Middle English Dictionary Entry
flight n.(2)
Entry Info
Forms | flight n.(2) Also fluht, flut, vluht, flyte. |
Etymology | OE flyht (corresp. to OHG fluht fleeing), which had largely taken the place of OE flyge flying, flight (corresp. to OHG flug). |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) The act of flying with wings, flight through the air; comen in (with) ~, to come flying; foules ~, the flight of a bird; fig. spiritual soaring; (b) flight-foul, bird of the air; ~ lom, implement used in flying; ~ rip, ready to fly, full-fledged.
Associated quotations
a
- a1225(?OE) Lamb.Hom.(Lamb 487)81 : Mid þisse fluhte he fleh into houene.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)2873 : Al his folc mihte..his fluhtes [Otho: fliþtes] bihalden.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)277 : Min fligt..ic [Lucifer] wile up-taken, Min sete norð on heuene maken.
- c1390 I wolde witen (Vrn)3 : Þis world..fareþ as a foules fliht.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.5975 : To wode comth this Philomene And makth hir ferste yeres flyht.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)140a/b : Aftir þe fliȝt, þe eire closiþ it self and leueþ noo signe..of here passynge.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)12869 : In scap of douf, he come wit [Göt: in; Trin-C: wiþ] flight.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)4231 : A foulis flight wol make hir flee.
- c1430(c1380) Chaucer PF (Benson-Robinson)694 : With the shoutyng..That foules maden at here flyght awey, I wok.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)167 : Flyghte [Win: fflyyt] of byrdys: Avolatus, evolatus.
- (1440) *Capgr.St.Norb.(Hnt HM 55)1231 : He himselue vsed to swech maner flith; He ascended wit orison both day and nyth.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)23.450 : Wondirful wynges, & swyft to flyht.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)5521 : Flesch..at þai miȝt noȝt to reches, To make þaim freke to þe fliȝt þat fode for to wyn.
- a1475 Hrl.Bk.Hawking (Hrl 2340:Halliwell)295 : If thi hawke..woldest sone opon have a flighte.
- a1500(?a1400) Torrent (Chet 8009)1943 : Of the gripe he had a sight, How she flew in a fflight.
b
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)142a/b : Whanne hire briddes beoþ fliȝt ripe, sche puttiþ hem out of hire nest.
- a1400 NVPsalter (Vsp D.7)49.12 : I knewe alle þe flightfoghel of heuen.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)2710 : Inpossible it semes A heuy As to be houyn vp to þe sternes..& þarnes þe wyngis, And fautis þe fethirhames & þe fliȝt-loomes.
2.
(a) Phrases: fongen to the ~, nimen ~, to take to flight, begin to fly, fly away; foul in (i, o, of, on, to, with) ~, a flying bird, bird of the air; nimen, taken, fongen (one's) ~, maken a ~, to fly; (b) proverbial expressions: as fresh to fight as..faucoun to the ~; light as a foul is to the ~; man is born to labour and a brid to ~; etc.
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)29275 : Þa sparwen heore flut nomen, & fluȝen to heore innen.
- a1225 Lamb.Hom.Pater N.(Lamb 487)59/89 : Alle dor and fuȝel i fliht.
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)1398 : Þer ne miȝte liȝte Bute foȝel wiþ fliȝte.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.1055 : If he toke his flyhte To hyhe, al sodeinliche he mihte Make it [the wax] to melte with the Sonne.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)621 : Þe bestes all..War broght..Fiss on sund and fouxl on [Göt: to] flight.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)679 : Fouxl o [Göt: in; Frf: on] flight and fiss on sand.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)21276 : Þe furth, john, þat foxul on [Göt: of] flight.
- c1400(?a1300) *KAlex.(LdMisc 622)348 : To hire chaumbre a made a fliȝth.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)457 : He fongez to þe flyȝt and fannez on þe wyndez.
- c1400 St.Anne(1) (Min-U Z.822.N.81)1771 : At þat worde sone þai toke þer fleyght.
- a1500 Conq.Irel.(Rwl B.490)57 : The faucon saw hym comynge and toke [Dub: nam] his flyght an hey.
- a1450 St.Editha (Fst B.3)1122 : Wylde bestes & folys of flyȝt To here clepynge wolde come fulle snelle.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)508 : Scho fangis hire fliȝt & floȝe away swyth.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)2/31 : What þenge was wrought þer xal be sene, How best was made and foule of flyth.
- a1525 Conq.Irel.(Dub 592)56/33 : The goshake..nam hys flyght toward the facon.
b
- c1330(?c1300) Bevis (Auch)736 : Þanne was he ase fresch to fiȝt So was þe faukoun to þe [vr. of] fliȝt.
- (c1387-95) Chaucer CT.Prol.(Manly-Rickert)A.190 : Grehoundes he hadde as swift as fowel in flight.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.2342 : As the briddes to the flihte Ben made, so the man is bore To labour.
- (a1402) Trev.DCur.(Hrl 1900)71/20 : Man is y-bore to trauail & a foul to fliȝt.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)1304 : He was als lyght Als a fowl es to þe flyght.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Job 5.7 : A man is borun to labour, and a brid to fliȝt.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)543 : Man es born to travaile right As a foul es to þe flight.
- c1440 When adam delf (Thrn)12 : Borne er we..to trauell here whills we er fere As fewle vn-to þe flyghte.
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)2287 : Than was Rycharde fresshe to fyght As euer was fawkon to the flyght.
- a1500(?a1400) Firumb.(2) (Fil)575 : Was neuer bryd on morw so redy to flyȝt.
3.
(a) Ability to fly, power of flight, ?wings; fig. buoyancy; (b) manner of flying [as studied in divination]; (c) state of being in flight.
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)2885 : Þe wind him com on wiðere; weoðeleden his fluhtes [Otho: fliþtes], brecon þa strenges þe he mid strahte.
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)23140 : Scipen..fluȝen after þere sæ, swulc heo fluht hafden.
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)36a : Þe heuinesse of hire flesch & flesches unþeawes bineomeð hire [an anchoress] hire fluht [Nero: vluht].
- a1300 Bestiary (Arun 292)43 : Siðen his fligt is al unstrong, & his egen dimme.
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)20165 : Somme hii gonne wondri so doþ þe wilde crane in þan morfenne wane his fliht his awemmid.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)161 : Ðe fifte day god..tagte fuel on walkene his fligt.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)324b/a : Alle foules wiþ crokede clawes beþ of strong fliȝt.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)15.172 : [Peacock] feblest fowel of flicht [vrr. fliȝt, fliȝht, flith] is.
- a1425 Arth.& M.(LinI 150)347/1621 : Þer þe whyte couered his flyȝt.
- a1450(1408) *Vegetius(1) (Dc 291)9b : Þe good bee is knowe..by cleernes of his scales; þe oþer þat noȝt is, is don of colour, slogh of flyȝt.
b
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)7.69 : Þere he lerneþ what bodeth song and fliȝt of foules.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.605 : What seye we of hem that bileeuen on dyuynailes, as by flight or by noyse of briddes?
c
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)530 : Quen scaped alle þe wylde: Uche fowle to þe flyȝt..Uche fysch to þe flod..Uche beste to þe bent.
4.
(a) Movement through space: running (of a tiger); rushing (of the wind); motion (of the stars); (b) passage (of time).
Associated quotations
a
- ?a1300 Fiftene toknen (Dgb 86)120 : Þat ellefþe day comeþ þonres ligt Mid stormes grete and windes fligt.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)137 : Ðe seuene [stars] he bad on fligte faren.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3084 : A suðen wind is flig [read: fligt] up-wond, And blew ðat day and al ðat nigt.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)300a/a : Tygris is most swifte beste in fliȝt, as it were an arwe.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)4143 : Þan fell a fliȝt & a fire betwene þe foure wyndis.
b
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)165 : Ðis fifte dai held forð his fligt, And forð endede ðat fifte nigt.
5.
(a) A group of flying things: a swarm (of flies), a flock (of birds); a shower (of arrows or other missiles); (b) an arrow; esp. a light and well-feathered arrow used for distance shooting; ~ shot, the distance traveled by an arrow from the bow, a bowshot.
Associated quotations
a
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3012 : Moyses bad meðe hereon, And ðis fleges fligt ut is don.
- c1350 Cmb.Ee.4.20.Nominale (Cmb Ee.4.20)831 : Vn volee de columbes: A fliȝte of dowes.
- a1425 KAlex.(LinI 150)1634 : Theo flyght feol withoute the wal Apon Alisaundre folk nygh al.
- a1450 Terms Assoc.(1) (Rwl D.328)603 : A flyth of Swalous, a flyth of carmerontes.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)3944 : Þan come a fliȝtir in [= fliȝt þer in] of fowls.
b
- (1392) in Löfvenberg Contrib.Lex.58 : [Two] flight [of] pocoke fethirs.
- (1394) in Löfvenberg Contrib.Lex.56 : [Two sheaves of] boltes [and three dozen of] flyghtes.
- (1455) Paston (Gairdner)3.49 : It was answerid..that he shuld walke forth..and so he dede till he was a flyte shote or more from his place.
- (1467) Acc.Howard in RC 57427 : My mastyr paid to Fraykok for iij flytes, ij bottebolts, and ij byres, xvij d.
- a1500(?c1440) Lydg.HGS (Lnsd 699)433 : Fliht of my ffetheris..Shal vs deffende ageyn our mortal foon.
- a1500 X for crystes (StJ-C S.54)p.53 : X and M with word was lyth To saue us fro the fendes flyth.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- c1450 Terms Assoc.(2) (Cmb Ll.1.18)231 : A flyght of doovys.
- c1450 Terms Assoc.(2) (Cmb Ll.1.18)231 : A flyght of swaloez.
- a1500 Terms Assoc.(3) (Lamb 306)233 : A Flight of Dovis.
- a1500 Terms Assoc.(3) (Lamb 306)233 : A Flight of larkis.
Note: New sense: 'as term of association'