Middle English Dictionary Entry
lāt(e adj.
Entry Info
Forms | lāt(e adj. Also lait(e, latte, let(e, leate. |
Etymology | OE læt, infl. late; Merc. *let, *læte. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. later(e, last(e.
1.
(a) Slow, sluggish; reluctant; ~ man in treuth, a man reluctant to believe; (b) ?negligent, remiss; (c) deliberate in moving; slow to anger.
Associated quotations
a
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)183 : To gode þu ware slau and let, and to euele spac and hwat.
- c1390(?c1350) Jos.Arim.(Vrn)695 : Ioseph him folwede, Called him Mordreyns, a lat mon in trouþe.
- a1400 Cursor (Vsp A.3)990/374* : A! foyls..ful latt are ȝe to traw.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)4021 : Art thou now late? Ris up in hy, And stop sone and delyverly All the gappis of the haye.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)23/31 : Þat sho be meke and sobur and noht of mekil mete..ne wrangdoande, ne latte, ne wastande.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)71a : Late:..tardus.
b
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)1172 : Bot of leaute he watz lat to his Lorde hende.
c
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)223/34 : The tokenys of the coragious bene a grete forhede..Fayre of visage and wel disposid, laat of mevynge.
- a1500 For the begynnyng (Hrl 3810)262/32 : Be swyfte to here and slow to speke, late to wraþ.
2.
(a) Being or occurring in the latter part of a period of time; late in life, the season, the day, etc.; ~ flaumes, rays of the setting sun; ~ fruit, fruit which ripens late; ~ night, the latter part of the night; also, late evening; ~ sed, seed planted late in the season; quasi-adv. in: hit was ~, hit wex ~, nou is ~, etc.; be hit erli and be hit ~, early and late, at all times; (b) being or occurring after the proper time, tardy; to ~, too tardy to be of any avail, too late; ~ at hom, ?late coming home, a name of the hare; quasi-adv. in: hit was to ~, ~ was, to ~ is, etc.; in prov.: bettre ~ than never, (sth. is) better late than never.
Associated quotations
a
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)7824 : He..bihet ȝif he moste libbe þat he nolde misdo nammore Er he ssolde þat abbe ydo, vor it was þo late ynou.
- c1330(c1250) Floris (Auch)13 : Be hit erli and be hit late, To þi wille þou schalt haue whate.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.345 : This Envious, thogh it be late Whan that he syh he mot algate Make his axinge ferst, he thoghte, [etc.].
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)249a/a : For late seed schal be þynne lest it dye for þikkenesse.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)538 : Þe sunne watz doun, and hit wex late.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)1249 : Alle his folk hadde her chambres take..be-cause it was so late.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)1433 : Ofte chaunges þe tymes here..now es arly, now es late.
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)60a/a : Serotinus: late.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)4.m.5.7 : The sterre Boetes passeth..and drencheth his late flaumbes in the see.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)4.m.6.18 : And Hesperus the sterre bodith and telleth alwey the late nyghtes, and Lucyfer the sterre bryngeth ayein the clere day.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)288 : Late frute: Sirotinus.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)5051 : Þar logis he fra þe late niȝt till efte þe liȝt schewis.
- c1450 How GMan(2) (Lamb 853)69 : Sonne, sitte not up at even to longe..And of late walking comeþ debate.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)71a : Late: Serus, serotinus..vespertinus. To make late: Serotinare.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)137 : It drough towarde evenesonge..the thre kynges..seide it was tyme to cesse, for it was to late eny more to turney.
- a1500 How GMan(1) (Cmb Ff.2.38)77 : Of late wakyng fallyth often debate.
b
- c1225(?c1200) HMaid.(Bod 34)32/539 : Efter al þis kimeð of þet bearn, ibore þus, wanunge & wepunge..& hwet..his waxunge se let [Tit: lat] & se slaw his þriftre.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)173/11 : Nis neauer to leate [Nero: lete; Tit: late] penitence þet is soðliche imaket.
- ?a1300 Names Hare (Dgb 86)350/22 : Þe gras-bitere, þe goibert, Þe late-at-hom, þe swikebert.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)2568 : He priked him forþ out atte gate; For soþe, it was al most to late.
- c1350 Apoc.(1) in LuSE (Hrl 874)p.156 : Þat hij leyden poudre on her heuedes..bitokneþ late repentaunce.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Hos.6.3 : As the spryng of day his out goyng is maad redy, and he shal cum as rayne tymely to vs, and late [L serotinus] to erthe.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Rv.(Manly-Rickert)A.4196 : It hadde been to late for to crie.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.878 : He gan his Slowthe forto banne, Bot it was al to late thanne.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)1800 : Alas! lait was þat þai began.
- c1400 Vertues & (Bod 416)31 : Þerfore turne we bityme, For ȝif we abide fort 'hadde y wyst', þanne is al to late!
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.1188 : But bet it is by-tymes þan to late Þat ȝe be war.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.1895 : And harme y-done to late is to amende.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)5.743 : To late is now to speke of that matere.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)891 : Jason..hade nere his ioy lost Hade his licour ben to laite.
- c1500(?a1475) Ass.Gods (Trin-C R.3.19)1204 : Vyce to forsake ys bettyr late then neuer.
3.
Long, protracted, tedious; a long time; hit) was ~ and long, the time was tedious and long; thinken ~, to seem long or tedious (to sb.); also, think or consider tedious.
Associated quotations
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)183 : Hire þuncheð lang þat hie om [read: on] him bileueð..Hit þincher [read: þincheþ] hire let, for hire is loð þar-inne.
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)6.6 : Til was late [vrr. late was, hit was late] and longe þat þei a Leod metten.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.1538 : This Emperour thoghte al to late Til that [the] Pope were come.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)2780 : All thoght þam late þai þeder wan.
4.
(a) Being or occurring in the near, or not too distant, past; recent; in ~ daies, ~ time, ~ time passed, of ~ time, recently, lately; (b) recently dead, not many years dead; ~ king, the late king, etc.; (c) until lately holding office or having a relationship; ~ wif, wife (of sb.) until recently.
Associated quotations
a
- (1433) RParl.4.447a : Please hit to the Wysdome..of the worshipfull Communes..to consider a grete myschief in late dayes begonne.
- (1436) RParl.4.511a : To consider two grete meschiefs, nowe in late dayes bygonnen by untrywe lyvers..And also nowe late tyme ther been certeyn alienes callid Flemmynges, that have set up commune Hostryes, and commune Tavernes withyn the saide Burgh.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)288 : Late, tyme passyd: Nuper.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)5/9 : He asked theym if thei had oght etyn of late tyme.
- (c1453) Let.Oxf.in OHS 35320 : We late tyme passed wer informyed of a sediciose lettyr.
- c1425(a1400) Wycl.Conf.(Dub 245)332 : What meued þis late popes to make furst þis lawe..and god meued not crist ne hise vikers to sue it?
b
- (a1422) *Anc.Pet.(PRO)117.5842 : Richard, late kyng of Englond..be his lettres patentez, [etc.]..ye seide late kyng of ye seide assent grauntede to ye seide John, [etc.]..Elizabeth, ye Wyfe of ye seid late Erle.
- (1423) Doc.Brewer in Bk.Lond.E.175/1075 : Item, paied for iiij ȝerdes of blak cloth..ageyns þe terment of kynge henry þe vte, late kynge of englond.
- (a1443) *Pet.Chanc.PRO ser.CP 1 file 12no.195 : One John Baron late register to John, late bysshop of landaff, and ordinary of the seid prioury.
- (a1443) *Pet.Chanc.PRO ser.CP 1 file 12no.196 : Priour of the saide hous, presented therto by kynge herry, late kynge of Englonde.
- (1448) Doc.in Sundby Dial.Wor.(Eg Charter 608)255 : Annuete graunte to hym For terme of his lyfe by Kyng Henri the Fyfethe, lat kyng of englond.
- (1453) LRed Bk.Bristol2.199 : Thomas Halleway, laat burgeis..of Bristow.
- (1455) RParl.5.305a : Henr', late Archeibisshopp of Caunterbury.
- (1473) RParl.6.75b : Harry Duc of Buk', Cosyn and heire to Humfrey, late Duc of Buk'..Letters Patentes of the seid Harry, late Kyng, made unto the seid late Duc.
c
- (1423) Pet.Sutton in Fenland NQ 7307 : John ffordham, late bisshop of Ely, arrayned an assise of novel disseisin ayenst John Baldwar.
- (1434) Reg.Spofford in Cant.Yk.S.23183 : To make awarde..betwene Johanne Blounte, now late wyff of Richard Whittone..and Edmund Cornwayll esquire.
- (1446) Acc.Yatton in Som.RS 482 : Reseyved of Jon Moye and Welyam Reve, late cherchewardeynys, xlvj s. viij d.
- (1453) LRed Bk.Bristol2.199 : This is the composicion and ordenaunce of Johanne Hallewey, laat wif of Thomas Hallewey.
- (1455) Doc.in Sur.Soc.45333 : I, Elizabeth Scrop, late wife to my worshipful lord, John newly lord Scrop and of Masham, avow to be chaste fro this tyme forward.
- c1470 Abbrev.Chron.in Cmb.AC (1840)1.9 : The ryghtful enheritors Wyffe late of the Regne off Englande.
- (1475) Deed Yks.in YASRS 76141 : I wyll that the said Thomas Middilton have the revercion of a mes..that Agnes Rawson my moder, latte wyf to Robert Butteler..haldez in dowere.
5.
In surname.
Associated quotations
- (1223) Close R.Tower 1534 : Normannus Lateman.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- ?c1400(1379) Daniel *Treat.Uroscopy (Roy 17.D.1)f.6va (1.2) : Vryne is a late and a subtil meltyng & clensyng of blode & of humores..Y say 'late' for this skyl: for somtyme þe water passeþ oute of þe body sone after þat is [read: it] is dronken, and þat owen noȝt to be callede 'vryn' propurly, but it owe to be callede 'pisse.'
Note: Additional quot. 'Slow, gradual'.
- ?c1400(1379) Daniel *Treat.Uroscopy (Roy 17.D.1)f.72ra (2.10) : Vryn ruf or subruf, oueral þik and droubli, and bloish and dymmysh abouen, & of late tyme..seith a pleuresie.
Note: Additional quot., sense 4.(a). Antedates sense. 'Recent.'