Middle English Dictionary Entry
his pron.(2)
Entry Info
Forms | his pron.(2) Also hī̆se, hisse, is, hesse, hese, hus. |
Etymology | From absol. use of his pron.(1) & OE uses of his as obj. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1a.
(a) This man's money, his own property, his possessions, his kingdom, his home, etc.; that which is owed to him, his due; also fig.; of his, of his money, of his property, of his own; (b) his heart, his need, his turn at drinking; (c) his people, his subjects, his followers or disciples, his soldiers, his family or household, his servant, etc.; of ~, of his people, of his subjects, among God's elect; he and ~, him and ~, etc.; (d) his wife, his mistress, his parents, his children, etc.; this bird's young; (e) his deeds or actions, his amusement or diversion, etc.
Associated quotations
a
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)85 : Ȝef he mare speneð of his, hwense he aȝein cherreð, al he hit him wule ȝelden.
- ?a1300 Maximian (Dgb 86)124 : Iche nuste non I-wis Þat werede grei and gris, So murie so me wes þo, Ne more heuede of his.
- c1300 SLeg.Kenelm (Hrl 2277)41 : Nou of alle þoþerene kynedom, aȝen his non nas.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)8907 : In þis fourme icholle þat al mi god be his.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)47 : A forward fast þai bond Þat ich a man schul ioien his.
- c1390 Form Conf.(1) (Vrn)342 : Coueyte not þi neihȝebores wyf ne nout þat his is.
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)5.239 : Letten I nulle Þat vche mon schal habben his er ich henne wende.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)6479 : Þi neghbur wijf ȝerne noght at haue, Ne aght [Göt: best; Frf: gode] of his.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)1140 : For when a sawele is saȝtled & sakred to Dryȝtyn, He holly haldes hit his & have hit he wolde.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)17.291 : Ich knowe neuere..clek [read: clerk] noþer lewede, That he ne askede after hus and..coueytede Thyng þat needede hym nat.
- a1400 Pep.Gosp.(Pep 2498)80/18,19 : And Jesus hem badde þat hij ȝolden Cesar þat is was, and to God þat is was.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.(Göt Hist 740)19802 : Alle britaine hale his suld be.
- a1450(1400) Eche man be war (Dgb 102)116 : Do thou so liche eche man haue hisse.
- a1450(?c1405) Man be war of (Dgb 102)53 : Deþ claymeþ eche man for hesse [rime: sykenesse].
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)2634 : Gif þou will, þou may me wysse how lang þe kyngdome sall be hyss.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)5299 : Ilk man went away with his.
- c1475(c1450) Idley Instr.(Cmb Ee.4.37)2.A.2933 : Iustise is as moche for to sey As to yelde euery man that hisse is.
- a1500(?a1400) KEdw.& S.(Cmb Ff.5.48)628 : Þouȝ he avayle to hym his hode, Þat he will do of his.
- a1500(?a1400) Torrent (Chet 8009)1345 : Echone on theyre way paste, And euery man to his.
- a1500 Lychefelde Comp.G.(Cai 174/95)253 : And when i haue geue ech man hys, As reson is, so wyll i spende And geve my almesse that nede is.
b
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)17 : Crist..þrouwede deð for al moncun, al for ure neode nawiht for his.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)2085 : Myn herte haþ he y-raft; y-now y hadde of ioie & blys were his to me ward laft.
- a1500(?a1400) KEdw.& S.(Cmb Ff.5.48)1006 : Þan dranke þai..And played passilodion, Tille ilke man hade his.
c
- a1225(?OE) Vsp.A.Hom.(Vsp A.22)231 : Þa hit þer to com þat se hlaford into þar halle come..mid cnihten, mid þeinen, þa cweð se hlafor[d] to his.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Kath.(1) (Einenkel)1382 : Hwi ne hihe we for to beon ifulhet, as he het his [vr. hise]?
- c1230(?a1200) Ancr.(Corp-C 402)61/15 : Ant tah ne gruchede he nawt ah underueng hit eadmodliche forte learen hise.
- a1275 Louerd crist þou (Trin-C B.14.39)21 : Deet he þolede..to saue þo þat hise ben.
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)1255 : Horn him ȝede with his To þe kinges palais.
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)363/19 : Þe soutere and alle his bigonne..to bi-lieue on crist.
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)947 : He singuth þis Masse..for þe kinge and for alle his.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)9259 : He..ladde ost..aȝen þe king & his.
- a1350 Middelerd for mon (Hrl 2253)75 : He byt vs buen of hyse ant on ys ryht hond hente rowe.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))John 1.11 : He cam in to his owne thingis, and hise [L sui] receyueden not him.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.57 : Þat neuer þe Dangilde for [him] ne non of hise Suld be chalenged for man of Danes lond.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)418 : I am holy hysse [rime: blysse].
- a1400 Pep.Gosp.(Pep 2498)85/34 : Þai ne duden no werkes of pyte to hise.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.1116 : We neuer ment Harme vn-to hym nor pleinly no damage To noon of his of no maner age.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.6568 : We ar come for to do vengaunce..Vp-on Priam for wrongis don of olde By him and hyse.
- a1425(?c1375) NHom.(3) Leg.(Hrl 4196)153/106 : His for him war sare adred.
- (1440) *Capgr.St.Norb.(Hnt HM 55)2072 : Cursed be þat oure þat ȝoure Norbert was bore; He and hise, þei contrary me euyrmore.
- a1450(1408) *Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)13a : For it myȝt noȝt haue ben þat he and his schulde euermore haue bene euene of miȝt or myȝtiere þan þilke þat þey stryven wiþ.
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)3832 : Kyng Richard..Sette hym and hese [vr. hys men] at so lytyl prys.
- a1450(a1425) Mirk IPP (Cld A.2:Peacock)451 : And when my body from deth schal ryse, I leue to be wyth god and hyse.
- (a1464) Capgr.Chron.(Cmb Gg.4.12)146 : Philip sold his prisoneres; Richard hung his.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)38/99 : A shypp to make on hond to tan, Þou byd hym swyth, ffor hym and his.
- a1500(?c1378) Wycl.OPastor.(Ryl Eng 86)427 : And as anentis heresies of þe pope and his clerkis, supposen many trewe men þat he and hise ben heretikis.
- a1500(?a1400) KEdw.& S.(Cmb Ff.5.48)863 : The Kyng commaundit al his Þat no man speke to hym amysse.
- a1500(1445) ?Lydg.Marg.Entry (Hrl 3869)19 : Noe this Arke didde forge and ordeyne, Where in he and hys myght escape and passe.
d
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.2445 : And ek for worschipe of thi name Towardes othre do the same, And soffren every man have his.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Fkl.(Manly-Rickert)F.986 : I wol been his to whom that I am knyt.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)9426 : Qua herd euer spek o mare bliss, þan aghteld was adam and his?
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Job 39.16 : He is maad hard to hise briddis as if thei ben not hise.
- a1425 Alle þt thenke (LdMisc 463)p.199 : Honoure fader and moder aright..Suete Iesu..Cam into erþe fro heuene light And fette hise into heuene.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)55.274 : That Nyht Ioswe, with-Owten lettynge, betwixen hym and his was Conceyvenge and be-gat An Eyr.
e
- ?a1300 Body & S.(4) (Dgb 86)st.19 : Þer shal euch mon cnouuen his [Trin-C: hare dedis cnoue], and we shulen houre.
- a1400(?c1300) LFMass Bk.(Roy 17.B.17)619 : In mynde of god, here I me blesse; with my blessyng, god sende me hesse.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)1019 : Hor play watz passande vche prynce gomen..Vche mon tented hys, & þay two tented þayres.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)56 : And diuers othir cronykill Of cuthbert and his tell I will.
1b.
Possessive after of: (a) of ~, belonging to him; no lim of ~, none of his limbs; (b) of ~, ruled by him, related to him.
Associated quotations
a
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)54/3 : Tuo mesures makeþ be wyȝte ymad: þe mesure of wombe in oþre-manne house..þe mesure of þe purse of his.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.3004 : The Pope..scholde ryde..Unto Pontsorge, the which is A Castell in Provence of his.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Sum.(Manly-Rickert)D.2081 : An hors of his was dreynt ther inne.
- c1450(1369) Chaucer BD (Benson-Robinson)498 : Ther noo blood ys sene In no maner lym of hys.
- 1485(a1470) Malory Wks.(Caxton:Vinaver)7/37 : The duke..wente and furnysshed and garnysshed two stronge castels of his.
b
- a1425(?c1375) NHom.(3) Leg.(Hrl 4196)9/383 : Þe spous..Will gif þe grace..And I, als a seruand of his, Grauntes me to wirk als þou will wis.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)3.796 : He seith hym told is of a frend of his.
- c1450(c1425) Brut-1419 (Cmb Kk.1.12)356/9 : King Richarde made Ser Roger Walden, a clerke of his, Archebischop of Caunterbury.
2.
In other uses: (a) as object of a verb or preposition: him, himself; maugre ~, in spite of himself; (b) as obj. of v. or ppl.: it; ~ unwitting, unaware of the fact, not knowing it.
Associated quotations
a
- a1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1101 : Ða to midde sumeran ferde se cyng ut to Pefenesæ..togeanes his broðer & his þær abad.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)119/11 : Aȝeanes ðat þolede Crist þat me blindfallede his [altered to: hise].
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)4305 : And, maugre his, he [love] dos him lute.
- ?a1425 Mandev.(2) (Eg 1982)12/25 : Þe dragoun..tuke þe knyght and bare him maugree his [F maugre luy] til a cragg.
b
- a1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1115 : On þison geare send se papa Paschalis Raulfe..pallium..& he his onfeng.
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)128/12 : Þenne sceolen heo forlæten heoræ æhtæ..& heo his þenne nan þing nabbæð.
- c1175(?OE) HRood (Bod 343)6/27 : Ic wolde beon ȝyrnende..þet ic mid mine eaȝen iseon moste þet þet ic to þe wilniæn wolde; Nu bidde ic þe þurh god almihtiȝne þet ðu his me unne.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)3874 : Bisid lya al night he lai His vnwitand, til it was dai.