Middle English Dictionary Entry
kide-nẹ̄re n.
Entry Info
| Forms | kide-nẹ̄re n. Also kidner(e, kideneire, kidnare, kidanere, (error) kydeyre & kidenei(e, kidneie, -naie, ked(e)nei; pl. kideneres, kideneies, etc. & kideneiren. |
| Etymology | ?From OE *cyde, *cydde belly (cp. OE cod a bag & MnE kid a pod) & *nēora (ME nẹ̄re kidney). The forms in -nei(e are perh. due to the influence of ei n.(1). |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) The kidney of a person or an animal; (b) pl. the region of the kidneys, the loins; (c) pl. the kidneys as the seat of emotions.
Associated quotations
a
- a1325 Gloss.Bibbesw.(Cmb Gg.1.1)159 : Reynoun [glossed:] kidenere.
- c1350 Cmb.Ee.4.20.Nominale (Cmb Ee.4.20)70 : Espleen, bowelles, fel, et reinoun: Milte, tharmes, galle, and kedeney.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Ex.29.13 : Þou schalt take..þe two kydners [Corp-O: kydneers]; & þe fatt þat is apon hem.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)58b/a : The kydeneiren hatte Renes..for of ham springiþ þe humour semynal..veynez & marouz sweten out a þynne humour into þe kideneiren..þe place þat is in þe sydes of þe ioyntes of þe rigge in þe which is þe place of þe kideneiren hatte þe loynes.
- c1400 Femina (Trin-C B.14.40)23 : Mylthe, þarme, & kydeney, Stomake, veyne, synues al a boute.
- (c1410) York MGame (Vsp B.12)25 : Þe grettest grece that þei [roebucks] mowe haue wiþ inne it is whan hure kydeneys be keuered alle white.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Lev.3.4 : Thei schulen offre twey kydeneris.
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)55b/b : Renius: a kydeyre or an ere.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)70a/a : Ȝif þer were but one Reyne oþer a kidneye, he schulde decline alle to þe tone side.
- a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sln 1986)p.10 : Take þo hert and þo mydruv and þe kydnere, And hew hom smalle.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)14b/b : Summe lymes han her hangynge bi it, as þe kydeneyes and þe matrice, þat beþ hangid to þe bak.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)42a/b : The lendis..ben þus yordeyned for þe Nerus, kydeneyris, or þe lundlawis, schulden reste vpon hem.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)42b/a : Mannyns [read: Mannys] Nerus, or kideneyren, ben lijk vnto þe kideneyris of a cow al ful of harde knottis hauynge in hem manye concauitees.
- a1500 Hrl.1002 Gloss.(Hrl 1002)627 : Ren.: kedney.
b
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)53a/a : Þe rigge bigynneþ from þe nolle of þe heed and strecchiþ neþer to þe kydeneiren.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)37a/b : The wombe is y callid al þe regioun of þe nutritis, þe which duriþ fro þe midrif dounward wiþinne and wiþouten anoon to þe kideneiris, or reynes, and to þe schare.
c
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)15.7 : Y shal bliscen our Lord, þat ȝaf me vnderstondyng, and vp þat unto nyȝt my kydnaies [vr. kydners] blamed me.
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)72.21 : Myn hert is enflamned; & myn kidnares ben chaunged.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: Med., etc., see further J.Norri, Dictionary of Medical Vocabulary, s.v. kidney.