Middle English Dictionary Entry
abrōd(e adv.(1)
Entry Info
Forms | abrōd(e adv.(1) Also abrade, obrode, obrade. |
Etymology | From on brōd(e. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. o brede, s.v. brede n.(2).
1.
(a) So as to cover a wide space; out, wide, open; drawen ~, maken ~, spreden ~, etc., to spread (sth.) out, stretch out, extend; holden ~, hold (sth.) open or wide; spreden (waxen) ~, become broader, spread out; (b) so as to be scattered over a large area, widely; skateren (spreden, throwen) ~, scatter (sth.) widely; also fig.; (c) in all parts of something, throughout.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.Jas.(LdMisc 108)136 : Þe ston bi-gan to wexe abrod and holuȝ bi-cam a-midde.
- 1381 Pegge Cook.Recipes (Dc 257)122 : Tak Pikys and spred hem abord.
- c1390 Talking LGod (Vrn)50/25 : Þi Ioyntes sturten out of liþ..þi woundes ritten abrod, forgoled so wyde.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.6891 : Hire kertell and hire mantel eke Abrod upon his bed he spredde.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Sq.(Manly-Rickert)F.441 : To the tree she goth..And heeld hir lappe abrood.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)74b/b : Þe stomak is ouer fillid and is strett a brood.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)199a/b : Anoþer maner of bras..is ybete abrode in to þinne plates.
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)53/14 : Aboue þe wounde leie terebentine I-waischen & drawen abrood bitwene two lynnen clooþis.
- ?a1425(a1415) Wycl.Lantern (Hrl 2324)52/13 : Nettis þat ben spradde abrood.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.2587 : Þe pecock..with his feþeris schene Splayed abrod as a large sail.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.4460 : In grete fyres þat abrod so sprede.
- a1425(?a1350) Nicod.(1) (Glb E.9)92 : Childer byfore him in þe gate spred þaire clothes obrade.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)28/24 : Þat ryuere..whanne it floweth, it may spreden abrood þorgh the contree.
- ?c1430 Wycl.PSacr.(Corp-C 296)222 : I schal..sprede abrood upon ȝoure face þe..dirt of ȝoure solempnyte.
- c1440 Bonav.Medit.(3) (Thrn)206 : He was thus sprede o-brode one þe crosse.
- c1450(a1449) Lydg.SSecr.(Sln 2464)151 : By ther marcial magnanymyte To sprede a brood ther domynacyouns.
- c1450(c1400) Sultan Bab.(Gar 140)190 : He bare a Chek of goulis clere, An Egle of goolde abrode displayed.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)106/21 : He bad hym hald obrade his skyrte.
- ?c1450 Stockh.PRecipes (Stockh 10.90)124/12 : Þanne take clene flax, and make it abrood lyke a playstir.
- (a1475) Recipe Painting(2) in Archaeol.J.1 (Sln 73)154 : Sprede it abrod on papere leves.
b
- c1300 SLeg.Cross (LdMisc 108)526 : Þat blod sprong on him anon-riȝt al a-brod.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)9791 : Þe brain orn al abrod in þe pauiment.
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)77.50 : He sende into hem hounde-fleȝes, and ete hem; and þe frosche, and he sprad hem abrode.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Mat.12.30 : He that gadrith nat to gidre with me, scatrith abrood.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)4.341 : Men to-schedde his boones and þrewe hem abrode [L disperserunt].
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)5.179 : Iulianus drouȝ out þe blood of his seide and þrewe it abrood.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)14.60 : Þorw his breth bestes wexen and abrode ȝeden.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.2862 : Þanne schulde he [the plowman] neuer, in vale nor in pleyn..þrowe abrod his greyne.
- a1425(a1382) WBible(1) (Corp-O 4)Gen.28.14 : Thi seed shal be as the powdre of the erthe; thow shalt be sprad abrode to the est, and west, and north, and sowth.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)74/35 : Now þere is not but a lytill village & houses a brood here & þere.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)7.5 : Chaf..they take..& trete Hit euen playn abrood.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)718 : & alle a-brod on þe burwe blewen þe powder.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)1883 : Þe wynde fast blawe, Þe thak brennand it blew o brade.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)272 : The saisnes..spredde a-brode in the contrey to forry.
c
- a1400 Lanfranc (Ashm 1396)26/2 : It is a maner veyne..and þerfore he is þe more obedient to be drawe abrood þoruȝ out alle þe lungis.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)1898 : The oynement wente abrod, Thourghout my woundes..It spredde aboute in every side.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)1047 : Þe blode bygan to spred abrode in þe vaynes.
2.
(a) So as to be known or practiced by many people, far and wide; (b) so as not to be concealed, openly; seien (speken) ~, speak openly or aloud.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)1764 : Þe lettres..to Engelond he sende to don þe sentence al abrod.
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)605 : Hi dude [vr. schewid] hare clannesse al a-brod, & tolde men al þat soþ.
- c1400 Who-so loueth endeles (Sim)28 : Haue þe tonge onus told hit [a lesyng] oute, A-brod þen schal hit sprynge & sprede.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.5812 : In hert he brent as any glede, Makyng þe sklaundre al abrood to sprede.
- (1443) Reg.Spofford in Cant.Yk.S.23254 : Good and sturyng precheris of Goddes word to go abrode in your diocise.
- c1450(c1405) Mum & S.(2) (Add 41666)1575 : This..custume..bringeth a bitter byworde a-brode among þe peuple.
- a1500 Methodius(3) (Stw 953)102 : Ouyr all erde þer men were A-brode, was spred þan lecherye.
b
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.953 : Þis was þe speche..In euery strete..Somme rovnyng & somme spak a-brood.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.4977 : A purpose cast shuld nat be..spoke abrood amonges folkes rude.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)1165 : Hit was broȝt vp abrode & þe bourd aspyed.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)2525 : Than Troilus..Brake Sylense belyue and abrode saide.
3.
At a distance from each other, apart.
Associated quotations
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)2039 : His felawes euerechone heore Armes a-brod caste.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Prov.20.19 : To hym that openeth priuetes..and spredeth abrod his lippis, ne be thou togidere mengd.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)2.179 : And he strecche out his armes and hondes abrood.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.3102 : Hire wynges bothe abrod sche spradde.
- a1400 O Blissed god (Bod 850)18 : Thowe spreddist thyn armes all abrode to take me to mercy.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)10.143 : In hope to sitten at euen by þe hote coles, Vnlouke hus legges abrod, oþer lygge at hus ese.
- a1425 LFMass Bk.(Cmb Gg.5.31)239 : Þe prest..wyll sprede his armes obrade.
- a1425 Methodius(1) (Hrl 1900)109/15 : He schal strecche abrode his hondes to heuene.
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)70/19 : Þan sche fel down..spredyng hir armys abrode.
- 1447 Bokenham Sts.(Arun 327)4551 : Anneys..demurely hir handys a-brood spredyng..made hyr preyere.
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)1088 : Þe lyoun was hungry..Abrod [vr. one brede] he Spredde alle hys powes.
- c1475 Wisd.(Folg V.a.354)1106 : My handys sprede a-brode to halse þe swyre.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)124/5 : Wyth hys armes sprad abrod.
4.
(a) Out of doors, out of one's house, away from home; (b) at a distance, to a distance, afar; also fig.
Associated quotations
a
- ?c1335 Þe king of heuen (Hrl 913)69 : Apan is muk he sit abrode, He þat þus doþ mid is gode.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)2.176 : To bere bischopes aboute abrode in visytynge.
- (1460) Let.Warw.in EHR 37545 : My lady Vervyk comys botte lytell a brode, bot kepys her allway yn the Castell.
b
- (a1438) MKempe A (Add 61823)31/16 : Þe sunne schynyth al abrod þat many man may se it.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)37.679 : Estward..lokeden they there Ful fer Abrod Into the Se.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)42.81 : Nasciens that In the se was Abrod.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Merlin (Corp-C 80)20250 : The meyne of Arauns..abrod jn the contre maden here semblyng.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)3/4 : Oþire trouþis..ben dressid into þe seid vij maters, from her oute of reule abrood raging.
5.
Across the breadth of something, from one side to the other.
Associated quotations
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)2146 : Þis luþere men..smiten seint thomas In þe scolle, riȝt euene abrod þare is croune was.
6.
In breadth, of breadth.
Associated quotations
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)4166 : Flaggis of þe fell snawe..Þat was abrade..as battis ere of woll.
7.
In a broad view, broadly, generally.
Associated quotations
- (c1454) Pecock Fol.(Roy 17.D.9)14/5 : In which [book]..is sett forþ abrood, what in wey of parfitist doctrine schulde go bifore þe þrid chapitre.
- c1475(c1445) Pecock Donet (Bod 916)135/5 : It schal opene abrood þe foorme of þe seid x comaundementis.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- c1475 Yale-BA.Artist.Recipes (Yale-BA R486.M43 1450) 89/27 : Ley hit abrode vppon a skyne of parchement to dry in the sonne.
- a1500 Trin-C.R.14.45 Recipes (Trin-C R.14.45) 123/33 : Ley hit on þy skynne on thre places or on foure, and þanne stroke hit al abrode with þe pawme of thyn honde.
Note: Additional quotes, sense 1.(a).