Middle English Dictionary Entry
fēste n.
Entry Info
Forms | fēste n. Also fest. |
Etymology | OF feste & L festum. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) A commemorative religious celebration; a church holy day or anniversary other than a fast, a church festival; holden, kepen, maken ~, observe a church festival; halwen, worshipen ~, celebrate a festival; (b) the date of a church festival (on which rents and other periodic payments were made by custom or agreement).
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.Jas.(LdMisc 108)123 : Holie curche halt of ore leuedi feste þat ilke day.
- c1300 SLeg.Edm.King (LdMisc 108)2 : Seint Eadmund..of ȝwam Men makiez feste.
- a1300 I-hereþ nv one (Jes-O 29)85 : Hit neyhlechet to heore muchele feste.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)213 : We ssolle þe festes of halȝen loki.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)28260 : Þe festes þat in kyrk ar sette.
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)2.238 : Þei holden wel þis feeste.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.3457 : Þe Grekis..Halwyn þis fest..With rytis due.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Ex.23.14 : In thre tymes bi alle ȝeeris ȝe schulen halewe feestis to me.
- a1425 *Medulla (Stnh A.1.10)8b/b : Bachanalia: fest of god of wyn.
- a1450(1412) Glade in god þis (Dgb 102)1 : Glade in god þis solempne fest [Easter]!
- (c1450) Capgr.St.Aug.(Add 36704)2/11 : As it is pleynly conteyned in the epistil red in his feest.
- (a1460) Bokenham Sts. (Adv Abbotsford B3)141.202 (v.2:p.400) : Myn auctour Ianuensis reherseth certeyn miraclis, of wyche compendyously summe I shall towchyn and summe leuyn and remittyn to Ianuesse in the same fest.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)46b : To mak ffeste: ffestare, festiuare.
- a1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)193/7 : For to holde and to kepe and to worschip þe feste of the apostle, Seynt Bartholomew.
- a1500 Rule Minoresses (Bod 585)105/39 : Be it Feest or feri.
b
- (1421) Indent.Catterick in Archaeol.J.758 : Ilkan of yaim ilka ȝere a govnne acordande to ȝare degree atte ye festez And ye ȝeres vndirwrytyn'.
- (1434) Doc.in Morsbach Origurk.16 : Yef it happe the forseyde ferme to be behynde..[a]tt ony of þe festis aforewretyn.
- (1446) Deed Yks.in YASRS 63148 : Payng..vij marcs ȝeerly at two festis of the ȝeer, that is to say Martynmes and Whissonday.
- (1457) GRed Bk.Bristolpt.2 p.55 : Payable att two festis in the yere.
2.
(a) feste dai, a Jewish or Christian feast day; (b) funeral ~, funeral ceremony or mass; (c) heigh ~, heigh ~ dai, an important or principal feast day; (d) in the names of classes of church festivals [Cp.Cant.& York 17 233-4, s.v. festum]: double feste, ~ fest dai, any festival of greater dignity than a feste simple; ~ of nin lessouns = double feste; ~ of thre lessouns = feste simple; ~ of twelve lessouns, a double feste (referring to Benedictine custom); half double ~; principal ~, a festival of the highest dignity, as Christmas, Easter, Whitsunday; feste simple, an ordinary saint's day or a festival of equivalent dignity; (e) in the names of particular festivals: ester feste, ~ (of) paske, ~ of Seint Michel, ~ of tabernacles, ~ of the circumcisioun, ~ of the sondai, etc.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.Mich.(LdMisc 108)140 : Þe se hire with-drouȝ In þe feste daiȝe of þulke stude.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))John 2.23 : Whanne Jhesu was at Jerusalem in pask, in the feeste day [L die festo].
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)13131 : Sant Ion..in prisun lai, Til it com on a fest dai.
- c1400 Wycl.CGosp.John (Bod 243:Hudson)37/4 : Pask was ful nyȝ, a feesteday of Iewis.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)33/19 : Sal noht studie on þe sundais ne on þe oþir feste-dais.
b
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.7512 : To halwe and holde þe feste funeral Solempnely and þe exequies do.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)3.4695 : For to holde his feeste funerall Aftir his deth.
c
- c1300 SLeg.Kenelm (LdMisc 108)269 : Seint kenelmes day..At rome huy holdez heiȝliche and makiez wel heiȝ feste.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)7 : Þane zonday and þe oþre heȝe festes.
- (1389) Lond.Gild Ret.in Bk.Lond.E.(PRO C 47/var.)49/65 : Tapres..for to ben iliȝt on heye feste dayes.
- a1400(?c1300) LFMass Bk.(Roy 17.B.17)115 : On hegh festis or on haly dayes.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)10428 : Fair scrud on þam take For þair hei fest sake.
- c1425(c1400) Ld.Troy (LdMisc 595)2747 : Then held thei an hye feste-day Off that goddesse.
- a1425 Ben.Rule(1) (Lnsd 378)29/14 : Sal ye fast ilk day bot if it be for heȝe feste.
- c1450(c1385) Chaucer Mars (Benson-Robinson)22 : For the worship of this highe feste Yet wol I..synge.
- ?c1450 in Aungier Syon Mon.351 : The sustres schal synge ther euensonge solemply as they be wonte in hyghe festes.
d
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)6a : Ower placebo euche niht seggeð hwen ȝe beoð eise, bute hit beo hali niht for feaste of nihe lesceuns þe cume ine marhen.
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)17b : Euche fridei..haldeð silence bute hit beo duble feaste.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)213 : Þe festes principals þet byeþ yzet ine holy cherche..at cristesmesse..At yestre..Ate assencion..At lokes.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)38/32 : Þei drinken no wyn but ȝif it be on principall festes.
- (1440) Visit.Alnwick3.350 : That euery principale double fest and festes of xij or ix lessouns ye be at matynes.
- (1445) Visit.Alnwick2.115 : Ryse to matynes..in alle double festes.
- (1449) RParl.5.152a : Feiris and Markettis hold..uppon hir hy and holy principall Festis, as ye Assencion of our Lord, Corporis Cristi day, Whitsonday, Trinite Sonday.
- ?c1450 in Aungier Syon Mon.344 : In al dowble festys and festys of nyen lessons, the veyle schal be drawen at morowe masse.
- ?c1450 in Aungier Syon Mon.356 : It schal be ronge as it is in principal festys.
- (1455) Acc.St.Ewen in BGAS 15150 : A baner cloth of the Seynt for double fest dayes.
- a1500 Rule Minoresses (Bod 585)107/18,25,35 : In Festis half dowble þe orison alwey schal be seyde in myddis of þe Quere..Þese been þe half dobel Festis: Seint lucy, seint Nicholas, þe fest of Innocentis [etc.]..In festis douce dobles þe Abbes..schal go to þe lectroun.
- a1500 Rule Minoresses (Bod 585)108/29 : This been þe Festis doubles: Noel, Fest of seynt Stephen, seynt Iohn, þe Circumsicioun, þe Epiphanie [etc.].
- a1500 Rule Minoresses (Bod 585)113/33 : Festis simples or lasse be þo festis whoche be nat dowblis, ne of þe holi Croys, ne of þe awngelis, ne of þe apostlis, ne of þe Euangelistis, ne festis solempnis in some londis & some places.
- a1500 Rule Minoresses (Bod 585)114/35 : At alle double Festis þe antemys schullyn be doublid at euyn songe & matyns.
- a1500 Rule Minoresses (Bod 585)115/15 : Ȝif a fest of iij lessons come on þe daye folwinge after þe fest of ix lessons.
e
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)363/42 : Þe heiȝe feste of eastur-dai.
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3157 : Ðat nigt sal ben fest pasche, forð-for on engle tunge it be.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)9098 : Nobliche is ester feste he huld vor þis cas.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Zech.14.16 : That thei..halewe the feest of tabernaclis.
- 1389 Nrf.Gild Ret.35 : Betwixen þe feste of the Natiuite of oure lady & Misschelmasse.
- (1399) RParl.3.424a : In the morne of the fest of Seint Michell the Archaungell.
- ?c1400 Wycl.CGosp.Matthew (Add 41175:Hudson)65/179 : Þis is in an ympne of þe Feste of Cristus Boody.
- a1425 Wycl.Serm.(Bod 788)2.103 : Senofegia..was clepid among þe Jewis a feeste of tabernaclis.
- (1415) Will in Bdf.HRS 220 : In the fest of Seint Swithyn.
- (c1426) Audelay Poems (Dc 302)121/297 : Al þe fest of þe Sununday.
- (c1438) MKempe B (Add 61823)221/9 : Þe fest of Seynt Vital Martyr.
- ?c1450 in Aungier Syon Mon.343 : The utas of our Ladyes Festes.
- a1475(a1456) Shirley Death Jas.(Add 5467)23 : This was nighe the fest of Pascue.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)15/35 : Till the hyghe feste of Eester.
- a1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)16/4 : In that day ye schall haue the feste of the Circumcision of oure lord.
3.
(a) A secular celebration with feasting and entertainment (often held on church holidays); feast, banquet; at feste; feste dai, ~ time; (b) a festive company; bi festes, in groups; (c) feste calf; ~ cloth, festive dress; ~ hous, banquet hall; ~ maker, one who prepares or gives a banquet.
Associated quotations
a
- a1200 Trin.Hom.(Trin-C B.14.52)11 : At ferme and at feste.
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)85/1433 : Þe feste hi bigunne Er þat ros þe sunne.
- c1300 Lay.Brut (Otho C.13)14425 : Þe king makede feste [Clg: ueorme].
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)7165 : He ber þe croune..& mid gret semblant þe feste huld vorte þre dawes were ydo.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)166 : Hi yede to torment alsuo ase hi yede to feste oþer to a bredale.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Luke 5.29 : Leuy made to him a greet feeste [L convivium] in his hous.
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)1.91 : Þey gooþ to priue offis and to comyn feestes [L convivia publica].
- (1389) Lond.Gild Ret.in Bk.Lond.E.(PRO C 47/var.)45 : Þe brethren & sustren of þe bretherhede..shul euery ȝer come & hold to geder, for to norishe more knowelech & loue, a fest.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Sq.(Manly-Rickert)F.45 : He leet the feste of his natiuitee Doon crien thurgh out Sarray.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Sq.(Manly-Rickert)F.219 : As iogelours pleyen at thise festes grete.
- a1400(a1325) Cursor (Vsp A.3)3020 : His fader slou bath scepe and nete And made a fest to frends gret.
- a1400(?a1350) Siege Troy(1) (Eg 2862)801 : Alisaunder..helde a fest ful ryall.
- c1400(?a1300) *KAlex.(LdMisc 622)157 : Olympyas..wolde make a riche fest.
- a1422 Gild St.Geo.Nrw.(Rwl D.913)449 : Tweye persones of the fraternite..for to make þe feste and beye the clothyng.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)153/39 : Wher ben thay that helde the grete festes?
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)10.92 : To fare as a fitheler or a frere for to seke festes Homelich at other mennes house.
- (1425) Doc.Brewer in Bk.Lond.E.173 : Þe Feste of þe barbours..þe Feste of þe Cokes..þe feste of þe Armerers.
- (1425) Doc.Brewer in Bk.Lond.E.174 : To ij wemen for her travayle yn helpynge to make clene þe halle ageyns owr Feste day.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)3463 : Double fest þat day derely was holdyn With all þe reuell & riolte þat Renkes couthe deuise.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)12/26 : The kyng helde a grete feste in Whisson tyde at Vennys.
- 1466 Challenge Warw.in PMLA 22 (Lnsd 285)603 : The frenshe men hadd a gret feest of thre Courses, cc messes large..and all this feste tyme lastyng the fairest wethir that evir sigh Cristen man.
- a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sln 1986)p.55 : Of servis tel ȝou no more I wylle, For a comyne fest at home.
- a1500 Discip.Cler.(Wor F.172)44 : A grete feste day comyng, the kyng..comaunded hem to array..for hym..precious clothis.
- a1500 3rd Fran.Rule (Seton)49/21 : They schall not go in no wise to no dishonest festis, dyners or sopers.
b
- (c1300) Havelok (LdMisc 108)2344 : Þe feste fourti dawes sat.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)7161 : He sende after is barony..Þo þe feste igadered was, deol me miȝte ise.
- (c1384) WBible(1) (Dc 369(2))Luke 9.14 : Make hem to sitte to mete by feestis [L per convivia; WB(2): bi cumpanyes] fyftyes.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)492 : All þe fest was a-ferd & oþire folke bathe.
- a1500(a1400) Cleges (Adv 19.1.11)412 : Thowe haste onowryd all my fest, Old and yonge..And worschepyd me also.
c
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)333 : A man..þat in no ffeste cloþ Nas ycloþed at þe Brudale.
- c1390 Talking LGod (Vrn)352 : Þou..makest a feste, slest þe fatte feste calf.
- -?-(a1422) Gild St.Geo.Nrw.(Mackerell)321 : A Festmaker or mayster.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)46b : A ffeste howse: conuiuarium, conuiuatorium.
- a1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)193/19 : He sent to the ȝate of the feste-maker the apostle, Seynt Bertholomewe.
4.
(a) Any enjoyable occasion or event; what one enjoys or relishes, feast (for the ears); sori feste, a sad thing; (b) rejoicing, joy; maken feste, make merry; (c) feste of lif; ~ everlasting, etc., the eternal joys of heaven; (d) Luciferes ~, wormes ~, the torments of hell, destruction.
Associated quotations
a
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)4.1483 : How that a Maiden wolde lette..To haste unto that ilke feste Wherof the love is al honeste.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)5.542 : Whan love scholde make his feste, It is gret thing if he hir kisse.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)6.48 : That holde I riht a sori feste, Whan he that reson understod So soudeinliche is woxe wod.
- a1500 Parton.(1) (Add 35288)4485 : To me hyt ys a ffeste To talke amonge of suche matere That longeth to loue.
b
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)60b : Ȝeouen al earst to poure forðre to oðer freond, aleast makien feaste.
- c1300 SLeg.Brendan (Hrl 2277:Horst.)75 : We hadde ibeo in gret ioye & feste Bifore þe ȝates of parays.
- c1350(a1333) Shoreham Poems (Add 17376)142/349 : Nys no blysse ne no feste Aȝeyns þe ioye of conqueste Þet hys þorȝ god.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Sh.(Manly-Rickert)B.1517 : This marchant whan that ended was the faire..with his wyf he maketh feste and cheere.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.WB.(Manly-Rickert)D.1078 : Ther nas no ioye ne feste at al, Ther nas but heuynesse and muche sorwe.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)283 : Now haf I fonde hyt, I schal ma feste.
- (?1406) Hoccl.MR (Hnt HM 111)23 : Now can I knowe feeste fro penaunce.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)2.1485 : For I ne haue Ioye nouþer feste.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)3.344 : Who myghte tellen half the joie or feste Which that the soule of Troilus tho felte?
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)5.1677 : Of Diomede have ye now al this feeste!
c
- (c1380) Chaucer CT.SN.(Manly-Rickert)G.241 : With the palm of martirdom ye shullen come vn to his [God's] blisful feste.
- a1450 I wole be mendid (Dgb 102)110 : Among þy seyntes in heuene on hyȝt At þat feste of lif, god vs fede!
- a1450(?c1430) Lydg.DM(1) (Hnt EL 26.A.13)74/648 : Happi is he that maketh yn heuene his feste.
- a1500 Imit.Chr.(Dub 678)23/12 : As þouȝ we shuld..passe oute of þis worlde & go to þe fest euerlastinge.
d
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)13.456 : Flateres and foles..Leden þo þat louen hem to luciferes feste With turpiloquio, a lay of sorwe and luciferes fithele.
- a1450 LDirige(1) (Dgb 102)16 : Þou purchasest þy saule helle prisoun..wormes fest.
5.
maken feste, treat (someone) with due ceremony or respect, treat respectfully or in friendly fashion; pay homage, show respect, pay compliments.
Associated quotations
- a1325(c1250) Gen.& Ex.(Corp-C 444)3552 : Ðat folc..ðat calf ofrendes deden And made gret fest in ðat stede.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)156 : Þe lhord him makeþ uayr chiere and him froteþ and maker [read: makeþ] him greate feste.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.1109 : Euery wight hir ioye and feste maketh Til she hath caught agayn hir contenaunce.
- a1425(c1385) Chaucer TC (Benson-Robinson)5.1429 : In hire lettre made she swich festes That wonder was, and swerth she loveth hym best.
- a1450(c1410) Lovel.Grail (Corp-C 80)53.65 : Aȝens hem þere Ronnen A ful gret hepe, and to hem ful grete Festes made.
- c1450(1369) Chaucer BD (Benson-Robinson)637 : The scorpioun, That ys a fals, flaterynge beste; For with his hed he maketh feste, But al amydde hys flaterynge With hys tayle he wol stynge.
- a1500(a1450) Gener.(2) (Trin-C O.5.2)3091 : Hym was made grete Ioy..And festis made among them eu[er]ychon.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)88 : The kynge made hym gret chere and [he] merveiled why the kynge made hym soche grete feeste.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- a1475 VPhilibert (Brog 2.1)p.15 : By the body the spret stod and weppyd And..the body dyde repreve.."Who hath the put into this gret mysyré? Thy sollen festus be changyt into serré."
Note: New spelling: Pl. festus.
Note: Quot. belongs to sense 3.(a).
- ?a1450 Mem.Cred.(Tan 201)132/21 : For at festus buþ ofte surfetis and glotonyes.
Note: Additional quot. for sense 3.(a).
Note: List of variant spellings in the form section may not be complete. Provisional revised form section (including Supplement quot.): Also fest, (early)(SWM) feaste; pl. festes & festus.--all notes per MLL