Middle English Dictionary Entry
araisen v.
Entry Info
Forms | araisen v. Also ar(r)eisen, ar(r)ezen. |
Etymology | Cp. raisen & arēren. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) To raise (sth.) upright or to a higher level; set on high, bear aloft; lift up, rear; ~ up; (b) to rise to an upright position or to a higher level; -- intr. or refl.
Associated quotations
a
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)4342 : Bremly his bristeles he [the werwolf] gan þo areise.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))John 3.14 : It bihoueth mannus sone for to be areysid vp.
- c1400 *Chaucer Astr.(Brussels 4869)[2.2] 84b : Loke thanne how many degrees thi rule is araysed [vr. areised] fro the litel crois vpon the est lyne.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.3927 : Oute of þe erþe in erbe and euery tree Schad in þe braunchis his humydite, Areised only with þe sonnys hete.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)5.m.5.25 : Thou..hast areised thi forheved to beren up an hy thi corage.
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)2180 : He wolde noght the vp areyse or rere.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)492 : With spere a-reised.
- c1500(?a1437) ?Jas.I KQ (SeldArch B.24)st.75 : I was araisit vp in-to the aire.
b
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)4.m.1.10 : The swifte thoght..areyseth hym into the houses that beren the sterres.
- c1425 Found.St.Barth.22/20 : They areysyd vp from ther prayer.
- ?c1425 Chaucer Bo.(Cmb Ii.3.21)4.pr.1.21 : I shal fycchen fetheres in thi thowht by whiche it may areysen [vr. arisen] in heyhte.
2.
~ banere ayenes, revolt against; ~ ayenes, rise in hostility against.
Associated quotations
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)290a/a : Þe leoun..arayseþ [Caxton: aresith] aȝeins þe leonesse þat breketh spous and punyscheþ hire wel sore.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)7649 : Swych men areysen baner Aȝens holy cherches power.
3.
To rear (a structure, a mound), erect (a building).
Associated quotations
- c1425 Found.St.Barth.13/35 : Almen grettly were astonyd..of the nouelte of the areysid frame.
- (1448) in Willis & C.Cambridge 1355 : That the water atte Baldewyne brigge be turned ouerthwart..And the grounde betwene the same diche and the College arreised of a grete height.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)485/28 : The forsaid Symond and luce..shold lifte vp and make a chamber of stonys..And yf..[they] did not leuy or aroise and made the forsaid chambre [etc.].
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)57 : He..a-reised his brothers tombe moche hier than eny of the tother.
- a1500 *Nicod.(4) (Hrl 149:Hulme)258a : He seyth that he may destroye the temple and wythyn thre dayes areyse yt ageyn.
4.
To raise (sb.) from death to life; to resurrect.
Associated quotations
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)14363 : Soone ouer al þis tiþing ras, þat lazar þus areysed [Vsp: vpraisid; Frf: rescowed; Göt: resusced] was.
- ?a1475(?a1425) Higd.(2) (Hrl 2261)4.461 : This Iulianus..areysede from dethe to lyfe thre dedde men.
- a1500 *Nicod.(4) (Hrl 149:Hulme)269a : How that he arreysed hem from the dethe.
- a1500 *Nicod.(4) (Hrl 149:Hulme)270a : For to arreyse vp the body of Adam and the bodyes of holy men.
5.
To elevate (sb., oneself) in rank, station, honor, or fortune.
Associated quotations
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)4361 : She [Fortune] can areise that doth morne, And whirle adown..Who sittith hyest.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)7192 : Þe more þat þey hym preysed, Þe more he þem vp areysed.
- c1450(1410) Walton Boeth.(Lin-C 103)p.233 : Only vertu and goodnesse Abouen manhode may a man arayse.
- (a1460) DSPhilos.(Helm)227/31 : In asmoche as a man is areysed in-to gretter lordship thanne anothir.
- (a1460) DSPhilos.(Helm)289/19 : He that areyseth himself in a gretter estate thanne longeth vnto him.
- c1475 Guy(1) (Cai 107/176)1230 : So that in age he may bee preised, And so to honour to bee arreised.
6.
To elevate, exalt (thought).
Associated quotations
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)5.pr.6.340 : Areise thi corage to ryghtful hopes; yilde thou humble preieres an heygh.
- a1450(?1348) Rolle FLiving (Cmb Dd.5.64)116/19 : A gastely dede of fleschly affeccions, thorow Þe joy of a raysed [Thrn: Araysede] thoght.
- c1450(1410) Walton Boeth.(Lin-C 103)p.216 : The hyest heuen he leueth hym behynde, Til þat he haue araysed vp his þoght A-none to hym þat auctour is of kynde.
7.
~ to the hevene (sonne), extol or praise to high heaven.
Associated quotations
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.3074 : Alle þat were present Be-gan attonys..his manhod to þe heuene areyse.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)2.pr.6.4 : What schal I seye of dignytes and of powers, the whiche ye men, that neither knowen verray dignyte ne verray power, areysen hem as heyghe as the hevene?
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)1525 : This Ercules hath so this Jason preysed, That to the sonne he hath hym up areysed.
8.
(a) To bring (sth.) into existence, stir up; incite; (b) to bring (desire) to fulfillment; (c) to evoke (the devil); (d) to draw up (a business account).
Associated quotations
a
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)3342 : Gretly þey synne yn þer queyntyse Þat nouelrye al day areyse.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)4.m.2.12 : Ire, that areyseth in hem the floodes of trowblynges.
- (1462) in Rymer's Foedera (1709-10)11.484 : Suche Werres as the..Prynce..shall move or arreise..in Scotlande.
- c1483(?a1450) OT in Caxton Gold.Leg.(Caxton)f.81va : Who be ye that tempte the Lord God? Thys worde is not so [read: to] styre God to mercy but rather to areyse wrath & wodenes.
- 1532-1897(c1385) Usk TL (Thynne:Skeat)100/45 : Newe stormes [of] debat to arayse.
- 1532(?a1400) RRose (Thynne)7539 : Your wicked thought..on the folk areyseth blame.
b
- (a1460) DSPhilos.(Helm)17/15 : Adresse alle youre desires to God, and thanne he shal areise hem and helpe you.
c
- c1425 Treat.10 Com.(StJ-O 94)13 : For to arayse þe deuille.
d
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)1677 : He has araysede his accownte and redde all his rollez, For he wyll gyfe a rekenyng.
9.
(a) To stir up, incite (people) to action, esp. to hostile action or rebellion; (b) to muster (people) as troops.
Associated quotations
a
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)7159 : We wole a puple upon hym areyse, And thurgh oure gile done hym seise.
- c1450(1410) Walton Boeth.(Lin-C 103)p.27 : And if þat þay..Arayse an ost wiþ strengþe and vs assetteth.
- (1453) Proc.Privy C.6.162 : Gaderinges of people..ye hadde made and arraised ayenst oure pees.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)680/2 : Thus to areyse people agaynste youre kynge.
- a1525(1470) Rebell.Lin.(ArmsV 435)12 : To arreise the people, that theire stirring shulde be ayenst the king.
- a1605(c1471) Arriv.Edw.IV in Camd.1 (Hrl 543)23 : They sent alabout..for to arredy and arays the people by a certayne day..they would gather and arrays up the powere of Devonshire and Cornewaile.
b
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)633/9 : At the londynge he areysed the peple pryvayly and hastyly.
- a1525(1470) Rebell.Lin.(ArmsV 435)7 : The king..sent vnto the saide duc..his severall comissions for to arreise the people in diverse shires..to doo hym service.
10.
To levy or collect (a tax, fine, fee, etc. from a person or property).
Associated quotations
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.567 : For to yeuen conseil to areysen wrongful custumes and taillages.
- (1429) RParl.4.342b : Tweyne hole Quinszismes and Dismes, severally to be paied and araised of ye moeble goodes of ye laye poeple..Quinzisme and Disme..to been arezed and paied atte ye Fest of ye Nativite.
- ?1435 Lond.Chron.Jul.(Jul B.2)31 : The same goodes that have so ben areysed have nat ben spendyd to the profyte..off his Rewme.
- c1436 Ipswich Domesday(2) (Add 25011)113 : The ballyves shul areysyn the dette.
- (1443) Will Finch(1) in Archaeol.Cant.13 (Add 5516)322 : To Isabell my thoghther cc markes..To be areised of all my londes.
- (1444) RParl.5.110b : Dyvers Shirrefs..be colour of Writtes directed unto thayme for to arreze the wages of the Knyghtes of the Shires..have areised moch more money than hath ben due unto the seide Knyghtes.
- (?1445) Will York in Sur.Soc.30154 : Certeyn feffez arn seysed by fines arraised in the kynges court.
- (1461) RParl.5.494a : Auctorite to..arraise or levee any fynes or amerciamentz.
- (1463) Will Kent in Archaeol.Cant.11378 : To Margaret, my suster, x marcs..as it may resonabely be had and a reysyde of my landes & tenementes.
11.
(a) To raise (a siege); (b) to force (a besieger) to abandon the siege.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)1228/31 : Kynge Arthure had areysed the syge frome sir Launcelot.
b
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)202 : He hadde not peple in his reame sufficient to a-reyse hem fro the sege, ne to chase hem oute of his reame.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)314 : For to go a-reise the kynge Rion be-fore the Citee of nablaise, where he lay at sege.
12.
Cook. To lift or cut off (wings, legs of a fowl); also, carve, slice.
Associated quotations
- a1475 Russell Bk.Nurt.(Hrl 4011)418 : Feysaunt, partriche, plouer, & lapewynk, y yow say, areyse þe whynges furst.
- a1475 Russell Bk.Nurt.(Hrl 4011)426 : Thus ye must þem [fowl] vnlace & in thus manere: areyse þe leggis, [etc.].
- a1475 Russell Bk.Nurt.(Hrl 4011)450 : Þan with youre knyfe areyse þe sides [of a rabbit] alonge þe chyne Alone.