The faithful analist:, or, The epitome of the English history: giving a true accompt of the affairs of this nation, from the building of the tower in London, in the days of William the Conquerour, to the throwing down the gates of the said city, by the command of the Parliament, which state before the secluded members were admitted, in the yeer 1660. In which all things remarkable both by sea and land from the yeer 1069. To this present yeer of 1660 are truly and exactly represented.

Remarkable Passages, The Life and Reign of King Charles.

[Anno. 1600] CHarles the second Son of King Iames, on the ninetenth day of November, in the yeer 1600. Du∣ring his Infancy he was of a very sickly constitution, and at his birth so unlike to live that his Christening was dispatched in haste, but as he grew in yeers he did grow into strength.

[An. Dom. 1602] Being two yeers old he was Cre∣ated Duke of Albany Marquesse of Ormond, Earle of Rosse, and Barron of Ardmanock,

[An. Dom. 1603] On the twenty sixth of March, King Iames had newes that Queen Elizabeth was dead, by Sir Robert Cary, for which good newes this young D. of Albany was afterwards committed to the charge and gover∣nance

of Sir Robert Caries La∣dy.

[An. Dom. 1604] On the seventh of Iune 1604. he was created Duke of Yorke, [An. Dom. 1606] and in the sixth yeer of his age 1606. he was taken from the charge of the women, Master Thomas Murray a Scot by Nation was made his Tutor, he profited exceedingly in the know∣ledge of good letters.

[An. Dom. 1611] In the 11. yeer of his age was he made Knight of the Garter, and in the yeer following he lost his Bro∣ther Prince Henry, whom he imme∣diately succeded in the Dukedom of Cornwall.

[An. Dom. 1616] On the third of November 1616. he was creared Prince of Wales and Earl of Chester and Flint.

[An. Dom. 1622] And on the eighteenth of Febru∣ary 1622. attended with the Duke of Buckingham, Sir Francis Cotting∣ton, and Master Indimion Porter, he being disguised took Ship at Dover, arrived at Bulloign in France, and ha∣ving casually had a sight of Lady Henretta Mariah, at a Mask at Paris, he rode post from thence

to the Court of Spain.

[An. Dom. 1623] On the seventh of March, he ar∣rived at Madrid, and the King of Spain being informed by Count D: Olivares what a hazzardous adven∣ture he had taken to have a sight of the Infanta, he had that Royal en∣tertainment given him, which a Princely Sutor might expect, and by his Courtly and Gallant behavi∣our, did win much on the affections of the Infanta, and the Articles of the Marriage were agreed upon, but the Pope protracting time, and there be∣ing no hope of the Restitution of the Palatinate, which was one of the gratest occasion of his Journey, having desired leave to return, he with much danger arrived at Ports∣mouth on the fifth day of October 1623.

The treaty with Spain being not now likely to proceed, it was now thought fit to negotiate a Marriage with the Princes Hennaretta Mariah the youngest daughter of France, which in the yeer 1624. was carri∣on by the Earle of Holland, and af∣terwards

concluded by the Earl of Carlile, and King Iames did seem to be exceedingly well pleased with it.

[An. Dom. 1624] On the yeer following March the seventh, King Iames died at The∣balds, and immediately afterwards Prince Charles was Proclaimed at the Court Gate, King of Great Brittain France and Ireland. The Funeralls of the deceased King were celebrated on the seventh of May, and presently afterwards were the Espousals of King Charles with the Lady Hennaretta Mariah, who on the twelfth of Iune landed at Dover, the King being then at Canterbury, did meet her the next day at Dover, His first complement unto her was, that he would be no longer master of himself then he was a servant to her. And this love he continued to the last houre of his life, for on the day before his unfortunate end, his daughter the Lady Elizabeth, with the Duke of Yorke, being with much adoe permitted to come unto him, he desired the Lady Elizabeth to

assure her mother if ever she again did see her, that his thoughts had never strayed from her, and that his affections should be the same to the last.

On the Thursday following they came from Gravesend to Whitehall with a very great company of Lords and Ladies, and the Great Guns from the Ships, and the Tower of London did thunder forth their gratulations as shee passed by them.

On Saturday the eightenth of Iune, there was a Parliament assembled, but the plague growing hot, it was ad∣journed to Oxford, where the King did put them in minde as before of necessity of putting forth his Fleet the in pursuance of the war, in which they had ingaged his father, but the began now to quarrell at the greatnesse of the Duke of Bucking∣ham, and laid something to his charge in reference to the death of his father, whereupon the King expecting monies to advance the affaires of the Kingdom, and not ac∣cusations

against those who were then the principall Ministers of state dissolved the Parliament.

The contagion raging in London, Michaelmas Terme was ordered to be kept at Redding, and speciall Instructions were given to the Judg∣es to put in execution the statutes against Recusants.

[An. Dom. 1626] On the sixth of February the so∣lemnity of his Coronation were ce∣lebrated. And a Parliament was cal∣led again on the sixt of the same moneth, where the King demanding a supply for monies, and representing that on the yeer before, the Fleet miscarried at Cuziz for wat of it, Master Clement Cooke son to the Lord Cooke stood up, and said it was better to dye by a forraign E∣nemie, then to be destroyed at home, at which most insolent words the King was much troubled, and in∣stead of satisfaction, hearing of a Declaration that was then contri∣ving by some busy heads he disolved that Parliament also.

This yeer the King of France sei∣zed

[An. Dom. 1527] on all the English ships which lay at Burdeaux and other places, and then began an open war a∣gainst England, wherefore in the yeer following the Duke of Bucking∣ham, with ten of the Navy Royall, and ninety Marchantmen, set sayl from Portsmouth, and landed at the Isle of Ree from whence in Septem∣ber following he was beaten off with the loss of 2000. common Souldiers, and fifty Officers.

[An. Dom. 1628] The Rochellers having sollicited the King of England, whom they found to be powerfull at Sea for his assistance, the King called another Parliament on the seventeenth of March, where a bill being drawn up against Tunnage and Poundage, which the King by no meanes, would condescend unto, the Parliament was adjourned the twentieth of Decemb. In the meantime the Duke of Buck∣ingham being ready again to set sayl from Portsmoth was killed by Iohn Felton, a discontented officer of the last yeers Army, who for that offence was hanged up in chaines, neer unto

the place where the murder was committed.

The Duke being slain the Earl of Lindsey was chosen Admirall, who found the Haven of Rochell so strongly barred, that it was impossi∣ble for his Ships to force their way & give relief unto the besieged who thereupon submitted to their King without delay.

In the yeer 1629. a peace was concluded betwixt England and the two Crownes of France and Spain.

The Parliament called on the yeer before was dissolved by the King who extreamly complained a∣gainst the carriages of some men in the House of Commons, who be∣ing examined by the Lord Treasurer were sent, some of them to the Tow∣er, some to the Gatehouse, and some▪ to the Fleet.

Charles Iames, eldest son to the King was borne at Greenwitch, May the thirteenth, and dyed almost as soone as he was borne; being first Christened by one of the Kings Chaplains.

[An. Dom. 1630] Doctor Layton a Schotchman ha∣ving wrote a Book inciting the peo∣ple to kill all the Bishops, had his nose slit his eares cropt, and was stigmatized in the forehead.

Peter Paul Rubin, the famous Painter, having made overtures for a peace with Spain, the said peace was afterwards proclaimed, Novem∣ber the twenty seventh 1630. In which it was articled, that the King of Spain should use all his power and interest with the Emperour for the restitution of the Palatinate to King of Bohemiah.

Charles Duke of Cornewall by birth, was born at Saint Iame's, May 19. 1630.

[An. Dom. 1621] On the twenty fifth of Aprill, the Earl of Castle-haven being Arraign∣en at the Kings Bench Bar, and found guilty of Rape and Sodomy, was by his Peeres condemned, and execu∣ted on the Tower Hill the four∣teenth of May following.

On the 4. of Novem. the Queen was delivered of her eldest daughter who was baptized Mary.

[An. Dom. 1632] The Church of Saint Pauls was this yeer begun to be repaired, and on the second of December the King was visited with the small pox.

[An. Dom. 1633] May the thirteenth, the King went to Scotland attended with a gallant train, and on the tenth of Iune he was crowned at Edenbrough, and on the twentieth of Iuly returned safe to the Queen at Greenwitch.

This yeer the Arch Bishop of Canterbury, Doctor Abbot died, and Doctor Land then Bishop of London succeeded in his place.

On the thirteenth of October, the Queen was delivered of her third son, who was Baptized Iames, and on the twenty fourth of the same moneth was Created Duke of York. Orders were sent into Scotland for the observing of the Church Disci∣pline as in England which was the the occasion of great tumults, and the sad war that followed.

[An. Dom. 1634] The Dutch this yeer began to in∣croach upon his Majesties Domini∣ons by Sea, which was defended by

Grotius in his Book intituled Mare Liberum, and answered by Master Selden in his book intituled Mare Clausum.

Writts being issued out to rayse money for a certain number of Ships to be set forth, for the de∣fence of the Nation, which then was called Ship money, some of the dis∣contented members of the former Parliament were absolutely against it and it begat a great quarrell.

[An. Dom. 1635] On the sixth of March 1635. William Iuxon, Bishop of London was made Lord Treasurer.

On the eighth of Ianuary, the Lady Elizabeth was borne, who sur∣vived her father, but dyed with hearts grief not long afterwards.

[An. Dom. 1636] In September the Earl of Arun∣del was sent Ambassadour extraor∣dinary to the Emperour.

This yeer 1636. Master Prin, Doctor Bastwick, and Master Burton in the moneth of Iune were senten∣ced in the high Commission Court, and ordered to be banished, &c.

Master Hamden refusing to pay

Ship money, sentence passed against him by twelve of the Judges, who absolutely declared for the legality of it, only Judge Hutton, and Judge Crook dissented.

[An. Dom. 1637] On the twenty third of Iune 1637. the Book of Common pray∣ers being begun to be read in Scot∣land according to the Kings orders, there began a great uprore, all the Churches protesting absolutely a∣gainst it, whereupon by the Kings Command, a Proclamation was pub∣lished, and severe penalties to be inflicted on the contemners of it, but nothing would prevail, where∣upon the Marques of Hamilton was sent down to Scotland, and a treaty there was but it took no effect, for during the said treaty the Scots had provided all things necessary for war, and not long afterward Epis∣copacy was there totally abollished.

This yeer on the seventeenth of March the Queen was delivered of a daughter, who at the Font received the name of Ann.

This yeer there were great con∣testations

in Scotland▪ two Petitions were presented against the Common prayer book, Proclamations were made at Edinborough, and severall places, for preventing of disorders, but to no effect, for the Covenant∣ers every where began to rayse Arms, impose texes, seise on the Kings Castles, and prepare for war, having chosen David Lesly an old Soldier for their Generall.

On the latter end of October, the Queen mother came into Eng∣land, which many people looked up∣on as a forerunner of mischief.

[An. Dom. 1639] On the seventeenth of March 1639. The King set forth against the Scots attended with a Royall Army, and on the seventeenth of Iune, a generall accord was made at Barwick, upon which the King pre∣sently disbanded his forces and re∣turned to London, whither he was no sooner come, but the Scot did openly protest against the Pasification, and retained the Officers of the Army in pay, hereupon the King was infor∣ced to call for the Lord Leievete∣nant

out of Ireland, whom not long afterwards he created Earl of Stra∣ford.

The Bishop of Canterbury reviving the antient Ceremonies, was loo∣ked upon as addicted too much to to the Religion of Rome.

[An. Dom. 1640] On the thirteenth of August, 1640. Another Parliament assem∣bled, and the King finding that they had no desire to assist him with mo∣ney to advance against the Scots, but were ready to comply with them he dissolved that Parliament, to the great grief both of City, and countrey.

Iuly the eighteenth, The Queen was delivered of a Son who was baptized Henry.

On the twentieth of August, the King marched towards the North in his own person, having received some large contributions from the Clergie, and a very conside∣rable number of the Gentry, At Annick he understood of a defeat given by Generall Lesly to a party of his, consisting of 3000. foot, and

1200. Horse, that Sir Iacob Ashley had deserted Newcastle, and that the Scots had imposed a task of 350. pound a day on the Bishoprick of Dirham, and 300. pound a day on the Countey of Northumberland, which sad newes did much afflict him.

On the twenty fourth of Septem. the Lords being assembled with the King at Yorke, it was resolved that a Parliament should be called on the third of November following, In the mean time the English to gain a cessation of Arms, was inforced to yeeld to the Scots unreasonable pro∣positions. This Parliament by reason of the long Sessions of it, being cal∣led the long Parliament being met, Master Prin, Master Burton, and Doctor Bastwick were released of their Imprisonment having great dammages allowed them.

The Earl of Straford, the Arch∣bishop of Canterbury, and Bishop Wren, were impeached of High treason and to the Tower, Sir Francis Winde∣bank, and the Lord Finch fled be∣yond

the Seas, and most of the Judges who had declared them∣selves for Ship money, were voted delinquents, Judge Barkely was ar∣rested by the Usher of the Black Rod for high Treason, as he sate one the Kings Bench.

[An. Dom. 1641] On the two and twentieth of March, 1641, the tryall was of the Lord Straford, which continued many dayes, and having said as much for himself as man could speak, and the King himself interce∣ding for him, it made his cause the worse, and on Wednesday the twelft of May, he was beheaded on Tower Hill.

On the second of May the Lady Mary was married to the Prince of Orange with great solemnity.

Three hundred thousand pounds was ordered for the Scotch Army to send them out of England to which they were a charge unsupport∣able.

The Parliament adjourned from the eight of September to the twen∣tieth of October, and on the tenth of

August the king went to Scotland, and came back to London on the beginning of November follow∣ing.

About the latter end of October, brake out the barbarous & inhumane Rebellion in Ireland, where above two hundred thousand persons were most barbarously murdered.

[An. Dom. 1642] On the fourth of Ianuary 1642. the King attended with divers Gen∣tlemen, came into the house of Com∣mons, and seating him in the Speak∣ers Chayre demanded five members of the house to be delivered to him, whose names were, Sir Ar. Hazelrig, Master Denzill Hollis, Master Prin Mr. Hamden and Master Sroud, but finding they were not there, he went into his coach for London, being in∣formed they were fled thither, and made Proclamation for their appre∣hension, which the Commons vo∣ted illegall and scandalous.

In February the King and Queen went to Canterbury with the Prin∣ces, wife to the Prince of Orange, the Queen understanding that the house

intended to charge her with Trea∣son went along with the Princesse her daughter into Holland. Much about this time the Bishops were quite voted down.

The king coming back to Greenwitch went afterwards towards Yorke, in the mean time the Parlia∣ment doth Seise upon the Maga∣zine at Hull, and Regiments of Horse and Foot are Listed, and the Earl of Essex appointed to be Gene∣rall, the noyse of whose preparations, doth hasten the King from Yorke to Nottingham, where he Sets up his sttandard, and much encreaseth his Forces, as he marcheth, & on Sun∣day, October twenty third, was the great Battaile fought at Edgehill, the fight terrible, and five thousand slain upon the place; He afterwards marcheth towards London, and at Brainford, defeateth a Regiment of the Parliaments, but finding how numerous the Earle of Essex Army was, that lay betwixt Brainford and London he retired to his Winter quarters at Oxford.

[An. Dom. 1643] On the latter end of February 1643. the Queen who had bin accu∣sed of pawning the Jewels of the Crown came to him, and brought great supplies of powder, Arms, and Ammunition, The ensuing Sum∣mer made the King master of the North and West. Some few places onely excepted. The Earl of New∣castle had cleared all beyond the Trent but Hull, and Prince Rupert, and Prince Maurice had redewced Bristol Exeter and all the Towns of any importance in the West, Pool, Lime and Plimotuh excepted, but making some stay to reduce Glocester the Siege was raysed by the Earl of Essex, and on the twentieth of September the famous Battaile of Newbery was fought, where many were flain on both sides, and on the next day Prince Rupert follow-the Reare of the Earle of Essex Ar∣my almost as far as Reading.

[An. Dom. 1644] The K. being come to Oxford, he Summoned a Parliament, which ap∣peared on the two and twentieth day of Ianuary, and on the Sixteenth

of the same moneth the Scots Army entred England, consisting of eigh∣teen thousand foot and two thousand horse; at this time Newark being be∣sieged by Sir Iohn Meldrum, with an Army of seven thousand, Prince Ru∣pert with four thousand horse and one thousand foot doth raise the siege: not long afterwards Latham house was relieved by him.

The Queen went from Oxford to the west of England April 16. where at Exceter she was delivered of a daughter Henretta, who not long af∣terwards did follow her into France where she still remains: on the yeer before she was brought to bed of a daughter at Oxford, whose name was Katharine, and died almost as soon as it was born.

The King having given a defeat to Sir William Waller at Cropredy Bridge, advanced after the Earl of Essex and followed him so close, that at last he forced him into Corn∣wal, his horse taking the advantage of the night, made a shift to escape, but the foot came to capitulation,

and delivered up their Arms and Ar∣tillery, there being nine thousand arms, and forty nine pieces of excel∣lent brass Ordnance, the king made such a stay in Cornwal, that before he could return to Oxford, the Earle of Essex was again in the head of an army seconded by the Earl of Manchester and Sir William Waller, and at Neubery again there was a very hot incounter in which both sides drew off by degrees, and the Parliaments side had the better of it.

Prince Rupert having marched from Latham house to York, some certain moneths before, there was a terrible fight at Marshon Moore be∣tween the army of the prince Rupert, and the forces of the parliament, where multitudes being slain, there was three thousand taken prisoners, twenty pieces of Ordnance, and a considerable number of Officers: not long afterwards York was surren∣dred, and Colonel Brown at Abing∣don performed remarkable service.

[An. Dom. 1645] On the first of Ianuary 1645. Sir

Iohn Hotham was executed on the Tower-hill for betraying his trust, and on the next day, his son follow∣ed the same fortune.

On the tenth of Ianuary the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury voted guilty of High Treason, was brought unto the Scaffold on Tower-hill where his head at one blow was severed from his shoulders by the hands of the executioner.

The town of Taunton held out gallantly against the Kings party, Pomferat was relieved by Sir Mar∣maduke Langdale, the Treaty at Uxbridge took no effect, the Earl of Essex being thought to be too mild, the Lord Fairfax is made Captain General of the Parliaments forces, in the mean time the kings force who had taken the field not long be∣fore do range up and down the countreys, and having relieved Chester they faced Leicester, and presently after began to storm it, the Kings Canons playing upon the town a whole day and a night, many breaches were made, and the con∣testation

was carryed on with much resolution on both sides, in some breaches they came to the push of pike, on Saturday they entred the town, where much treasure was ta∣ken, and in hot blood many were put to the sword.

Sir Thomas Fairfax, who (as I have said) was wholly made Gene∣ral in the place of the Earl of Essex, hearing this, advanced from Gilling to Naseby, where observing great bodies of horse to appear on the hils neer Harborough, he ordered the army to randezvouse neer to Naseby to which places the royal army made their approches.

Saturday the fourteenth of Iune, both armies ingaged, the King ha∣ving the better at the first, for Prince Rupert had routed one wing of the Parliaments horse, and followed the chace at Maston Moor so unadvised∣ly, that he left the whole body of the foot open to the other wing, who giving them a gallant charge, did put the whole army to an absolute rout, and made themselves masters of the

kings Camp, carriage and canon, and of his Cabinet also where many let∣ters were found which the Parlia∣ment afterwards published.

After this Leicester was immedi∣ately reduced, and General Fairfax, marching into the West defeated the Lord Goring, and became master of all the Garrisons in the West, and for a conclusion of all, had the City of Bristol surrendred unto him; at the same time there being no hope of relief, Pomfret, and Scarborough, and Carlile, and some other Garri∣sons in the North, did yield them∣selves unto the mercy of the Parlia∣ment, and Bazing house, which a long time had been besieged, was storm∣ed and taken by Lieutenant General Cromwel.

A great defeat was given to the Lord Hopton, at Torrington, and the same fortune attended Sir Marma∣duke Langdale at Sherburn, all being lost in the west the prince of Wales found the opportunity to conveigh himself into France.

The King marching toward Chest∣er

which was then besieged by Sir William Berton, and Colonel Iones was persued in the way, and charged in the front by the besiegers, routed at Bouton heath, where the Lord Bernard Stuart was killed upon the place, the last of the three brethren that had lost their lives in their prin∣ces quarrel.

After this the King returned to Oxford, and was so much incensed against his two Nephews, prince Rupert and Maurice, for delivering up such places of great importance in the west, the loss of Bristow did most of all perplex him, who there∣upon when prince Rupert and his brother Maurice returned to Ox∣ford did command them to be disar∣med, and would not suffer them to walk the streets with their swords by their sides as they had done former∣ly, though afterwards they were re∣stored again to all apparances of fa∣vour.

[An. Dom. 1646] In the twenty first of March, Sir Iacob Astley was beaten at Donning∣ton neer unto Stow in the Wold, in the

which fight himself was taken priso∣ner, and the kings hopes quite lost.

Wherefore on the twenty seventh of April, he left the City of Oxford in a disguse, and on the fourth of May did put himself into the hands of the Scots at Newark, who carrid him to Newcastle, which occasioned the surrender of Oxford to the Lord Fairfax on the twenty fourth of Iune following.

On the fifteenth of Iuly prince Ru∣pert went for France, and prince Maurice to the Hague.

In the midst of August or there∣abouts the Scots sold the King for the sum of two hundred thousand pounds in ready money, the Com∣missioners sent by the House to re∣ceive him, did bring him to Holmby.

On the fourteenth of September the Earl of Essex died.

[An. Dom. 1647] In the moneth of February, the Scots abandoned Newcastle, and the Parliament voted the Army to dis∣band, those onely excepted who were reserved for the subduing of Ireland; there began now to be some

contestations in the House betwixt the Presbyterian and Independant party, and the Parliament began to find that they had not the Army so much at their devotion as they con∣ceived.

On the fourth of Iune, Cornet Ioyce carried away the king from Holmby, and brought him to New∣market; on the twenty eighth of Iune he was brought to Hatfield, and from thence to Causam, where after much importunity, his children were permitted to come unto him, at whose sight he was very joyful.

On the seventh of August, the Lord Fairfax and his victorious Ar∣my, did ride in triumph through the City of London; a little before this, there were eleven of the members of parliament impeached, and Ma∣jor General Massey, and Colonel Poyntz abandoning the guarding of the City did fly over into Holland.

From Casam Lodge, the King was removed to Hampton Court, where being terrified with the apprehensi∣on of some dangers, he put himself

into the power of Col. Hammond in the Isle of Wight who secured him in Carisbrook Castle during his re∣straint: in this place he wrote that excellent Book intituled Icon Basili∣con. Propositions were here sent un∣to him by both Houses of Parlia∣ment as had been before at New∣castle, and Holmby house, to which he returned the same answer as he did then.

[An. Dom. 1648] The Parliament voted on the third of Ianuary, that no more ad∣dresses should be made unto his Ma∣jesty.

February the twenty first, Iudge Lenkins was brought unto the Bar of the House, for which he was fined a thousand pound, and a charge was voted to be brought in against him.

The Wel••h being up in arms to the number of eight thousand foot, and four hundred horse, were de∣feated by Colonel Horton.

There were several insurrections in Kent, Cornwal, Essex, Suffolk, Cambridge-shire, and other places. There was a sharp incounter at

Maidstone betwixt the Kentish for∣ces and those of the Parliaments, the fight continued six houres, at the last, the town was taken, and 1400 prisoners with good store of booty.

The Seamen revolt and refuse to serve the Earl of Warwick; the Earl of Holland riseth in arms with the Lord Francis, brother to the Duke of Buckingham, the Lord Francis was killed about King-stone, and the Earl of Holland flying to Saint Needs was taken by Col. Scroope and sent prisoner to Warwick Castle.

Sir Iohn Owen is taken prisoner in Wales, the Kentish being scattered did put themselves in the town of Colchester, which being strongly be∣sieged by Sir Thomas Fairfax, did yield upon composition, Sir Charles Lucas and Sir George Lisle were there shot to death, and the noble L. Capel was reserved for the scaffold, where he looked death in the face with an undaunted magnanimity.

The marriners that revolted being discontented that prince Rupert, and prince Mauris were there Admirals

fell off with the greatest part of their ships, and return again to the Earl of Warwick.

Lieutenant General Cromwel, ha∣ving reduced Wales, and the three Captains that were the ringleaders, having yielded themselves, whose names were Langhorn, Poyer and Powel, two whereof were afterwards shot to death, he marched against the Scotts in Lanchashire, who all∣though they were formidable in their numbers, yet he discomfits them, takes all their Foot, Canon, Armes, Ammunition; the Duke did render himself prisoner to the Lord Gray, Sir Marmaduke Langdale, and Lievtenant General Middleton were both taken prisoners.

Following this blow Lie. Ge. Crom. advanceth into Scotland, & suppressed all those that did there oppose him, and had the towns of Barwick and Carlile delivered to him.

In the mean time the Parliament recal the Votes of no addresses to the King, and ordered that a perso∣nal treaty should be at Newport, in

the Isle of Wight, but the Commissi∣oners sent thither, spent so much time before they drew towards a conclusion, that they gave the Offi∣cers of the Army the oppertunity to frame a remonstrance, in which it was declared that the King was the sole cause of all that bloodshed which had been in the kingdome, and nothing could be more expedi∣ent then to bring him to the barr of Justice; in persuance whereof, some of the officers having seized upon his person, did bring him over to Hurst Castle in Hampshire, and from thence by degrees to Windsor, and at last to Westminster.

In the mean time the Army ha∣ving purged the House of all those Members whom they conceived to be opposite to them, they did erect a High-Court of Justice, Serjeant Bradshaw being chosen to be presi∣s••dent of it.

On Saturday Ianuary the twenti∣eth, his Majesty was brought from the Palace of Saint Iames unto Westminster-hall, where being

brought up into the Court, he was no sooner sate, but the Lord president told him that they were assembled by the authority of the Commons of England to proceed to his tryal for betraying the trust repo∣sed in him by the people, and com∣manded his charge to be read, which was to this effect.

That being admitted King of England, and intrusted with a limi∣ted power to govern according to the laws for the good of the people, out of a wicked design to hold up a tyrannical power to overthrow the peoples rights, he the said Charles Stuart hath trayterously and mali∣tiously leavied war against the par∣liament, particularly on or about, the 13 of Iune 1642 at Beverley, and on the 24 of August, at Not∣tingham, where he set up his Stan∣dard of war, and on the 23 of Octo∣ber at Edgehil, and at many other times in other places, by which cruel and unnatural war by him le∣vied, much innocent blood hath been spilt, much treasure wasted,

and some parts of the land spoyled even to desolation, by which, and by granting Commissions to the prince his son, it appeareth that the said Charles Stuart is the author and contriver of the said unnatural war, and thereby guilty of all the murders and Treasons commit∣ted in the said war, for the which he is impeached, as a Tyrant, Traitor, and Murtherer, and it was desired that he may answer the premises, that such procedings and senten∣ces may be had upon him as are agreeable to Justice.

Lord President.

Sir, you heard your Charge read, and it is desired that in the behalf of the Com∣mons of England you do put in your an∣swer to it.

King.

I would know by what pow∣er I was called hither, I was not long agoe in the Isle of Wight, how I came thither it is too long to relate, I would know by what law∣full Authority I was brought from thence, and when I know that I shall answer. Remember, I am your King,

and what sins you bring upon your heads, and think well upon it, I say, think well upon it before you go from one sin to a greater; I will not betray my trust, by answering to a new and unlawfull Authority.

Lord Presi.

If you had been plea∣sed to have observed what had been-hinted to you, you would have known by what Authority it is, by that Autho∣rity, which Authority require, you in the name of the people of England by which you are Elected King to an∣swer them.

King.

Sir, I deny that.

Lord Presi.

If you acknowledge not the Authority of the Court they must proceed.

King.

Let me know by what Au∣thority I am called hither, I stand more for the priviledge of my people then any that is seated here.

Lord Press.

The Court desires to know whether this is all you will an∣swer.

King.

I do desire that you would give me, and all the World satis∣faction

in this; It is no slight thing you are about, I am sworn to to God for the peace of my Countrey, and therefore you may do well, first, to satisfy God, and afterwards the World, by what Authority you do this, There is a God in Heaven that will call you, and all that gives you power, to account.

Lord Pres.

The Court expects your finall Answer, you desire satisfaction of their A••••hority, It is by Gods Au∣thority, and thats our present worke.

King,

That Which you have said satisfies no reasonable Man.

Lord Pres.

That is in your appre∣hension, We that are your Iudges think it reasonabl.

The President commanded the King to be taken, who according∣ly was convayed back to S. Iamses. On the Munday following, the Court having met in the Painted Chamber, did order that the King should be suffered to argue to the Iurisdiction of the Court, which if he did, the President should give

him to understand, That the Com∣mons in England Assembled in Par∣liament have Constituted this Court whose power may not, nor shall not be disputed against by him.

Immediately afterwards, the Court being set the Captain of the Guard was commanded to fetch the King, and Solicitor Choe having read the Charge as before, he required the King to give his positive answer, which if he refuse, it should be ta∣ken pro Confesso, and the Court should proceed to Justice.

Lord Prisi.

I require your positive Answer.

King,

I protest against the Juris∣diction of this Court, if power with∣out Law may alter the fundamen∣tall laws of the Kingdom, what Sub∣ject is he that can be secure of his life, or Estate. And proceeding to shew Reasons why he could not al∣low the Authority of the Court, he was interrupted by the President, who told him that the Court desired a di∣rect Answer.

The King, I understand law, and

Reason, and therefore under favour, I do plead for the liberty of the people more then you do, and there∣fore if I should impose a belief upon any Man without giving reasons for it, it were unreasonable.

President.

The Votes of the Com∣mons of England Assembled in Parli∣ament are the Reasons of the King∣dom.

King.

The Commons of Eng∣land were never allowed to be a Court of Indicature: The King ur∣ging again to give in his Reasons, the President told him that his Rea∣sons were not to be heard against the highest Iurisdiction, to which the King answered, Shew me the Court where Reason is not to be heard. Up∣on these words the President command∣ed the King to be taken away, and the default recorded.

On the day following the Court met again, and the King being brought, and seated in his chaire. The President told him that it was not for him to dispute the prerogative of the Court, and being sensible of his

delayes the Court required him posi∣tively to answer whither he was guil∣ty or not guilty of the Treasons laid to his Charge.

King.

I desire to know whither I may speak freely or not.

President.

You are not to be per∣mitted to run out into any discourses untill you have given a direct answer to the matter laid in charge against you.

King,

I valve not the Charge a a rush, It is the liberty of the Peo∣ple that I stand for; Being here in∣terrupted, he proceeded, Sir you ought not to interrupt me. How I came here, I know not, there is no Law to make your King your priso∣ner.

President,

The Court once more demands your possitive Answer. To which the King replied. To give satisfaction to the people of my clearnesse, and to satisfie them, that I have done nothing against the trust comitted to me, but to alter the Fundamentall Lawes of the King∣dom, and to acknowledge a new

Court against thei•• priviledges, you must excuse me. To which the Presid. replyd. This is the third time you have affronted and disowned the Court. How far you have preserved the pri∣viledges of the the people, your acti∣ons have spoke, you have written your meaning in bloody Characters, but Sir, The pleasure of the Court is, that the Clark record the default, and Gen∣tlemen you that have the Charge of him, Take away the prisone••, who was immediately convayed back to Saint Iamses.

On Saturd••y, Iune the twenty seventh, the court sate again, and the King desired that he might be heard to speak, and hoped he should give no occasion of interrupti∣on.

President.

You may, but you must hear the court first, whereupon the President addressing himself to the Court, told them that the prisoner at the Bar hath been severall times charged with Treason, and hath been so far from obeying the Court, by submitting to their Iustice, that he be∣gan to debate their Authority, and

being required to answer he was plea∣sed to be Contumations, whereupon the Court having Considered of the noto∣riousness of the Fact were resolved to pronounce Sentence on the prisoner, but in respect he desired to be heard be∣fore Sentence, the Court was resolved to hear him.

The King told him, A hasty Sen∣tence once past may sooner be re∣pented, then called, I do desire to be heard before the Lords and Com∣mons in the Painted Chamber if it be reason, and really for the welfare of the Kingdom, and liberty of the Subject, I am sure of it, it will be well worth your hearing before my sentence be past, I therefore do con∣jure you, as you love that which you pretend, which I hope is reall, the liberty of the Subject, and the peace of the Kingdom, that you will grant me a hearing before you passe sen∣sentence.

President.

This is but a further declinig the Iurisdiction of the Court.

The King told him It was no de∣clining

the Jurisdiction, although he could not own it.

The President told him that what he offered, tended to a delay, which neither the Kingdom nor Justice could admir, but the Court was content to withdraw for a time; here∣upon the King being withdrawn, after the space of half an houre the Court did sit again, and the prisoner being brought, the President told him that the Court had withdrawn pro forma tantum, and that having considered what he had offered them, and of their own Authority, which was grounded on the Su∣pream authority of the Parliament, they had Acted according to their Confession, and being now his Judg∣es they were to know, that Judges were no more to delay then to de∣ny, and were therefore resolved to proceed on punishment and judgement.

King.

It is vain for me to dispute, I know yo•• have power enough, but I would fain know the lawfulness of that power. I do put at your

doores all the inconveniences of a hasty sentence, which the childe unborne may repent.

President.

The Court desireth to know, If you have any thing more to say before sentence.

King.

If you will grant me this delay, I doubt not but to give you some reasonable satisfaction, I re∣quire you therefore, as you will an∣swer at the dreadfull d••y of Judge∣ment, that you will consider it.

President.

If you have nothing more to say, we must proceed to Sen∣tence.

King.

I have nothing more to say.

President.

Then the Court hath something to say to you, though it will not be acceptable to you, and procee∣ding in a long speech, shewing how Kings had been executed for their misgovernment. The King desired to be heard concerning the Imputati∣ons laid to him, before that sen∣tence was prono••n••ed.

The President replied that his

time was now past and not far from Sentence & because they would not ac∣knowledg him to be a Court, they could not admit of what had to say, and the Clarke by the Presidents appointment, did read the Sentence, which was:

That for the Treasons and Crimes laid to his charge, the Court did adjudge him the said Chales Stu∣art, as a Tyrant, Traytor, and Murtherer to be put to death, by severing his head from his Body.

The sentence being read, the Court stood up in Confirmation of it, as the Act and Resolution of the whole Court. The King offered again to speak som∣thing, but the Presid. would not hear him, and commanded the prisoner to be carried away, and convayed to Whitehall.

On Munday Ianuary, 29. The King desired that he might have the happines to see his children, which was granted him, they were with him, three or four hours, and at the parting there was a sad farewell be∣twixt the Father and the children.

On the day following he recei∣ved

the Sacrament, and about ten of the clock, being attended by a Regiment, Doctor Iuxon being on the right hand of him, and Colonell Tomlinson on the le••t, he walked on foot th••o••gh the Parke from S. Iamses to White-Hall. In the way some of the Foot Souldiers reviled him, the King hearing of them did pittie them, and said, Alas poor men, they will speak as much of their own Colonell for a tester.

And going on, he desired the Bi∣shop of London and the Colonell to go a little faster, for said he I am now going for a Heavenly Crown, which I do with less trouble of Spirit, then I have often fought for an earthly Diadem. As soon as he came into White-Hall, he immedi∣ately retired himself into his caba∣net chamber, where he continued in his devotions, and dinner being rea∣dy he refused to eat, and onely re∣freshed himselfe with a Manchet and a Glass of Claret wine.

About one of the clock he was conveyed through the Banquetting

house, and a way being made through the great Window he came upon the Scaffold, which was cover∣ed with black, where he beheld two Executioners, and both of them dis∣guised with visards, which nothing affrighted him, and pulling off his doublet he was to be seen by all in a Silk Wast-coate of Azure Colour. The multitude that were on the ground making a great and confused noyse which were increased by many Troops of Horse that were neer unto the Scaffold to attend the Execution, he addressed him to Co∣lonell Tomlinson in these words.

I shal be very litle heard of any body else, I shall therefore speake a word unto you here. Indeed I could have held my peace very well, if I did not think that holding of my peace would make some men to suppose that I did submit as much unto the guilt as to the punishment; But I conceive it is my Duty first to God, and then unto my Countrey to clear my self, bo••h as an honest Man, a good King, & a good Christian. I shall

begin first with my Innocence, and introth I think it not very needfull for me to insist long upon this, for all the world knows that I never did be∣gin a war with the two houses of Parliam. and I call God to witnesse to whom I must shortly make an account, that I never did intend to incroach upon their priviledges. They began upon mine. It was the Militia they began upon. They confessed that the Militia was mine, but they thought it fit for to have it from me; And to be short, if any body will look into the Dates of the Commissions, of their Commis∣sions, and mine, and likewise to the Declarations, he will see clearly that they began these unhappy troubles, not I; So that as for the guilt of these enormous crimes that are laid against me, I do hope that God will clear me of it. I will not (for I am in charity) and God forbid that I should lay it upon the two ho••ses of Parliament, there is no necessity of either. I hope they are free of this guilt, but I believe that evil

instruments betwixt them and me, have been the chief Cause of all this bloodshed, so that, as I finde my self clear of this, I hope and pray to God that they may also. Yet for all this, God forbid, that I should be so evil a Christian as not to say, that Gods judgement are just upon me. Many times he doth pay Ju∣stice by an unjust sentence, that is ordinary. I will onely say this, that an unjust sentence that I suffer∣ed to take effect, is now punished by an unjust sentence upon me; So far I have said to shew you how that I am an innocent man. Now for to shew you that I am a good Christian I hope (poynting to Doctor Iuxon) there is good man will bear me witness, that I have forgiven all the world, and even those in particular, who have been the chief causers of my death, who they are God knowes, I do not desire to know, I pray God for∣give them. But this is not all. My charity must go further, I wish that they may repent, for indeed they

have committed a great sin in that particular, I pray to God with Saint Steven, That this be not laid to their charge, and withall that they may take the right way to the peace of the kingdom, for my charity com∣mands me, not onely to forgive par∣ticular men, but to indeavour to the last Gaspe the peace, and happiness of the Kingdom; So sirs I do wish with all my soul, that they may in∣deavour the peace of the King∣dom.

Now sirs I must shew you both how you are out of the way, and put you in a way. First, you are out of the way; for certainly all the way that you ever had yet, as far a I could find by any thing, is in the way of conquest: Certainly this is an evil way, for conquest in my opinion is never just, except there be a good and a just cause, either for matter of wrong or a just title; and then if you go beyond the first quarrell that you have, that makes it unjust in the end that was just at first; for if there be onely matter of conquest, then it is

a great robbery, as a Pirate said to Alexander, that he was the great Robber, himselfe was but a petty Robber; and so Sirs, I doe thinke, for the way you are in you are much out of the way. Now sirs, for to put you in the way, believe it, you wil ne∣ver go right, nor wil God ever prosper you, untill you give God his due, the King his due, that is, my successor, and the people their due; I am as much for them, and more then any of you; you must give God his due by regulating rightly his Church, ac∣cording to the scripture, which is now out of order, and to set you in a way particularly now I cannot, but onely a Nationall Synod freely cal∣led, freely debating among them∣selves, must settle this, when every opinion is freely and clearly heard; For the King indeed I will not, the Laws of the Land will clearly in∣struct you for that, therefore because it concerns my own particular, I do onely give you a touch of it. For the people I do truly desire their liberty and freedome as much as any body whosoever; but I must tell you, that

their liberty and their freedom con∣sists in having government under those laws by which they live, and their goods may be most their own, it is not in having a share in the Go∣vernment, that is nothing pertaining to them. A Soveraign and a Subject are clean different things, and there∣fore untill you do that, I mean, that you do put the people into that li∣berty which I speak of, they will ne∣ver certainly enjoy themselves.

Sirs, it was for this that I am hi∣ther come, for if I would have giv∣en way to an arbitrary power, that is, to have all laws changed accor∣ding to the power of the sword, I needed not to have come here, and therefore I tell you, and I pray to God it be not laid to your charge that I am the Martyr of the people. Introth sirs, I should not hold you any longer, I will onely say this to you, that I could have desired some little time longer, because I would put this which I have said in a little better order, and have had it a little better digested then I have now

done, and therefore I hope you will excuse me, I have now delivered my conscience, and I pray God you take those courses that are best for the good of the kingdome, and your own salvations.

Doctor Juxon.

Although it be ve∣ry well known what your Majesties af∣fections are to Religion, yet because it may be expected that you should speak something to give satisfaction to the world therein, I must beseech your Majesty to declare your self in that particular.

King.

I thank you heartily my Lord for this remembrance, I had almost forgotten it; in troth Sirs my conscience in religion is already, as I think, well known to all the world, and therefore I declare before you all, that I die a Christian according to the profession of the Church of Engl. as I found it left unto me by my Father: and (pointing to the Bishop of London) this I do believe, that this honest man will witnesse with me. Then turning to the Offi∣cers, he said, Excuse me for the same, I have a good Cause and a gracious

God, I will say no more. On this the Bishop of London said unto him, There is but one stage more; this stage is full of noise and tumult, it is but a short one, but you may con∣sider it will soon carry you from earth to heaven, and there you will find an abundance of unrepented joy and comfort. To this the King re∣plied, I passe from a corruptible to an incorruptible Crown, where there is no disturbance, no disturbance in the world. The Bishop melting into tears, assured him that he was ex∣changed from a temporall to an e∣ternall crown: a good exchange. After this, the King putting his hair under his cap, after some short and fervent ejaculations in private, with his hands and eyes lift up to heaven, immediately stooped down and laid his neck upon the block, and the King perceiving the Executioner prepared and armed to give the fatal blow, said unto him, Stay for the signe: and after a very little pause, stretching forth his hands, the execu∣tioner at one blow severed his head

from his body: and even his ene∣mies wept in private for what they had done in publick.

His body was put into a coffin co∣vered with black velvet, and carried from thence to his house at Saint Iamses, where being embalmed and wrapped up in a sheet of lead, it was exposed to the view of the people.

On Wednesday the 7 of Feb. his body was delivered to two of his servants to be buried at Windsor, where the next day the Bishop of London, the Duke of Richmond, the Marquess of Hartford, and the Earls of Lindsey and Southampton repaired, and buried him in a vault in St. Geor∣ges Chappel, it being the same vault where Henry the eight had beene heretofore interred.