Middle English Dictionary Entry
garth n.
Entry Info
Forms | garth n. Also gard, gart, gerth, gerd, gert, gherth, grath, (error) garh. |
Etymology | ON; cp. OI garðr (corresp. to OE geard) & gerði. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) An enclosed yard; courtyard, garden, etc.; (b) a hedge or fence; thorn ~; (c) on ground ner on ~ [?grith], anywhere; (d) in cpds. & combs.: appeles garthes, apple orchards; ~ cresse, garden cress (Lepidum sativum); ~ man, a man who looks after a fish garth q.v.; ~ womman, a woman who works in a garden; to ~ ward, in the direction of (someone's) yard; appel ~, chirche ~, kirke ~ q.v.; (e) in surnames and place names [see Smith PNElem. 1.195, 200].
Associated quotations
a
- (1393) Will York in Sur.Soc.4185 : And my body to my graven in the mynster Garth be for the butres at the charnell.
- (1417) Doc.in Sur.Soc.8512 : That Thomas Duffeld hafe sextene yerdys over thwart of the garthe..and that the foresayd Sir Robert hafe fra the same stake fyfe yerdys of garth.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)31/35 : Þa þat ere in laburs..in gard ouþir wid-vten.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)1.777 : Yet is the chalk or cley lond forto eschewe, And from the rede also thy garth remewe.
- (?1440) Palladius (DukeH d.2)10.141 : Thy grath [vr. garth] in spryngyng tyme to be sowe.
- (1455) Will York in Sur.Soc.30216 : I gife her, terme of hire lyfe, tenement in Whenby, with a garth and a croft next vicarage.
- (c1460) Let.Sou.in Sou.RS 22 (Sou SC.2/9/2)21 : As for the Circuite of the seide feble & olde wallys, there ben cccclxxij loupes withoute all the Garde of the Castell.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)36.2 : The kale..not ere of garthis bot of gressis, that grouys bi thaim ane in the feld.
b
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)18a : To breke garth: desepire.
- 1483 Cath.Angl.(Monson 168)151 : A Garthe: sepes.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)88.39 : Thou distroyd all his thorne garthis [L sepes].
c
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)175/212 : Aboue me is no kynge on grownd nere on gerth [rime: myrth, byrth, dyrthe].
d
- (1389-90) Statutes Realm2.67 : Qe null peschour ne garthman..ne mette desore enavant en les ewes de Thamise, Humbre, Ouse, Trente..ascuns rees appellez stalkers.
- (1406) Plea & Mem.R.Lond.Gildh.282 : [No fisherman or] garthman [or other should place in the Thames..Trent..any nets called] stalkers [or other engines, by which the] frye [or] brode [of salmon, lampreys, or other fish should be taken].
- (1417) Doc.in Sur.Soc.8511 : That a lyne be drawen..to the oute syde of the poste..in to thair garthwarde.
- (1417-18) MSS Penshurst in HMC1.207 : In stipendium Alice Payntour, garthwoman.
- c1440 Thrn.Med.Bk.(Thrn)30/35 : Tak a peny weghte of garthe cresse sede & gyff hym at ete.
- a1500(c1340) Rolle Psalter (UC 64)78.1 : Appils garthis, that men kepis till the froit be gadird.
e
- (c1100-25) EPNSoc.5 (North Riding Yks.)121 : Houkesgarth.
- (c1115-35) EPNSoc.5 (North Riding Yks.)121 : Haukesgard.
- (1160-80) EPNSoc.14 (East Riding Yks.& York)191 : Gerdhom.
- (1176) EPNSoc.5 (North Riding Yks.)121 : Haukesgarð.
- (a1190) in Ekwall PNLan.120 : Ekergart.
- (c1200) in Madox Form.Angl.(1702)251 : Unam Piscariam in trenta quae vocatur Doddesgard.
- (1212) in Ekwall PNLan.120 : Egergarh.
- (1220-46) in Ekwall PNLan.212 : Garthscoh.
- (a1240) in Ekwall PNLan.120 : Ekergert.
- (c1240) EPNSoc.14 (East Riding Yks.& York)191 : Gherthum.
- (1251) EPNSoc.5 (North Riding Yks.)309 : Thyrnegarth.
- (1254-67) Cart.Oseney in OHS 97494 : Hugo le Gart.
- (1275) EPNSoc.20 (Cum.)105 : Standgarthesyde.
- (1280) EPNSoc.14 (East Riding Yks.& York)191 : Gerthum.
- (1282) EPNSoc.14 (East Riding Yks.& York)208 : Wyndgarthe.
- (1285) in Ekwall PNLan.52 : De Garteside.
- (1305) EPNSoc.20 (Cum.)151 : Le Gressegarth.
- (1316) EPNSoc.20 (Cum.)202 : Calvegarth.
- (1324) Court R.Lan.in LCRS 4111 : Henry de Garts[i]de.
- (1330) Feudal Aids 6578 : Robertus Garth.
- (1332) EPNSoc.20 (Cum.)250 : Westegarth.
- (1335) EPNSoc.5 (North Riding Yks.)69 : Garthwat.
- (1358) Deed Yks.in YASRS 6558 : [A piece of meadow called] le Garthenerker.
- (1358) EPNSoc.20 (Cum.)220 : Del Garth de Leysyngby.
- (1363) EPNSoc.21 (Cum.)424 : Mytgarth.
- (1369) EPNSoc.21 (Cum.)424 : Le Monkgarth.
- (1380) EPNSoc.20 (Cum.)229 : Crugarth.
- (1382) in Mawer PNNhb.& Dur.99 : Le Halgarth.
- (1435) EPNSoc.14 (East Riding Yks.& York)195 : Hellegarth.
- (1437) in Ekwall Dict.EPN78 : Calfgarth.
- (1438) Deed Yks.in YASRS 50188 : [A toft called] le Hallgarthe.
- (1462) EPNSoc.21 (Cum.)448 : Scalgarthbare.
- (1485) EPNSoc.20 (Cum.)86 : Templegarth.