Middle English Dictionary Entry
dashen v.
Entry Info
| Forms | dashen v. Also daishen, dassen. Forms: pr. ppl. dashand; p. dashed(e, daishid, dassed & dashte, daishte, daste, deste; p. ppl. dashed, dassed & i)dast. |
| Etymology | ?ON; cp. Swed. daska slap, bang, Dan. daske slap, clap; G dial. tatschen clap, pat. |
Definitions (Senses and Subsenses)
1.
(a) To strike (sb., sth.) violently, as with a weapon; dash to pieces, shatter; ~ to peces, ~ a two; ~ doun, strike or knock (sb., sth.) down; ~ out, knock or dash out (teeth, the brain); ~ to deth, kill (sth.) with a blow; (b) to deliver violent blows; spread ruin.
Associated quotations
a
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)344/147 : He liete bete with stones, And daschte þe tiez out of is heued.
- c1325(c1300) Glo.Chron.A (Clg A.11)9014 : Þo þe smite of lance was ido, to þe suerd hii nome..& dasste [vr. daschte; B: dasched, daischte] mony a sseld.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)455 : A boþe half lay mani on..Wombe & side þurch out dast Wiþ launce, quarel, & alblast.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)2109 : Mani haþen þer was..Þe nekbon dassed atvo..Wiþ swerd þe bodi atvo ydast.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)9700 : Of þe þridde þe heued he daste.
- a1425-a1500(?c1350) Libeaus (Kaluza)1407 : Maugis..smitte his stede on þe heed And dasched out þe braine.
- c1425 Glo.Chron.A (Hrl 201)p.51 : Þe pykes smyte hem þoru out..And daschte and a dreynte fourty schippes.
- (1440) PParv.(Hrl 221)419 : Qvaschyn or daschyn or fordon: Quasso, casso.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)1087 : Doun þei daschen þe dore.
- c1450(?a1400) Wars Alex.(Ashm 44)3882 : A brand & a briȝt schild bremely he hentis..Dasches dragons doun.
- c1450(c1405) Mum & S.(2) (Add 41666)981 : Wormes þat..wasten my herbes, I daisshe þaym to deeth.
- a1475 Siege Troy(1) (Hrl 525)207/1735 : Ayen þe walle He dasshed him to pecis smalle.
b
- a1450 Castle Persev.(Folg V.a.354)148/2489 : Out on Chastyte!..Sche hathe dayschyd & so drenchyd..al my fere þe qwene hath qwenchyd.
- c1450(?a1400) Siege Milan (Add 31042)1072 : Samen þay wente full tytte; Thay daschede full darfely with þaire dynt..styffely bothe þay smyte.
- c1500(a1450) ALacrim.(Hrl 2274)p.279 : They dassh, they lassh, no thynge þei dred.
2.
(a) To break up (a marriage); (b) law to quash, annul.
Associated quotations
a
- c1450 Lond.Chron.Cleo.(Cleo C.4)150 : Be cause of þe same treson the sayd mariage was dasshed.
b
- (1450) Paston2.168 : In a general oyer and termyner, a supersedeas may dassh al.
3.
To beat or roll (drums); of drums: to roll, reverberate.
Associated quotations
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)8802 : Þo bigan kniȝtes rideing, Trumpes beten, tabours dassing.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)1852 : Alisaundre..His chymbe-bellen he dooþ rynge, And dooþ dasshe grete tabourynge.
- a1450-1509 Rich.(Brunner)4643 : Trumpes blewen, tabours dasshen, Mete was greyþid.
4.
(a) To proceed swiftly; rush, dash; ~ forth; ~ on, assault (the enemy); ~ togeder, clash; -- intr. & refl.; (b) to fall precipitously, collapse; ~ doun; ~ to grounde, crash to the ground.
Associated quotations
a
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)5118 : As armes!..& dasse we to her socour!
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)6283 : Forþ dassed þe king.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)7017 : V hundred of vplond..dasched on þe paiens wiþ hert gode.
- c1330(?a1300) Arth.& M.(Auch)7582 : He..out of his cite dassed him þo.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)2833 : Jn to þe cite he com dasshe Wiþ al his poeple.
- c1400(?a1300) KAlex.(LdMisc 622)7373 : And dasshen togedre wiþ grete meyne.
- c1400(?c1380) Patience (Nero A.10)312 : Þy stryuande stremez..In on daschande dam dryuez me ouer.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)572 : Castels clateren doun, cameles brosten..kne-depe in þe dale dascheden stedes.
b
- c1300 SLeg.(LdMisc 108)28/50 : He..amansede þat sori temple..A-non with þis mansingue al þat on half dachste a-dovnn.
- c1300 SLeg.Edm.Abp.(Hrl 2277)369 : In anoþer half of þe churche..hit gan dasche adoun.
- c1330(?a1300) Tristrem (Auch)2393 : Tristrem smot ogayn And þurch his body he þreste..Ouer þe bregge he deste.
- a1400 Siege Jerus.(1) (LdMisc 656)712 : Somme for deil daschde to grounde.
- c1450(?a1400) Siege Milan (Add 31042)245 : Dede he daschede to þe grounde, Mighte no worde after speke.
- c1450(?a1400) Siege Milan (Add 31042)1564 : Rowlande..stroke hym with a spere, That dede he daschede in þe felde.
- (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)1191/36 : Sir Gawayne smote sir Lyonell thorowoute the body, that he daysshed to the erth lyke as he had ben dede.
Supplemental Materials (draft)
- a1450(a1338) Mannyng Chron.Pt.1 (Lamb 131)11185 : Þe ladies lede Many fair palfray…In mud, in mires, to soille & dasche Siþen in wayres to watre & wasche.
Note: New spelling: Also..dasche.
Note: Probably belongs to sense 4.(a).--per MLL