Middle English Dictionary Entry
-ish suf.
Entry Info
Forms | -ish suf. Also -ishe, -sh(e, -iȝsh, -ishs, -esh(e, -i)sse, -i)se, -i)s, -ijs, -es(se, -as, -sæ, -ce, -ez, -isc, -i)sce, -esc, -eisce, -ich(e, -ch(e, -i)chs, -ech & -iske. |
Etymology | OE -isc, -sc, -esc & ON -i)sk-. In some words -ish & -eis, -ais (from AF) are confused. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
A derivational suffix in nouns designating nations, races, or languages, and in adjectives describing them; from OE: Brittish, English, Denish (var. of Danish), Frensh, Grekish, Romanish, Welsh, etc.; of ME formation: Alemainisc, Britonish, Danish, Frankish, Indish, Irish, Scottish, Spainish, etc. A few ME adjectives are derived from place names in imitation of the above; e.g., Flaundrish, Lundenisc.
The same suffix appears in adjectives derived from common nouns, and having the sense 'of the nature of, similar to'; from OE: cherlish, hevenish, mennish, thedish, etc.; of early ME formation: elvish, lifish, shepish, etc.; of later ME formation: coltish, doggish, feverish, folish, foxish, knavish, etc. ME boudish has the suffix attached to the stem of an OF verb. In late ME, this suffix is attached to adjectives and has the sense 'somewhat': blakish, bleuish, derkish, dullish, fattish, grenish, redish, saltish, wannish, wrongish, etc.
Associated quotations
- :