Middle English Dictionary Entry
gọ̄dnes(se n.(2)
Entry Info
Forms | gọ̄dnes(se n.(2) Also godnæsse, (error) yudenes. |
Etymology | OE gọ̄dnes |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. gọ̄d adj.
1.
(a) A good quality, merit, virtue, an excellence; beneficial property of a stone; (b) of persons: goodness, piety, virtue, worthiness; to ~ ward, towards virtue; (c) of things, actions, conditions, qualities: excellence, efficacy, usefulness; of a bodily organ: health, vigor; of a tree: capacity for bearing good fruit.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)86/11 : We nabbæð nane godnesse buton hit us cume of Gode.
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)62b : Magna perfectio est sue inperfectionis cognitio; þet is, muche godnesse hit is to cnawen wel his wrecchehead.
- c1330(?c1300) Guy(1) (Auch)165 : So mani godenes [Cai: goodnesses] in him were, Al him preysed þer y-fere.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)175/9 : Þe ypocrites..telleþ hire guodnesses and wryeþ hare kueadnesses.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)2.17 : In þis ilond groweþ a stoon þat hatte gagates..ȝif me axeþ his goodnesse [L beneficium], hit heleþ þe dropesy.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.489 : Enuye is agayns alle vertues and agayns alle goodnesses.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)5528 : Hym were bettyr to be a knaue, And so were hem þat so hem [orders] selles For ȝyftys, and for no godenes elles.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)10086 : Ful leef was vs þat lady lele þat godenesses bare in hir so fele.
- (c1443) Pecock Rule (Mrg M 519)2 : Love may not be had anentis eny persoone wiþoute knowing..þilk persoone to be such oon in noble condiciouns..and goodnessis for whiche he is worþi or ouȝt to be loued.
- (1449) Will Brugco in Nichols Illust.132 : And also Y beseche al the glorious seyntes and seyntesses in heaven, that they, for thaire glorious martirdoms and goodnesses, [etc.].
b
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)14/17 : Þu most yfeles swicæn & to þam gode Fædere mid godnysse buȝan.
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)86/10 : Hwæt is nu god buton God ane? He is healic godnes.
- c1225 Body & S.(2) (Wor F.174)2/3 : Godnesse ond riht æfre þu onscunedest.
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)393 : Forrþi þatt teȝȝ forr idell ȝellp..Shæwenn biforenn oþre menn Godnesse & rihhtwisnesse.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)18514 : Mid muchele godnæsse [Otho: godnisse] þe king iherde mæsse.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)127/22 : Bonitatem..doce me..tach me godnesse.
- ?a1300(a1250) Harrow.H.(Dgb 86)206-7 : For þi godnese [Auch: godenes] art þou min, More for þi godnesse Þen for þine sibnesse.
- c1300 SLeg.Dunstan (LdMisc 108)30 : He i-sei of his guodnesse and of his wise lore.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)739 : Þe king of france hurde telle of ire godnesse [vr. wisdam & worthynes].
- c1330(?c1300) Guy(1) (Auch)1703 : What for his miȝt and his godenesse..þer nis kniȝt þat so miche preysed be.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)29/22 : Alle þise zennes byeþ aye þe guodnesse [Vices & V.(2): grace] of þe holy gost.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.5 : In þe makynge..of stories..schyneþ clerliche..clensynge of goodnes [L probitatis].
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.ML.(Manly-Rickert)B.158 : To rekne as wel hir goodnesse as beautee, Nas neuere swich another as is she.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)205b/a : Þis stone..makeþ þe herte stedefast in goodnesse and makeþ meke and mylde and goodliche.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)97 : Of hir godnes and hir treuthede, Men may fynd euermar to rede.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.2210 : And þe goodnes of Eccuba þe quene.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)2.pr.5.106 : How schal straunge or foreyn goodnesse ben put in the nowmbre of thi richesses?
- c1430(c1395) Chaucer LGW Prol.(2) (Benson-Robinson)534 : Of Alceste shulde thy wrytynge be, Syn that thow wost that calandier is she Of goodnesse.
- c1450 Treat.Fish.(Yale 171)6 : Hyt schall cause hym to be ryche, wordly and gostly, yn goodys & goodnes.
- (c1454) Pecock Fol.(Roy 17.D.9)169/31 : Moral goodnes in itsilf is not ellis þan a corespondence or accord bitwix þe deede..on þe oon side, and þe doom of resoun with fre choice þerof in þe oþir side.
- a1475 Siege Troy(1) (Hrl 525)179/674a : She was full of goodnesse.
- a1500 GRom.(Add 9066)112 : Many men speken mekell of the fairenesse of your doughtir, and of her goodnesse.
- a1500 Treat.GBattle (Hrl 1706)427 : Now with thyse ii sporys pryke youre horse yeff he be dulle and euylle-wylde to goodnes warde.
c
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)94/12 : Nou ich þe habbe aboue yssewed..þe worþ and þe guodnesse of uirtu.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)99/9 : Þis bene paseþ alle oþre ine..dignete, in ssorthede, an ine guodnesse [Vices & V.(2): profitabelnesse].
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)24b/b : Þe vertu of þe siȝt is feble oþir strong by goodnes oþir feblenesse of þe lyme.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)210a/a : To make a wilde tree chaunge out of malice in to goodnes, place and trauaile in tylyynge helpeþ moche.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)218a/b : Þe chief goodnes þerof [cinnamon] is in þe most þikke and smal spray in þe ouermest partyes.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)201 : Þat he forsake..God of hevene and hys bapteme, And alle þe godenesse of hys munkhede.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)40/15 : Þai mai auance hym for þe godenes of his life.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)2.pr.6.88 : Yif it so were that thise dygnytes or poweris hadden any propre or naturel goodnesse in hemself, nevere nolde they comen to schrewes.
- a1500(1413) *Pilgr.Soul (Eg 615)4.12.61a : If this appil be vertuows, the vertue is his owne, and..we owe not for his goodnesse to do him vnright.
- 1532-1897(c1385) Usk TL (Thynne:Skeat)1/3 : Of the goodnesse or of the badnesse of the sentence, take they litel hede.
2.
(a) Kindness, generosity, mercy; good will, friendliness; (b) of a star, a season: favorableness, propitiousness; (c) friendship; in ~, on friendly terms, without strife.
Associated quotations
a
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)145/21 : Ah ich þis ne mai habben bute ðu for ðine michele godnesse and for þire michele mildsce hit me ȝiuen wille.
- a1250 Cristes milde moder (Nero A.14)109 : Þu hauest ȝet forboren me uor þine godnesse.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Rom.2.4 : Thou dispisist the richessis of his goodnesse [L bonitatis].
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.3010 : For the grete goodnesse and debonairetee that al the world witnesseth of youre persone, we submitten vs.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.153 : God of his endelees goodnesse hath set hem in heigh estat.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)prol.485 : The hyhe god, of his goodnesse, If ther be cause, he it redresce.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)190a/a : Alweye of oolde tyme, by godenes of princes, the wey was seker by mounteyns and desert of þat cuntrey.
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)10426 : Þan men suld bolde þaim to be blith, And ilk man his godness to kith.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)6.140 : He shal..drynke with myselue Tyl god of his goodnesse [A: grace] amendement hym sende.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)prol.67 : To whom I preie..Of her goodnesse to haue compassioun.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)1.116 : Of his goodnesse, he gladede hire anon.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)134 : How mercyful and gracyouse God es, And how ful he es of gudenes.
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)1054 : The gretteste of his lordes..ben to the cite come..of hire socour to beseke, Swich renoun was there sprongen of hire goodnesse.
- c1440 PLAlex.(Thrn)55/13 : We schulde all be drawen into þe gilder of disparacion, so þat we solde hafe na triste in þe gudnes of godd.
- a1450(a1387) PPl.A(2) (RwlPoet 137)12.106 : God for his goudnesse gif hem swyche happes.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)62/134 : Pray þat heyȝ lorde..Of his gret goodnesse to grawnt us his grace.
- a1425(?c1400) Wycl.PN(2) (Hrl 2398)107 : Lo, þe goednesse of God! how it ous to penaunce draweþ.
b
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)113a/a : Þis Iubiter by his goodnes abatiþ þe malice of Saturnus whanne he is in þe oþuir partye of his cercle þat is coniunct to þe cercle of Saturnus.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)264a/b : Whanne þe olde rammes beþ sonnere y-moeued to gendrynge and to loue þanne ȝonge in due tyme, þat is tokne of goodnesse of tyme in þat ȝeer.
c
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)459/17 : iij acris..To be had and to be hold..frely and quyetly in goodnesse and in pease.
3.
(a) A good deed, an act of piety; a kindly act, favor, good turn; don ~; (b) good deeds collectively; righteous conduct, a virtuous way of life; don ~; (c) a benefit, an advantage, a good thing; for the ~ of pes, in the interests of peace; minten to ~, to intend (sth.) as a benefit; turnen to ~, turn out well for (sb.), be beneficial (to sb.); (d) kind words, praise; good reputation; (e) prosperity.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)ded.180 : Mann maȝȝ uppo Goddspellboc Godnessess findenn seffne Þatt ure Laferrd Jesu Crist Uss hafeþþ don onn erþe.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)59/12 : Ðeih þu do ane michele godnesse teforen maniȝe oðre, all it is forloren.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)18/19 : Me him..echedaye onderuangþ þe guodnesses and echedaye yelt kuead uor guod.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)111/14 : Me ssel recordi..alle þe guodnesses of oure lhorde and al þat Iesu crist þolede ine erþe uor ous.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2984 : The goodnesse that thow maist do this day, do it and abide nat.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.687 : A man is anoyed..for to doon any goodnesse.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)45/71 : Thy gracyous goodnes þou us grawnt and saue þi serwaunt from hell qwelp.
- a1500 Discip.Cler.(Wor F.172)17 : Remembryng also of the goodenes whiche he had done to hym in Egipt, thynkyng forwhi that after his deth he myght nat yield nor acquite hym his goode deede.
b
- c1175 Orm.(Jun 1)300 : Haliȝ Goddspellboc All þiss godnesse uss shæweþþ.
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)23 : Þe an sunne wule amerran al þa godnesse and þe almesse.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)151/4 : Se durȝwuneð on his godnesse ðe he hafð agunnen, he worð iborȝen.
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)423/115 : Þe preost song for him Massene fiue and oþur guodnesse dude also.
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)418 : Who-so dureþ ffaste To his lyues ende in goednesse, he worþ sauf atte laste.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)8936 : Þe godnesse þat þe king henry & þe quene Mold Dude here to engelond ne may neuere be told.
- c1330 7 Sages(1) (Auch)74/1577 : Ȝif þou wilt..for oure godnesse do vs qued, Swich a cas fal on þin heued.
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)118.65 : Lord, þou didest godenes [L Bonitatem] wiþ þy seruaunt.
- c1390 PPl.A(1) (Vrn)3.22 : Meede Merciede hem alle Of heore [B: þeire] grete goodnesse [C: goudnesse].
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2882 : Flee shrewednesse and do goodnesse.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.1070 : They ne myghte nat longe perseuere in goodnesse.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)69b/b : Goodnes þat men doþ for hem, þey [children] late it passe out of mynde.
- c1400 Vices & V.(2) (Sim)109/31 : Godnesse [Hnt: A man..schal record..al þe godnesses of oure lord].
- (a1402) Trev.Dial.MC (Hrl 1900)26/1 : But alwey ȝe haueþ be vnkynde to þe goodnesse þat me haþ y-do ȝou.
- c1450(c1400) Vices & V.(2) (Hnt HM 147)13/19 : Þey wole not knowe þe goodnesse þat God doþ hem alwey.
- a1500 Discip.Cler.(Wor F.172)18 : He softly and swetely thanked hym of his yudenes.
c
- a1150(c1125) Vsp.D.Hom.Fest.Virg.(Vsp D.14)38/218 : Eall hire wille hire is geforded on godnysse [L repletum est in bonis].
- c1300 SLeg.Inf.Chr.(LdMisc 108)1581 : Þoruȝ him schalt þo habbe hele, For he mai alle guodnesses dele.
- c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)15.6 : Foundeinges fellen to me in godenesces [L in præclaris].
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.470 : Thilke yiftes of grace..sholde haue turned hym to goodnesse and to medicine.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)71b/b : Sche vsiþ þe goodnes of matrimoni more bicause of children þan of fleischlich likynge.
- a1400(c1303) Mannyng HS (Hrl 1701)10598 : Hys broþer had þe godenesse of hys song.
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)718 : He thoght þat thing forto stint þat godd to gret goddnes had mint.
- ?a1425 Mandev.(2) (Eg 1982)85/1 : Þe folk þeroff wirschepez þe ox..for..þe gudeness [Tit: profite; F vtilitee] þat commez of him.
- a1450 Castle Love(1) (BodAdd B.107:Horst.)16 : Goodnesses [Vrn: þorw whom beoþ Alle þe goodschipes þat we here i-seoþ].
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)6/3 : Thanke we Gode of the grete goodnes that he hath sent to vs.
- a1475 Godstow Reg.(Rwl B.408)636/19 : Þe seide abbas & couent grauntid to þe seide churche of Eysy iij acris of mede..for þe goodenes of peece & cause of stryfis to be made lesse.
d
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.497 : If men speke goodnesse [vr. godenesses] of a man, thanne wol the bakbitere seyn..swich a man is yet bet.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)10614 : So sprang hir goodnes [Vsp: loueword] & hir fame.
- c1430(c1395) Chaucer LGW Prol.(2) (Benson-Robinson)268 : Why noldest thow..han seyd goodnesse Of wemen, as thow hast seyd wikednesse?
e
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)199/36 : He knew god ayeyn in angwysche and in myssayse, whych he had foryetene whan he was in his goodnes.
4.
As term of address: your ~, your excellency, your grace, etc.
Associated quotations
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Mel.(Manly-Rickert)B.2934 : Deere and benygne lady, we preyen yow..that it like vn to youre grete goodnesse to fulfille..youre goodliche wordes.
- (c1449) Let.Oxf.in OHS 35278 : Trustyng verely þat this our peticion..shall not comme voyde a-yene from your godenesse.