Middle English Dictionary Entry
dē̆spoilen v.
Entry Info
Forms | dē̆spoilen v. Also dispoil(l)en, dispoili, dispolen & despuilen, dispuilen, despulen. |
Etymology | OF despoillier, despoll-, despuill-, despouill-. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
Note: Cp. spoilen.
1.
(a) To take off (one's) clothes, undress, disrobe; -- refl., sometimes with of or fro phr.; (b) to strip (sb., dead or alive) of his or her clothes; ~ out; ~ naked, strip to the skin; ~ into the smoke, strip to the chemise; (c) to relieve or strip (sb. of his armor or arms).
Associated quotations
a
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)5879 : Þe Damesele dispoilled hure þanne anon; Hyr skyn was as whyt so þe melkis fom.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)1 Kings 18.4 : Jonathas dispuylide him silf fro the coote.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)Ezek.44.19 : Thei schulen dispuyle hem [WB(1): vnclothe hem; L exuent se] of her clothis, in whiche thei mynystriden.
- ?c1450 Trivet Constance (Harv Eng.938)p.241 : Men, wemen and chylderen despoyled hemselfe naked for despyte, and shewed to hym her pryuytees behynde.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)315/1 : She yode unto sir Bewmaynes bed and pryvyly she dispoyled hir and leyde hir downe by hym.
b
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)1403 : He was despuled fram heued to grounde, Marked woman & maiden founde.
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)5714 : He het anon, þar as he stod Dispoily hym.
- (c1395) Chaucer CT.Cl.(Manly-Rickert)E.374 : For that no thyng of hir olde gere She sholde brynge into his hous, he bad That wommen sholde dispoylen hir right there.
- a1400(?a1325) Bonav.Medit.(1) (Hrl 1701)615 : Some dyspoyle hym oute dyspetusly, Hys cloþys..Þey rente hem of.
- c1400(?c1380) Patience (Nero A.10)95 : Þaȝ I be nummen in Nunniue & naked dispoyled.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)2.1763 : His bodi pale lay..Lik a careyn, naked and dispoiled.
- c1440(?c1350) Mirror St.Edm.(4) (Thrn)43/10 : How..Ihesu Cryste dispytousely was dispuylede nakkynde.
- (a1460) Bokenham Sts. (Adv Abbotsford B3)101.38 (v.2:p.130) : She endid hir life and passid to oure lorde, and whan she was depoiled aftir the guyse of religious, and hir body shuld be wasshen nakid, she was founden a womman.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)1177/9 : The quene was lad furthe..and anone she was dispoyled into he[r] smokke.
- a1500(?a1390) Mirk Fest.(GoughETop 4)28/11 : Anon þay drowen hym out of þe cyte forto stenen hym to dethe..and dysplude [read: dyspulde] hym of his cloþes.
- a1500(?c1450) Merlin (Cmb Ff.3.11)431 : Other lept forth and dispoiled hem..and fonde hem formed alle as other men weren.
c
- c1380 Firumb.(1) (Ashm 33)3031 : Dispoille þis body..& arme þe on ys wede, & þanne hast þou armes gode & gaye.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)4024 : He a knyt of Grece slouȝ, And despoiled hym of his armes.
- c1400(?c1390) Gawain (Nero A.10)860 : Þer he watz dispoyled, wyth spechez of myerþe, Þe burn of his bruny & of his bryȝt wedez.
2.
(a) To rob, plunder, or ravage (sb.); (b) to ransack or pillage (a place, property); (c) to ravage or devastate (a tree, vegetation).
Associated quotations
a
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)4318 : Desconforted hii were..& þe oþere..despoylede & to grounde hom caste, & astorede hom mid hor armes.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)6238 : We fiȝteþ & beþ ouercome..Despoiled & vorwounded.
- (1340) Ayenb.(Arun 57)45/22 : Couaytise uor to..dispoyly his uelaȝe.
- (c1390) Chaucer CT.Pars.(Manly-Rickert)I.665 : Whan he was despoyled of al that he [Jesus] hadde in this lyf, and that nas but hise clothes.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)1.2906 : Thi regne schal ben overthrowe, And thou despuiled.
- c1400(?a1387) PPl.C (Hnt HM 137)14.58 : Robbours with reuers þat riche men dispoilen.
- a1425(c1395) WBible(2) (Roy 1.C.8)1 Kings 31.8 : Filisteis camen, that thei schulden dispuyle [WB(1): spoyl out; L ut spoliarent] the slayn men.
- a1425(?a1400) RRose (Htrn 409)5066 : Noon shulde hir please..That wole dispoile hym of his good.
- c1440(?a1400) Morte Arth.(1) (Thrn)4126 : Paynymes with perilous wapyns..disspetousely disspoylles our knyghttes.
- c1450 Ponthus (Dgb 185)92/7 : Oliver..come into the courte almust naked and dysspoled.
- ?c1475 *Cath.Angl.(Add 15562)36b : To Dispule, vbi to robbe.
b
- (c1391) Gower CA Suppl.(Hnt EL 26.A.17)5.143/7153* : Whan the wardeins weren war Of that here god despuiled was.
- c1425(a1420) Lydg.TB (Aug A.4)4.6357 : Þei han dispoilled þoruȝ-oute al þe toun.
- ?a1425(c1400) Mandev.(1) (Tit C.16)77/3 : Oure [lord] descended to hell & dispoyled it.
- (?a1439) Lydg.FP (Bod 263)1.2575 : Considreth..How I, for loue toward your gret emprise..Haue first my fader depryued off his myht, Rafft hym his liff, dispoiled his richesse.
- c1450 Scrope Othea (Lngl 253)65 : Propir will..enprideth the selfe..dispoilleth Paradyse and clothit hell.
- c1450(c1400) Sultan Bab.(Gar 140)2488 : The Sowdon wexe nere wode, Seinge this tresoure thus dispoyled..Laye in the dike.
- ?c1450 St.Cuth.(Eg 3309)7374 : For my kirke þou has defuyled, And als a wildernes it dispuyled.
c
- c1230(?a1200) *Ancr.(Corp-C 402)40b : Þeos..haueð bipilet mi fier..depuilet hire steort naket..& te grene bohes beoð fordruhede.
- (a1393) Gower CA (Frf 3)8.2856 : The clothed erthe is thanne bare, Despuiled is the Somerfare.
3.
(a) To take away or ruin (the mind, etc.); (b) to deprive (sb. or sth. of honor, security, beauty, etc.); despoiled of, destitute of or lacking in (sth.).
Associated quotations
a
- c1450(1410) Walton Boeth.(Lin-C 103)p.197 : For-why þe corps þat haþ the soule oppressed..Ne hath noght all dispoyled..Þe light of vndirstondyng.
- c1450 Spec.Chr.(2) (Hrl 6580)68/16 : Druncschype berez awey the mynde, ti dispolez the wytte.
b
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)1.pr.4.333 : I, that am..despoyled of dignytes, and defouled of myn name.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)1.pr.4.346 : Innocentz ne ben noght oonly despoiled of sikernesse, but of defense.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)3.pr.11.235 : Eyther alle thinges..floteren withouten governour, despoyled of oon as of hire propre heved.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)4.pr.4.40 : I desire gretly..that schrewes weren despoyled of mowynge to don yvel.
- ?a1425(c1380) Chaucer Bo.(Benson-Robinson)5.pr.5.29 : The whiche wit is naked and despoiled of alle oothre knowynges.
- c1450 Scrope Othea (Lngl 253)74 : Lyche as in tyme of werre men of armes shuld not be onsesyde of theyre armes..on the same wyse..he shulde not be dyspoyled of vertues.
- a1500(1422) Yonge SSecr.(Rwl B.490)246/7 : The world semyth like an olde katte..for she is al disspoylit of beute and of Streynth.