Middle English Dictionary Entry
hindren v.
Entry Info
| Forms | hindren v. Also hinder(e(n, hyindren. Forms: p. hindred, endered & (?error) hundrid; ppl. hindred, etc. & indird. |
| Etymology | OE hindrian |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
To cause (sb. or sth.) harm or injury; grieve (sb.); -- also intr.; ~ yen, injure (sth.); ppl. hindringe, grievous.
Associated quotations
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)193 : Þe man hindreð his agene soul..þe is gredi uppen woreld richeise.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.1572 : Bot he which hindreth every kinde..The deth comende er he be soght, Tok with this king such aqueintance.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)2.3082 : For wher he [Envie] may an other se That is mor gracious than he, It schal noght stonden in his miht Bot if he hindre such a wiht.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.913 : How hindringe is a wofull peine To him that love wolde atteigne.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.735 : For þei ne ment tresoun, harm, nor gyle, But on þe stronde to resten hem a while; To hynder no wyȝt of no maner age.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.1192 : It were pite..any man hyndre schulde or dere So worþi persones.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)1063 : Ful many a worthy man and wys Han hyndrid and ydon to dye These losengers thorough flaterye.
- (c1426) Audelay Poems (Dc 302)30/561 : Now ȝif a pore mon set hys son to Oxford to scole, Boþ þe fader and þe moder hynderyd þay schal be.
- (1433) Reg.Spofford in Cant.Yk.S.23153 : That nought be me mennes sowles sholde be hyndred either empeired.
- (1435) RParl.4.490a : The saide Marchauntz..stonden in point to bee undoone..and ye saide Royaume in commune greetly hindered and hurt.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)3.188 : Cours off Fortune nor off the sterris rede Hyndrith nothyng geyn ther felicite.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)240 : Hyndryd or harmyd: Dampnificatus. Hyndryn, idem quod Harmyn.
- a1450-a1500(1436) Libel EP (Warner)719 : God forebede that a wylde Yrishe wyrlynge Shulde be chosene for to be there kynge..And hyndere us by other londes allyaunce.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)5047 : For pes to his pepull pray will I neuer, Ne folowe on her frendship, þat me so foule hyndryt.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)9268 : A! how hard were my hert to hold hym as frend That so highly me hyndret & my hate seruet!
- c1460 Ipom.(3) (Lngl 257)331/6 : A man that has pride in his wele dooing and makes boist therof, both he displeses god and hyndres his astate.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)32/110 : It wolde me hyndyr and do me greff.
- a1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)229/28 : But a stede may hyndre, as ȝif a man be beriede in a chirche and be noȝt worþi.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)22 : Alle these thynges..ne mowe the hynder in body ne in sowle for neuer shall I make the do thynge that shal be ageyn the volente of oure lord Ihesu Cryste.
- a1500 Henley Husb.(Sln 686)43 : Loke ye geve to hym þt may bothe forder you & hynder you [F vos purret valer e greuer].
2.
(a) To bring (sb. or sth.) into ill repute; slander (sb.), vilify; -- also intr.; ~ name, damage (someone's) reputation; ~ to, injure the reputation of; ppl. hindringe, defamatory; (b) ~ to (ayenes, unto), to slander (sb.) to (sb.); lower (sb.) in the estimation of (sb.); (c) to be unjustly critical of (sth.), disparage.
Associated quotations
a
- c1390 11 Pains(3) (Vrn)254/102 : Heo ben Bacbyters of men Þat in word and dede..Hyndren heor euencristen.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.891 : These janglers..have mad me schent And hindred me fulofte time, Whan thei no cause wisten bime, Bot onliche of here oghne thoght.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.1842 : Þe swifte fame, Þat fleth so fer to hindre a lordis name.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.4364 : Ageyn oon badde ben an hundrid gode; And þouȝ som oon double be & newe, It hindreth nat to hem þat be trewe.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.4415 : Wher he mysseith of hir in any place -- To hindre wommen..Taketh noon hede.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.5765 : By bond of feiþ it shal be secre List it were hindringe to þi name.
- c1430(c1395) Chaucer LGW Prol.(2) (Benson-Robinson)250 : And of myne olde servauntes thow mysseyest And hynderest hem with thy translacyoun.
- c1430 Lydg.TG (Cmb Gg.4.27)14.3a : To seen & shape remedye On wekkede tongis..To quenche the venym of here felonye, Wher as they hyndere wemen gilteles.
- ?c1430(c1400) Wycl.Curates (Corp-C 296)157 : Þe gospel þat techeþ cristis mekenesse..is litel loued..but raþere dispised & hyndrid & maade fals bi speche of anticristis clerkis.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)4.428 : He..comaunded hym to prisoun. Which was in maner hyndryng to his name And appalled in parti his noblesse.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)2497 : Þe mare I spek him dispite & in my speche hindire [vr. endered], Þe hiȝere I here enhansed & hersude his name.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)64a : To hyndyr: derogare..peiorare [?read: peierare].
- a1500(a1450) Parton.(1) (Add 35288)10770 : She wolde for no-þing þat hindred were hir name.
- 1532(?a1405) Lydg.FCourt.(Thynne)167 : She ne may..sustene To suffre her eeres any word to here..Amysse resowning þat hynder shulde his name.
b
- c1450(?a1405) Lydg.CBK (Frf 16)206 : Yf that eny now be in this place That..hyndered were to his lady grace With false tonges.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)35/16 : He that was full of envye..thoght to goo and hyndre him first vnto Sidone.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)37/6 : He was hyndered to hir by sume fals flaterer.
- ?c1450 Knt.Tour-L.(Hrl 1764)84/25 : The pepill..purposed..to hynder his sayd wiff ayenst hym, for they loued her not bycause she was to cruell.
c
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.3496 : And þouȝe so be þat any word myssit, Amendeth it, with chere debonaire; For an errour to hyndren & appaire, Þat is not seide of purpos nor malys, It is no worshippe to hym þat is wys.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.3520 : For he þat was gronde of wel-seying In al hys lyf hyndred no makyng..Hym liste not pinche nor gruche at euery blot.
3.
To hold (sb. or sth.) back, stand in the way of, impede, obstruct; ~ fro, keep (sb.) from (sb. or sth.); ~ of, deprive (sb.) of (sth.); ~ to, prevent (sb.) from (doing sth.); -- also intr.
Associated quotations
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.1135 : Ysworn ful depe and ech of vs til oother..Neither of vs in loue to hyndre oother.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2386 : For Cassiodorie seith that it is a manere sleighte to hyndre whan he sheweth to doon a thyng openly and werketh pryuely the contrarie.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)prol.298 : For fauour only is fostered more than ryȝt, That hyndered hath many worþi knyȝt.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.1430 : Al lyth in hem to hyndren or avaunce.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.2000 : Victorie..and honour..Reserued been hooly to ȝoure hond..ȝif ȝe forþe contune And hindre nat of foly ȝoure fortune.
- (1421) Indent.Catterick in Archaeol.J.757 : Nicholas and his falaws gare..void ye stanes fro ye wherreors yt yai be not taride no Indird in yair werke.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)2117 : In thank thi servise wol I take, And high of degre I wol thee make, If wikkidnesse ne hyndre thee.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)5297 : Also if men wolen hym assayle, Of his wurshipp to make hym faile, And hyndren hym of his renoun.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)2.2334 : He was in al his lyue Besi euer to hyndren and to lette Al maner vertu & therageyn to stryue.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)240 : Hynderyn or bacchyn: Retrofacio.
- a1450(1408) *Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)117b : Þe whiche ebbynge & flowynge, somtyme hit furþereth and profiteþ schippes, & somtyme hit hyndereth & harmeth hem.
- ?a1475(a1396) *Hilton SP (Hrl 6579)1.71.50a : Many þat han þe stat and þe liknesse of pouerte arn..hyndred fro þe lufe of God.
- ?a1475(a1396) *Hilton SP (Hrl 6579)1.75.53b : Vnskilful paine of hunger..schal mikil letten þe spirit and mikil hyindren hym fro þe knowinge..of gostli þinges.
- c1425(?c1400) Wycl.Apost.(Dub 245)431 : Herfore it semeþ þat privat religiose ben hyndred bi her ordris to kepe Cristis lawe.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)64a : To hyndyr:..incomodare.
- a1500(1413) *Pilgr.Soul (Eg 615)3.4.51b : Ye tyrauntes..hynderyng the trewe quarell and farthering the fals.
- a1500(?a1450) GRom.(Hrl 7333)75 : Þere ros a clowde so derk and so thik þat hit hundrid & hit assundrid & departid him fro all þe people.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)23 : How the deuelles toke theire counseile..and how the prophetes hadden hyndred here purpos.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- c1475(c1450) ?Scrope Mirror World (Bod 283)4508 : The thirde lytil braunche is malignitee, whan..thees carterris that steleth wyne oute of tunnes and that for a certeyne draughtis the whiche theye drynke and englotte theye hynder [F honnissent] þe wyne.
Note: Mod. sense of 1., adding 'to spoil (wine)'?
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- ?c1400(1379) Daniel *Treat.Uroscopy (Roy 17.D.1)f.43ra (2.4) : Þe forsaide fumosite passeþ forþ about to the instrumentez of þe 5 wyttes, s. to þe eris, to þe eyȝen, & al þat oþer, & dulleþ & hendreþ & distempereþ and indisposeþ hem.
Note: Additional quot. New spelling (pr. 3 sg.): hendreþ.