Middle English Dictionary Entry
hog(ge n.(1)
Entry Info
| Forms | hog(ge n.(1) Also hō̆g(e, ogge. |
| Etymology | OE, ?from Celt. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) A swine; esp. a castrated male swine; bacoun ~ [see bacoun]; (b) in proverb: cast not pearls before swine; (c) as a term of opprobrium: a greedy or gluttonous person.
Associated quotations
a
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)89/6 : Þe erþe þet berþ and norysseþ azewel þe hogges [Vices & V.(2): swyn] ase hy deþ þe kinges.
- c1350 Cmb.Ee.4.20.Nominale (Cmb Ee.4.20)729 : Porke, hoget, et porcelle; Swyn, hog, and gris.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Luke 8.33 : A flok of manye hoggis [WB(2): swyne] was there lesewynge in an hil.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.NP.(Manly-Rickert)B.4575 : Ran cow and calf and eek the verray hogges, So fered for berkyng of the dogges.
- (a1399) Oath Bk.Colchester10 : An hog j quart and for a flyche i qt.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)1884 : Alisaunder and..his kniȝttes Hem to pieces þai gonne talle, So bocher þat hog vpon his stalle.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)6.183 : Lete hem ete with hogges.
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)2.71 : Þat man kepiþ hoggis, þat nurishiþ fleishli synnes, boþe in him and oþir men.
- ?c1430(c1400) Wycl.Satan & C.(Corp-C 296)216 : Þei..fallen in lecherie & slepen as hooggis.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)242 : Hogge, swyne: Nefrendis, maialis.
- c1450 Jacob's W.(Sal 103)35/16 : As he sate at mete, a swyn com in beforn him; þe smyth..kyste of his breed to þe hog.
- c1450 Jacob's W.(Sal 103)141/13 : Of hem þat are lyche hoggys in glotonye, þe feendys haue powere.
- (c1450) Capgr.St.Aug.(Add 36704)9/11 : He ete hem nawt but þrew hem [apples] on-to hoggis.
- c1460 Oseney Reg.24/2 : Þat þe saide chanons..haue..fre commune to þere shepe and hogges..in all my maners.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)64b : A Hogge: maialis, porcus carens testiculis.
- a1500(?a1450) GRom.(Add 9066)338 : For drastes that are in the tonne; and suche is not worthe to a sike man, scarsely for hogges.
- a1500 PParv.(KC 8)460 : Ye hoggys welwyn [Hrl: Slothe, where swyne or oþer bestys han dwellyd].
- (?a1500) Doc.in Dugdale Monasticon 1443 : She must purvey iiij bacon hogis for the covent.
b
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)11.10 : Nolite mittere, Man, margerie perlis Among hogges þat hauen hawen at wille.
c
- ?c1430(c1400) Wycl.Serv.& L.(Corp-C 296)243 : He schal be holde a nyggard, an hound, or an hoog, an ypocrite & an heretik.
- a1475 Libel EP (Vit E.10:Wright)314 : Thus are they hogges and drynkyn wele ataunte.
2.
Associated quotations
- (1310) Invent.Jarrow in Sur.Soc.292 : Item de multonibus, ovibus, et hogges ixXX et X.
- (1350) Doc.Hatfield in Sur.Soc.32226 : Et de x hogs et jercs de remanentibus.
- (1381) Doc.in Morsbach Origurk.4 : vii Ewen and vii Rames and xlvii hogges.
- (1451) Lin.DDoc.51/26 : I will my scheperd hafe vj wedyr hogges.
- (1457) Will York in Sur.Soc.30212 : Eidem Nicholas iiijXX agnos vocatos hoggis.
- (1465) Paston (Gairdner)4.203 : Item, taken away uppon Draytun grounde at on tyme by the baylly of Cossey and others, CC shepe callyd hoggys.
- (a1475) Fortescue Gov.E.(LdMisc 593)132 : So his hyghnes shall haue þeroff but as hadd þe man þat sherid is hogge, muche crye and litil woll.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)130/456 : Of xv hogys ffond I bot oone ewe.
- a1500 Henley Husb.(Sln 686)56 : Loke þat ye make taylis betwixt your sheperd and your tayle..þe male hoges by þem selfe, þe female hogges by hym selfe.
3.
In cpds. & combs.: ~ bagge, a hog-like bag used in witchcraft; ~ hous, hogge(s cote, a shed for hogs or sheep; hogges gred, a hog's squealing; hogges her, a hog bristle; hogge(s-herde, a swineherd or a shepherd; hogges kinde, the nature of hogs; hogges maue, the stomach of a hog; hogges mete, food for hogs; hogge(s sous, parts of a hog (such as, ears, feet, snout, etc.) prepared as food; ~ sti, a pigsty; hogges tord, a hog's turd; hogges wash, refuse of the kitchen for feeding pigs, hogwash.
Associated quotations
- (1279) Assize R.Nhb.in Sur.Soc.88313 : Willelmus Hoggehird.
- (1327) in Thuresson ME Occup.Terms66 : Sim. Hogherde.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)1979 : Merlin dede him se In o day in þre ble..an hogges herd..a chapman..a fair swain.
- (1350) in Löfvenberg Contrib.Lex.94 : [A house called] Hogge house.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pard.(Manly-Rickert)C.955 : I wolde I hadde thy coylons in myn hond..They shul be shryned in an hogges toord.
- a1400 Of thes frer mynours (Cleo B.2)20 : Þer comes one out of þe skye in a grey goun, As it were an hoghyerd hyand to toun.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)5732 : Þe olyfauntz..ne haue so mychel drade Of noþing as of hogges grade.
- (1414-7) Acc.R.Dur.in Sur.Soc.100300 : In solucione facta Will'o Dycon, carpentario, pro reparacione del hogcote..4 s. 8 d.
- (1416-7) Acc.R.Dur.in Sur.Soc.100316 : Will'o Dycon, custode hoggastrorum apud le hoggecot.
- (1423) Visit.Flemyng & Gray14 : Dominus Johannes Raynald, rector de Hogecote.
- (1429) in Mun.Magd.Oxf.[OD col.]16 : j cowehous, j carthous, j hoggescote.
- ?c1430(c1400) Wycl.Curates (Corp-C 296)149 : What man druste vndertake to kepe men biseged in a feble castel wiþ many stronge enemys, & þanne fle in-to an hogherdis office?
- c1450 Burg.Practica (Rwl D.251)226/2 : Take an hoggis mawe and slyt it and all hote lay it on hys memberis.
- c1450 Jacob's W.(Sal 103)81/13 : Þey in þe kechyn, for iape, pouryd on here hefd hoggyswasch.
- c1450 Jacob's W.(Sal 103)228/19 : Wo to ȝou þat..haue made ȝoure herte an hoggys cote & a denne of theuys, þat is, a dwellyng place of feendys!
- c1450 Trin-C.LEDict.(Trin-C O.5.4)611/35 : Seta: a hoggeshere.
- (1458) Visit.St.Paul in Camd.n.s.5599 : Vnum gattehous et vnum hoghous.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)6.233 : Segeberte..was sleyne of the hoggeherde [Trev.: swynherde; L porcarius] of the duke.
- c1475(c1450) Idley Instr.(Cmb Ee.4.37)2.A.450 : She hadd made of lether an hogg bagge..The bagge wolde goo into eche neighbours cloose And sowke euery mannes cowe.
- a1500 Rolle Mend.L.(Wor F.172)40 : Who forsoth myght bithenk a gretter madnes than of hym whiche from kynges foode wold torne hym and feede hymsilf with hogges mete?
- a1500 Rolle Mend.L.(Wor F.172)41 : Whether that glotenye an[d] lecherie bie nat of hogges kynde?
- ?a1500 Lndsb.Nominale (Lndsb)803 : Porcatorium: a hogstye.
- (?a1500) Doc.in Dugdale Monasticon 1444 : The cheke, the ere, and the fote, is a levery; the groyne and two fete ys anodyr leveray; soe a hoole hoggs sowsse shall serve three ladyes..so that a hoole hogg sowse do serve four ladyes.
4.
(a) In surnames; (b) in place names [see Smith PNElem. 1.256].
Associated quotations
a
- (1174-80) Chart.St.Paul in RHS ser.3.58125 : Willelmo Hog.
- (1198) CRR(2) 7340 : Rogerus Hog.
- (1218) Justice in Eyre R.in Seld.Soc.5376 : Oliver Hoglamb.
- (1220) CRR(2) 8277 : Jordanus Oggesfot.
- (1250-1) Select Pleas Forest in Seld.Soc.1394 : Galfridus Hog.
- (1296-7) Acc.Cornw.in RHS ser.3.68190 : Et de 13 s. 4 d. de Willelmo Hogge.
- (1297) Sub.R.Yks.in YASRS 16135 : Joh. Fathogge.
- (1301) in Thuresson ME Occup.Terms67 : Ad. Hoggeman.
- (1306) in Webb Rec.St.Barth1/434 : Willelmus Kelehogge.
- (1313-7) Surnames in Disc.25 : Stephen hoglambe.
- (1324) Court R.Lan.in LCRS 41127 : Adam le Hog.
- (1327) Sub.R.Som.in Som.RS 3123 : Johannes Hogg.
- (1327) Sub.R.Som.in Som.RS 3241 : Johannes Hogeman.
- (1327) Sub.R.Sus.in Sus.RS 10116 : Rob[er]to Hoggesfles.
- (1328) Pat.R.Edw.III354 : Richard Hoggesher.
- (1332) in Thuresson ME Occup.Terms67 : Nic. le Hoggreue.
- (1341) in Thuresson ME Occup.Terms113 : Hug. le hoghalere.
- (1392) Court R.Hastings in Sus.RS 37127 : Thomas Hogeman.
b
- (1333) in Fägersten PNDor.86 : Hoggesford.
- (1363) Doc.in Der.ANHSJ 2275 : [John Chapman took up] Hoggefeld.
- (1399-1400) Acc.R.Dur.in Sur.Soc.100316 : Comp. Joh'is Wethirhard, Hoggettarii apud Hoghall.
- (1425) in Fägersten PNDor.299 : Hoggehurste.