Middle English Dictionary Entry
joining(e ger.(1)
Entry Info
| Forms | joining(e ger.(1) Also juning(e, ywnyng. |
| Etymology |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) The action or process of fastening together; also fig.; (b) sticking together; sticking (to sth.); (c) copulation; (d) a hostile encounter, fight; (e) building or making by fastening parts together; (f) gram. the joining of two nouns with a conjunction or by juxtaposition; (g) rhet. the manner in which words are combined; ?a combination of words.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)38b/b : Also þe hed haþ many synewes in his firste composicioun, & þat is nedeful for þe ioynynge & onynge [L coniunctionem] of vnliche bones.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)260a/a : Þe nekke is nedeful for ioynynge [L coniunctionem] of þe heed and þe body togidre.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)46/1 : If þat a senewe were woundid in lenkþe, he mai wel & liȝtliche be sowdid togidere wiþ ioynynge of lippis & wiþ þe sowynge.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.660 : I haue as now no tyme..Þe sotil Ioynyng to tellen of þe stonys.
- ?a1425 *MS Htrn.95 (Htrn 95)140b/a : Þe ankle..is compounde of summe smale bones, þe whiche be nescessaire to þe ioynynge of þe place and to þe schap þerof also.
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)105a/a : It is restorede in layenge þe foote on þe erþe and in ioynenge it with þy foot.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)199/2 : Sche had in meditacyon. of þe gostly joynyng of mannys sowle to Ihesu Crist.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)65a/a : We schulden be war in ioynynge of þe parties of a wounde togideris þat noon heer..schulde not entren wiþinne.
b
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)132b/b : Þe humour þat haþ cause of ioynynge [L coadherentie] of parties is al I-wastid by violence of fire.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)43 : Bi þe passing passional love to it and also aftir bi þe..sweet loving of it wiþ nyȝ and at þe next neiȝist and joynyng and cleeving to þe presence of þe same.
c
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)151a/b : The vulture..conceyueþ and be conceyued..wiþoute joynynge of tredinge [L sine copula].
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)289b/b : A ȝonge cow is ofte able to þe couplynge & ioynynge of boles.
d
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)2133 : And thus at the joynenyge, the geauntez are distroyede.
- ?a1425 Siege Jerus.(1) (Lamb 491)538 : Ioynyng [Ld: Tytus..Forjustes þe jolieste with joyned of werr].
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)4565 : Erles..Þat are aioynet to þis Journey with ioynyng of wer!
- c1450(?a1400) Roland & O.(Add 31042)454 : In scheldes þay cowped full euen; Theyre Ioynynge was so harde..that theyre tymbir in sondire gan ryde.
e
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)197b/a : Gluwe..is good to ioynyng [L compaginationem] of schippes.
- (1444-6) Grocer Lond.(Kingdon)287/20 : Also paid for..tymbir for Joynyng and vernysshyng of our tabils.
- (c1456) Pecock Faith (Trin-C B.14.45)169 : Forwhi, thilk ioynyng and oonyng and schap is not hard, neither neische, neither eny dede may do, wherto a wal is ordeynyd..The wal is, or maad of bothe stones and morter as of his material cause, and of the ioynyng and comyng togidere of hem with her schap as of his formal cause.
- (1467-8) Doc.Finchale in Sur.Soc.6p.cccvi : Et solvit Leonardo Hall, carpentario, pro factura unius pentese ad cameram vocatam Dwglestour, ac pro le ywnnyng in dicta camera et in aliis diversis locis ibidem xij s.
f
- c1450 Battlefield Gram.(Trin-C O.5.4)119 : How knowest concepcion of gendre? A joynyng to gedre of the nounes substantyfys of diuerse gendre in reward of an adiectyf plurell, as Willyam and Katerine and the maunciple be syttyng atte mete.
- c1450 Battlefield Gram.(Trin-C O.5.4)120 : How knoweste apposicion? A joynyng to gedre of twey nominatyf cases singulers wyth a verbe substantyf wyth oute an & coniunccion j sette by twene.
g
- a1450(c1395) WBible(2) Pref.Jer.(NC 66)p.72 : This book berith greet misterie bi alle the names therof and ioynyngis of wordis [L juncturas..verborum].
2.
The fact or condition of being fastened together.
Associated quotations
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)143b/b : Somme makeþ wex of floures, and somme makeþ celles, now rounde, now square, wiþ wondir byndynge and ioynynge [L connexione] and euenes.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)210b/b : A tre..haþ fastnesse of þe erþe and ioynynge [L?fixionem].
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)109/15 : Þis ioynynge [L coniunctio] togidere of oon boon wiþ anoþir was maad bi-cause of iuvamentis.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)24a/a : In tyme of nede..oon senewe schulde susteyne þat oþir whanne þei comen after to þe yȝe, which þing myȝte not be doon withoute sich a ioynynge togidere.
3.
(a) A joint of the body; a joint in a building, a vessel, etc.; a juncture; (b) a fastener, a ligament.
Associated quotations
a
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)3 Kings 6.18 : Al the hows..hadde..hise ioynyngis maad suteli.
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)105a/a : The ioynynge to-gedre of bones is foure-folde: One ioynynge is as it were a sawe, as in þe commyssures or cliftes of þe brayne panne.
- c1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)1187 : Al was of ston of beryle..Wythouten peces or joynynges.
- c1450 Med.Bk.(1) (Med-L 136)214/677 : An oþer pot þat is wele glasid sal be do in the erth vp to þe brynkes Joynynge.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)19a/b : And þis maner of ioynynge of bonys is seid serratilis.
- c1475(1392) *MS Wel.564 (Wel 564)28a/a : Þer ben two oþire causis why þe vppere chekebon is not meued..The firste for her ioynynge wiþ þe bonys of þe heed ne schulde not be enpeirid þoruȝ her meuynge.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)68b : A junyng or a junte: Compages, junctura.
b
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Col.2.19 : And not holdynge the heed, of which al the body, by bondis and ioynyngis togidere [L per nexus et conjunctiones] vndirmynistrid and maad, wexith into the encreessyng of God.
4.
(a) An alliance; ?an agreement; (b) kinship.
Associated quotations
a
- 1483 Cath.Angl.(Monson 168)199 : A Iunynge:..confederacio.
b
- a1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)116/21 : There moste be two atte the leste and no mo for þat fleschely communycacion schuld noȝt be lettyd with gostly cognacion and ioynynge.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: Med., etc., see further J.Norri, Dictionary of Medical Vocabulary, s.v. joining.