Middle English Dictionary Entry
gerlō̆nd n.
Entry Info
| Forms | gerlō̆nd n. Also -land, -laund, gereland & garlond, -land, -laund, -lound, -lont, -lant, (error) garlong & gallond. Pl. gerlondes, etc. & gerlans, garlans. |
| Etymology | OF garlande, g(u)erlande, gallande. Forms in -lō̆nd may be due to influence of ME lō̆nd , lā̆nd. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) A wreath or string of leaves or flowers worn as an ornament; also fig.; (b) a wreath bestowed on a victor; (c) Christ's crown of thorns; (d) a painted or embroidered representation of a garland; a tavern sign; a heraldic device; the name of an inn or alehouse.
Associated quotations
a
- a1350(1307) Execution Fraser (Hrl 2253)116 : He com yn at newgate..a gerland of leues on ys hed y-dyht.
- a1325 Gloss.Bibbesw.(Cmb Gg.1.1)602 : Garlond [glossing: Chapeau vestu de blauverole].
- a1350(a1325) SLeg.Cec.(Ashm 43)76/70 : To gerlans [Ld: garlondes] he huld an honde Of rosen & of lylion suote.
- (c1380) Chaucer CT.SN.(Manly-Rickert)G.27 : Thow with thy gerland wroght of rose and lilie.
- (c1385) Chaucer CT.Kn.(Manly-Rickert)A.1507 : His wey he gan to holde To maken hym a gerland..of wodebynde or hawethorn leues.
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.666 : A gerland [vrr. garlond, gallonde] hadde he set vp on his heed As greet as it were for an ale stake.
- c1390 NHom.Narrat.(Vrn)288/17 : Whon he was grauen, com asquiere wiþ Rose garlaund rydynge hem nere.
- (c1390) Chart.Abbey HG (LdMisc 210)348 : Þe fairest flour of al oure garlond is fallen away.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)8.2467 : Lusty Youthe..upon the plein Stod with his route..Here hevedes kempt, and therupon Garlandes.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)1689 : Might I [a] gerlond of hem geten, For no richesse I wolde it leten.
- c1430(c1386) Chaucer LGW (Benson-Robinson)2614 : The flour, the lef is rent up by the rote To maken garlondes and crounes hye.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)187 : Garlonde: Sertum.
- a1450(a1400) Athelston (Cai 175/96)256 : Gerlondes off chyryes off sche caste.
- ?a1450 Agnus Castus (Stockh 10.90)167/29 : Þis herbe..haȝt a blew flour, and of þis herbe are mad [vr. maydens makyth] garlondys [vrr. garlandus, garlans].
- a1500(?a1400) SLChrist (Hrl 3909)5921 : Garlond þou has of flouris faire & bryȝt schynyng.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)17/2 : Anon com oure lady..and set a garlond on his hedde, and at yche 'Aue' scho set a rose yn þe garlond.
- a1500 Hal.Gloss.(Eg 829)7 : Sertum: a garlounde.
- a1500 In the lende (BodHrn 42)14 : What tyme Normandye schall be lorne..Hym schall wante of hys astate, To hys garlonde a precyovse floure..Cyte, Castell, Towne, and towre.
b
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Is.28.5 : In that dai shal be the Lord of ostes the croune of glorie, and the garlond of ful out ioȝing [L sertum exsultationis] to the residue of his puple.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)222a/a : Victors were som tyme ycrouned wiþ garlondis of bowes of þe laury tre.
- a1400(?a1350) Siege Troy(1) (Eg 2862)288 : Whiche of hem best fyȝt wolde and stonde, þe child wolde crowne him with a garlonde.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)818 : Þis renke & his rounsy þai reche vp a croune, As gome at has þe garland & all þe gre wonn.
- c1450(1410) Walton Boeth.(Lin-C 103)p.230 : For rennyng lyeth a garlond for þe game, And he þat renneþ best schal haue þe same.
- 1558(?a1440) Burgh Praise Lydg.(Add 29729)40 : Ye be..the garland of Ive and lawre of victorye.
c
- a1325(?c1300) NPass.(Cmb Gg.1.1)1110 : Yiet a nomen þornes kene And mad him a gerlond.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)18.48 : An other..bigan of kene thorne a gerelande [C: garlaunde] to make.
- c1400 Fadur & sone (Bod 416)15 : Mi sheld shal be þe swerd of sorwe..myn helm þi garlond of sharpe þorn.
- a1450 The Fader of Heuene (Sln 2593)26 : Lullay, lullay! lytil chyld, I synge al be-forn, how xalt þu sufferin þe scharp garlong of þorn?
- a1500 The fyrst day wan (BodPoet e.1)p.28 : A garlond of thornys on his hed was sett.
d
- (?c1422) Will York in Sur.Soc.4405 : j lectus de lana cum yalow garlands intextis.
- a1450-a1500(1436) Libel EP (Warner)598 : What nedeth a garlande whyche is made of ivye Shewe a tavern wynelesse?
- (1466-68) Acc.St.Andrew Hubbard in BMag.31399 : Receivid for waest of Torches for a man that dyed within the Garlande.., ii s. viij d...; item, receyvid for berying of a woman that dyde next the garlande, x d.
- a1500(?c1400) Song Roland (Lnsd 388)709 : Thre garlondis of gold that gome beris.
2.
(a) A chaplet or coronet of gold, etc.; also fig.; (b) a crown or headband symbolizing office; (c) ~ of Ariadne, the constellation Ariadne's Crown, Northern Crown.
Associated quotations
a
- a1350 Dream Bk.(1) (Hrl 2253)55 : Gerlaund whose haþ & croune, forsoþ him worþ honour in toune.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)71/19 : Oure blisse is ywent into wop..gerlondes, robes, playinges..byeþ ous yfayled.
- a1350(a1325) SLeg.Cec.(Ashm 43)72/8 : Þis maide werede robe of pal..Gerlans [Ld: garlaundes; Bod: garlond] & tresours al of golde.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)1186 : O perle..of rych renoun..If hit be ueray and soth sermoun, Þat þou so stykez in garlande gay, So wel is me in þys doel-doungoun, Þat þou art to þat Prynsez paye.
- c1400 Wycl.DSins (Bod 647)124 : Men deformen her body by hor foule atyre, as pikes of schoone and garlondes of hedes..beren opun wittenesse.
- a1425(?a1350) 7 Sages(2) (Glb E.9)3560 : Hir hed was gayly dubed..With gerlands [vr. garlandes] al of gold.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)869,871 : Of orfrays fresh was hir gerland; I..Saugh never, ywys, no gerlond yitt So wel wrought of silk as it.
- c1450(?a1400) Quatref.Love (Add 31042)459 : Golde one þaire garlandis, perry and pryde.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)4599 : Ȝe say ȝour women has na wedis þe werd with to plese, Garlands ne no gay gere to glyffe in ȝour eȝen.
- (c1465) Invent.Cirencester in BGAS 18 (Bod 6530)328 : A garlonde of perle.
- a1475(a1450) Tourn.Tott.(Hrl 5396)83 : A gay gyrdyl Tyb had on..And a garland on hur hed, ful of rounde bonys.
- a1500(?a1475) Guy(4) (Cmb Ff.2.38)395 : Garlondys þey had of precyous stones And perlys ryche.
- ?a1500 Lndsb.Nominale (Lndsb)781/32 : Hoc certum: a garlant.
b
- (1389) Lond.Gild Ret.in Bk.Lond.E.(PRO C 47/var.)56/85 : Þe foure wardeyns schul chese oþere foure newe for þe ȝeer comynge, be settyng of foure gerlaundes.
- (1389) Lond.Gild Ret.in Bk.Lond.E.(PRO C 47/var.)57/138 : And also ho þat schal ȝyue any gerland, þat he ȝyue it to swiche on þat is able.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.331 : Þe garland [F gerlaund] Roberd tok..þe lond forto loke, in signe of kynge's myght.
c
- (1449) Metham AC (Gar 141)542 : The garlond off Adryagne Aperyd in the symylytude as a ryche topas.
3.
(a) A metal hoop encircling a tree; a metal ring to steady the mast of a ship; (b) med. a bandage for the head; also, a wreath made from a medicinal plant.
Associated quotations
a
- ?a1450(?1350-75) Origo Mundi in Norris Anc.Corn.Drama (Bod 791)2096 : Yn enour the'n pren may fe, my a vyn vos garlont gureys a arhans adre thethe.
- (1497) in Sandahl ME Sea Terms 241 : A parell for the mayne Toppe maste ffeble j Garlandes of yron abought the mast hede..Chaynes, Boltes, Garlandes & other Necessaryes of yron..A Garland of yron for the toppe maste.
b
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)221a/a : Garlandis [L Corone] þerof [saffron] letteþ dronkenesse.
- c1465(?1373) *Lelamour Macer (Sln 5)85a : Make a garland of þe levys, and hit a-batith hede ake.
- c1450 Med.Bk.(2) (Add 33996)65 : Make a garlande of akerchef, and bynde þe seke heued.
- ?c1450 Stockh.PRecipes (Stockh 10.90)51/1 : Make a garlond of a kerchefe, and bynde þe seke hed, and ley þe playster on þe molde withinne þe garlond as hoot as he may suffre it.
- a1500 Sln.521 Recipes (Sln 521)135/7 : Mak a garlond of a kerche, and bynde þe sek hefd.
4.
Associated quotations
- a1475 *Hrl.Diseases Hawk A (Hrl 2340)28a : Yf An hauke be wele colowrde þe beke & þe blake of þe hye & þe hornys must Acorde to þe sureyne, And þe garlond of þe hye to þe lege.
5.
?In names. [It is usually impossible to distinguish gerlond from gar(e)lond, cp. gor(e n. (2).]
Associated quotations
- (1279) Hundred R.Tower 2487 : Radulphus Gerlond.
- (1279) Hundred R.Tower 2744 : Johanna Gerlaundes.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.NP.(Manly-Rickert)B.4573 : After hym they ran..Ran Colle oure dogge and Talbot and Gerland [vrr. Garland, Garlond, Gallond], And Malkyn with a distaf in hire hand.
- (1434) in Rymer's Foedera (1709-10)10.569 : Dedimus Willielmo Truwe, Magistro cujusdam Navis vocatæ le Garlond de Crowemere, [etc.].
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- (1423-4) Doc.Brewer in Bk.Lond.E.182/1315 : Thomas Smyth, atte Gerland with outen Bisshoppesgate, hath j kilderkyn nought morken.
Note: Add both gloss & quot. to 1.(d)
Note: Gloss: 'name of a brewery or an alehouse.'
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- a1400 Trin-C O.9.39 Recipes (Trin-C O.9.39) 51/20 : Sette þy pot on þy yren barre in þy furneys, and loke þat hit stonde in þy furneys vnto þe myddes of þy pot with a gerlannd of cley al aboute þe pot euene in þe myddis of þe pot.
Note: Glossary: "gerlannd n. 'encircling wrapper or band'."
Note: New spelling (with double n).
Note: New sense: cf. OED garland, n., sense 6. 'Something that resembles a garland in circular form, or in the fact of surrounding another object.'
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: Med., etc., see further J.Norri, Dictionary of Medical Vocabulary, s.v. garland.