Middle English Dictionary Entry
in n.
Entry Info
Forms | in n. Also inne, ine, jn(ne, hin(ne & (?) yenne; pl. innes, etc. & (early) innen, h)inne, in. |
Etymology | OE in, infl. inne. Pl. with sg. meaning appears occasionally from late 14th cent. on. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) A temporary dwelling, lodgings; a house, room, or apartment for guests; (b) a public lodging and/or eating house; a hostelry, tavern; ~ keper, an innkeeper; (c) a military encampment; (d) a tent or booth.
Associated quotations
a
- 1123 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1123 : Se kyng alihte dune of his hors & alehte hine betwux his earmes & let hine beran ham to his inne.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)14263 : He hafde an in iȝarked to-ȝeines him.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)22285 : Wenden touwarde innen [Otho: hire hinne] cnihtes mid heore monnen.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)24433 : Þer þa innes weoren mid strengðe biwunnen.
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)14047 : And Vortiger þe king wende aȝen to his hin [Clg: herberwe].
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)22358 : Arthur þe bolde to his hinne wende.
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)527 : And euerech to is In [Hrl: inne] drouȝ.
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)134 : To þe temple he wente..and to his yn aȝen a-niȝt.
- a1350 Flem.Insur.(Hrl 2253)47 : Sire Iakes ascapede..out of þe fyhte hom to ys yn.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)5558,5567 : Þe clerk Merlin Hem hadde ypuruaid a riche in..Arthour & his feren wiȝt Soiournde þer seuen niȝt In her in.
- c1330(?c1300) Guy(1) (Auch)992 : Sir Gij to jn y-comen is & dede him vnarmi.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.2436 : Arcite anoon vnto his in is fare.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.ML.(Manly-Rickert)B.1097 : Alla gooth to his in.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)8.1285 : And to his In, Wher he whilom sojourned in, He goth him straght and was resceived.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)4856 : Þair siluer he tok..And to þair ine did it be born.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)15407 : Quar his innes ar [Göt: innes es; Trin-C: in is] to night, wel i can yow bring.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)19829 : Þai sagh þam fra þat innes [Trin-C: þe Innes] þar sant petre in lai.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)330 : His leue took Neptenabus To his jn, wel yrous.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)445 : Unto myne in I come by day.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Gen.24.32 : And he brouȝte hym in to the ynne [WB(1): hows of herbergrye; L hospitium] and unsadlide the camels.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Deeds 28.23 : Many men camen to hym in to the in.
- ?1435 Lond.Chron.Jul.(Jul B.2)96 : And so went to their Innes.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)29/4 : Þei askyd hir wher was hir in.
- (1440) *Capgr.St.Norb.(Hnt HM 55)475 : Streit he goth on-to þe bisschoppis In.
- 1447 Bokenham Sts.(Arun 327)9053 : Yche man hym dede hye Hoom to hys yn, hym to counforte Wyth bodyly food & othyr dysporte.
- c1450 Capgr.St.Kath.(Arun 396)4.539 : Foorth to her Innes thei dresse hem to goo.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)2844 : On a day þe citezenes Led cuthbert fra his ynes To se þe walles of þe toune.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)741/15 : And than every knyght drew to his inne.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)5.285 : Seynte German..toke of the redde erthe with hym..and so goynge to hys ynne [Trev.: þe place of his harborwe; L locum hospitii sui], savede his goodes and of alle that place from brennynge.
- a1500(?c1400) EToulouse (Cmb Ff.2.38)397 : The Erle wente home to hys ynnys.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)231 : Than departed the knyghtes of ther ynne.
b
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)133/27 : I stude of in, his cradel herbearhede him [cp. Luke 2.7].
- c1300(c1250) Floris (Cmb Gg.4.27)82/88 : Þe lord of þer [Suth: þat] inne, nas non his liche.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)1239 : Þai brouȝt him to an inne.
- c1375(?c1280) SLeg.Nativ.(Eg 1993)560 : Al þe innes of þe toun ifuld were and inome.
- 1389 Nrf.Gild Ret.30 : And qwan ye messe is don, be here aldermannes asent yey schal alle to-gedere gon to an In.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.NP.(Manly-Rickert)B.4216 : To his felawes in he took the way.
- a1400(c1300) NHom.(1) Nativ.(Phys-E)p.63 : War innes al bifor thaim nomen.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)1027 : Alle þe jnnes of þe toun Hadden litel foysoun.
- (1409) Mem.Bk.York in Sur.Soc.125177 : Item, it is ordand that no man of the sayd crafte sall go to innes bot if he be sente after.
- (c1422) Hoccl.JWife (Dur-U Cosin V.3.9)463 : Shee cam in-to hir In and abood there Dayes dyuerse.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Gen.42.27 : The sak of oon was opened that he schulde ȝyue meete to the werk beeste in the yn [L diversorio].
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)32b/b : Hospicium: an ospitale or an Inne.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)20/28 : And þat wylderness & desert lasteth viij iourneyes, but all weys men fynden gode jnnes [F hosteleries] & all þat hem nedeth of vytaylle.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)139/17 : For whoso will make a feste to ony of his frendes, þere ben certeyn jnnes [F hostiels] in euery gode town, & he þat will make the feste wil sey to the hostellere: 'Arraye,' [etc.].
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)260 : In, of herboroghe: Hospicium, diversorium.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)453 : Senye, of an inne or ostrye: Texera.
- 1448 Rich.(Arms 58)115/48 : To Richardes yn they comen.
- (c1449) Rec.Norwich 2230 : Couerlightmakers..Inkepers..Calaundrers.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)5330 : Þe Innes were all full set, Þat gestnyng moght þai get nane.
- (1451) Capgr.St.Gilb.(Add 36704)102/13 : Gilbert went forth on his iornay; þe goodman of þe hin cam hom and in þat same bed, as þe woman be-leued be meritis of our fader Gilbert, sche conceyued a son.
- (1463) Let.Bk.Lond.L (Gldh LetBk L)32 : Divers foreins..usen to leve their best frutes in their ynnes where they be loigged.
- (1467-70) Proc.Chanc.in Cal.PCEliz.1.p.lxxxiii : The seid John and his felauship anoon after were luged at the house of yor seid por orator, he than keping an open in for all comers and goers.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)67a : An Ine [Monson Inne]: hospicium.
- a1500 Amadace (Adv 19.3.1)282 : He preyd hom..That thei wold to the innes go..Delycyous meytes ther thei had.
- a1525(?1421) Cov.Leet Bk.24 : Þat noo Osteler bake no maner of bred in hur houses..and that they sell no derre in hur Innes, nedur benes, ne pesez, ne ootys in encrease, but as the Statute wull.
c
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)12071 : We scullen nimen a hond heore seoluer & heore gold & faren to ure inne [Otho: ine].
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)20977 : Þat orf þat heo nomen al heo sloȝen, to heore inne ladden.
- c1475(c1420) Page SRouen (Eg 1995)p.12 : Oure king assygnyd a yenne The pouer [read: priour] with hys xv hundryd men..By the Foreste of Lyones.
d
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)108/15 : Drihten..ȝif du wylt, þæt we her wurcean þreo inn, þe an & Moyse an & Helie an.
2.
(a) Lodgings in general; nimen (taken) ~, to procure lodgings (for sb.); (b) ben at ~, to lodge, dwell, stay (in or at a place); bidden ~, ask for hospitality; geten ~, find lodgings; nimen (taken) ~, find lodgings, stay (at a place, with sb.); his innes ar taken, he is lodged.
Associated quotations
a
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)133/2 : Þus poure he wes of in [Recl.: Jn].
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)195/9,10 : H[u]anne a riche man ssel come to ane toune oþer to ane cite, he zent his messagyers bo-uore uor to nime guod in; oþer oþerlaker he miȝte wel fayly guod in uorto habbe.
- c1390(?c1350) Jos.Arim.(Vrn)163 : Þow schalt haue liueraunce of In and al þat þe neodes.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)77 : My man to-forn..of Fortune took myn Inne anon Wher þe pylgrymes were logged.
- (c1422) Hoccl.JWife (Dur-U Cosin V.3.9)458 : Shee bad him for to go And take hire In, so þat shee honestly Mighte Inned been.
- ?c1430(c1400) Wycl.Satan & C.(Corp-C 296)210 : Crist techiþ to herbwre pore men þat han non houses ne peny to peye for here innys.
- c1450(c1400) Emare (Clg A.2)960 : Messengeres..come to þe kowrt of Rome, To take her lordes inne.
- a1500 Amadace (Adv 19.3.1)195 : At the marchandes hows owre yn thou tak on.
b
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)12923,12926 : Þeȝȝ comenn forr to fraȝȝnenn Crist Off whære he wass att inne [cp. John 1.39: ubi maneret], Forr þatt teȝȝ wolldenn cumenn efft..Till himm, whærsumm he wære att inn.
- c1300(c1250) Floris (Cmb Gg.4.27)80/20 : Fort to þe hauene hi beoþ icume, And þer habbeþ here in inome.
- c1300(c1250) Floris (Cmb Gg.4.27)82/86 : Vaire hi habbeþ here in inome At one paleis suþe riche.
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)68/16 : To seint Albones house he cam and bad is In þere.
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)1173 : At one gode mannes house, his In a-niȝt he nam.
- c1300 SLeg.Edm.Abp.(LdMisc 108)103 : His hostasse hadde one douȝter, þere he was at inne.
- a1325 SLeg.Aug.Cant.(Corp-C 145)21 : To an ile bi este Kent hore ssip bigan euene wende..Þere hy nome uerst hore in.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)5998 : Wanne at an gode nonnes house is men were at inne, Verst hii wolde ete & drinke.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)11311 : Þe king..to oxenforde com & is in..atte frere prechors nom.
- c1330 Degare (Auch)465 : In þe cite his in he takkez.
- c1330 St.Greg.(Auch)99/499 : He tok his in as kniȝt large.
- ?a1425(?c1350) NHom.(3) Pass.(RwlPoet 175)292 : Þan Ihesus and his men ilk ane In þat hows þair ines has tane.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)17650 : Wit nichodeme he tok his hin [Göt: in; Ld: ynne].
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)11443,11456 : Þei toke her Innes [Vsp: gesting] in þe toun..suche kynges þere were comen And had her In [Vsp: gestening] in þe toun nomen.
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)9.4 : I..fraynide ful ofte..Ȝif any wiȝt wiste where dowel was at Inne.
- a1425(c1333-52) Minot Poems (Glb E.9)28/27 : Biside ȝow here þe bare bigins To big his boure in winter tyde; And all bi tyme takes he his ines.
- a1425(c1333-52) Minot Poems (Glb E.9)32/52 : In þe toure of Londen his ines er taken.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)3024 : Allas, þat þou þine yns here toke.
- a1425(?c1375) NHom.(3) Leg.(Hrl 4196)141/286 : Þe appostels in þat same cete Toke þaire ines a while to be.
- a1425(a1400) Titus & V.(Pep 2014)935 : His ynne was itake fast by Next þe temple of kyng Davy.
- (1431) Dec.Marthall in HMC Var.Col.218 : There come to me Sir William of Hulme..and Geffreue Starky and senden after me in to the house of Matthewe the tayliour in the same towne, where as they were at innes.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)65/22 : Þe good wyvys þer þei weryn at inne leyden hir in her owyn beddys.
- 1448 Rich.(Arms 58)115/49 : Ho is at jnne here?
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)9278 : Alle were comen þat schold or wylde Innes taken.
- a1450 Gener.(1) (Mrg M 876)1472 : Whan thei to the Citie came, Here ynnes ther ful sone thei nam.
- a1450 Gener.(1) (Mrg M 876)2318 : Here ynnes ther thei toke anoon.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)5327 : Þe calde of wynter to eschew, Þai buskid þaim innes to get.
- a1475 Bk.Courtesy (Sln 1986)309 : In no kyn house þat rede mon is, Ne womon of þo same colour y-wys, Take neuer þy Innes for no kyn nede.
3.
(a) A permanent dwelling, house, home; at ~, at home; (b) quarters, apartment; sekra man ~, infirmary; (c) the dwelling of a bird or beast; (d) fig. the womb, the grave, the body as the abode of the soul, heaven, Hades, a dwelling place in hell; (e) arthures ~, King Arthur's household, the knights of the Round Table.
Associated quotations
a
- c1225(?c1200) St.Juliana (Bod 34)5/32 : Eleusius..wes iwunet ofte to cumen wið him to his in & iseon his dohter.
- ?a1300 Sirith (Dgb 86)20 : He wente him to þen inne Þer hoe wonede inne; Þat wes riche won.
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)325/93 : So heo confortede þis guode wijf þat heo bi-lefte þare at Inne.
- ?c1335 Heil seint Michel (Hrl 913)p.157 : Wiþ þe hori tromcheri hori is ȝure inne!
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)2356 : He nom is leue..& wende hom to is In, sori as he þeruore þo were.
- c1330 7 Sages(1) (Auch)21/438 : Whan he was liȝ [read: liȝt] at his in, Quik he wente to his gardin, His fair tre for to sen.
- c1330 7 Sages(1) (Auch)68/1472 : Þou sschalt ous þe penies winne, Oþer i þe sschal driue out of min inne.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.115 : In þe side of þe hille was þe yn [vr. toun; L urbs] of Lazarus, of Martha, and of Marie Mawdeleyn; þat toun hiȝt Bethania.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mil.(Manly-Rickert)A.3622 : And pryuely he sente hem to his in And heeng hem in the roof in pryuetee.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pri.(Manly-Rickert)B.1632 : Draweth no monkes moore in to youre in.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)7.4919 : He rod and of his hors alyhte Tofore Collatines In.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)1940 : Y wyl me reste yn ȝoure Ine [vr. hous] as a nyȝtys geste.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)4983 : Þat þai þe yongeist bring in place, þat þai lefte at þeir fader in [Göt: fadris ine].
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)192 : And martha þat wild noght blin Aboute þe nedis of hir inne [Vsp: þare hus].
- (1423) Doc.Brewer in Bk.Lond.E.165/763 : Þe same John Pekker for to make a bay-wendowe..affter þe sample of þe bay-wendowe þat is yn þe In of þe Erll of warwikk.
- (1424) EEWills56/12 : Þe which houshold is in myn In, in keping of my seruaunt Rolleston by bille endented.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)565 : Þan went Ywaine to his yn; His men he fand redy þareyn.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)3041 : Mynsteris and masondewes they malle to þe erthe..Chawmbyrs with chymnes and many cheefe inns.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)2156 : Þus pertid þe persons & presset to þere ynnes.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)4300 : Þare þai robbe..And heryes houses and many Inne.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)7661 : Fra þe southe þare come dyuerse, Þe whilk left þaire faders in.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)281/19 : Aftyr þe sonne going downe þer dyrst no man go out of his yn.
- a1500 Amadace (Adv 19.3.1)202 : He spyrd to the marchandes yn.
b
- a1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1070 : Leofwine..læi seoc in þa secræ man in.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)14289 : Hængest eode in to þan inne þer wunede Rouwenne.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1485 : Wiþ care was he ouer-come bi þat he com to his inne.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2089 : Þemperour..het hem wiȝtli to wende to williams inne.
- a1500(?a1475) Guy(4) (Cmb Ff.2.38)189 : To hys inne ȝede Gye.
c
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)29276 : Þa sparwen heore flut nomen & fluȝen to heore innen ȝeond þare burȝen.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.350 : But who so wolde senge a cattes skyn, Than wolde the cat wel dwellen in his in.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)5315 : Here how a man..saint cuthbert monkys hors putt oute of þair in.
d
- c1300 SLeg.Mich.(LdMisc 108)723 : Al round it lith in þe wombe, and i-bouwed ase an hare Ȝwane þat heo in fourme lith, for is In is sumdel nare.
- a1350 Body & S.(4) (Hrl 2253)198 : Wen he is graued vndermold, al cold ys hys yn.
- a1450 Pore of spirit (Dgb 102)47 : In helle þey purchas here ynne.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)301 : In his hastines he highyt vnto helle yates, A þre hedet hounde in his honnd coght, That was keper of the close of þat curset In.
- (1451) Capgr.St.Gilb.(Add 36704)76/2 : Þe tyme was come in whech þat holy soule schuld leue þe In of his body.
- c1455 Spec.Miser.(Tak 32)139 : I feere in helle to haue myin ynne.
- a1500 Tutiuillus (Dc 104)17 : Þe blis of heuen þan may ȝe wyn; god bryng vs al to his In.
e
- c1440(?a1400) Perceval (Thrn)260 : With thre knyghtis mett he þare Off Arthurs in.
- a1475 Gawain & CC (Brog 2.1)217 : At þe ȝatt be barnnus þre, Semley armus to welde: To knyȝttus of Arterys in, A beschope, and no mor men.
4.
(a) A residence hall for university students; -- only in names of specific halls; (b) an abode of lawyers and law students; one of the Inns of Court or of Chancery; (c) in various names of buildings and place names [see Smith PNElem. 1.303].
Associated quotations
a
- (1434-5) Reg.Chanc.Oxf.in OHS 9311 : In hospicio nostro infra dictum Universitatem vocata Nevileysin.
- (1437-8) Reg.Chanc.Oxf.in OHS 9326 : Iohannes Austell..conuictus est..super perturbacione pacis per depositionem Willelmi Alwyke de Peckewater Inne, Symonis mancipii de Bekis Inne.
- (c1445) Reg.Chanc.Oxf.in OHS 94263 : De aula Taclayyis hyn.
- (1450) Reg.Chanc.Oxf.in OHS 93198 : Hospicium vulgariter vocatum Neuhynne in suburbiis Oxonie.
- (1458) Reg.Chanc.Oxf.in OHS 943 : Burnell Ynne.
- (1458) Reg.Chanc.Oxf.in OHS 944 : Beeks Ynne..Trillockes Ynne.
- (1467) Reg.Chanc.Oxf.in OHS 94277 : Pro aula vulgariter nuncupata Pekwatyrsyn.
b
- (1432) Let.Bk.Lond.K (Gldh LetBk K)143 : [That the said Thomas be sent to] Greyssyn [to be instructed].
- ?1435 Lond.Chron.Jul.(Jul B.2)82 : My seyde lorde off Gloucestre sent vnto the Innes of Courte at London.
- (1436) *Black Books (MS.) of Lincoln's Inn [OD col.]lf.31a : Here folwen certeyns..promysis made to the felaweshippe of Lyncoll' ynne.
- (1442) Doc.Ireland in RS 69287 : Oonn Johan Chevir of Lincolnn is Yn in Londoun sent þe copie of the seide articles to William Chevir.
- a1500(c1465) SEChron.(Lamb 306)71 : This yere was a grete fraye be twene the Cite of London and men of Cowrte, which were drevyn with the Archeres of the Cite from the Standarde in Flete strete to ther innes.
c
- (1364) EPNSoc.7 (Sus.)431 : Netherinne.
- (1380) Inquis.Miscel.(PRO)4.92 : [Roger atte Wille..was seised of a messuage called] Sottonysyn.
- (1388) Inquis.Miscel.(PRO)5.67 : [The earl held in Staunford in fee simple a great inn called] Kyngesin.
- (1388) Inquis.Miscel.(PRO)5.85 : [A tenement called] Stodleyssynne..Patessynne..Gyngersynne.
- (1395) EEWills9/2 : This was yeve and writen in the lordes In of Cherlton withoute Newgate.
- (1424) in Madox Form.Angl.(1702)433 : Hospicium meum in Civitate London..vocatum Nevill Inne.
- 1448(1435) *Mandeville Brut (Arms 58:Kooper)f.321v : Þe bysshop hadde a faire tour amakyng wiþ out Temple Barre at þe heygh yn on Themys syde and hym lackyde stoon.
- c1450 Brut-1434 (Cmb Hh.6.9)440/21 : In þis same yere..died Charles, þe French Kynge, In his Inne of saint Paules with-Inne þe Cite of Paris.
- (1461) EPNSoc.7 (Sus.)431 : Nytherinne.