Middle English Dictionary Entry
hāte n.
Entry Info
Forms | hāte n. Also hat(te, ate. |
Etymology | Prob. from OE hatian v.; also cp. OI hatr. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. hete n.(2).
1.
(a) An emotion of hate or extreme anger, hatred; also the deadly sin of wrath; ben in ~, to be hated; haven in (at, to) ~, haven ~ to (ayenes, unto), hate (sb.); (b) hate personified; (c) an expression of hate, hateful words; an act prompted by hatred; hostility, fighting; an attack, injury, wrong; punishment; godes ~, God's wrath, punishment for sin; haven ~, to suffer injuries or wrongs; ben founden at ~, be exposed to condemnation; (d) in prov.; (e) an object of hatred; (f) the condition of being filled with hatred.
Associated quotations
a
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1580 : Hate was in hise herte brogt.
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)411 : To alle men ffor my name in hate ȝe shulleþ beo.
- ?c1335 Þe grace of god (Hrl 913)128 : He nas noȝt to ham lef; Hi had to him grete hate.
- c1350(a1333) Shoreham Poems (Add 17376)81/54 : Þar wytnesses false and fele By-lowen hyne for hate.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)29/26,27 : Þe þridde heaued of þe beste is hate [Vices & V.(2): ire, þat is wraþþe]. Ac þou sselt ywyte þet þer is an hate þet is uirtue, þet þe guode man heþ aye þet kuead. An oþre þet is zenne wel grat, þet is felhede of herte.
- c1375(?c1280) SLeg.Advent,etc.(Eg 1993)105/1031 : Whi slowe þu for hate of him þe children þat gultles were?
- (c1375) Chaucer CT.Mk.(Manly-Rickert)B.3778,3783 : Goddes peple hadde he moost in hate..Vn to the Iewes swich an hate [vr. hatte] hadde he That he bad greithe his chaar ful hastily.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Ps.118.113 : Wicke men to hate I hadde.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Bod 959)Deut.19.4 : He þat smyteþ his neiȝbor vnwytynge & þat ȝerstynday..noon aȝeyns hym to haue had haate [WB(2): hatered] is preuyd.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Amos 5.10 : Thei hadden in hate [L Odio habuerunt] the repreuynge man in the ȝate.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mark 13.13 : Ȝe schulen be in hate [vr. hatrede] to alle men.
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)3.136 : Heo..hongeþ him for hate [B: hatred] þat harmede neuere.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.306 : Of this cometh hate of synne, that destroyeth synne.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)19a/a : Euel angelis..fil out of liȝt in to derknes, out of konnynge in to vnkonnynge, out of loue in to hate & enuye.
- a1400 Cursor (Frf 14)5086 : I pray to me hate ȝe haue nane.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)476 : He gan with oon debate, To whoom he hadde specyaly grete hate.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)1.477 : But for non hate he to the Grekes hadde..Ne made hym thus in armes for to madde.
- a1425(a1400) Paul.Epist.(Corp-C 32)Rom.9.13 : I luffede Iacob, and I hadde at hate [L odio habui] Esau.
- c1430(c1395) Chaucer LGW Prol.(2) (Benson-Robinson)331 : In youre court is many a losengeour..That tabouren in youre eres many a thyng For hate or for jelous ymagynyng.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)158 : Alle þei hadde hym in hate for his holy werkes.
- c1450(c1350) Alex.& D.(Bod 264)961 : Ȝe han hertely hate to oure hole peple.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)4989 : We haue þe in hate as our hede ffoo.
- c1460 Oseney Reg.131/21 : And þe witnesses that Be i-called, if they þem-selfe for grace, hate, or drede, withdrawe them, By þe same censure..ȝe constrayne to Bare witnesse.
- c1425(?c1400) Wycl.Apol.(Dub 245)66 : A prest assoiling a feyner synniþ deadly..weþer he do it of luf or hat or drede.
- a1500 Methodius(3) (Stw 953)7 : Hethen men to hym had hate.
b
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.845 : Of Wraththe yit ther is an other, Which is to Cheste his oghne brother, And is be name cleped Hate.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.955 : For Hate is evere upon await..as the fisshere on his bait.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)147 : Amydde saugh I Hate stonde, That for hir wrathe, yre, and onde, Semede to ben a moveresse, An angry wight, a chideresse.
c
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)102/22 : We sceolon yfelræ mannæ hate & heora niþæs ðuldelice forberæn.
- a1225 PMor.(Eg 613(2))276 : Þer is muchel godes hate end muchel godes eorre.
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)20441 : Her was honger an hate at euereche manmes [read: mannes] ȝeate.
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)21893 : Þou hauest..oure men islawe mid hunger and mid hate.
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)1633 : Ȝe ne habbez hate of no man bote for me.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)373 : And nið and strif and ate and san Sal ben bi-twen neddre and wimman.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Ps.35.3 : For treccherousli he dide in his siȝte, that his wickidnesse be founden at hate [L ut inveniatur iniquitas ejus ad odium].
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.1671 : Oure appetites..Be it of werre or pees or hate or loue, Al is this ruled by the sighte aboue.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2397 : Thanne shaltow considere what thyng shal folwe..as hate, pees, werre, grace, profit, or damage.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)prol.1075 : He myhte availe in many a stede To make pes wher now is hate.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)714 : Þenne arȝed Abraham..For hope of þe harde hate þat hyȝt hatz oure Lorde.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.3615 : He in meschef and in wrechednesse Made eke an ende þoruȝ þe cruel hate Of fel Mars.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)1.pr.4.112 : I putte me ayens the hates and indignacions of the accusour Cyprian.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)2.m.5.26 : Ne blood ischad by egre hate ne hadde nat deyed yit armures.
- c1430(c1395) Chaucer LGW Prol.(2) (Benson-Robinson)23 : Thanne mote we..trowen on these olde aproved storyes Of holynesse, of regnes, of victoryes, Of love, of hate, of othere sondry thynges.
- c1450(c1380) Chaucer HF (Benson-Robinson)1964 : And over alle the houses angles Ys ful of rounynges..Of love, of hate, acord, of stryf.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)1818 : Pelleus..Priam reprouyt as a pure fole, With hethyng and hate as hys hegh wordes.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)11934 : Grekes..Brentyn and betyn doun all the big houses..Buernes in hor bednes britnet all naked, Þat hedit no harme, ne no hate þoght.
- a1500 Rolle Mend.L.(Wor F.172)43 : Enemyte, haate, and bakbityng gladly thow shalt suffre.
d
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)8321 : Hofte hit his b valle [read: bivalle]..þat after hate comeþ loue.
- a1450 Gener.(1) (Mrg M 876)9409 : Oft men seyn, 'aftre hate strong, Grete loue fele folk among.'
e
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.137 : For youre synne ye ben woxen thral and foul and membres of the feend, hate of aungels, sclaundre of holy chirche.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.285 : O thou my frend, o thou my fo, O thou my love, o thou myn hate, For thee mot I be ded algate.
f
- a1425(a1400) Titus & V.(Pep 2014)761 : Everyche man þat lyueþ in hate May be lyckened to Pylate.