Middle English Dictionary Entry
abreiden v.(1)
Entry Info
Forms | abreiden v.(1) Also abraiden, obreid, abrayen. Forms: p. abraid, abreid & abraide, (late) abreide; ppl. abroȝden, abroiden, abrọ̄den, abrūden & (late) abreid(e. |
Etymology | OE ābregdan, ābrēdan; abrægd, abrǣd; ābrugdon, ābrūdon; ābrogden, ābrōden. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. breiden.
1.
To move (sth.) suddenly or violently: (a) thrust; snatch (away); lift; draw (a sword); raise (the eyes or the eyelids); fig. save (sb. from sin); (b) to cast down, destroy.
Associated quotations
a
- c1175(?OE) Bod.Hom.(Bod 343)8/15 : Þe mon bið oþer, from his yfele abroȝden to bæterum wille.
- a1225(?OE) Vsp.A.Hom.(Vsp A.22)233 : Þa were cofe abruden into þesternesse.
- a1225(?OE) Vsp.A.Hom.(Vsp A.22)239 : A domes dȝei, alle godes fend simle fram his ȝesecðe abroden bienn.
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)209 : Ure soule is abroiden of þe hunte grune.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)26533 : Sone his sweord he ut abræid [Otho: vp breid].
- a1300 Owl & N.(Jes-O 29)1044 : Þe vle wes wroþ, to cheste rad, Mid þisse worde hire eyen a braid [Clg: abrad].
b
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)175 : Ðe se..bitocneð þe abroidene bureh [L ruinosam ciuitatem].
2.
(a) To move suddenly, start up; of sighs: to burst forth; ~ up; (b) ~ to, to move toward (sth.), approach; ~ on, come close to, resemble.
Associated quotations
a
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)2385 : Iacob abraid and trewed it nogt.
- a1400(?c1300) Amis (Eg 2862)1060 : Abrayde [Auch: Sir Amis biheld vp wiþ his siȝt].
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.4823 : Woful siȝes, wiche in his brest abraide Ful ofte a day.
b
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)1.451 : And for the mater abraid on heuynesse, Off fressh colours I took no maner heede.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)3.1277 : O thou pryncesse..To thi flatereris I neuer dede abraide.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)3.3730 : Her thrust of worldli habundaunce On Tantalus ryuer abraideth euer in oon.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)6.3121 : Platoun to whos cradel bees dede abraide.
3.
(a) To start from sleep, recover from a swoon, awake; ~ oute of slep (slumber, sweven, swough); (b) to start up from a fit of musing, recover from astonishment, shame, weeping; to recover one's speech, break silence; ~ abak, ~ oute of; (c) to start to speak; also, to speak, talk.
Associated quotations
a
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)57b : He schal o domesdei grimliche abreiden [Pep: abrayen] wið þe dredfule dream of þe englene bemen.
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)64a : Ant te hali mon abreaid [Nero: abreid; Pep: awoke].
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)231 : Adam abraid and sag ðat wif.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.NP.(Manly-Rickert)B.4198 : This man out of his sleep for feere abrayde.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.2851 : This king out of his swefne abreide.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Sq.(Manly-Rickert)F.477 : She of swow gan abreyde.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)3.4930 : Of whiche astonyd, streit & short of breþ, Wher as she lay, abreid vp-on þe deþ, And with a siȝe stinte for to slepe.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.6609 : But Elenus..haþ swowned, And abraidinge with a dedly face, In humble wyse besouȝt him of his grace.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)4.1212 : But, as God wolde, of swough therwith sh'abreyde.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)5.520 : This Troilus gan of his slep t'abrayde.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)4.348 : Marcus in his bed liggyng Gan tabraide.
- a1450 Gener.(1) (Mrg M 876)8553 : At the last he awoke and abraide.
- c1450(1369) Chaucer BD (Benson-Robinson)192 : Anoon this god of slep abrayd Out of hys slep.
- c1450(?a1405) Lydg.CBK (Frf 16)15 : Wyth a sygh [I] gan for to abreyde [vr. obreyd] Out of my slombre.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)13062 : Thys wombys..Make Venus to awake..And causeth hyre fful offte abrayde.
b
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.154 : And I abreide Riht as a man doth out of slep.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.1061 : She out of hir mazednesse abreyde.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.1143 : Sodeynly, as he abreyde abak, Of hiȝ disdeyn euen þus he spak.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.2427 : Pelleus..abraide oute of his dedly þouȝt.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)1.724 : But longe he ley as stylle as he ded were, And after this with sikynge he abreyde.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)3967 : Atte last Drede abreyde And to his cosyn Shame seide.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)1.482 : Oon off hem..sodenli abraide, And to myn auctour euene this he saide.
- 1447 Bokenham Sts.(Arun 327)461 : As a man amasyd, he sodeynly dede abreyde.
- a1450 Parton.(1) (UC C.188)7796 : Fayre Melioure Of her wepyng ganne abrayde.
- c1450(1410) Walton Boeth.(Lin-C 103)p.117 : Of pacience tho gan he sone obreide [vrr. abreyde, abraid].
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)5625 : She stynte a whyle & was in pes, But at the laste she abreyde.
- a1500(a1450) Gener.(2) (Trin-C O.5.2)4717 : And he ther with all sodenly abrayde, like as a man had ben sore affrayde.
c
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.2295 : And whan þat þei were togidre sette, Þis Medea with syȝing first abreyde, And to Iason even þus sche seide.
- a1450(?c1421) Lydg.ST (Arun 119)479 : He gan with oon debate..Gan vpon hym cruelly abrayde [vr. obreide, chide].
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)5156 : Than unto hir for ire I seide, For anger, as I dide abraide.
- ?1435(1432) Lydg.Hen.VI Entry (Jul B.2)62 : Affter that he konnyngly abrayde, And to the kyng evyn thus he sayde.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)6.22 : Bochas, astonid, feerful for to abraide..thus to hymsilff he saide.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)2308 : Scheo [Cordelia] wyste how þat hure systres seyde; Of a gyle hit was abreyde.
- c1450(?a1422) *Lydg.LOL (Dur-U Cosin V.2.16)1.713 : And with oo voys, the people thoo obreyde And vnto Ioseph, all atoones seyde.
- a1475(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Vit C.13)878 : For wych to Grace Dieu I sayde, And to hyr thus I abrayde.
- a1500(a1450) Gener.(2) (Trin-C O.5.2)2320 : With that word Generydes abrayde: 'Now is..good tyme [etc.].'