȝ out his scheld in haste.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)3831 : Into þe hale bataile..he rynnys, And hurtes of þe hardieste..Letande alls a lyon, he lawnches them thorowe.
- a1450 Spaldyng Katereyn þe curteys (BodR 22)p.543 : Liȝthly with a swerd hire lyf schuld be leyd, to lawnch þat lym lusty, hir nek was ful milde.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)6811 : Toax..with a tore speire Caupit to Cassibilan..And þe lede on lokond, hym launchit to dethe.
- a1456 Hit is no right (Add 16165)p.38 : I wol þus my chaunce cheese Ageyns love, trey ageyns an as, Hasard a tout and launche an esy pas In lowe cuntrey..I wol conclude my lustes to releeve..Yit launche a steerne, and put at suche purchace To fonde to dompe als deepe as man may dyeve.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)17207 : Hyr syxthe hand she gan to launche Lowe doun vn-to hyr haunche.
- ?a1475 PParv.(Win)273 : Lawnchyn, or stynggyn with a spere or blode yryn: lanceo.
b
- c1330 7 Sages(1) (Auch)84/1770 : Anon ȝhe les colour and miȝt..And in a bed he dede here launche.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)750 : Schipe-men scharply schoten þaire portez, Launchez lede apon lufe, lacchen þer depez.
- c1450 Scrope Othea (Lngl 253)57 : Ganymedes..was slayne wyth þe reboundyng of þe barre Phebus hade lawnchyd so hye.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)300 : I saugh hem launche at hym knyves and gavelokkes and dartes soche foison as it hadde reyned from heuene.
c
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)3921 : He..Gers lawnche his botes appon a lawe watire.
- (1449) Paston2.104 : We..made us redy for to over sayle them; and then they lonchyd a bote, and sette up a stondert of truesse, and com and spake with me.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)2845 : Geffrey..cried wondir fast by the watir syde..Beryn..bad his men a-byde, And to launch out a bote, & brynge Geffrey in.
d
- c1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Tbr A.7)18357 : Pouerte..Is bothe medcyne and leche To launche the bocche off Properte, And voyde alle superfluyte, And the bollynge in eche syde.
2.
(a) To leap, spring, bound; rush, charge, hasten; of a horse: jump, rear, gallop; ~ in (into), plunge into (water); of mussels: plunge into (the stomach); (b) of flame, light, lightning: to leap, shoot, dart; (c) of a flower, branch, or plant: spring, shoot; also fig.
Associated quotations
a
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)3741 : He gan in to þe water launche; Vp he com at þe oþere syde -- Tofore Alisaunder he gan ryde.
- c1425(c1400) Ld.Troy (LdMisc 595)6206 : He smot his stede thorow the haunche: He myght no more afftir launche.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)3.3734 : In Thagus floodis the depper that thei launche, The gretter drynesse doth in ther hertis breede.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)290 : Lawnchyn, or skyppyn ouer a dyke, or oþer thyngys lyke: Perconto, persalto.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)2560 : Who lukes to þe lefte syde, when his horse launches..myghte see his lyuere.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)1229 : He left all his ledis & a launse caght, Launches euyn to Lamydon with a light wille. Þe king consayuit his come..Ricchis his reynys & th Reenke metys.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)6801 : Þe buerne was rescewet; He launchit furth lightly..Gird furth to þe grekes.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)7304 : There come launchand o þe lond a lyuely yong knight..He auntrid hym to Ector.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)11023 : Pirrus..was putto þe erthe..He launchit vp lyuely, lacchit a swerd.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)12096 : Þe losell to þe lady launchid full swithe.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)12307 : Þai demet þe duke, as by du right, All his londes to lose & launche out of towne.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)12527 : Hym-seluyn in the sea sonkyn belyue Swalprit & swam..Ȝet he launchet to londe, & his lyf hade.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)12841 : 'Castrimargia' ys ploungyn doun Off mussellys by submercioun; Wyth-oute chawyng, doun they launche, Devouryd hool, in-to the pawnche. And ther they be..depe ydreynt.
- 1607(?a1425) Chester Pl.(Hrl 2124)151/469 : Followe we it [the star] that hyeth so fast..lanch on! I will not be the last.
b
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)194 : Of ilke a leche þe lowe launschide full hye.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)4408 : God fourmet hym [Lucifer] so faire..Þat mony legions his light launchet aboue.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)4630 : Thunret in the thestur throly with all, With a launchant laite lightonyd the water.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)9510 : The shippes on a shene fyre shot þai belyue, That the low vp lightly launchit aboute.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)12006 : All the cite vnsakrely þai set vppon fyre, With gret launchaund lowes into the light ayre.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)12499 : All flasshet in a ffire the firmament ouer; Was no light but a laite þat launchit aboue.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)12517 : All the company..Were brent in the bre with the breme lowe Of the leymond laite þat launchit fro heuyn.
c
- (?a1390) Daniel *Herbal (Add 27329)f.71ra : It lyth in þe erde long, & at last it cometh vp most lyk folefoot. & it is long er he lawnche [Arun 42 (f.72v): it stant longe er it launche].
- (1402) Topias (Dgb 41)p.90 : Thei ben bastard braunches that launchen from oure bileve and writhyn wrongli away..siche beren yvel fruyte.
- (1440) *Capgr.St.Norb.(Hnt HM 55)2352 : Þere planted he swech braunches That þorw þe world ȝet his plantyng launches.
- ?c1450 Iff a man (Stockh 10.90)315/322 : Verwayne..With heye stalkys, many smale brawnchys, Smale bloysh flouris owt of hym lawnchis.