Middle English Dictionary Entry
grith n.
Entry Info
Forms | grith n. Also girth, griþþe, grid, grit, gright, griht, griethe, greth(e, greithe & (early dat.pl.) griðen & (errors) gricthe, griutha. |
Etymology | LOE griþ, from ON; cp. OI grið. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) The peace of a nation or society, law and order; fig. the peace resulting from the observation of God's will; breken (fordon) ~, to disturb the peace, break the law; holden (maken, setten) ~, maintain general peace, establish law and order; (b) ~ and frith, pes and ~, peace, law and order; also fig.
Associated quotations
a
- 1130-35(OE) Leges Edw.Conf.in Liebermann Gesetze 1654 : Grith [vrr. grid, grit, griht] Anglico, quod est pax Latine..facere grith [vr. griutha], i.e. pacem.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)pref.60 : Jesu..Iss wiss..þatt sette griþþ on erþe Bitwenenn Godd & menn.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)4035 : Þa aræste here vnfriðe, ouer al me brac þene grið.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)4254 : He makede swulc grið.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)179 : Ȝif he net him to ȝiuene, þat beoð..refloc and brecð grið.
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)1005 : Þat lond is grislich & unuele; Þe men boþ wilde & unisele; Hi nabbeþ noþer griþ ne sibbe.
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)1369 : Wepne beoþ gode griþ to halde..Ah neoþeles þar mide beoþ men acwalde.
- ?a1300(a1250) Harrow.H.(Dgb 86)116 : I shal speken þe wiþ, Þat wel shaltou holde griþ [vr. gryht].
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)21637 : He sette griþ swiþe god þat þar after lange stod.
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)61 : Þanne was engelond at hayse; Michel..held so englond in grith!
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)710 : Of all thinges þat we here se..War o gretter strengh and pith, Ar adam had fordon þe grith.
b
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)pref.87 : He sette griþþ & friþþ Bitwenenn heffne & erþe, Bitwenenn Godd & menn.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)3380 : Upponn eorþe griþþ & friþþ, þurrh Godess mildheorrtnesse.
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)13 : Murðhe sculen wunian on lond þet bið on griðe and on friðe under mire onwalde.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)11384 : He wuneden seoððen here inne griðe & inne friðe.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.60 : Þei halp him at þare myght to maynten pes & grith.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)2775 : He stabled swylk pes & gryth, & wyþ his sel confermed wyþ, Þat ylka temple & ilk cite Schold haue & holde þys dignite.
- a1500(?a1400) Firumb.(2) (Fil)1503 : He schal suffre thy londe in pees and in gryþe.
- a1500 When thonder comeþ (Cmb Ff.5.48)60 : If þou here any þonder In þe moneth of December, We shal þorow þe grace of oure Lorde Haue pees and gyrþe, goode acorde.
2.
(a) Cessation of fighting; absence of hostility, peace; breken ~, to breach the truce; crien ~, proclaim peace; maken (iworchen) ~, make peace (with sb.); pes (saughtnesse) and ~, peace and concord; (b) amity, good will, friendship, peace; pes (saughtnesse) and ~, amity and accord; (c) freedom from disturbance, security; (d) ?silence; ben in ~, be silenced.
Associated quotations
a
- a1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1070 : On morgen comen ealle þa ut lega mid fela scipe..þa munecas comen heom to geanes, beaden heom grið.
- a1225(?OE) Vsp.A.Hom.(Vsp A.22)243 : S[t]range bieð þes ifo..wið wam we ne muȝe grið ne sibbe macie.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)28967 : Moniane kinge he faht wið, and alle heo ȝirnden his grið.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)28995 : Heo wolden wið hine grið iwurchen.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)31370 : Penda..seide þat he wolde..makeȝen sehtnesse and grið.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)31393 : Ȝif Penda þat grið breke, þat ure drihten hit awreke.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)469 : Wopen of wigte and tol of grið.
- c1330 St.Greg.(Auch)111/580 : Þe doukes ost we shal aseyle Þat ne loueþ no peys no griþ.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)3092 : Ȝif ȝee willen helden hym wiþ, Ȝee shullen habbe pes and griþ.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Merlin (Corp-C 80)5885 : He ful pes and gryth Wyle make to this lady.
- c1450(a1375) Octav.(2) (Clg A.2)1786 : Yn France plener pes was cryde and gryþ.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)80/54 : Byd hym go hastely..youre gyrth & peasse to cry.
b
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)5725 : Þe seoffnde seollþess ædiȝleȝȝc Iss griþþ i manness herrte.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)5746 : Himm birrþ þræpenn aȝȝ wiþþ skill Onnȝæness alle sinness, & shæwenn þohh sahhtnesse & griþþ, Ȝet forrþenn toward ifell mann.
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)45 : Ne beo in hire naþing iwrat bute chirche bisocnie..and eoten and drinken mid griðe and mid gledscipe.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)13803 : Uortiger..axede..ȝif heo grið sohten and of his freond scipe rohten.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)4604 : He com..to speke him wiþ Mani word of loue & griþ.
- a1425(?a1350) Nicod.(1) (Glb E.9)1018 : At þi cuming, Iosep, be pese and grith [vr. grethe; rime: withe].
- a1425(a1400) Titus & V.(Pep 2014)28/1397 : Sche preyed him in pees and gryþe, That he wolde come and speke hyr wiþ.
- a1450 SLeg.Suppl.Bod.(Bod 779)380/73 : Ȝif iulian is þy lord, wit him haue pes & griþ.
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)2246 : He..grette Kynge Rycharde in pease and gryth.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)7/200 : Þis gle in gryth is mater of myrth.
c
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)511 : Yif y late him liues go, He micte me wirchen michel wo. Grith ne get y neuere mo.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)600 : Þe blod to þe is tresore riche; Were ȝour werk ysmerd þer wiþ, Euer it wold stond in griþ.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)8224 : Þai ladde hem wiþ & left þer stille in pais & griþ Mani day at Bedinham.
d
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)4523 : Bot sone þer bost was al in griþ, Whan sire Iulius had spoken hem wyþ.
3.
(a) Protection; shelter, refuge; safety; safe conduct; also fig.; gon to ~, to take shelter in (a house), enter; (b) law kinges hand selde (seldre) ~, protection given by the king's writ with limitations of person, time, and place.
Associated quotations
a
- (1100) Chart.St.Paul in RHS ser.3.5820 : Ic habbe geunnan Maurice bisceope..& ealle þa gricthe þe into þam cristendome gebyrað on minan lande.
- a1121 Peterb.Chron.(LdMisc 636)an.1070 : Yware..ferde sona ær dæg to þone abbot Turolde and sægde him þet he sohte his griðe.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)560 : Noe and hise ðre sunen..And here foure wifes woren hem wið; ðise viij hadden in ðe arche grið.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)1397 : Eliezer..fond good grið and good hostel, Him, and hise men, and hise kamel.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)3891 : He..saw it geyned no griþ to go him no nere; as bliue with his baner he gan awei flene.
- c1390 Castle Love(1) (Vrn)702 : Neuer schal fo him stonde wiþ þat þider wol flen to sechen griþ.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)658 : Þis tre haf i don in frith For i wil þat it haf mi grith.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)1712 : Ȝee sal alsua tak ȝow with Beist and fouxul þat sal haue grith.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)4592 : Wel has he warnist þe..Agains þe wa to gette grith.
- a1425(?c1375) NHom.(3) Leg.(Hrl 4196)136/368 : Saint Mathew..had gifen hir grith.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)3659 : We ar..Wey-farende men þat wolde haue gryþ.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)131/150 : To come and goo I graunte yow grith.
- a1450(a1425) Mirk IPP (Cld A.2:Peacock)1581 : Agayn enuye, loue ys gryth.
- c1475(c1450) Idley Instr.(Cmb Ee.4.37)2.B.794 : Her leemys roted anon forthwith..Of lechecraft they cowde gete no grith.
- c1450(c1400) Emare (Clg A.2)597 : And also vpon ȝour owene lyfe, Lette her haue no gryght.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)214/320 : The house that he gose to grith, Ye shall folow and go hym with.
- a1500 RHood & M.(Cmb Ff.5.48)st.86 : I gaf hem grith..Thorowout all mery Inglond.
b
- 1130-35(OE) Leges Edw.Conf.in Liebermann Gesetze 1637 : Pax regis multiplex est: Alia data manu sua, quam Angli uocant kinges hand s[ea]lde [vrr. sealder, sealdre] grið.
4.
(a) Sanctuary; haven (taken) ~ of, to seek protection of (the Church); also, the right of the Church to provide sanctuary for a fugitive; also, the sanctuary of the temple in Jerusalem; (b) ~ man, a fugitive who had taken sanctuary; also, as surname; ~ place (toun), a place or town where fugitives could seek asylum; ~ prest, the priest who ministered to fugitives who sought sanctuary in the church; ~ rod, one of the banners carried by the grithmen before the feretory in processions at Rogation-tide; ~ ston, ?a stone marking the area within which the church had the right of providing sanctuary. [See also chirche ~.]
Associated quotations
a
- a1300(?c1150) Prov.Alf.(Jes-O 29)81/87 : Þat þe chireche habbe gryþ. And þe cheorl beo in fryþ.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)8829 : Þis tre þai tok..And did in wirscip and in pes, In þat hali temple grith.
- c1450 Brut-1434 (Cmb Hh.6.9)442/33 : He bar a-way all that sche hadde, And after toke girth of holy church at Saint Georges in Suthwerk.
- a1450 Form Excom.(1) (Cld A.2)63 : Alle þat draweth any man owte of holy chirche..þat is flowon þer-to to haue grythe þer-off, þat is, of holy chirch.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)5074 : Gif menslaers and robbours haue here gyrth and socours, þai wil dryue vs to scorne.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)5110 : All þaes þat were þe gyrth maste faes..To cuthbert toumbe þai come all ane.
b
- (1228) Mem.Ripon in Sur.Soc.7451 : Quod idem capitulum..habeat pacem Et infra portam cimiterii, et locum qui vocatur Grythstane.
- (1279) Assize R.Nhb.in Sur.Soc.88378 : Thomae Grethman.
- (1297) Sub.R.Yks.in YASRS 16151 : Paulinus Grithman.
- (1342) Mem.Ripon in Sur.Soc.7480 : Assignavimus magnificum principem..Edwardum de Balliolo regem Scociæ ad omnes homines vocatos grithmen.
- (1391) Mem.Ripon in Sur.Soc.81105 : In dec. firm. alterius cameræ dudum in tenura domini Johannis vocati le Grithpreste hoc anno 2 s.
- a1450 WBible(2) (Corp-C 147)Deut.19.3 : Of nyȝ a grith place.
- a1450 WBible(2) (Corp-C 147)Deut.19.6 marg. : Fro the grith toun.
- (1471) Act Ripon in Sur.Soc.64151 : Johannes Eksmyth, gyrthman, fecit funem ij s., applicatum fabricæ ecclesiæ pro portacione le gyrthrod.
5.
(a) Mercy, clemency; pardon; haven ~, of a person: to obtain mercy, be spared; of a game animal: be spared; yeven ~, show (sb.) mercy, pardon (sb.), spare (a game animal); withouten ~, mercilessly; (b) God's grace, favor, or mercy; godes ~; grace (gre) and ~; also, the favor of a pagan god.
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)23998 : Heot þas Rom-wæren..mid griðen liðen heonne.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)26075 : Lauerd, lauerd, ȝef me grið! wha is þat me fihteð wið?
- c1330(?c1300) Bevis (Auch)203/4307 : Þe king wolde haue ȝeue him griþ; þe stiward seide nay þer wiþ.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)3927 : He..his wepun vp toȝelde..& William..graunted him griþ.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)3.1847 : Forto seche pes and grith, Thei [the people] sende and preide..So that the kinges ben appesed.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)5545 : Al þe knau barns þat þai fand, Wit-outen grith [Trin-C: griþþe] þai suld þam sla.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)28480 : Mi godd doghter i gafe ne grith.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.130 : Roger he cursed first..& alle þat wer him with..Saue þe kyng had grith, his childre, & þe quene.
- a1425(?c1375) NHom.(3) Leg.(Hrl 4196)106/39 : No langar wald þai gif him grith.
- a1425 Arth.& M.(LinI 150)359/1974 : Fortager wiþ child and wyf And al..Hit [Wilde fuyr] brente doun, Wiþ owte gryth.
- c1440(a1400) Awntyrs Arth.(Thrn)59 : Thay gafe no gamene no grythe þat one grownde growes.
- c1440(?a1400) Perceval (Thrn)1648 : Arthour..Bad hym, þer he his fo fande, To gyff hym no grythe. Grith takes he nane.
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)4713 : I schal hem brenne, sloo, and stroye; þey schole neuere haue griþ.
- a1500(a1400) Ipom.(1) (Chet 8009)611 : There myght no best haue gryethe.
- a1500(a1400) Cleges (Adv 19.1.11)299 : I schall þe bette euery leth, Hede and body, wythout greth.
- c1600(c1350) Alex.Maced.(Grv 60)151 : Philip with his fresh folke so fast þem assailes That þei gradden hur griþ.
b
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)12649 : Mid us wunien godes grið, þat is on lati ful iwis þat me sseið Pax vobis.
- c1225(?c1200) St.Marg.(1) (Bod 34)48/24 : Alle of þe þus [read: hus] schulen gleadien i godes grið.
- a1250 Orison Lord (Lamb 487)185 : A, ihesu louerd, þi griþ, hwi abbe ich ein [read: eni] licung in oþer þing þene in þe.
- ?a1300 Sirith (Dgb 86)267 : Al so haui godes griþ.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)682 : Euerilc man he gaf lif and frið ðat to ðat likenesse [an idol] sogte grið.
- c1330(?c1300) Spec.Guy (Auch)148 : Þu most don god..If þu wolt haue merci and griþ [vr. greyþe].
- (a1333) Herebert Come shuppere (Add 46919)9 : Shyld ous from þe veonde and ȝyf ous gryth anon.
- (a1333) Herebert Heyle leuedy (Add 46919)7 : Godes moder..In gryht ous sette and shyld vrom shome.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)492 : Þas oþer gastes..Þe quilk for-sok godds grith [Göt: grid]..fell þai depe.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)7517 : Ga þan..in godds grith, þat he-self ai be þe with.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)23358 : Iesus..Wit his felauscip..Sal wend..Vnto þat blis to leng him with, Þat euer es ful o grace and grith.
- a1425(a1396) Maidstone PPs. (Wht)832 : So þat synful may sikirly At hym gete grace and grith.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)50/154 : Nowe thanke we god al goode That he has grauntid grith.
- c1450(c1350) Alex.& D.(Bod 264)764 : Whan ȝe hem [gods] greden of griþ to graunte ȝour bone.
- c1450(c1400) Sultan Bab.(Gar 140)2850 : And [?read: God] graunte him gree and grith!
6.
As surname.
Associated quotations
- (1222) Pat.R.Hen.III344 : Willelmus Grith.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- (?a1300) Mem.Ripon in Sur.Soc.7490 : Atte ye stane yat Grythstole hatte wt Inne the kyrk dore And ye quere thay haue thayr pese for lesse an mare.
Note: New cpd.
Note: Photocopies of all relevant texts on file