Middle English Dictionary Entry
flīe n.(1)
Entry Info
Forms | flīe n.(1) Also fliȝe, vlye, flei(e, fleh(e, fleȝe, vleȝe, vleih, fle. Pl. flīen, flīes, flīȝen, -es, vlīen, -es, fleien, -(e)s, flẹ̄hen, -es, flẹ̄ȝen, -es, vlẹ̄ȝen, flẹ̄es. |
Etymology | OE flēoge, -an. Some of the quots. under 4 may belong to flē flea. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) Any insect that flies, such as a fly, bee, butterfly, moth, gnat, beetle, locust; (b) in combs.: blak ~; blodi ~; red ~; gret or long ~, locust; bote (bode) ~, ?botfly; ~ of hound, ?dog fly.
Associated quotations
a
- c1275(?c1250) Owl & N.(Clg A.9)600 : Þat etestu..attercoppe and fule uliȝe [Jes-O: vlye].
- a1300 Bestiary (Arun 292)366 : Ðe spinnere..werpeð ðus hire web..til ðat ðer fleges faren & fallen ðer inne.
- a1350 Of Rybaudȝ (Hrl 2253)23 : Fleh com of floure, ant lous com of ladde.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)136 : He is ase þe smale uleȝe þet makeþ þet hony.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.467 : Thise flyes that men clepe bees.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)147a/a : The gnatte is a litil fflye and hatte culex.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)272a/b : A flye þat is yliche to a boter flye þat fleþ in to candel.
- ?a1400(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.2 (Petyt 511)p.305 : Alle to dede ȝode: Als fleihes doun þei fleih, ten þousand at ones; To stand non ne degh, bot felle doun als stones.
- c1400(?c1380) Cleanness (Nero A.10)1476 : Fyoles fretted wyth flores and fleez of golde.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)166 : Þat were enbrauded abof, wyth bryddes and flyȝes.
- a1425 HBk.GDei (Arun 507)135 : Ysidore telles of a litel flie [Thrn: fle] þat is cald Saura, & þis flie bitakenes grace bifore-sterand.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.m.7.3 : It resembleth to thise flyenge flyes that we clepen ben.
- ?c1425 *Chauliac(2) (Paris angl.25)149b/a : Take..of þe flyes þat hiȝte canterides foure perties.
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)2938 : In whyte schetys þey gunne hem wryen For þe bytyng off hys fflyen.
- c1450 Treat.Fish.(Yale 171)17 : The same maner of Roche and Darse with a lyne of i or ij herys batyd with a flye.
- c1450 Treat.Fish.(Yale 171)23 : In August take þe flye, þe lytyl red worme, the herlesoke & bynde þe hooke.
- c1450 Jacob's W.(Sal 103)283/6 : Abraham kecche awey flyes fro þe sacryfyse [cp. Gen. 15.11: volucres].
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)48b : A ffle: Cinomia, cinifes, musca, musco;muscosus; muscetum locus vbi h[ab]undant; muscarium, muscularium, musculatum.
b
- c1275(?a1200) Lay.Brut (Clg A.9)3904 : Her comen blake fleȝen [Otho: fleie]..Swulc fare of fleoȝen [Otho: fleien] her was, þat heo freten þet corn &..græs.
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)79a : Þet tes dogge of helle cume snakerinde wið his blodi flehen [Nero: vlien; Tit: flehes; Cleo: fleȝen].
- a1325 Gloss.Bibbesw.(Cmb Gg.1.1)763 : Uncor i ad la palenole: the rede fleye [vrr. a litel bote fleyen to wode; lite bode fle].
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)6.17 : As þe grete flye [L locusta] folweþ þe tras of þe malschave.
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)137b/a : Brucus is þe brood of longe flyes þat destroyeþ corne and gras.
- a1400 Cursor (Frf 14)5956 : To fleys of hounde [Vsp: hund-flee] ware þai likkest.
- a1500 Mayer Nominale (Mayer)706 : Hec musca: a flye..Hec musio: a grett flye.
- ?a1500 Lndsb.Nominale (Lndsb)767 : Hic siniflex: a red fflye.
2.
An insect of the family Muscidae, esp. the common fly or housefly.
Associated quotations
- c1175 Stw.57 Gloss.(Stw 57)412 : Musca: flehge.
- a1225(c1200) Vices & V.(1) (Stw 34)89/33 : Ðar cumeð to þohtes, al swo doð fliȝen to sare.
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)75b : Nu a flehe [Nero: uleih] mei eili þe, makie þe to blenchen.
- c1300 SLeg.Fran.(1) (LdMisc 108)258 : Ðe flie..a-waytez ȝwane men goth to mete..Anon so þe Dissh is i-set a-doun, heo wole beo ope þe brerde.
- a1325 Gloss.Bibbesw.(Cmb Gg.1.1)773 : Mouches: fleiez [vr. fleihis].
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)58 : Hi onwriþ þane pot, and þe uleȝen vlyeþ þerin.
- c1350 Cmb.Ee.4.20.Nominale (Cmb Ee.4.20)818 : Puce, wybet, et muche; Fle, gnatte, and flie.
- (a1382) WBible(1) (Dc 369(1))Eccl.10.1 : Fleȝis diende [WB(2): Flies that dien] leesen the swotnesse of the oynement.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)5959 : Þan sent godd þam on a flei [Göt: flie; Frf: fley; Trin-C: fleȝe].
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)5994 : Alle þe fleies [Göt: flijs; Frf: fleys; Trin-C: fliȝes] ware went awai.
- (c1410) York MGame (Vsp B.12)21 : Þer bene no flies [OF mousches] ne noon oþere vermyn as þere is in þe playn contre.
- c1465(?1373) *Lelamour Macer (Sln 5)83b : Do of that pouder in mylke and hit sleys fleys that light ther on.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)167 : Flye: Musca.
- c1450 Alph.Tales (Add 25719)72/22 : A grete multitude of fleis come vnto his wownd & satt þeron & bate hym.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)2349 : For to swele his vlyes, He stert into the bern.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)355/20 : Sweche schul ben bounden vp be the beltys til flyes hem blawe.
- c1450(?c1425) St.Mary Oign.(Dc 114)149/7 : Folowe and take flyes and flyand botirflyes wiþ childer.
3.
Combs.: (a) fle-kage, ?flytrap; (b) fle-flappe, fli-, a fan for driving away flies, ?a fly swatter; (c) fle-wing, fli-, a fly's wing; some kind of small nail.
Associated quotations
a
- (1378) Doc.in Riley Mem.Lond.422 : [One] flekage [of wood].
b
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)167 : Fly flappe: Muscarium.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)48b : A ffle flape [vr. Flee flape]: flabellum, flabrum, muscarium, muscularium.
c
- (1313-4) Acc.R.Dur.in Sur.Soc.100513 : Structura domorum..In 500 flywinges, 300 spikinges, 5 s. 10 d.
- a1500(a1460) Towneley Pl.(Hnt HM 1)231/94 : He settys not a fle wyng bi sir cesar.
4.
In proverbs and sayings: (a) something worthless; a flies bit (biting), a trifling injury; counten at a ~, to reckon (something) as of the same value as a fly; nought geven two flies; nought worth a ~; etc.; (b) the blinde eteth mani a ~, the blind eats many a fly; flen, flies, and freres, fleas, flies, and friars; ~ folweth the honi, a fly (or a bee) is attracted by honey; knouen a ~ in milk, to perceive the obvious; sihen þe gnat and swolwen the ~, to strain at a gnat and swallow a fly.
Associated quotations
a
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)8815 : Wat was þi strengþe wurþ?..ywis noȝt wurþ a flye [vr. o fliȝe].
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Rv.(Manly-Rickert)A.4192 : I counte hym noght a flye.
- a1400 PPl.B (Trin-C B.15.17)14219 [20.146] : Conscience and his counseil He counted at a flye.
- a1425(c1333-52) Minot Poems (Glb E.9)2/24 : Þai fled..And all þaire fare noght wurth a flye.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)94 : Na mare manes me þi flyt, Þan it war a flies byt.
- c1425(c1400) Ld.Troy (LdMisc 595)6240 : He ȝaff no more of his smytyng Then of a fflyes bytyng.
- c1430(c1380) Chaucer PF (Benson-Robinson)501 : Al this nys not worth a flye!
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)613 : By þat sette I naght þe worþ of a flye.
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)2516 : For Kyng R. and hys galyes, We wolde nouȝt geue twoo fflyes.
- c1450 Capgr.St.Kath.(Arun 396)4.1449 : This leude doctryne is noȝt wurth a flye.
b
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)3a : Summe..telleð me, þe siheð þe gneat & swolheð þe flehe [Nero: vliȝe].
- ?c1335 Heil seint Michel (Hrl 913)st.15 : Fleiis ȝow folowithe, ȝe swolowiþ ynow.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.441 : Thilke manere of folk ben the flyes that folwen the hony or elles the houndes that folwen the careyne.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.835 : Loo, goode men, a flye and eek a frere [vr. a ffrere and eek a flye] Wol falle in euery dyssh and matere.
- a1450(1412) Hoccl.RP (Hrl 4866)3063 : A ffye [read: fflye] folweþ the honye; Þe wolf, careyn.
- a1450 Bot witt pas (Add 37049)120 : Many a flee etes þe blynde.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)3011 : Full many flees [Dub: fleys] may fell [Dub: nott felle] bot a fewe waspis.
- c1450 Pilgr.LM (Cmb Ff.5.30)80 : If j kneewe not a flye in mylk, whan thou toldest it me, j hadde gret wrong.
- c1475-c1500 Looke well (Skeat)7 : The blinde et many a fly.
- a1500 Flen flyys (Hrl 3362)91 : Flen, flyȝes, and freris, foul falle hem thys fyften ȝeris.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
Note: In sense 2., deleted: hous ~, housefly, & Medulla quot. (Cenomia: an hous flye.)--per REL