Middle English Dictionary Entry
dōl n.(2)
Entry Info
| Forms | dōl n.(2) Also dọ̄l(e, doll, doul & del(e, deil & duel, dueil, duil, dwele, dul(e, deul, dulle & doel, doil, deol, diol, dille. |
| Etymology | OF duel, doel, deul, del, dol, doul. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) The emotion of grief or sorrow; ~ distresse; also, pity, compassion, mourning; (b) apprehension, fear.
Associated quotations
a
- a1250 Wooing Lord (Tit D.18)285 : Lafdi..leue me vnderstonde þi dol and herteli to felen sum hwat of þe sorhe.
- c1300 SLeg.Oxf.Scholar (Hrl 2277)16 : Moche del was on hire hurte.
- a1350(c1307) Death Edw.I (Hrl 2253)3 : Herkneþ to my song of duel, þat deþ haþ diht vs newe.
- ?c1335 Þe grace of god (Hrl 913)165 : Who spekiþ of deil aȝe þat del?
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)2357 : Þer was sor & del ynou among al þulke mayne.
- c1330 7 Sages(1) (Auch)119/2440 : Þe kniȝt his wif in þe wombe carf, For doel þer of a morewe starf.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)51 : A deuely dele in my hert denned.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)337 : Thow demez noȝt bot doel-dystresse..why dotz þou so?
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)558 : Þere watz much derne doel driuen in þe sale.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)1.4270 : It wolde haue made a pitus hert..Of verray dool asondre for to rive.
- a1425(?a1350) Nicod.(1) (Glb E.9)683 : For dole and als for drede he ette no mete þat day.
- ?a1425(?a1350) Castleford Chron.(Göt Hist 740)19750 : In herte he had dule and pete.
- ?a1430 ?Hoccl.Poems PS Compl.Virg.(Hnt HM 111)153 : O eerthe..wake for doel & cleue thow in two!
- c1440(c1350) Octav.(1) (Thrn)151/1425 : Grete dole þe sowdon of hym thoghte.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)704 : Are I þis destanye of dule sulde drye by myne one.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)865 : Whan Brutus sey his ffader ded..ffor deol & drede awey he nam Tyl Grece.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)870 : Thou dawly bes dede, & I to doll broght.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)69/14 : Euery man and womman had as myche sorowe and doyll in their hertt as..iff all theyr frendes had ben deid.
- c1460(?c1400) Beryn (Nthld 55)1183 : No mervell, þouȝe myne hert be sore & full of dele [rime: whele].
- c1475(c1450) Idley Instr.(Cmb Ee.4.37)1.627 : Now sike, now hoole, now Ioye, now doole; Looke, this is the loore of fortunes scole!
- a1500(c1386) St.Erk.(Hrl 2250)246 : For I was ryȝtwis..Quen I deghed, for dul denyed alle Troye.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)209 : Nygh she slowe hir-self for doell.
- a1500 Parton.(1) (Add 35288)4556 : The ffrenshe departed wyth grette deele, For Partonope, they supposed welle, Ys ded.
b
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)781 : Swiche drede & dol drouȝ to his hert, lest he ne schold neuer in world winne þat he ȝerned.
- c1450(c1350) Alex.& D.(Bod 264)89 : I wrouthe wrecheli now..Ȝif i for dul of any deþ my destene fledde, þat is markid to me.
2.
Pain, suffering, torment; also, a torture.
Associated quotations
- a1325(c1280) SLeg.Pass.(Pep 2344)1388 : Iudas, þo he was ydampned, gret deol to him nom.
- c1330(?c1300) Bevis (Auch)602 : Þis is þe ferste dai of ȝoul, Þe god was boren wiþ outen doul.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)2757 : He for dul of þe dent diued to þe grounde.
- (c1426) Audelay Poems (Dc 302)111/3 : Gret sorow and dole here ȝe may..what payns in hel were [etc.].
- c1440 Degrev.(Thrn)1752 : What dole þat I drye.
- a1450 Yk.Pl.(Add 35290)178/11 : How I in dole myght gar tham [manne-kynde] dwell.
- a1450 My trewest tresowre (Cmb Dd.5.64)7 : Þaire dulles & þaire dyntes ful drerely þou [Jesus] dreed.
- a1500(?a1430) Lydg.Pilgr.(Stw 952(1))16179 : When thow Felyst dool or Smerte.
3.
(a) The expression of grief or sorrow; lamenting, weeping, mourning; also, a lament; maken ~, to lament, mourn; ~ making, lamenting; (b) cloth(es of ~, mantel of ~, ~ cot, mourning dress; instrument of ~, mourning instrument.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (Hrl 2277)p.4 : The maide makede deol ynouȝ, that heo was evere ibore.
- c1300 SLeg.Cross (LdMisc 108)153 : Adam..made deol.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)304 : Þat deol þat made Innogen no tonge telle ne may; Heo criede & wep mid sorwe.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)8507 : Her fere Made wepeing..In al þis diol makeing, Belisent..vndede her eyin.
- c1330(?c1300) Bevis (Auch)3565 : Men made del & gret weping For sorwe.
- c1330(?c1300) Reinbrun (Auch)p.646 : King Argus made þar-fore Deul and gret pite.
- a1350(?c1280) SLeg.Concep.Virg.(Ashm 43)133 : He wende in to anoþer lond..Gret deol [vr. diol] made his wif vor him.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1318 : Þe duel þat he made for his peple was slayn.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)3776-85 : Sarȝyns..made a wonder deel..Four sithes he ful a-doun y-sowe & oþre dules made ynowe, & ofte cryede, 'Alas!'
- (a1387) Trev.Higd.(StJ-C H.1)3.449 : Alisaundre..made so grete doel [vr. deol] and sorwe, þat he desired forto die.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)2555 : For hem was made wel grete doel.
- c1400(1375) Canticum Creat.(Trin-O 57)417 : Adam..fond hire liggynge on þe grounde, Makynge sorwe & del.
- c1400(c1378) PPl.B (LdMisc 581)15.142 : For good men..gret dole [vrr. del, deel, doel] men maken.
- c1400 St.Anne(1) (Min-U Z.822.N.81)1647 : Þai made dowl full faste.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)5.2500 : Þe compleint & þe dool.
- a1425(a1400) PConsc.(Glb E.9 & Hrl 4196)6887 : Þe sorow and dule þat þai sal make Sal never mar þar cees ne slake.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)4317 : Full moche dool and moone I made.
- c1425(c1400) Ld.Troy (LdMisc 595)3113 : For in sorwe and dele-makyng Lenges non honour ne wynnyng.
- c1440 PLAlex.(Thrn)107/21 : Alexander..made grete dole for hym and weped for hym riȝt sare.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)6942 : Þe doel þat y haue herd.
- a1450 St.Editha (Fst B.3)3098 : For hurre deth he made gret deylle.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)851 : Daunsyng, & no deil, with dynnyng of pipis & þe nakerer noyse.
- c1450(?c1425) St.Mary Oign.(Dc 114)157/36 : She sorowful weyled, she desolate made dule.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)31/5 : Kynge Lotte made grete dole for his damagis and his felowis.
- a1500(?a1325) Otuel & R (Fil)2499 : With dwele and muche crye, Charlys went in hye Roulond for to se.
- a1500(?a1400) Morte Arth.(2) (Hrl 2252)2244 : There was duell and wepynge sare.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)7 : She yede anoon to the holy man..makynge grete doell and sorow.
- a1500 SLeg.Pass.(Vsp A.3)103 : Al creatures for his ded made doil & pite.
- a1500 Tundale (Adv 19.3.1)917 : They made suche dylle [vr. dole and cry]..That noyse of hem fell neght to hell.
b
- (a1398) *Trev.Barth.(Add 27944)334a/b : Tibicen, a pype..was som tyme an instrument of deole & sorwe [L instrumentum lugubre] þat men vsede in office and sepultures of dede men.
- a1400 Cursor (Trin-C R.3.8)10419 : Cloþes of deol [vrr. dele; cleþing o care] she dud on þore..& wepte sore.
- c1400(?c1382) Wycl.Lincoln.(Bod 647)230 : Ðere is..a deed caryone cropun of his sepulcre, wrapped wiþ clothes of deul.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)2 Kings 14.2 : Be thou clothid with clooth of duyl [L veste lugubri]..that thou be as a womman by morenynge.
- (1437) Invent.Q.Katherine in Sus.AC 37 (Add 32645)175 : Delivred to my lady Pelham a mantel of dueil fourred with menuver.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)4336 : Dukes and disszeperis in theire dule-cotes.
4.
(a) A distressing matter, event, or situation; ben dol to se, to be distressing or painful to behold; (b) misery, distress, plight; dale of ~, vale of tears; ~ doungoun, a prison full of misery, i. e. this World; (c) trouble, difficulty.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300(?c1225) Horn (Cmb Gg.4.27)1048 : Awai igan glide; þat deol [vr. dole] inolde abide.
- c1300 SLeg.Becket (LdMisc 108)2385 : Deul it was to se.
- c1330(?a1300) Guy(2) (Auch)p.406 : Boþe þai fel aswon þo; Gret diol it was to se.
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)1074 : Duel was to deme þe duresse þat he wrouȝt.
- a1400 Cursor (Vsp A.3)988/273* : Als mikel os scho [Maudlayn] loued bi-fore þe dele & wricchednes, Als mikel & more loued scho crist thoru hir grete godenes.
- a1425(?c1350) Ywain (Glb E.9)3493 : Gret dole es it forto se, Slike two knightes..For us sal put þamself to spill.
- a1450(c1400) Wor.Serm.(Wor F.10)39/584 : It was doel & ruthe to be-holde hym.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)616 : But þou were ryche, it were gret del.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)1347 : The Grekes gird hom to grounde..þe dyn was dole to be-holde.
- c1450(a1425) MOTest.(SeldSup 52)1045 : Of this dole had Iudas dred.
- ?a1475 Ludus C.(Vsp D.8)42/215 : Doyl it is to se þis watyr so wyde.
- a1500(a1400) Ipom.(1) (Chet 8009)7605 : Hit was grette dulle..To here that hedovs noyse & crye.
- a1500(?c1400) EToulouse (Cmb Ff.2.38)804 : They bonde þe lady..And in a depe preson hur caste: Grete dele hyt was to see!
- a1500(?c1425) Spec.Sacer.(Add 36791)107/30 : Crist dide bere his crosse..that was dool and sorowe to see.
- ?a1500(?1458) Off alle Werkys (Inscr)p.41 : Dole it is to drawe a deed body oute of a lake.
b
- a1400 Cursor (Göt Theol 107)24844 : To dole was turned al þair nede: þe wind ras gain þaim..þair mast raf.
- c1400(?c1380) Pearl (Nero A.10)1187 : So wel is me in þys doel-doungoun, Þat þou art to þat Prynsez paye.
- a1425(c1333-52) Minot Poems (Glb E.9)27/10 : Ȝe war kene, Al Inglis men with dole to dere: Þaire gudes toke ȝe al bidene.
- c1440(a1400) Awntyrs Arth.(Thrn)184 : In dawngere and dole..I duelle, Nasty and nedfulle, and nakede one nyghte.
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)2036 : Þy selue dightest þe to dol: Þe ded of me þen schalt þou haue.
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)1250 : Tyl I be putte in peynes pyt..In dale of dole..We schul be clad in a gay gowne.
- c1540(?a1400) Destr.Troy (Htrn 388)11545 : Thus Priam with pite playnet hys doole.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)3863 : Þen his dole neȝes: Þan comes..Scorpions..&..neddirs.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)86/6 : Thorow that stroke hit turned to grete dole..and tene.
c
- a1375(1335-1361) WPal.(KC 13)349 : He so dede deliuerly, þouȝh him del þouȝt.
- c1450 Capgr.St.Kath.(Arun 396)1.257 : She lerned hem sweetly, wyth-ovte ony doole [rime: foole], Both the figures and..The declynacions.