Middle English Dictionary Entry
họ̄d n.
Entry Info
| Forms | họ̄d n. Also hoid, houd, hud, hwde & hodde, hudde & (error) hoth. |
| Etymology | OE |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) A hood for men or women attached to an outer garment or worn as a separate head-covering with or without attached shoulder cape; -- often worn under a hat; ~ cloth, cloth for making hoods; (b) in proverbs and sayings; (c) in oaths: bi (for) mi ~, etc.
Associated quotations
a
- a1350 Ich herdemen (Hrl 2253)22 : Nede he mot swynde, þah he hade swore, þat naþ nout en hod his hed forte hude.
- a1350 Ichot a burde in boure (Hrl 2253)19 : A burde..wiþ browen blysfol vnder hode.
- c1330 Orfeo (Auch)229 : He no hadde kirtel no hode, Schert no noþer gode.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)4533 : Bote thre syþes a bar hym þanne aboute And al is hod to-taar to cloute.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.353 : Þey..haueþ..straiȝt hodes þat streccheþ a cubite ouer þe schuldres by-hynde.
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.103 : And he was clad in coote and hood of grene.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.CY.(Manly-Rickert)G.571 : His cloke was sowed to his hood.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)12511 : His hod [Trin-C: hood; Frf: hudde] he laid a-pon his face.
- a1400(?a1350) Siege Troy(1) (Eg 2862)268 : And make þe Childe cloþes tyȝt, Curtel and tabard and hod al wyȝt.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)5.195 : His berde was bidraueled, With an hode on his hed, a lousi hatte aboue.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)155 : Al grayþed in grene þis gome..A strayt cote..A mere mantile abof..& his hod boþe, Þat watz laȝt fro his lokkez & layde on his schulderes.
- c1400 Femina (Trin-C B.14.40)24 : Mettez le chaperon, couerez le chief..Put on þe hoth, keuere þe hed.
- (1418-9) EEWills40/29 : Rychard..schel haue my Russet gowen..and my blac houd.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.782 : To take a tresour & a somme of gold, Ful secrely, & knyt it in an hood.
- a1425 By a forest (Bod 596)80 : I held my self so clere of schap, That al the peple scholde loke on me And worschip me with hoode & cape.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)163/7 : Tartarienes..vsen nouþer cappe ne hood [Eg: hudes].
- (1433) Doc.Merchant York in Sur.Soc.12939 : Resayved iij s. iiij d. of Master Thomas Cleveland for his hode clothe.
- ?1435 Lond.Chron.Jul.(Jul B.2)48 : The newe knyhtes, riden byfore the kyng well arrayed, her hoodes ffurred with Menever.
- c1450(?1436) Siege Calais (Rome 1306)116 : Archers gode Cast away bothe gowne and hode, The better forto shote.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)9/14 : Hir hodys wyth þe typettys were daggyd.
- c1440(a1400) Awntyrs Arth.(Thrn)18 : Hir hude was of hawe hewe, þat hir hede hydys.
- c1440(?a1400) Perceval (Thrn)271 : On ayther halfe a [gaytes] skynn he hade; The hode was of þe same made, Juste to þe chynn..Þe flesche halfe tourned within.
- (1444) Will Daubeney in Som.RS 19342 : Y wol Thomas my brother have..a gowne of myn furred wt an hode.
- c1475(a1400) Amadace (Tay 9)p.29 : Suche a stinke in the chapelle he hade..He stopput his nase with his hude.
- c1450(?a1400) Parl.3 Ages (Add 31042)117 : He ne hade no hode ne no hatte bot his here one.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)19/16 : I caste myn hodde to a wedde for to defende thes wordes.
- c1460 My fayr lady (Hrl 2255)p.201 : For to kepe hire froom the heete, She weryth a daggyd hood of grene.
- c1475(c1450) Idley Instr.(Cmb Ee.4.37)1.120 : Be not straunge of hatte, hoode, ne hure.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)65b : A hwde: Capicium.
- a1500(a1400) Ipom.(1) (Chet 8009)5138 : The maydons lowryd vnder þere hode.
- a1500(?a1400) KEdw.& S.(Cmb Ff.5.48)590 : In russet clothyng he tyret hym þo, In kyrtil and in surstbye [read: curtebye], And a blak furred hode.
b
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pri.(Manly-Rickert)B.1630 : The monk putte in the mannes hood an ape.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.4787 : For sparinge of a litel cost Fulofte time a man hath lost The large cote for the hod.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.7716 : The Cote for the hod Largesse takth.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)2.1110 : Loke alwey that ye fynde Game in myn hood.
- a1456(a1426) Lydg.Mum.Hertford (Trin-C R.3.20)54 : With suche a metyerde she haþe shape him an hoode.
- a1450 Bot witt pas (Add 37049)63 : Of þi hode be þou hende, And specially to þi frende.
- c1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)1810 : Every wight gan on hem shoute And for to lawghe as they were wod, Such game fonde they in her hod.
- c1450(c1405) Mum & S.(2) (Add 41666)1473 : Whoso hewe ouer heede, þough his hoode be on, The spones wol springe oute and spare not þe eye.
- c1450 Dice(1) (Frf 16)141 : Faire falle youre hoode, for ye haue wel ycaste.
- c1450 My ladyes (Frf 16)208 : I rede that this game ende in your hood.
- c1450 Pilgr.LM (Cmb Ff.5.30)185 : We..committe thee that..thou hurtle alle thilke so cruelliche that hauen here hoodes wrong turned.
- c1460 Ipom.(3) (Lngl 257)351/30 : The king might haue wered a cukwold hoode.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)13/141 : Had I giffen away my goode, then myght I go with a ryffen hood.
- a1500 Many a man (BodPoet e.1)87 : Be he never so wild ore wood, His her shal grow thorow his hood.
- c1500 PFulham (Rwl C.86)360 : The lampwynkes and thise calmewes..can make and put a bone In the hoodis of their hosbondes Whan they be goon fer oute of londe.
- 1532-1897(c1385) Usk TL (Thynne:Skeat)89/50 : In his hode men have blowe a jape.
- 1532(?a1400) RRose (Thynne)7386 : And with so great devocion They made her confession That they had ofte..Two heedes in oon hood at ones.
c
- c1330 Why werre (Auch)187 : For als ich evere brouke min hod [Peterh: hed] under min hat, The frere wole to the direge if the cors is fat.
- ?c1350 Why werre (Peterh 104)p.15 : Hyt is not al for the calf That the cow loweth, But it is for the gode gras That in the mede groweth, By my hod!
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.CY.(Manly-Rickert)G.1334 : I nolde, for myn hood, But if they were siluer fyn and good.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)5.1151 : I comende hire wisdom, by myn hood!
- c1450(c1386) Chaucer LGW Prol.(1) (Benson-Robinson)507 : That is a trewe tale, by myn hood!
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)124/235 : How farys thi wyff? by my hoode, how farys sho?
- a1500 Bevis (Chet 8009)69/1201 : Be my hode, He is a devill or he is wood.
2.
(a) The hood of a priest or member of a religious order; ?also, a cleric [quot.: a1393]; (b) the hood worn by physicians, lawyers, knights of chivalric orders; (c) the distinctive hood worn by members of a guild or company on special occasions.
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)13109 : Munekes..iseȝen..þane swein mid munec claðen; þe hod hongede adun alse he hudde his crune.
- a1225 Wint.Ben.Rule (Cld D.3)111/6 : Hit nis laȝa þat munecene habben cule; hodes hi maȝon habban.
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)33/7 : A feble mon halt him þah ahelich ȝef he haueð a wid hod & a loke cape..& seið ha mei baldeliche iseon hali men ȝe swucche as he is.
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)284/209 : Þis þeues wiþ þis wide hodes a-rise wollez a-non, And I ne dar nouȝt a-bide heore song.
- ?c1335(a1300) Cokaygne (Hrl 913)126 : Nis þer hauk no fule so swifte Bettir fleing bi þe lifte Þan þe monkes heiȝ of mode Wiþ har sleuis and har hode.
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.195 : And for to festne his hood vnder his chyn, He [the monk] hadde of gold wroght a ful curious pyn.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.627 : [Hypocrisy] can werche Among tho wyde furred hodes To geten hem the worldes goodes.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)90 : Vpon ȝoure hede a wonder thredbar hood.
- a1425(a1382) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Ex.39.21 : Thei maden the coope coote, al iacynctyne; and a hode in the ouerest parti.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)7254 : Beggers with these hodes wide..And greye clothis..fretted full of tatarwagges.
- a1450(a1425) Mirk IPP (Cld A.2:Peacock)771 : Ouer þyn yen pulle þyn hod, And here hys schryfte wyþ mylde mod.
- a1450(a1425) Mirk IPP (Cld A.2:Peacock)1848 : When þow schalt to seke gon..pul thy hod ouer þy syȝt.
- a1456 Shirley TContents(1) (Add 16165)86 : God wolde of nobles he hade ful his hoode.
- a1500 RHood & M.(Cmb Ff.5.48)st.49 : Be þe golett of þe hode, John pulled þe munke down.
b
- c1400(a1376) PPl.A(1) (Trin-C R.3.14)7.253 : Fisik shal his furrid hood for his foode selle.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)20.175 : Elde..hitte A Fisicien with a forred hood.
- a1486 Knts.Bath in Archaeol.57 (Mrg M 775)69 : They shall doo up on them longe blewe gownis, and it muste be purfild aboute with ermyn..and a hood of the same purfiled aboute of the shappe as bacheleris of lawe hav, and the hoode muste be caste aboute his nek and the hood and the tipet pynnid to gedir.
c
- 1389 Nrf.Gild Ret.21 : It is ordeynede..yat ye bretheren and sisteren of yis gilde..shul han a lyueree of hodes in suyte.
- (1411) Will in Bk.Lond.E.216/16 : Y be-queþe to Johon Wyot a goune and a hoyd of þe cordewaneres leueray of ij coloures.
- a1422 Gild St.Geo.Nrw.(Rwl D.913)451 : Þat euery brother and sister schal be at Dirige in his liuere..and principaly with her hodes.
- (1428) Grocer Lond.(Kingdon)180 : In our tyme was John Markanouo grauntud to..haffe þe leuerey gowne or hode afftor þe discrecion of þe maisters.
- (1438) Acc.Bk.Carpenter Co.1 : We..haue paide..to willm Mendam For hys hode For ye ȝer, v s.
3.
(a) A mail covering for the head and neck, coif of mail; brinie ~, bal in the ~ [see brinie, bal]; (b) a cover placed over a fire to damp it down for the night [cp. hed-brond]; (c) haukes ~, a leather covering for the hawk's head when not pursuing game.
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)16515 : Aldolf..hine igrap..bi þere burne hode Þa wes an his hafde.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)27630 : Riwæððlan..smat þane king a þene helm þat he a twa to-ueol And æc þere burne-hod.
- c1330(?c1300) Guy(1) (Auch)1397 : Sum he smot opon þe hode; At þe girdel þe swerd astode.
- c1330 KTars (Auch)59/1109 : Þe kinges heued wiþ alle þe hode He strok of quite & clene.
- c1330 Otuel (Auch)413 : Þin heued sschal fele vnder þin hood.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)2277 : Hure helmes þay duden oppoun hure hod.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)3933 : Such a strok þat dupe wod, þorw-out helm, heued, & hod, Al he haþ for-cleued.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.267 : Normanz & Pikardes left boþe hede [&] hode.
- (1433) Will York in Sur.Soc.3041 : Armure, gownes, hodes, girdels, baslarde, chene, and rynges gif I to Johne my sonne.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)10297 : Þai hurlit of his helme..Harmyt the hode, þat was of hard maile.
- a1475 Siege Troy(1) (Hrl 525)196/1378 : There were many wondis wyde..And many on þe ballis in þe hode.
- a1500(?a1325) Otuel & R (Fil)1649 : Þere nas none þat myȝt hym hyde, That thay ne lore in þat tyde Þe balles in here hod.
- a1500(?a1400) Firumb.(2) (Fil)914 : The helm and hood of þe kyng claryoun ffley of with þat strok.
b
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)65b : A hudde [Monson: an Hude]: Repofocilium [Monson: repociculum].
c
- c1450 Pilgr.LM (Cmb Ff.5.30)148 : 'Now hider skinnes for haukes hoodes,' thei seyn.
4.
(a) In surnames; (b) as a place name [see Smith PNElem. 1.255]; (c) in the name of a tavern.
Associated quotations
a
- (1181) in Pipe R.Soc.3024 : Ricardus Hode.
- (1206) Assize R.Lin.in Lin.RS 221343 : Robertus Hod.
- (1230) in Pipe R.Soc.n.s.4274 : Robertus Hood.
- (c1250) Doc.in HMC Var.Col.7254 : Warner Hodeman.
- (1256) Assize R.Nhb.in Sur.Soc.88120 : Rob. Hode.
- (1306) Plea R.Edw.I in WSAS 7129 : Rog. Hod.
- (1393) in Fransson Surn.117 : Will. Hodemaker.
- a1500 Sum be mery (Lamb 306)p.268 : He that made this songe full good, Came of þe north and of þe sothern blode, And somewhat kyne to Robyn Hode.
b
- (1372) EPNSoc.8 (Dev.)297 : Hoode.
c
- (1384) Inquis.Miscel.(PRO)4.153 : [A pair of garnets for a leaden pan in the brewhouse at] le Hood sur le Hoop.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- c1330(?c1300) Bevis (Auch)94/1869 : Grander..y ȝaf hod.
Note: Modify sense: fig. use of 2.(a) or parodic--per DJ
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)290/334 : Do shott at thi hud!
Note: New sense: some kind of derogatory remark: 'Go shoot at your hood', 'Go shoot your head off', or some such.
- ?a1425 *Chauliac(3) (Htrn 95)69b/a : Þe ende of þe ȝerde is cleped balanum. Þe hole is wiþ inne þe ȝerde. Þe hode off þe ȝerde is cleped prepucium.
Note: New sense
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: Med., etc., see further J.Norri, Dictionary of Medical Vocabulary, s.v. hood.