The Swedish intelligencer. The second part. VVherein, out of the truest and choysest informations, are the famous actions of that warlike prince historically led along: from the victory of Leipsich, unto the conquest of Bavaria. The times and places of every action, being so sufficiently observed and described; that the reader may finde both truth and reason in it.

The Kings March up into Bavaria.

WE left his Majesty of Sweden lately providing for his going against the Generall Tilly: drawing his old Regiments out of their garrisons, and put∣ting new levyed men into their places. Of the old troopes, were the Rhinegraves Horse, Colonell Hogen∣dorffs Brigade of Foote, and Colonell Ʋitzthimb with his 600 men at Franckford; onely left for the guard of the Duke∣dome of Mentz (for so in the Army it began now to be called) and the Palatinate: over all which parts and forces, that wise Statesman the Swedish Chancellor Oxenstiern was to command in chiefe: whose charge moreover was, well to waite up∣on and guard the Queene of Swedens person, then left in the City of Mentz.

From which Towne the King sending the Army before, March the fourth, himselfe set forward the next day, together with the King of Bohemia, Prince Augustus of Sultzbach, &c. March 6. the Army encamps a mile beyond Franckford. Thence by Steinheim, to Aschaffenburg, where they passe the Mayn: and whence March 7. in the morning they parted. That day went his Majesty before the Army thorow the Speshart forest, unto Lohr, thirty English miles from As∣chaffenburg. Here he staid all the next day too; going the next (Thursday) morning backe againe up the Speshart Hill, to meete his Army: who that night marcht up to Lohr also.

Fryday, March 9, the Army before day brake up, and

marcht to Werenfelt on the Mayn; a league to the North of Carlstat. This day came in thirty sixe troopes of horse of the Duke of Saxon Weymars. Within a day or two, comes the Generall Banier also; whose way out of Magdenburg, was thorough Mansfelt, Iseleben, and Sangerhausen: and so by Erfurt thorough the Duringer-waldt, into Franconia. Next day, March 10, their Majesties of Sweden and Bohemia, going tenne miles further to the North-East; come to Arn∣stein to meet with Gustavus Horn: who next day comes from about Schweinfurt and Geltersheim, unto them at Tettelbach, tenne miles further. Thence went the King onwards with three Brigades of the Army, unto Kitzing; and Colonell Hepburn with other two, unto Oxenfurt; foure English miles from Kitzing. This was upon Munday, Ma••ch. 12^th.

March 15. Gustavus Horn went before with the Vant∣gard to Winshaim, twelve or thirteene English miles fur∣ther: whom the King and Generall Banier, the next day followed. Here at Winshaim, all the three armyes of the King, Gustavus Horn, and Sir Iohn Banier; together with the new levyed Regiments drawne out of Franconia, were put toge∣ther and mustered: which all together made not above 14000 Foote. The Horse were thought to be some 120 Cor∣nets: but they being advanced towards Norimberg before, and in severall places now dispersed (because of the enemy) were not at this time drawne together. These might per∣chance be some 10000 or 11000 men besides, so that all to∣gether, might make up an army of twentyfoure or 25000 strong, and no more: which is farre short of 45000, as was given out every where. From Winshaim the King went directly Southward to Dunkelspiel, about thirty English miles further: his intent being to follow Tilly into Bavaria; whither at first it was beleeved he would have gone. This was, March 19. But finding now that Tilly retreated from him towards the Vpper Palatinate; the King turnes faces a∣bout to the right, and marches directly towards Norim∣berg.

For the Generall Tilly, having hitherto stayed himselfe about Hasfurt in the Bishoprick of Bamberg; (all the time namely that Gustavus Horn was about Schweinfurt and Gel∣tershaim) now understanding the King of Sweden to be com∣ming against him; and finding himselfe too weake to abide the encounter with him that had before beaten him; he pre∣sently thereupon remooves himselfe towards the other part of his army in the Ʋpper Palatinate. Vpon Munday, March 12, he calls a Councell of warre at Hasfurt: the same day re∣mooving with his army unto Bamberg. His Quarter-master-Generall being dispatched with directions unto Cratz, in the Ʋpper Palatinate: was slaine by some Swedish Horsemen be∣twixt Norimberg and Lauff; and his letters sent unto the King. Tuesday, March 13. Tilly goes forward as farre as Forcheim, (16 English miles from Bamberg) where all his forces in those quarters met with him. Drawing out all the souldiers, and leaving the Bishopricke to shift for it selfe; he upon Thursday, March 15 goes to Erlang, mid-way betwixt Forcheim and Norimberg: where he that night makes show of his army in full Battaglia. Thence marches he to Norim∣berg, where in the Emperors name and his owne, he desires of courtesie to be furnisht with some provisions. Colonel Gallas, Colonel Holck; and some Horse of Don Balthasars, had he before sent for out of the hether parts of Bohemia; where they as then waited upon the Saxons. These came to Cratz first, by the way of Amberg; whence they all together went by Weydhausen and Averbach to meete with Tilly, at his entrance into the Vpper Palatinate: into which Tilly pier∣ced farther still and farther, after that Norimberg had this se∣cond time denied him. Those forces of his, that had hitherto laine about Nordlingen and Donawert; came now also to∣wards him as farre as Hochstat: he likewise drawing towards them, by Lauff, Altorff, and Newmarckt: whereabouts hee stayed and fortified, expecting there the Kings motions. This was about March 18, or 19. And this middle part of the Palatinate, was the best guard that Tilly could lie at: for should

the King have desired to have marcht into Bohemia, then was he right in his way to stop him: and if into Bavaria, then could he be there before, to keepe him out.

The King being at Dunkelspiel (or Dinkelspuhel) was then within 30 English miles of Donawert; and might without op∣position have marched thither, whither he made so much haste within a few dayes after. It may seeme something strange, that Tilly marcht not thither before him. But this was Ba∣variaes policy; who had newly sent a command unto him, that he should by no meanes retire into Bavaria, for feare of drawing the King of Sweden in thither after him: and of lay∣ing the field of warre in his country, which he had rather should be in the Prince Palatines Dominions. By this device, thought Bavaria both to save his owne country, and to force the King of Sweden to spoyle the Palatinate; which he would be glad enough to see ruinated. Therefore did Tilly play thus like the Lapwing, to draw the King from his own nest.

His Maiesty now perceiving, which way Tilly retired from him; alters his march (as hath beene said) and faces a∣bout directly towards Norimberg. From Dunkelspiel there∣fore marches he unto Furt; a pretty towne some 3 English miles to the West of Norimberg, where, upon Tuesday, March 20 he arrived, and encamped. That night was his Maiesty ex∣pected to have comne into Norimberg: out of which City when multitudes of people came flocking to his Leaguer, Then sayes the King (laughing) I perceive I must needes see Norimberg. This City is one of the greatest and richest of Germany; and the chiefest Passe of all those countries. It had condiscended unto the King, when he most stood in need of it; twice opposed and denyed Tilly, since that: and there∣fore they might well expect, the King should honour them with his presence. He made his entrance into it, about 10 in the forenoone, March 21. The morning was observed to be rainy and lowring; but no sooner were the 2 Kings feete set upon the bridge, but the Sunne began to make a faire day of

it: which divers tooke notice of, as a cheerefull presage of more halcyon dayes a comming. I need not tell, how welcome his Maiesty of Sweden was; how solemnely received, or how nobly he behaved himselfe againe. The King of Bohemiaes person likewise, was as much desired to be seene, by his own Subiects of the Vpper Palatinate, next neighbours unto No∣rimberg: whose gracious deportment unto them againe, I must here also passe over. The King of Swedens first comple∣ment to the Magistrates was, to ackowledge their good will towards his service; and to thanke them for their bountifull entertainement of his Field-Marshall Horn. At table, his Ma∣iesty fed, (like a souldier) upon the substantiallest and plainest meates onely; scarce touching a bit of any of the rarities, or forced dishes. After dinner, gave he audience unto some Pro∣testant Lords of Ausburg, comne thither to him from those of the Religion of that City: who presented him with 2 faire horses. After that, followed the Norimbergers presents: which were, foure very great Peeces of brasse Ordnance, with their furniture. Two Globes of the world of a reasonable bignesse, all of silver; and filled, one with new Ducates; and the other with new Gold-Gilders: together with sixe wagons of Oates, Fish, and Wine: which (in lesser quantities) is the ordinary and generall present of Germany unto Princes and Ambassa∣dors. With these Presents, there is (of course) an Oration ever presented: unto which of the Townes, the King (who is an excellent Speaker) presently returned this following answer.

I doe graciously accept of, and thanke you for this Pre∣sent, but withall I doe assure you, That the most acceptable gift you can bestow upon me, is your constancy for the Evan∣geliacall and common cause. From which I here pray you, that you never suffer your selves to be withdrawne; and that you neither yeeld unto fea••e or hope, neither to faire promises, nor fierce threatnings; neither to pleasure, nor to vanities; nor yet to any other particular passion or affection, which men are usually subiect unto: or by which they are wrought upon,

and perswaded: and in these dangerous times especially, where Mammon the Prince of this World so much domineereth. With-stand you therefore, all avarice, and love of riches: wherein the enemy, I know, will not be wanting, but will every way attempt you: they will promise, they will threat∣ten, they will doe their very uttermost, to entangle you in their springes. But for this, your selues and all the world well know, what subtill and powerfull enemies we have against us; and how strictly they be leagued and banded together, for the rooting out of all the Evangeliacall States and Princes. That way are all their devices, actions, and endeavours driven: to that Butt, aime all their attempts and their designes: and to that purpose, is all their mightines and great power employed: and in a word; All they commit, and all they omit; all their thoughts, and all their wishes, tend wholly to our destructi∣on. True it is, that outwardly they make show of suing for peace: but it should be such a peace, as that you, your State, and all other Protestants whatsoever, would be utterly and assu∣redly ruined and undone by it.

God hath preferd you to be Governours, hath put into your trust, many thousands of soules; and it is so populous a City which you rule, that I have scarcely seene the like of it: all which depend wholly upon you, and wholly doth obey you: and I doe not doubt but you will so rule them all, as you hope to give an account of it before Gods great Tribunall, and before all Christendome. You are of noble Families, your An∣cestours have, time out of mind, beene of honourable reputa∣tion in the world: walke you therefore in their worthy steps, and follow you the goodnesse of their examples. As good Patriots, doe you your duties at this time; and consider withall what God might suffer to come to passe, if you neg∣lecting his help, should now give over your selues into the hands of your enemies. How, thinke you, would they use you and yours? God hath already suffered you to see many things; hath already laid some troubles upon you; so that you have had your share in these miseries, by which God hath

shewed us our sinnes and our deservings: but yet withall hath God still saved, defended, and most powerfully preserved you. So that I cannot enough wonder, and must acknowledge it to be a visible assistance and worke of God; that the enemies hitherto have beene so blinded, and so kept backe; that they have not all this while gotten this and such other Cities, which (as the world truely thought) they have had these 2 or 3 yeeres day, fully in their own powers. Truely God hath mar∣veilously preserved you; as he hath also bin pleased to call me to this worke: for sooner should I have thought the last Iudge∣ment would have comne, then that I should come into No∣rimberg; and (as you your selues sayd) leave so farre behind me mine own Dominions, good subiects, and whatsoever else is loving and deare unto me; and to bring along with me so many brave Worthies to expose their lives, as I doe mine, for the restitution, safety, and preservation of the common Evan∣geliacall cause, and the liberttie of Germany. With this purpose I doe intend (God willing) to goe on, and to doe whatsoe∣ver shall lye in my power, and as God by his special grace shall conduct and enable me, both for you and all the rest of our friends: and I will, Ile assure you, both keepe and performe whatsoever I have heretofore promised, either by my Am∣bassadors, my Deputies, or my Letters.

Consider you therefore, I desire you, the consequence of this businesse, and for the mercy of Gods sake, remaine you constant; be not mooved at any thing whatsoever: but rather encourage you your neighbours, and such Townes especially as depend upon you.

I have not said thus much all this while, by reason of any doubt I have of your faithfulnesse and honesty, but rather to make you, who are already quicke and willing, more willing and quicke yet, by this spurre as it were of my words. God will not every day send you such a Preacher as I am, who am now here, with a desire to helpe and comfort you: to doe you all good, and to further your cause, so farre forth as God shall strengthen and enable me. Have patience a while there∣fore,

and suffer a little more yet, remaine constant, performe your duties at this time, and God Almightie; who hath hither∣to beene with you, and so marueilously shewed His helpe un∣to you, will assuredly give you his Grace also: that your City shall further flourish and encrease, your renowne shall bee spred all the World over: and wee all together shall honour, laud, praise, and blesse our Lord God, both here and for ever.

His Maiesty getting intelligence the same afternoone, of Tillyes sinking deeper still and deeper into the Palatinate; with a purpose ever as the King came neerer unto him, to hitch further still and further towards Wallenstein (who was then heard of upon the Frontiers of Bohemia and the said Pala∣tinate) the King upon these and such other reasons follow∣ing, quite againe alters his former resolution for the further pursuing of him.

1. The first reason was this. That seeing Tilly would not be fought withall single; he thought it no policy to drive him up to Wallenstein: which two if they should have joyned with Bavaria, and then all three have turnd againe upon him; they might possibly have beene too hard for him: especially in that place, which they knew and not he.

2. By this meanes, he should for the time, have laid the seate of the warre in his friends the Prince Palatines dominions: which would utterly have ruin'd them.

3. Bavaria being still entier and untoucht, supplyed his ene∣mies both with men and money: whereas were but the field of warre removed thither; himselfe should get his share of that, and cut so much of it off from the enemy: yea and the enemyes part of it too must of necessity be destroyed, by cal∣ling in Tilly to defend it.

4. This would utterly defeate the Duke of Bavariaes project,

(which the King by intercepted letters came to understand) that he would not have Tilly for this reason come into Bava∣ria; and that he had desired of the Emperour, that no army might be sent into, or thorow his Country.

5. It would kill the very hearts of the Bavarians, to see an enemy in their owne Country. For tis commonly seene, that people who are valorous enough abroad, and to keepe out the warre; are danted and amazed to see it brought home un∣to them. The firing of the beacons (where any are) or the rin∣ging of the Bells awck, (where that is used) will hardly draw them together to make head: and their hearts are quite done, notwithstanding all encouragements of fighting pro Aris et focis: for the people will give one halfe, to save the tother; the Cityes will yeeld; and the enemy in a short time, will be as strong as the Prince himselfe, in his owne Country.

6. Should hee not now hasten into Bavaria; hee could not have gotten in thither at all; or at least-wise neither so soone, nor so neere a way. There was a Fort now a building at Do∣nawert; which should he stay till it were finished, hee must then goe by Ʋlm many a league about, to get over the Da∣nubye.

Vpon these reasons (among the rest) His Majesty now turnes directly (almost) backe againe; and that with expedi∣tion too: going the same night out of Norimberg unto Swa∣bach; eight English miles to the South of it. Tillyes Forces were at the same time about Newmarckt and beyond it; be∣tweene twentie and thirtie English miles to the East of Swa∣bach. For the discovering of whose strength and lodging, the King immediately sends out some strong Horse-Partees: who upon Fryday, March 23, defeating some of those Tillians: re∣turne presently againe unto the Kings Army. Vpon our Lady Eve, the Kings forces come to Pleinfelt, Weissenburg, and Oetingen; three pretty townes betwixt Norimberg and Dona∣wert: upon the top of an hill, some English mile to the North

of this Weissenburg, stands the faire and strong Castle of Wilts∣burg, the chiefe Passe and Command of all that Countrey: into which the Count of Tilly had put the young Count of Pap∣penheim (Cousin to the Generall Pappenheim) for Governour. To him the King sending first of all, requires to have it peace∣ably restored againe unto the Marchionesse of Onspach and her children; if so be he expected to have his Fathers Lands and Castle of Pappenheim, (the very next neighbours to that place) to be well used. The message being answered by the Cannon, up goes the King the same day towards the Castle, which with eight troopes of Horse, and some sixe hundred Musket∣tiers, hee presently surrounded. Some of these Muskettiers are brought within Musket shot of the very walles; who with their continued volleyes were to amuse the enemy, untill the King had round about taken his full view, of the Fortifi∣cations of the Castle. Finding the place to be strong, and Tilly to be neere, He concludes with himselfe, That it more con∣cern'd him to leave the designe, and to march with expedition unto Donawert; then to lose his time about the strength of that Castle; whilest Tilly might in the meane time have finisht his Fort, already begun upon the hill before Donawert. Lea∣ving therefore three hundred men under Colonel Sperreuter in the towne; hee marches with the Army directly the same day unto Donawert: where, according to his intelligence, he finds the already begun Skonce but halfe perfected.

This continued expedition of his in the march, was of such consequence; that had he but stayed three dayes longer, whilest that Fort had beene made defensible; he might have beene en∣forced to have marcht about as farre as Vlm for his passage: where he had all this ••ime imagined that he must indeed have passed over the Danuby. And thus if any Army were ever said to have runne post, this of the Kings now did: even all the way from Mentz unto Donawert.

March 26 in the morning, His Majesty takes in the towne and cloyster of Kaishaim, foure English miles short of Do∣nawert: unto which Citie he the same night marched. This

Donawert hath sometimes beene an Imperiall towne, though now at the Kings comming, in possession of the Duke of Ba∣varia; to whom it came by the occasion of its having beene proscribed of late yeeres, by the Emperour Rodolphus. It is seated in the Circle of Schwaben, upon the Northern banke of the famous River of the Danuby or the Danow: which gives the name to it. This towne, and the bridge it hath over the Danuby, are the Key and Passe into that part of Schwabland beyond the River, first; and thorow that into Bavaria, by the river Lech. There were some 1200 Foot, 500 Horse, and 500 of the Bavarian trayn'd Bands, at this time within the Citie: the valiant Rodulph Maximilian Duke of Saxon-Lawenburg, (who had reskued Tilly at the Battell of Leipsich) being their Governour.

The before-spoken of, now a building Fort; was upon the top of a little hill, on the Northwest side of the towne. The hill reached from the very walles of the Towne, unto the Danuby: the Fort it selfe being betwixt the towne and river; and within Musket shot of either. It was not as yet able to doe the Kings folke any annoyance; it had no batteries finish∣ed: by it therefore did the King thinke fittest to approach. On the bottom of the hill, close to the rivers side, was there a handsome Suburb, and thorow it, a Port into the Towne. In this Suburb, the King about nine a clocke in the morning, March 26, first of all causes 500 good Muskettiers to be lod∣ged. His next worke was, on the same side of the hill, to raise up a Battery, and to mount twenty Peeces of Ordnance upon it: from whence he so flanckered the bridge, both with his Cannon and 500 Muskettiers; that the same men were able both to annoy the Towne, and to disturbe all passage over the said bridge, inward and outward. The Kings small and great shot, continue playing all this whole day after, up∣on the Port, the bridge, and a great Storehouse likewise on the side towards Bavaria; in which there were two troopes of horse, and some Foote of the Tillians lodged. About nine at night the King beginning to perceive, that could he but

flancker the bridge on the other side of the Towne also, he might utterly cut off by that meanes, both their reliefe and retreate; he instantly, to this purpose, sends Colonell Hebron with his Brigade, round about the Towne over Harburg bridge, (five English miles from Donawert towards the North) which standeth upon a little River that runneth tho∣row Donawert into the Danuby. Sir Iohn Hebron having pas∣sed this bridge, marches downe to the West side of the Towne; where having a little after midnight, silently dis∣posed his men in covert along in the gardens and most advan∣tageous places under the Wall: he so orders the matter therup∣on, that no man could passe either over the Danow bridge, or out at the Western Port, but he must of necessity fall under his advantages. Those within the Towne, now perceiving (to their terror) that they were neither able to resist the King, nor to stay the expectation of reliefe; thought a little before breake of day, to have under favour of the darkenesse marcht out of the Towne over the bridge, into that part of Schwabenland towards Bavaria. This designe of theirs, was hindered by Colonell Hebron; who now flanckering the bridge much neerer then the King on his side did, gave them such uneasie passage: that though Saxon-Lawenburg and some few with him got safely over, yet the rest that would have followed, were by those volleyes so cut downe; that their dead bodyes even covered the most part of the bridge; and foulely encumbred the whole passage of it. The rest yet with∣in, seeing their retreate that way to be cut off; made a salley out at the West Port, upon Hebron: and were to their losse repulsed.

The King thundered all this while upon the other Port with his Cannon; and they within, still fearing his entrance that way; were resolved once againe to venture the forcing of their passage thorow Hebron; who they knew to be the weaker. Boldly sallying thereupon, they were by Hebrons Brigade so courageously the second time entertained: that betwixt three and 400 of them being cut downe, and 400

taken prisoners: Hebron in the height of this heate, at the same time enters that Western Port also. There were of Eng∣lish Voluntiers that waited upon Colonell Hepburn in this action (and with the formest) my Lord Craven, Master Ni∣cholas Slanning, and Master Robert Marsham.

Sir Iohn Hepburn being thus gotten in, and having first cut in pieces all resistance; his souldiours fall immediately to plundering: where many a gold chaine, with much other plate and treasure of the enemyes, were made prize of: they having wanted leisure before, for the conveighing away of their riches.

By this time, was the King likewise entered at his Port; who immediately gives command, that none of the Burgers houses should any more be plundered, (which some of the Souldiors had already begun to doe) onely what they could find of the Bavarian Souldiours, should be lawfull booty. All things after a while being quieted, the King sendeth for Sir Iohn Hepburn; unto whom, before the King of Bohemia, the Palatine August, and divers other great personages, he ascribes the honour of this action: as being the man who had first counselled him, that he might be sent about by Harburg bridge; and for having had so good successe, with so little losses. The Count of Solms his Foote Regiment, was put into the Towne for garrison; and Colonell Schneidewin left Governor. Order was also taken for the free exercise of the Protestant Religion, to be restored in the Towne the Easter following.

Donawert being thus taken upon the 27 of March; (which for all the dayes in the yeere was the Duke of Bavariaes Birth∣day) about tenne a clocke, the same morning, are there 500 Dragooners first, and twelve Cornets of Horse after them, sent out with all speed to pursue those of the enemyes troopes, that betweene five and sixe in the morning had escaped over the Bridge, with the Duke of Saxon-Lawenburg. These Horse and 500 Dragooners being dispatched away, Colonell Hebron with his Brigade marches over next of all; with or∣der

to lodge himselfe by the aforesaid Store-house, at the South end of the bridge. Here he immediately raises up a very large Halfe-Moone, for the guard both of his men and the bridge, should the enemy now fall up∣on him.

The Dragooners and Horse aforesaid, advance all along a goodly champion country, towards a Castle of the Fuggers; which was some 3 English miles from Donawert, and another from the Towne of Rain. Within it, were 400 souldiers and 12 Peeces of Ordnance; and about it, was a very deep Graff or moate. The defendants now perceiving the Swedish-troopes thus to approach them; and finding by the example of Dona∣wert, no expectation of reliefe: they had thought at first to have quit the Castle, and to have made their retreat over the bridge at Rain. These the Dragooners now intercepting, kill 200 of them upon the place; the Horsemen making prisoners of the residue. The Swedish Horse-Partee, was commanded by the Grave von Hochtuitschy (as I heare his name pronounced) which I suppose should be the Bohemian Baron Cochtitscky, who had beene at the Battell of Leipsich, and with Gustavus Horn since that, at Bamberg.

Vpon the Danuby, (some 15 or 16 miles to the East of Do∣nawert) stands the towne of Newburg: from whence Wolf∣gang William, (one of the Princes Palatines and cosin to the Elector,) hath his title of Duke of Newburg. He had here∣tofore beene a Protestant: but since he was turnd Papist, and becomne one of the Catholike-Leaguers; he had much hindred his Mother and 2 brethren, in the exercise of their religion: which see complaind of, in the Diet of Leipsich. The elder of these 2 Brethren, Prince or Palatine Augustus of Sultz∣bach, (often heretofore mentioned) now desires the King to send him out with 1800 horse, and 2000 Foote, to the town of Hochstat and other places, in the Duchy of Newburg: which had beene preserved from Popery, by the courage and authority of their Mother, the old Duchesse of Newburg. This towne of Hochstat, does Prince August now seaze up∣on:

and full of ioy were the people, to be thus freed from their feare of the threatned Popish persecution. From this towne, Ʋlm, and Lawingen, was the Kings campe so long supplyed with Provisions, untill their entrance into Bavaria. A little after this time, was the said Lawingen taken by the Swedish forces, that lay about Ʋlm. It is seated in a most fruitfull plaine, having the Danuby on the South, with a bridge over that: and belonged unto the said Wolfgang William, the eldest Duke of Newburg. And thus was he begun withall for having shewed himselfe an enemy, by relieving of the Impe∣rialists, after he had treated a Neutrality.

March 30 hath the Generall Banier, a great mind to take in Newburg also: for which purpose is there a strong Partee of Commanded men drawne out of the whole army: one Rott being taken out of every Company. They might make about 3000 Foote, and 1000 Horse; and were divided into eight troopes. All these marching away upon the North-side of the river, (the towne standing on the South,) find the place too strong to be in so short a time surprised. Generall Banier, upon hope of prevailing by the terror of the King of Swedens name, directs his letters into the Towne: which not taking, he was faine to turne backe againe into his Quarter. The King was something pleasant with his Generall, for having lost his paines: and askt him, if he thought to take in the towne by a skurvy letter? The towne was voluntarily afterwards forsa∣ken by the Tillians, after the Kings victory at the Lech. Had Banier at this time taken in the towne: the King by that bridge had gotten into Bavaria.

The Generall Tilly, (whom about the 18 or 19 of March we left about Newmarckt in the Ʋpper Palatinate) having notice of the Kings making towards Bavaria; was by this time come by the way of Ingolstat bridge, into the said Duchy of Bavaria. By the beginning of Aprill, hath the King drawn all his army also an English mile out of Donawert, unto Nor∣theim, namely, some 2 miles more from the river of Lech: which divideth the Circle of Schwaben from Bavaria. Tilly

now perceiving the King to have the mysterie of getting of bridges; breakes downe that, in his power, over the Danuby betwixt Newburg and Rain; and that other over the Lech at Rain also, which is more then Musket shott beyond the towne. This Rain he fortifies; and the better to keepe the King from passing any where over the Lech, he layes his army all along upon the Bavarian shore of it, betwixt Rain & Aus∣burg. The length it reacht, was neere upon, if not altogether, sixteene English miles. Not that his Army was then so bigge, as in one continued body to reach out sixteene miles together; but that severall Companies and Regiments, were layd here and there scatteringly at a distance; with some Guards and Sen∣tinels now and then betweene, all the way from Rain unto Ausburg.

The King perceiving, how Tillyes maine intention was to keepe him out of Bavaria; sees no better means how to get in∣to it, then by forcing a bridge over the Lech aforesaid. To find out the most aduantageous place for that purpose, and in the providing of necessaryes for the bridge, are the first foure dayes of Aprill employed. In the meane time, comes Duke William of Saxon-Weymar from about Erfurt in Duringen, with those 10000 Foote, and 1500 Horse, which hee should before have joyned with Gustavus Horn in Bamberg.

The Duke, Aprill second, marching thorow Donawert; conjoynes them the same day unto the Kings army: then en∣camped about Northeim.

The next day, Aprill third in the afternoone; was there a Trumpet brought blindfolded into the Kings presence: his message (as I find it written) was to require Letters of safe-conduct for the French Ambassador, then resident with the Duke of Bavaria. The Duke, perchance, would faine have treated: but I doe not find that the King was very forward to suffer himselfe to be the second time abused with that stale tricke of entertaining such a Treaty, as he might suspect to be intended, meerely to delude action.

Whilst some are employed about finding out this best place

of advantage for the bridge; the King gives order unto the Swedes his Carpenters, and unto the Fins, his Pioners; to breake downe the houses of the neighbour villages; and to bring such timber, plancks, and boords, as might be fit for a bridge-worke. The place appointed for the working of the bridge, was at Oberendorff; a small Dorp some halfe an English mile from the very point, where the King intended to lay it over. The place resolved upon, was betwixt Rain and Thierhanbten; just upon a point of land: made so, by the crooking or bending of the River. The ground on the Kings side, was a pikes length higher banckt, and playner withall, then that on Tillyes: which was both lower, and wooddy. There was a tryall made first of all, to lay a floate∣bridge; but the River would not endure that: for notwith∣standing it be not above thirty or forty paces over at the most, yet by reason of the straight course of it, the streame sets very swift and violent.

All the materials being now prepared; the King about nine at night, upon the fourth of Aprill, advances some 1000 Commanded men, unto the place aforesaid. Two houres af∣ter, they begin to worke a running Trench round about the crooked banke of the River, that the Muskettiers out of that, might with more security give fire into the Wood on the other side of the River. This Line or Trench, had a great Battery at each end of it, for halfe and quarter Cannon: toge∣ther with many lesser Batteryes betweene, all along about the Point, for the smaller field pieces to play upon: which were every-where intermingled with Muskettiers also. Whilest the Pioners are thus a working, the King in divers other places (both above it and below) gives false fires and Alarms, both with Muskets and smaller fielding peeces, for to amuse the enemy; that till the morning they could not imagine where to find him.

By sixe on the Thursday morning, Aprill 5. was this worke finished, the Cannon mounted, the Arches or Tressels for the bridge, with the planckes and other materialls, all

brought; and ready to be laide into the River. These Tres∣sels, were to have great stones or weights tyed unto their legges, to sinke them withall; and were to be no longer, then to reach just unto the bottome of the River, so that the planckes were to lye even almost with the very Water. The longest Tressels were about foure yards long: which were for the channell of the River. By that time it was day-light, Generall Tilly begins to perceive the Kings designe, and falls to worke against him in the Wood: whose Pioners when the King heard chopping downe the trees, he gave order im∣mediately unto his men, to give them a Salvee or a Good mor∣row (as he cald it) both with their Cannon and their Muskets. About 8 a clocke the same morning, the King in two small Boats that he had, sends over the Swedes and Fins his Pioners and Carpenters, unto the other side of the River. The de∣signe was, to have them make up a small Halfe-moone, with a Stocket or Pallisadoe unto it: which should both answer that small worke that Tilly had made for his Muskettiers to lodge in, almost right before the said point of the River: and to cover the Bridge withall, from the greater shot; which this Halfe-moone still latched. The Fins and Swedes laboured upon the worke, and made good the place; till that about 4 a clock in the afternoone, both it was finished, and they relieved.

The King all this while, is diligent in laying over his bridge, and Tilly as busie to raise up Batteryes to beate it downe a∣gaine. The King himselfe stird not all that night, nor the next day, from the very end of the bridge: nor the King of Bohemia from him, for the most part. Tilly upon the edge of the thicket, close unto the River, raises up a Trench first, to lodge his Muskettiers in, as we told you: and about Musket shot further within the wood, gives or∣der for the making of a very great Worke: that if the King should put over his bridge, he might by power of that Worke, and by cutting downe of the trees about it; have beene able (at least) to have hindred his further passage. The small and great shot, goe off incessantly on both sides all this while; and

they continue thus with extreme hot execution upon one an∣other, till about eleven a clocke at noone the same day. About which time, the Generall Altringer with the shot of a Field∣peece (which grased upon his temples) was spoyled and car∣ryed off in the Duke of Bavariaes owne Coach. Whether hee dyed of the blow, shortly after, was not a great while known in these parts: though now it be sure he is indifferently well recovered, and with Walenstein. Some say, that hee be∣came crazed in the braine upon it: for mine owne part, I would be loth it should be so: for then hath that shot, spoy∣led one of the best Head-peeces of Germany, one of the nea∣test Schollers of the Empire.

The Bavarian Captaines found this so hot a service; that Tilly himselfe was enforced to come up to the point, and into the very face of the danger, to give directions: where with∣in halfe an houre after Altringers mis-chance; he also received a Musket shot in the thigh a little above the knee, which proo∣ved a mortall wound unto him. This fatall accident of this brave old Generall, did so amaze, not the Common souldi∣ours alone, but the Duke of Bavaria himselfe also; (who now staid behind in the groave with the Infantery:) that so soone as ever the sad newes was brought unto him, not∣withstanding he were Generalissimo over the whole Forces; yet he instantly tooke horse upon it, posted with all speed into Ingolstat; not staying so much as to give order, either for the continuing of the begun designe, or for the marching away of the army.

Tilly being carryed off, and the Duke gone: the after∣noone is spent on the Kings side, as the forenoone had beene; which was with uncessant thunders and volleyes of small and great shot. Among the Bavarians, those that under∣stood of the spoyling of their two Generalls, and the flight of the Duke, by degrees and disorder, they one after another retreated from their Charge: whilest others that knew not of it, stoutly maintained the encounter. Little dreamt the King of it all this while: whose men still continue their

working. By foure in the afternoone, is the bridge finisht: as 2. houres after, the little Halfe-moone and Pallisadoe also are, on the other side of the water before the end of the bridge. This done, the Kings owne Company of his Life-guards is sent over the bridge, for the manning of the Halfe-moone; for feare the enemy should have fallen upon it. In the begin∣ning of the night, other of the Bavarians begin to retire, and to draw off their Ordnance; and that in such haste, that they forgot to command off their Out-guards, which lay all along upon the side of the River.

The next morning, the King sends over a Partee of some thirty Scottish Muskettiers commanded by Captaine Forbes, to see what the Bavarians were doing in the Wood; for that he had lately heard no more of them. Here could Forbes find but two Horse-Sentryes upon the edge of the Wood; whom he tooke prisoners: who when they were brought unto the King, protested that they were ignorant of the re∣treate of the rest of their fellowes.

But to returne a little backe. The King not knowing of Tillyes wounding, or the Dukes fleeing; durst not adventure that evening to put his forces over the bridge: but spends the rest of the night in drawing up his army before it. This be∣ing done, order is given unto the Infantery or foote, to march over in the first place: and of all them Sir Iohn Hep∣burn with his Brigade was to have the honor of the Ʋant∣guard; The King understanding by Forbes of this great and unhoped for newes; he alters thereupon all his former inten∣ded resolution: commanding the next morning, Aprill sixth, 500 Horse first, and 300 more after them, to passe over in∣to the Bavarian forsaken Quarters. The first 500 being ad∣vanced thorow the Wood, and into the plaine beyond it; there cut downe a many of the Bavarian straglers, that had beene too slow in following of their fellowes. Some other Swedish troopes are instantly also commanded towards Rain; which though Tilly had left reasonably well fortified, yet this former feare amongst his party, made it nothing so re∣sistable

to the Swedish. They presently entring the Towne, find some wagons, and many horses, ready laden with the ene∣mies goods; which are made good booty: but the Towne pay∣ing 30000 dollars to the King, are freed from pillaging. This was the first Towne, that the King tooke in Bavaria. There was it understood, that both the Duke of Bavaria, and the two wounded Generalls, parted the night before towards Newburg; whither they first retired: and from thence with as many of their Army as were then comne to them, unto In∣golstat.

To returne to the King and his Leaguer. The rest of that Fryday, Aprile sixth, is spent in the marching over of more Horse, and of three Brigades of Infantery: together with most of the Artillery. The Infantery already marcht over, en∣campt that night upon the edge of the plaine, a little without the Wood: the rest that were left behind, sitting downe just before the bridge.

And now for that such as are skilled in the Arts of war, will desire to be satisfied with the reason, as well as to heare the successe of the Action (in which oftentimes Chance may have as great a share, as Wisedome:) we will therefore affoard them a briefe discourse upon the Kings great Iudgement, as well as we have done the relation of his fortune.

The reason of the Kings putting over his bridge at this place was, that hee might have the better conveniency, both by flanckering it on either side to defend it from the annoyance of the enemy; and that being as it was, just upon the Point: it could not be touched by Tillyes batteryes, which were on each hand of the bridge, though he very often removed his Can∣non to that purpose. For notwithstanding Tilly had (with as much judgement and advantage as possibly might be) raised his Batteryes, not cloase unto the Rivers side, but at a di∣stance from the banke: yet were all his shot so kept off by the round and sudden shouldering away of the banke of the River at either end, that his Ordnance could not possibly come to beare upon the bridge; but that either the bullets fell short and

were latcht by the little Half-moone, or hill upon the high banke above the bridge; or else flew quite over the whole leaguer. As for the raising of a Battery right before the face of the point; that could not Tilly on the sudden come to doe: for besides that he was hindered by the wood; the fury of the Kings both small and great shot, would at so neere a di∣stance have spoild him as many men, as had adventured upon the service: and the Kings Batteryes being first up, would not suffer Tilly to mount any of his Cannon right before him.

And yet for all this, there appeares to be more then a hu∣mane direction in it: seeing the King was made constant a∣gainst all the minds and judgements of his greatest Comman∣ders. For when the day before, he asked the advice of his a∣blest Generalls; and they, notwithstanding they saw him so farre already engaged in the action, as he could not come off with his honor; had freely (all of them) professed their utter dislike of the designe: yet did the King plainely tell them, that he continued against all their reasons, constant unto his owne purpose. Yea, there appeares not onely a more then humane direction, but a benediction also, in the easinesse of the attaining of the passage: which very much exceeded all the Kings owne hopes of it. For when the day before he percei∣ved Tilly to begin to worke against him; he apprehended so much danger in his owne designe, that should he loose but 2000 men in winning of his passage, he should thinke (as he confessed) that he had made a thrifty purchase of his en∣trance into Bavaria. When the next day (in like manner) that himselfe being marcht over with the Horse, had with his owne eyes perceived how sufficiently Tilly was providing to entertaine him; he blest himselfe for his good successe in it: saying to the King of Bohemia, and divers of his Com∣manders then about him; That this dayes action was neere of as great a consequence, as that of Leipsich.

And so indeed it is worthy to be esteemed by all souldiours. When Cardinall Pasman (the Emperours Ambassadour with

the Pope) had the first newes brought him of this victory, and of the manner of it: hee to his friends pronounced A∣ctum est, There is an end of all: which some interpreted to be meant of the Empire, and of the Romish religion. Caiaphas (you know) did once prophecy. All this, as it gives us cause to admire Gods great providence, in creating such a place as this crooking of the Lech, (and God surely had a purpose in it:) so it wonderfully likewise commends the Kings judge∣ment, for so suddenly and so solidely apprehending the advan∣tage of it. And yet, for all this, had not the King escaped so cheape, as with the lives of two thousand brave men; had not He that directed Davids sling-stone into Goliahs forehead; gui∣ded one bullet unto Altringers forehead, and another into Tillyes thigh-bone: had not this brave old Count beene thus spoyled, the King had found but an unfriendly well-come into Bavaria, from that second and greater Worke, which Tilly had laboured upon, from sixe in the morning to eleven, but not yet finished. That worke I meane, which is before mentioned in the wood. And yet would there have falne out another diffi∣cultie, which the King could never till then come to know of. Thus. Suppose he had peaceably passed the bridge; & Tilly had let him doe it without disturbance: yet would not the place, (hee being over) have suffered him to have charged the Ba∣varians, with above two Brigades in front; and that, by rea∣son of advancing thorow the Woods, necessarily in disorder too; neither of which two could possibly have beene avoy∣ded: As for the Bavarians, they could have answered him from the Plaine, with sixe Brigades in front; and by advantage of the plaine ground, all in order too. They might also have had the advantage of their already planted Batteryes; especi∣ally if that great one had beene perfected: when as the Kings on the other side of the River, must necessarily all this while have beene silent, or have shot into the enemy, thorow his owne people.

And this is the Story of the Kings bridge over the Lech: the description wherof we have thought worthy to be here in

Figure imparted unto you. A Peece it is, though not of so curious an Architecture as that of ten dayes worke over the Rhine, wherein Caesar so much pleases himselfe in the large and accurate description of it: though, doubtlesse, it will proove as famous. Wee by this also see, what the losse of a brave Generall is. Constantinople held out manfully against the Turkes, so long as Iustinian the Generall was unwounded: but he fainting at the losse of his owne blood, and going from the walles; and the Emperour after him, (as the Duke of Ba∣varia now did after Tilly) that famous Citie was at that as∣sault conquered, and the Easterne Empire too, presently after it. And this is the Action of Thursday the fifth of Aprill, a day almost as famous as Wednesday, the former seventh of September.

The Explanation of the Letters in the former Figure of the Bridge.

• A The King of Sweden: and the King of Bohemia by him.
• B The Bridge.
• C A Trench or Brestworke; in which the Kings Musket∣tiers were lodged: betwixt the severall Batteryes of the great Ordnance. Which Muskettiers, are represented by the small stroakes, made right forwards.
• D Divers little Field-peeces.
• E Plat-formes or Batteryes for the Kings greater Cannon.
• F The Halfe-moone with its Pallisadoe or Stocket, beyond the Bridge; and for the guard of it. It was scarcely bigge e∣nough to lodge a hundred men in.
• G A little Vnderwood, or low Bushy place.
• H A place voyd of Wood: which was a Bache, sometimes over-flowne.
• I A Brestworke, for Tillyes Muskettiers.
• KK Tilly and Altringer: or the place where they were shot.
• L The high Wood, where the Duke of Bavaria stood.
• M Tillyes great Batteryes to shoote downe the Bridge.
• N A small riveret running thorow the Wood.
• O Tillyes great Brestworke; not yet finished. Begun at sixe in the morning; and left off when he was shot.
• P Some Horse-guards of Tillyes: layd scatteringly here and there all along the river, from Rain to Ausburg.
• Q The Kings Horse-guards, and Horse-Sentryes.
• R A hole in the earth, or casuall advantageable place; where∣in some of the Kings Foot were lodged.
• S The Hill behind Tillyes great Worke.
• T. The fashion of the Tressels, or Arches for the Kings Bridge.

Vpon Saterday, April 7, that part of the Cavallery which had marched over the day before, advanct further into the country, under the command of Gustavus Horn; and the In∣fantery yet on the further side, marcht over to the other troopes already in Bavaria: with whom, in the plaine be∣fore the wood, they were all drawne up into Battaglia. This done, and the King with his whole Army now come over into Bavaria, and a small garrison left hehind him in the town of Rain; he marches forward towards Ausburg. Order is likewise given to the Cavallery yet left behind, to advance onwards upon the Schwabland side of the Lech (where they yet were;) and to bring the greater Cannon along with them; which the King as yet durst not adventure over his new made bridge. That same Saterday night, the King takes and lodges in, the Towne and Cloister of Thierhaubten, a pretty Towne on the East side of the small riveret Aicha: which is the same that runnes along by the Lechs side, thorow the Wood where Tillyes late Quarter was. The next day the Vantguard of his Maiesties Horse, tooke in the Towne of Friedberg: the Magistrates bringing out the keyes to them.

Whilest the King was upon his march towards Aus∣burg, there came an Ambassador to present himselfe unto him. His message was, to excuse the Duke of Newburg, con∣cerning his admitting of Tilly into his Towne and Countrey; and to iustifie it to be no breach of the Neutrality. The King gave him a round answer. That they had deceived him, promi∣sing much both by letters and Ambassages, and keeping no promise: but giving leave rather and aide unto the enemies, to passe and repasse; sending him Ordnance and Ammunition: receiving his garrisons; advancing forward, helping and fa∣vouring him in all things: nothing respecting my letters, (saith he) but threatning my Trumpet and shooting at him. The Ambassador being much perplexed at this answer, with a trembling voice, and more humbled posture, replies; That he had letters from his Highnesse his Master: whereunto his

Maiesty very suddenly returned, Your Master is like you, and you are like your Master; you doe nothing but devise toge∣ther, how to deceive us Protestants: but I hope to pay you for it. The King went onwards againe; and the Ambassador having letters also unto Prince August, desires his mediation unto the King, for the admittance of a Bavarian Ambassador one Spierinck: but no answer would the King vouchsafe un∣to it. At length the King sent him word backe, that he should cause 200000 pound of bread, and 300 tunnes of beere, to be forthwith delivered unto his army: and if for the time to come they would shew themselues true friends, they should then expect his Maiesties further pleasure and declaration to∣wards them. Soone after this, the King receives tidings of the enemies finall quitting of Newburg Towne; and that they had broken downe one of the Arches of the bridge, for feare of being pursued: and carried away 6 Field-peeces, and some powder and shot along with them. Hereupon is Colonell Landsberger with five hundred Horse, dispatched a∣way to take possession of that City: to repaire the bridge; and to suffer no body, (especially of the Councell or chiefe Magi∣strates) to goe out of the gates of it.

Sunday, April 8 about 5 at night, the King arrived at Lech∣hausen, a small Dorp within lesse then 2 English miles of Ausburg.

This famous City, 10 English miles distant from Donawert, is seated in Schwabland upon the river Lech, over which it hath 2 bridges into Bavaria. Tis one of the greatest and rich∣est of Germany: and hath this honour aboue all the rest, that it gives title of distinction to the Protestant Religion: which, ever since it had by learned men beene agreed upon at this towne, hath beene called the Augustane Confession. The hin∣derance of the exercise of which Religion in it, had beene complained of by the Leaguers of Leipsich. Since which time, the priviledges had likewise beene infringed; Popish Magi∣strates and garrisons put upon them; and the Protestants disar∣med. Thus then, the King, who professes himselfe most prin∣cipally,

to be the friend and Patrone of all the wronged Im∣periall Cities in generall; had more especiall reasons to deli∣ver this above all the rest: for if Iudea of old, were accoun∣ted an holy Land; and the warres for the recovery of it, Ho∣ly warres: and that principally for reverence unto the Law, which first went out of Sion: then was there a good degree of piety also in this endeavour of the Kings, for the deliverance of this City.

The King at his comming before the towne, found 4500 souldiers in it: which by these degrees came up to this num∣ber. Vnto their former garrison, are 1500 Bavarians thrust in, March 15. The Lord Otho Henry Fugger being Governor, brings 4 Companies more of the Fuggers souldiers, into the Suburbs of S^t. Iames. March 25 are 2 other Bavarian Com∣panies put in. April 3 both Tilly and Altringer come into the towne, to take order for the souldiory: and Colonell Breda, then preferred to be Generall, hath order to strengthen his gar∣rison with 600 Foote, and 400 Horse more. In the end of March, were the Protestant Citizens disarmed: their Armes be∣ing fetcht from house to house by 40 muskettiers. And this was the present state of the City.

The King being encamped at Lechausen, first of all beates in their Out-guards, which those of Ausburg had laid thereabouts. They thereupon burne downe their bridge be∣fore Lechausen; raise up a worke to keepe the King from com∣ming over there, and shoote incessantly at his people. He sending out some Dragooners to answer, and beate them off; pitches his campe immediately in the plaine Campagnia, at such a distance from the wals of the City of Ausburg, as a Can∣non might even almost range her bullet at randome to it. The rest of the day, and the Munday following; the King labours about the laying of 2 bridges over the Lech: one above the Towne, and another below it. This same Munday, he like∣wise causes some intercepted packets of letters to be opened; by which he understood the present constitution of the City: the double feare that the garrison had; that is to say, of the

Protestants within, (should they recover their Armes) as well as of the enemy without the Citie. Some prisoners af∣firmed also, the hopes they had of Tillyes or Cratzes com∣ming to relieve them. The King exceeding loth to deface this faire Towne, which his care of it had rather receive up∣on faire delivery, writes his Letters the same day unto them. The Contents were, An admiration of His Majesty at the Townes-mens behaviours in these Warres; that whereas they needed not to have meddled, yet had they sundry times recei∣ved in his enemies. For which, although hee had just cause to requite them, by destroying them and their Citie; yet giving way unto his naturall clemency, (which tended alwayes to preserve all he could from their owne destruction) He there∣fore did now make proffer unto them of his Grace, if so be they did presently discharge their garrison, and declare them∣selves for his Majesty.

The Citizens answer was, They were extremely perplexed that His Majesty had conceived any offence, at their receiving a garrison into their Citie: which they protest to haue beene done, not to oppose him, but that they had beene enforced to it by their obedience unto the Emperour. And had His Maje∣stie preuented that Imperiall command, and offered them a Swedish garrison first, they would neuer haue refused it. And whereas the licencing of their garrison, was a thing aboue their power: they humbly besought His Majestie to make them some gracious offer, and aduise them to depart q••ietly. A faire Answer.

Together with the Kings Letter, did Gustavus Horn (now come backe unto the Kings army) send this word unto the Governor of the Towne, that he supposed him to be a Gen∣tleman, who desired to shew himselfe no lesse prudent and profitable, then resolute and couragious for his Masters ser∣vice. And therefore he thought him farre enough from so dangerous an ambition, as might induce him to hazard so re∣nowne a City of the Empire: whereby instead of preserving it with reason, he should lose it rather and overthrow it,

by a too late repentance, and a course unevitable. And if he trusted upon the numbers of the people, yet he could not be confident upon the strength of his Fortifications: and as the valour of his men had as yet gained no renowne, so could he no wayes expect any succours from the Duke of Bavaria; who upon the last defeate received neere Rain (where he lost both his highlyest esteemed Generalls Tilly and Altringer) had no greater care at that present, then to save his owne head. Therefore doe I (saith he) offer my selfe to intercede for you with the King my Master, to make a faire and a rea∣sonable accord with you: wherein, (were I but once assu∣red, that the Towne would be forthwith freed of her garri∣son) I doubt not to prevaile with him.

To the Townes-mens answer, the King thus replyed. That he was glad to heare they were not willing to hazard their flourishing estate; nor to make conjunction with his enemyes, or opposition against him: but yet did he once more advise them to discharge their garrison, which hee knew well enough were no way able to withstand so numerous a people as the Burgers were; much lesse to fight against such an Army, as himselfe now had. Yet neverthelesse in favour of the City, would he not refuse them some equitable agree∣ment, but was willing to condiscend unto some reasonable conditions with the said garrison.

This gracious answer received, the Popish magistracy now calling in the Protestants; cause them (which they knew would have more Credit with the King) to witnesse with them unto his Majesty, that the garrison had beene forced upon them, by the earnest commandement of the Emperour; and that by threatnings mixt with promises, had the abso∣lute command both over the souldiours and the Citizens, beene put into the hands of that present Governor. Where∣fore, seeing the discharging of the garrison was not in their power, and that they feared, the Governor would not out but upon faire termes; unlesse which were granted, the bu∣sinesse might runne to such extremities, as might tend to the

destruction of so noble and flourishing a State. Therefore did they most humbly beseech his Majesty to consider, that all the Protestants being now disarmed, and disabled thereby to assist the well inclined Catholikes, in any forcible attempt against the garrison: he would let this be an argument unto him, to grant so gracious conditions unto the said Governor, as might induce him to depart presently. And so by the boun∣ty and Clemency of his Majesty, should their City be preser∣ved from the threatned ruine and desolation.

All this moved not the Governor nor his garrison; there∣fore had the King other arguments to perswade them. All this time went his two bridges on, which were no sooner finisht, and the King ready to march over, and to bring his men to approach the walls; but they who had thundered all this time with their Ordnance, as if they intended to worke wonders; send out to the King to desire a calme parlee, ere ever they came to shot of Musket. Tis best treating (you may perceive) with a mans sword in his hand: and to joyne an armed Orator in Commission with a Gowned.

The next day, Aprile tenth, the Bavarian garrison of 4500 Horse and Foote, march forth of the City; being all for the most part, new levyed people. The King himselfe now asking them whether they would forsake the Emperor, and serve him; 500 of the old souldiours presently came over and tooke pay of him. The rest marcht away with complete armes, and were convoyed unto Landsberg. Into their roomes, did the King put 24 Companies of Foote, and foure Cornets of Horse which were enquartered round about within the City, next unto the walls of it. The Count of Hohenlo or Hollock was appointed Governor, and yong Ox∣enstiern had the Command over the Militia.

Wednesday, Aprill eleventh, the King being yet in his Quarter at Lech-hausen, commands the Catholike Councell, the Protestant Deputies, and the Guards of the City (which last were all Papists) to appeare before him. The Romane Catholikes he displaced, restoring the Protestants to their for∣mer

offices. The priviledges were still continued unto the Towne, without any diminution of their Charter.

Whilst the King was at this siege, some 2000 Boores (or thereabouts) having gotten together in the Woods and Mountaines, were now comming downe towards Ausburg. The King hearing of their approach, does them the honour to goe out in person against them with a Partee of 500 Horse; before whose comming the Boores were already fled, and dispersed: Captaine Hobb had taken fright at the sight of certaine small troopes of Horse, ere ever the King could come neere him. These Countrey people being displeased with the new contributions; r'allee more of their fellowes together upon the same quarrell. All assembling towards the end of the month about Schrobenhausen, (mid-way betwixt Ausburg and Ingolstat) overlay and kill some fiftty Swe∣dish Souldiours; and not kill them onely, but like Boores in∣deed, mangle and misuse them, savagely cutting off their noses, &c. In revenge of which and other the like prankes; the Swedish burne 200 of the Boores Dorps and houses. The Boores having now no houses to goe to (such is the mi∣sery of the warres) runne with open mouth and stirre up their Cosins and neighbours of Schwaben and Tirole: the event whereof we shall anon tell you.

Vpon the fourth of Aprill, betwixt eleven or twelve at noone, his Majesty made his Royall entrance into Ausburg: where the first thing he did, was to goe into Saint Annes Church, which had formerly beene taken from the Prote∣stants. Being here accompanyed by his Majesty of Bohemia, and waited upon by Palatine August, Duke William of Saxon-Weymar, Iohn Duke of Holstein, Christopher Marquesse of Ba∣den, with many Princes, Lords, &c. He was entertained into the Church with the Organs and Quire singing. After which was sung the 103 Psalme: and then followed the Sermon, preached by Doctor Fabritius the Kings owne Chaplaine, upon Psalme 12. verse 5. The words were fitted to the occasion. For the oppression of the poore, for the sighing of the

needy: now will I arise (saith the Lord) I will set him in safety from him that puffeth at him. After the Sermon, followed a most solemne Thankesgiving for the victory. Many teares were shed, and many a heart leapt for joy, at this Exercise. After the Sermon and Thankesgiving, was Te Deum, or We Praise thee O God, sung in High Dutch; the Organs playing as before: the like being done throughout all the Churches of the City.

From thence, both their Majesties, &c. went to the great market place, called The Wine market: where there was a guard made of some souldiours, whilest the Citizens tooke their Oath unto the King. It was read by Philip Sadler, Councellor of State and Secretary.

The Contents were. 1. To remaine faithfull and loyall to his Majesty, and the Crowne of Sweden.

2. To further the good and wel-fare of the same; and to hinder and prevent all prejudices and domages of it.

3. To doe all those things, and performe all those Duties to his Majesty: which Subjects owe unto their naturall Prince, and lawfull Magistrate. So helpe them God, both in soules and bodies.

Heereupon, the new Councell of the City being sent for, and the King consulting awhile with them apart: went to his lodging at the Lord Marquard Fuggers house, where dinner was provided for him. After dinner, followed the Presents; which received, his Majesty went to the State-house and the Storehouse; wherein besides plenty enough of all military provisions, he found a magazine of Armes (all moderne fashioned & good) sufficient for 30000 men, as they of the Towne have written it. The King gives order to have the Towne new fortified; to have foureteene Skonces and Bastiles built about it: and the City to be restored to the exercise of their owne Augustane Confession.

Ausburg being taken order for; the King Aprill 15. leaves the City, and marches by Friedberg unto Waho: which (as I take it) the Mapps write Aicha, as one Relation also

doth. This Aicha is a walled Towne, and 10 English miles on∣ward of his way to Ingolstat, whither he was now march∣ing. Hereabouts was the King met by an Ambassador from Duke Albertus of Bavaria, second brother unto the ruling Duke Maximilian. The Ambassador humbly presents unto his Maiesty, that his said Master Duke Albertus, had alwaies hitherto behaved himselfe as a quiet Prince, having never been a partaker in all these differences. For which reason his hope now was, (which favour he also craved) that his Maiesty would spare his poore Children, Subiects and Country; and not trouble them with any military charges or molestations. To all which the King replyed, That the King of Bohemiaes Mo∣ther and Brother had not beene spared, by the other party; notwithstanding they had no wayes engaged themselues in these warres: but on the contrary, all their estates had with∣out all iustice and reason beene taken from them. The Gen∣tleman perceiving the Kings resolution by his answer, re∣turnes with it to his Master: who presently packs up, and retires with his Lady and Children into the neighbour Bi∣shoprick of Saltzburg: whither the Duchesse of Bavaria, wife to the Duke now in action, was with-drawn beforehand. Duke Albertus is glad after this, to send another messenger unto the King, to compound for the rating of the contributi∣ons of his Country.

The next day, April 16. the King continues his march to∣wards Ingolstat: with his whole Army both Horse and Foot, now put into Battaglia; the Cannon marching upon their right hand. In this order he still advances, till he comes with∣in sight of Ingolstat: where by reason of a certaine Morasse, he is enforced to quit that forme of marching. Leading them therefore forward still, (according as the place would suffer him) he comes within 2 English miles of the towne: where for that night in plaine Campagnia he encamped. The next day he advanc't further; passing in the way by 3 or 4 bridges, over some little brookes that runne that way into the Danuby. Passing on therefore beyond Stinne, till the Vantguard were

comne within musket-shot almost of the very walls of Ingol∣stat: he close by the gallowes bridge began to cast up a Re∣doubt and a Halfe-moone, upon that side of the bridge, namely, which is neerest unto the Towne. The reason of the Kings approaching so neere the walls, was; because of a hope he had upon some Correspondents in the towne, by whose meanes he trusted to have it rendred. This day and the next, were spent in working: not at the Gallowes bridge onely, but in casting up a regular Trench for the safeguard of the whole Army, which was now brought within Cannon shot of the Towne.

This Towne of Ingolstat (which hath an Ʋniversity of Ie∣suites in it) is one of the very strongest pieces of all Germany. It belongs unto the Duke of Bavaria; notwithstanding the Danuby be betwixt it and his Country. The Approaches to∣wards the towne, be troublesome; and the Fortifications about it, very good. Two bridges it now had over the Danuby; one within the towne, and another without it; which last is the same we called the Gallowes bridge, right before which, the King was encamped. This was guarded with 2 great Works, on the same side the King lay on.

The Duke of Bavaria, was by this time marcht quite tho∣row Ingolstat: and lay now encamped with his whole Army on the other side of the Danuby: hard by the banke of it, and so onwards towards Ratisbone. So neere the King, that hee might well discerne them out of his Leaguer: though he could not come at him.

They of the towne, shot very fiercely all this while with their great Ordnance, into the Kings Trenches: with which first and last, they kild him some three hundred souldiers. The first night after, (which was Thursday, April 19.) some of the Towne issuing out, made a show of themselues by one of the Forts neere the Gallowes bridge. The King upon sight of them giving out a wish, that he had some brave fellowes which would undertake them: divers troopes both of Horse and Foot presently making out, beat them backe into the said

Halfe-moone, and enter it pell mell together with them. But the piece being open behind, no sooner were the salliers recei∣ved that way into the towne; but that the Ordnance from the walls beat the Swedish out againe: it being not to be holden, by reason of that lying open behind unto the Towne Ord∣nance.

On Friday morning, April 20, the King going out to give some directions to his Horse-guards, that lay before one of the enemies bridges a little without the towne; had his Horse shot under him with a Cannon bullet of 14 pound weight. The shot tooke him about the hinder skirt of the saddle; with the force of it turning both Horse and King over and over. The King with this tumbling up and downe, having onely hurt his legge a little; was quickly gotten upon his feete againe. The first word he spake after it to the Squire of his body that then waited upon him, was, How could they possibly come to hit me? I thought I had beene in covert. Mounting forthwith upon his Squires horse, he comes riding off unto his Quarter. The same day the young Marquesse Christofer of Baden (otherwise called Durlach) had halfe his head shot off, as he was commanding his troops close by the same place, where the Kings horse was shot. Iust the same houre of the Marquesses death, dyed the Generall Tilly within the towne: and that of the wound received at the Lech, after the taking of 4 Splinters out of his thigh. There was a mortall enmity of old, betwixt Tilly and this Marquesse: which caused the King to make observation, How fatall one place and houre, proved to 2 such enemies. The Marquesses death, made the King more apprehensive of his own danger and delivery: the meditation whereof, formed it selfe into this religious Orati∣on, publikely uttered by his Maiesty before divers of his chiefe Commanders in the Camp before Ingolstat.

The late and unfortunate death of the Marquesse of Baden (whose fall I am most heartily sorry for, because of those rare vertues that were eminent in him, not unfit to be pub∣lished to the world) and that thundering Cannon shot withall,

doe put me in mind that I am but mortall, and subiect to the same mischances, which the meanest of my subiects are liable unto. It is an universall decree, which neither my Crowne, my Birth, nor my Victories, are any wayes able to reskue or exempt me from. What therefore now remaineth, but that I wholly resigne up my selfe unto the providence of the Al∣mighty? who though he may please to call me out of this world, yet will he not for all that, abandon this so iust a cause, as I have now undertaken for the re-establishment of the Germane liberties. He, doubtlesse, will raise up some o∣ther more wise, more couragious and valiant then my selfe; who shall put a period unto this warre. I know that the good successe which it hath pleased God to affoord me in my enterprises, hath made some to enuy me: who also labour to perswade the simple, that I endeavour nothing more then mine owne profit; by the robbing and spoyling of others. But I in this case call all those Princes to witnesse, whom I have againe re-established into their own rights and inheri∣tances: and those Creditors also, of whom I have borrowed such hugy summes of money, as at Franckford and else∣where: yea and the dangers too, which I daily expose my Person unto; whether or no I have left mine own kingdome, and those that are Dearest to me in this world, for any other end, or with any other intention, but onely to pull downe the tyranny of the House of Austria, and to obtaine a solid and a settled peace unto all men.

This Oration of the Kings was here interrupted, by the ioy∣full acclamations of the Auditory, and the cheerefull promi∣ses of their best assistances: all of them with teares beseeching his Maiesty, to be more carefull in time to come of adventu∣ring his Royall Person; and to continue his first resolutions: as they for their parts there vowed, to persist in their fidelities.

Vpon Sunday, April 22. had the Danish Ambassador his Audience of the King. The French Ambassador Monsieur de S^t. Estienne, resident with the Duke of Bavaria, was come

from Munchen to the Kings Leaguer, to mediate the condi∣tions of a peace. That night went the King of Sweden unto Newburg; whither he was accompanied by the King of Bo∣hemia, Prince Palatine August, Iohn Duke of Holstein, &c. They tooke a particular view of the Fortifications of the Towne; of the Church, Colledge, and Magazine. There they lodged that night; and returned very early next morning unto their Leaguer.

The King having beene 4 or 5 dayes already before Ingol∣stat, and perceiving now his correspondency to faile him within the towne: he having at all no purpose of making a long siege of it, resolues to rise and goe towards Munchen. Vpon Munday therefore April 23 first sending abroad Gusta∣vus Horn with sixe thousnad men, to make some spoile up∣on the Dukes Countrey; he gives order to his army to be rea∣dy for their departure. The next day, Tuesday 24. The whole Army rises: of which, this was the order. First, are some Horse sent away before; and after them the Baggage; and then the Cannon and Infantery. The rest of the Horse, together with 600 Swedish Muskettiers, were left behind with the Ge∣nerall Banier, to make good the Retreat.

The last men still left behind upon the Point (that is, in the Halfe-moone and Redout by the Gallowes Port) were no soo∣ner drawne off; but the Towne garrison, (even before the Swedish were gone full musket shot from the place) by de∣grees possesse themselues of the Kings Works: for now one comes stealing and peeping in, to see if all the enemies were gone; and then comes another or 2; and so more, one after another. With this, doe the Towne Horse sally likewise, (about some 12 troopes of them) and upon an advantageable place, which was iust upon the passage of the second bridge, and when the Forlorne Hope of the Kings Horse (who still man'd the Reere) were to passe the said bridge, doe they fiercely charge the Forlorne Hope aforesaid. They giving the Alarme thereupon to the next Body of the Reere; Generall Banier instantly faces about towards the Sallyers, with his

Cavallery: bringing forward some of his Muskettiers with∣all, to m••••e the enemy giue something backe from the Passe. Banier being thus returned backe againe ouer the Passe to∣wards the enemy, they retire skirmishing: till they had led the Swedish on to a second place of aduantage, at the Morasse afore mentioned. Here making Halt or a stand; Banier so presses upon them, that hee beats them from this aduantage also. Banier hauing passed ouer beyond this place, and with three troopes of Horse onely; the Ingolstadians retreat with their whole Body to a third aduantage, more then Mus∣ket shot from the Morasse: where they on both sides conti∣nue skirmishing betwixt the two Bodies, for the space almost of a whole houre together.

Banier perceiuing they would no more come on, retires backe againe in order; without any more difficultie, marching after the King to Geisenfelt: a walled Towne some two Dutch miles from Ingolstat, onwards of the way to Mos∣burg. Here the King for that night encamps with his whole Army; having spent the afternoone, in doing the Funerall Rites unto the Marquesse of Baden.

The King thus retired from Ingolstat; those of the Towne make diligent search for the carkasse of his horse, which they had shot under him, and He had caused to be buried. The Horse being found, and digg'd up (which no doubt was a sweet finding) his hide was very curiously taken off, stuft with straw, and hangd up in Ingolstat for a Trophee, they triumphing over it very gloriously, and insulting upon the Kings Rising. The horse was a white ambler, which the King very much delighted in: it was his Ronsarte, his Bucepha∣lus, on which he used to ride about his Army: and yet did he never thinke, his horse should have beene so much made on. Now much good doe it my politike Masters, the Fathers of the Iesuites Colledge of Ingolstat: for their deepe device no doubt it was; our Parliament House knowes them for old diggers. Yet they wrought but for a dead horse,) as the pro∣verbe is. And this is all, which they had for their brave,

and worthily renowned Generall, Iohn Tserclaes Count of Tilly: who dyed the same day in Ingolstat, that the Kings Horse was shot under him. The King can allow them a Horse for a Generall, at any time. Twas a brave Palfrey indeed; but (me thinkes) they might have had a better project with his hyde, then stuft it: had they but made a Drumme of it, the sound of that, would (no doubt) have driven away all the horses of their enemies. But now they have stuft the skinne, what will they doe with the bones? They should doe well to use them as the Turkes did Scanderbegs bones at Lyssa: which they digd up, and set in Rings and Iewels. Certainely there was vertue in that Horse, virtualis contactus (they knew) had coueighed it into him. But their spight chose rather to use this horse, as those of Breda did the Boate, by which their Towne had beene taken: they whipt the boate up and downe the streets, and then hangd it up for a Trophee. But we have enough (too much will some say) made our selves merry with the Iesuites; who before the King of Swedens comming into Germany, laught in their sleeves at all the world besides.

The next day (which was Wednesday, Aprill 25) the King marches from Geisenfelt to Mosburg upon the River Iser; which is some 20 English miles to the South-East of Ingol∣stat. Hither did Gustavus Horn come againe unto the King: who in his passage backe from burning part of the Country villages, that would not readily give him money; had easily brought the two walled Townes of Hohnwart and Pfaffen∣hoven, to a composition. By this time had the Abbot of Saint Georges (in the way towards Munchen) sent in his ex∣cuse; that he was not able to build up againe the new Church of the Protestants, which had beene lately taken from them and broken downe: but he was willing and ready to deliver them up his owne Church, so that he might keepe but one Chappell for his owne use. The Abbot of Saint Maurice, he also sent word, that he was willing to build up the Prote∣stants Church againe, which they lately had in his Iurisdiction.

Thus both Churches and Schooles were againe restored un∣to the Protestants in those parts of Bavaria: yea and their Armes, (though much empaired) which had before beene taken from them.

About Aprill 27, are Gustave Horn and Sir Iohn Hepburn, sent with 3000 Horse and 5000 Foote; to take in Land∣shut: a very dainty little Towne upon the River Iser (though the glory of it be chiefely in two Streets) some eight English miles to the North-East of Mosburg. At the first comming of the Swedish forces before the walls, one of their Liefte∣nants of a troope of Horse, with some few others of his Cornet, were shot from an Ambush in the gardens. That mor∣ning, had some 1300 Bavarian Horse (after a very hard march of nine Dutch miles together) put themselves into the Towne: so that they seemed yet to be resolute upon the re∣sistance. But so soone as ever they perceived the grosse of the 5000 Foote, to be come up, they retreated out of the Towne unto the further side of the River Iser; breaking the bridges downe behind them. The Towne paid 100000 Dol∣lars to the King for its ransome; and gave Gustavus Horn 20000 besides, for a gratuity. Landshut being thus taken, and Sir Iohn Hepburn (for the time) left Governour, Gustavus Horn went backe againe to the King; who two dayes after the taking, comes and lodges in it. The day before this, was the handsome Towne of Landsperg upon the River Lech, taken by Colonell Slammersdorff with 300 Dragooners: sent (as I collect) from the Governour of Ausburg. After Landsperg, were the two good Townes of Fuessen and Schonga; both more Southerly and higher up the Lech taken also. In Landshut, the King staid some five or sixe dayes. Some of the reason for which (besides the refreshing of the Army) may be a thought the King had towards Ratisbone or Regens∣purg: whence (as tis written) divers had sent to sollicite him to come thither. And indeed the whole Country be∣twixt Landshut and Regenspurg, for foure Bavarian Leagues together, was all the way open. Some Partees are about this

time sent that way ward, who had divers skirmishes with the Bavarians, that had comne out of Ratisbone. For the Duke of Bavaria and Cratz (now Generall in Tillyes place) were gone by this time from Ingolstat into Ratisbone: which Towne, now surprized by the Duke, was also foulely plundered by his souldiors; whose reason for it was, As good they doe it, as the Swedish. But the King now under∣standing Wallenstein to be about Passaw, upon the frontiers to∣wards Bohemia, and that though upon a military emulation, he had never heartily affected Tilly; no nor the Duke of Ba∣varia neither, since he had at the Dyet of Ratisbone wrought the Emperour to cashiere him: yet now for the common causes sake, and upon Cratz his entreaty, (who had beene one of his Colonels last yeere in Pomerania) he might (as the King judged) be drawne to doe something for Bavaria. His Majesty thus misdoubting the worst; esteemes it not fit for his designe, to adventure one against two; and resolves withall to passe no further to the North or North-East at this time. Purposing now to tickle Bavariaes Minniken string; so soone as ever he had received his money from Landshut, Hee, May 4^th, turnes backe againe towards Mosburg, and thorow that unto Freising: a City and Bishops See upon the same River, two Bavarian Leagues onwards of the way to∣wards Munchen. Here lay he all night, May fifth: the Towne paying 50000 Dollars for its ransome; and the whole Bishopricke quietly yeelding to a Contribution.

May sixth, the Army removes againe towards Munchen; 18 miles South of Freising, and upon the West of the Iser. This Munchen (pronounced Minniken) is one of the neatest of all Germany: and the Dukes curious Palace, with the Iesuits sumptuous Church: a second Escuriall, as some terme it. It had beene the Nest and Office of Receipt for the richest and ••eatest pillages, that the Duke himselfe, or his Gene∣rall Tilly, have for many yeeres warres together, gotten from the Protestant Princes. The Duke of Bavaria was still about Ratisbone: and there much troubled with sore eyes,

caused by the smoake of his owne Country. And yet out of a hope to see himselfe once againe Master of this Palace, had he beene so carefull to preserve it, that he had sent a com∣mand unto his Chancellor to deliver it over, when-ever the King should make towards it. The Deputies of the Towne likewise, had beene at Freifing with the King, May 5^th, and had made tender of 200000 Dollars for theyr ransome: which would not be accepted. Vpon Munday in the fore∣noone, May 7^th, the King shewed himselfe in faire Battaglia before it: although by that time he were come within a Dutch mile: the Deputies had againe met him, and there presented the towne keyes unto him, with a promise of 300000 Dol∣lars. The chiefe condition which they requested was, that their garrison might march out without disturbance: which was indeed in the Kings power to have hindered, his Horse lying every where up and downe in the Country. The King enters the towne the same day; accompanied by the King of Bohemia, Palatine August, and 3 of his Regiments, taking up his lodging in that sumptuous Palace: the rest of his Army be∣ing enquartered in and about the City.

The next day, the King went to see the Magazine and Ar∣mories; where great store of armes and ammunition were found, but no Ordnance: at which the King not a little won∣dering; espied by and by divers of the carriages; by which he guessed, as the truth was, that the peeces were buried un∣der-ground. These dead ones (as he cald them) he caused the Boores with ropes and leavers, to raise up without a miracle. There were 140 faire Peeces of brasse Ordnance; and in one, 30000 pieces of gold, said to be found. Among the rest, were 12 eminent ones; by the Duke called the 12 Apostles: though surely the Apostles were never such sonnes of Thunder. Some peeces had the Palsgraves Armes upon them; which caused the King of Bohemia both to sigh and smile, at the sight of them. But the Kunst-Cammer, or Chamber of Rarities, was the thing that affoorded most entertainment: where the beholders admired rather, then lookt upon, the incomparable varieties

and curiosities, both of Art and Nature. The Iesuites Church, was a piece of admiration also: and the Images among the rest, made by Brouse that famous Artist; together with the manufactures, and silver works of divers kinds. The King went into this Church, iust when the Iesuites were at their Masse: and the Father Rector comming towards the King, his Majesty entertained a discourse in Latine with him, a∣bout the Lords Supper. The King after this, calling the Citti∣zens together; askes them whether they would hereafter fight against him, or pay the Contribution from time to time, that should be imposed upon them? They much complaining of their Dukes avarice and former hardnesse towards them, and especially for his now forsaking of them; faintly pro∣mise, what they durst not deny: wholly to submit them∣selves to his Majesties good pleasure, and to take oath unto him.

On Wednesday, May 9^th. the King held a generall Mu∣ster before the City: himselfe (to shew some content to the Bavarians) drilling and exercising his souldiors: teaching them especially how to give a Charge or Salvee; some upon their knees, others behind them stooping forward; and the hindmost ranke standing upright, and all to give fire at once, the hinder man over his foremans shoulder. The next day, May 10^th, was Ascension day: on which the King caused the first Protestant Sermon to be preached, in the Castle: the King himselfe (as tis written) giving order for this Psalme of Doctor Luthers.

Rejoyce yee now O Christians true, Your hearts now leape for joy: Now sing without annoy, What wonders God hath done for you, &c.

After dinner; the King went to Saint Maryes Church to see the Popish ceremonies, in celebrating the Feast of the Ascension. That evening whilest the King was at supper, were some twenty Bavarian horsemen brought in prisoners to him. These, with a thousand, others, had beene sent out of

Ratisbone to fall on the sudden upon the Swedish garrison of Freising. Here having timely been discovered, they were pro∣vided for; and had such Wellcome and Entertainment as vsu∣ally the Warres afford, which is, to beate their Ʋisitants out a doores againe. They could tell no certainty as yet, of any likelyhood of their Dukes joyning with Wallenstein. And herein they said trueth: for Wallenstein (it seemes) purposing to play•• his owne game, was now going towards Prage; which he tooke shortly after. The King pleasantly said to these Horsemen. You now suffer what you would have made others to suffer: thus you see, none is forbidden to strike a∣gaine, that is first strucken.

By this time hath the King word brought unto him, of Commissary Ossa (lately made one of the Emperours Gene∣ralls) his comming out of Alsatia, with 7000 men after him. Part of these, were some of Ossaes and the Arch-duke Leopolds (the Emperours brothers) old Army; part were brought by Harincourt from the Duke of Lorrayn; and part were come out of Italy by the Ʋal-Teline passage. The Boores of Bavaria, Schwaben, & Tirole, were also up in Com∣motion, and Ossa was now become Head unto them. Ossaes chiefe charge, was, the defence of Leopolds Country of Alsa∣tia; of the Austrian Lands in Tirole (of all which Archduke Leopold is Administrator) and of the Circle of Schwaben. This Ossa about this time, marches up to Bibrach; a weake Imperiall City in Schwabland towards Donawert, about five English miles South of the Danuby, and eight from Mem∣mingen. Hither had he secretly beene invited by the Burgo∣master and the Popish Clergy; and upon this Towne, two assaults he made: but so well did the Cittizens put him off, that he both times lost his labour, and 400 men into the Bar∣gaine. That which added shame unto his losse, was; that no small part of the slaughter was made by women: these Ʋi∣ragoes with scalding water, stones and such feminine wea∣pons, beating his men from the walls of their City, and en∣couraging their husbands. The King having notice of these

proceedings of Ossaes; gives order with all speed for the marching away of 5000 Horse, and about 4000 Foote: himselfe likewise immediately following to goe along with them. Leaving Munchen therefore, and Colonell Hebron Governor in it: he taking his way by Ausburg (where he was about May 20) marches directly towards Memmingen. Here he first of all layes a bridge over the River Iler: which running from hence towards Vlm, falls thereabouts into the Danuby. Ossa hearing of the finishing of this bridge, retires with so much speed to the Quarters hee came last from, (which were towards Lindaw and the Bodensee neere the Mountaines) that he left his Ordnance behind him. Ossaes Cor∣respondents were carryed prisoners into Ʋlm.

The King having thus delivered Bibrach; leaves the Army thereabouts, under the command of Duke Bernard of Saxon-Weymar, himselfe with some few guards returning towards Ausburg; where he was about May 27. Here receiving the newes, that Wallenstein had advanced towards Prage and taken it, and forced the Saxons out of Bohemia: and that Cratz withall, was gone from about Ratisbone and Ingolstat, and falne with his forces into Bavaria first, and into the frontiers of Franconia and Schwaben after: and had there taken Weissen∣burg: (which is the Passe betwixt Ausburg and Norimberg:) He out of his care to this last named City, which so much con∣cernd both his honour and his designes; resolves to leave Bavaria, and to goe with his Army into those quarters. Speeding backe therefore againe unto Munchen; he gives order to those troopes which had till now beene left therea∣bouts; to march with all speed towards Donawert: where the rest from about Memmingen, should meete and joyne with them.

Cratz, indeed, with 2000 Foote, and the valiant Baron of Cronenberg with his Regiment of Horse (which was the flower of the Army:) upon the hearing of the Kings going towards Bibrach, were falne againe into Bavaria. Their designe, was to recover Munchen; and from Ratisbone, they

were already advanced as farre as Pfaffenhoven: where getting advice of some Swedish troopes that were comming to en∣counter them, they faire and timely retired into Ingolstat. The Kings hearing of their making towards Munchen; was the cause that he made thither, so soone as Ossa was skared from Bibrach: when Cratz and Cronenberg hearing of the Kings coming towards that way, they goe the cleane contrary, unto Weissenburg. This Imperiall City we have before descri∣bed, in the Kings march up to Donawert: but in what Pro∣vince or Circle of the Empire it is placed, the Geographers and Mapp-makers themselues doubt of. Some 24 English miles it is to the North-West of Ingolstat; and in it, had the King left some forces: and by it, was the strong Castle of Wils∣burg, with a Tillian garrison. Cratz now layes siege to Weis∣senburg; and the Swedes stand upon the resistance: but more Gunns being brought out of Wilsburg Castle, and bent against them; they parly and yeeld. What quarrell was pickt, I know not: but sure it is, that the Swedes refusing to turne to the Bavarian party, had all their throates cut. The Towne is also plundered, the chiefe Citizens and Preachers carried away prisoners, two Gates of the City burnt downe to the ground: and then newes being brought of the Kings com∣ming; the Bavarians forsake all againe, and hye them backe into Ingolstat.

In this Interim, had Duke Bernard of Saxon-Weymar so well behaved himselfe; that in the pursuite of Ossa, he had light upon one of his bravest Regiments, (which he had put into a fortified place) consisting of 2000 men, and conducted by Hannibal Count of Hohen-Ems: all which he had utterly rou∣ted and defeated; taken the Count, with 400 prisoners, and 8 Ensignes. The Count was sent prisoner to Isne first, and to Ʋlm afterwards. This feate had Duke Bernard done, time enough to meete the King at Donawert.

His Maiesty now about to leave Bavaria; takes the best or∣der that he might, for the quiet of the Country behind him. Garrisons he left none (except in Rain onely,) because there is

never a towne defensible in all the whole Duchy. To supply which defect, was the Generall Banier left with some 8 Re∣giments about Ausburg: and divers Waine-loades of Priests, Iesuites and other chiefe persons brought into safe custody within Ausburg, to be pledges and hostages for the fidelity of the Bavarians. Against the Boores, the Leopoldish and Os∣saes forces in Schwabland, Tirole, &c. was Duke William of Saxon-Weymar left with 12000 men, about Memmingen. At Vlm, was Sir Patrick Ruthven Governour; who had a small Army also. And Duke Iulius, Administrator of the Duchy of Wirtemberg, having about the 20^th of this moneth beene at Ausburg with the King; had promised him to levy 8000 men to second his forces, and to observe the motions of Archduke Leopold and the Generall Ossa. To prevent (last of all) the com∣ming of more forces out of Italy to the aid of Ossa; the King, much about this time, writes his letters unto the Switzers: who upon the receipt of them, going from their Diet of Lu∣cerne, unto another at Baden; resolue there to give no more passage to the Spanish thorow their country into Germany. This was the Kings letter.

S^rs:

Being enformed how that the King of Spaine doth labour by all possible meanes, to perswade you to grant him a free passage out of Italy, into these parts of Germany against Vs; for the advancement of his pernicious and uniust designes, and for the favour and furtherance of our enemies and their pro∣ceedings: I have thought good to exhort and admonish you most lovingly by these presents, to remember with your selues, That your Common-wealth hath ever hitherto most gloriously flourished, and renownedly maintained its liberty, against all opposers whatsoever; and especially against those of the Houses of Burgundy and of Austria: which 2 Hou∣ses, have striven oftentimes to deprive and barre you of your liberties. Yea of that liberty, namely, which is the best of all the rest, the freedome of your Consciences: this would they have taken away from some of you, and the liberty of Go∣vernment

from you all. I would desire you likewise to be mindfull of that good Correspondency, which I have al∣waies hitherto maintained with your State: for which rea∣son I cannot but forewarne you, that you become carefull hence-forward, to remaine firme and constant within the termes and bounds of Neutrality, and of that good agreement and correspondency, which yet is betwixt us; no waies yeel∣ding or affoording, either passage, favour or assistance, unto the enemy. Otherwise if you doe, I shall then be constrained to begin before them, and to commence warre against you, which should it so fall out: tis your selues then, that by your owne faults have drawne it upon your owne heads; together with such ruines consequently, desolations and calamities, as usually doe accompany it. But I have conceived much better hopes of you: as for mine own part, I doe hereby assure you all in generall, and each one in particular, of my best love and affection towards you.

Signed, Gustavus Adolphus.

This letter became a bush against the Spanish, which help∣ed the Switzers to stop the gappe against them, thorow the Alps out of Italy. A Secretary is also about this time sent from the King, unto the faire and Imperiall City of Strasburg upon the Rhine in Alsatia: neere the wals, and thorow the Iuris∣diction whereof, Colonel Harincourt had lately brought his Lorrayners unto Ossa. And this City now, after some delibera∣tion, is drawne also to the Kings party: and that much upon the same termes, which the great Cities of Vlm and Norimberg, had heretofore accorded with him. This was something to∣wards the security of the lower Palatinate also; on the hither∣most side whereof, this Strasburg lyeth.

And thus hath this victorious King of Sweden, either con∣quered or drawne to his party, all the middle part of Germa∣ny:

himselfe in Person having runne thorow it, from the Northerne or Baltick Sea, even to the very Alps almost and mountaines on the South, next unto Italy: a Course of full 500 English miles together. And now turnes he backe againe. The breadth he beares in these last mentioned parts, is halfe the Circles of Bavaria and Schwabland; even from the river Iser in Bavaria Eastward, all overthwart to the Danuby and beyond it, towards the West. In Bavaria, could he march 50 or 60 miles square every way. Along the Lech from Do∣nawert to Fuessen, North and South; full 80: and along the Danuby from the gates of Ingolstat (to account no further) on the North-East, unto Vlm and beyond it, on the South-West; as much more. In Bavaria all was his own: not all that is in the Mappe of Bavaria (for that containes a tenth part of the Empire) but all the lands of the Dukes of Bava∣ria, were either conquered, or under Contribution: no power or place being left, (except Ratisbone, where the Duke with his Army now was) being able to resist any 2 Brigades of the Kings, should he but have sent them thither. Nor was there here any considerable appearance of resistance, at the Kings comming out of the Country.

As for that portion of the Circle of Schwaben betwixt the Lech, the Danuby, and the line or Degree of 48 in the Mappe, (which 3 make a complete Triangle) it is wholly the Kings; and quietly now too: especially since Ossaes late repulse from Bibrach: which touches upon the outside of the Degree 48 aforesaid. How now all this part came to be the Kings, and in what estate he left it now behind him; we shall briefely tell you. A Conqueror must keep, as well as winne: and ei∣ther leave no enemy at his backe, or a force sufficient to op∣pose him, that he may not be able to disturb the Master of the Field, in his future proceedings. And then may a Country be indeed said to be conquered.

This Portion of the Circle of Schwaben came thus to be the Kings. Divers of the Imperiall Townes in it being Protestant, (as Ʋlm, Memmingen, Kempten, &c.) having once assented

unto the Conclusions of Leipsich; notwithstanding they had beene enforced in part to renounce them, by Eggon Count of Furstenberg, Generall for his Imperiall Maiesty for this Cir∣cle: yet after the King of Swedens prevailing about these parts, they eftsoones recovered their former resolutions. Of all these Cities, Ʋlm upon the Danuby being the principall, the Ad∣mirall Gally as it were; she carried the Lanterne unto all the rest; which way she led, they followed. About the end of October 1631. 12 Imperiall troopes comming that way out of Italy, desired (imperiously enough) to have a reliefe from this City, of 10 Dollars for every Horseman, and 6 for a Footeman: and when threatnings were added, the Vlmers beat them out of their Territories into Leopolds Country, and made the Archduke keepe them. The King a little after this, sollicites them unto his party: and Colonell Rhelenger is pre∣sently sent upon it, (as Commissary for the King,) to agree with them. He in his iourney thither, lighting upon a Wagon-full of Monks and Fryers; made them pay a ransome of 40000 Dollars. In Ianuary after, the Common-wealth of Vlm pub∣likely declare, what they had privately before resolved, to stand to the Conclusions of Leipsich, and levie 450 new men upon it. The same does Memmingen also. Now doe the Pro∣testants every where about this time, begin to resume more courage: and for the defence of their liberties and Religion, divers of their Cities (as Norimberg, Strasburg, with some of Wirtenberg) assemble in a Diet at Hailbrun, which Gustavus Horn had lately taken. In February after, Ʋlm accepts of a Swedish garrison; and beginnes to fortifie; towards the rivers side especially. About the beginning of March, that Gallant old Cavalier Sir Patrick Ruthven, a Scottish Gentleman, (lately made Sergeant-Major-Generall of the Army) is sent from Mentz to be their Governour.

Sir Patrick Ruthven presently begins to make some new levies for an Army: by little and little, getting some 6 or 7000 men together. Hee first demands the resolutions of all the chiefe Cities and Townes about him: whether they would

be Friends, Foes, or Neuters: stand either for the King, or a∣gainst him. One of the first townes he began withall, was Kurchberg upon the river Iler; some 4 English miles to the South of Vlm. This towne having the honour of an Earle∣dome, the King (as I find writing for it) bestowed upon the Conquerour. But of this I can say no more. At what time the King lay betwixt Donawert and the Lech, (which is about 48 or 50 English miles from Vlm:) Sir Patrick advances up the same river Iler beyond Memmingen, unto Kempten, (neere the river Lech) where there is an Abby: the first in order of all these of the Circle of Schwaben. Guntzperg, a faire towne upon the River Guntz, betwixt Vlm and Lawingen, is present∣ly likewise taken. From this towne, a little after this, are 8 troopes of Dragooners sent from the Kings army over the bridge at Lawingen; to rufflle the Cloysters in the neighbour Marquisate of Burgaw; to bring them under contribution; and to lye in waite for 500 Horse of Ossaes, that were to come from Lindaw. At this Guntzperg is there a faire Palace, of right belonging unto the Marquesses of Burgaw: though at this time the Archduke Leopold had invaded it. The lands of the Lords Fuggers, are now also brought under contribution. Erpach is likewise over-runne, belonging unto the Chancellor Von Vlm. The 500 Tillians who had beene left at Nordlingen, about 30 miles to the North-East of Vlm, presently forsake the Towne: upon the newes, namely, of the Kings passing of the Lech. In the beginning of April, Sir Patrick Ruthven puts some of his souldiers into Memmingen: out of which, he a little after that expels the Iesuites: whom he found com∣plotting with the Imperialists. About Leutkirken, others of his defeate some of Ossaes guards. Ravensperg and Bibrach, 2 other Imperiall Cities, declare for the King: and divers Lords and Gentlemen, daily send their Deputies unto our Governour of Vlm, to compound for their contributions. This if they did not, their lands were plundered. He a little after this, disarmes the Citizens of Elching and Weissenhorn, (both neere Vlm:) and takes 14 pecces of Cannon and 2

Murtherers, away from them. Presently after which, he sends, and defeates Schwendy (or Schweaden) and his Boores, (which, he being a Gentleman of the Country, had stirr'd up) and takes himselfe prisoner. Having thus advanced so farre to the Southward, the Bishop of Constance is glad to send to him to make his agreement. And thus is all the Country, for the while, cleered; even to the gates of Lindaw and the Bodensee, under the very Alps: which so continues, untill Ossa (now gone thence to the Switzers Diet of Lucerne, to procure passage for the Spanish out of Italy, over the Gotthart Alps) returnes about the beginning of May with his 7000 men, and besieges Bibrach, as we before told you.

Whether Colonell Sperreuter, who tooke Dunkelspach and Elwang, on the Northside of the Danuby, were sent by him, or immediately from the King; I know not. After Slammers∣dorff had taken Landsperg: the towne of Mindelhaim, upon the river Mindel, betwixt the Lech and the Danuby, almost right against Landsperg, made also her composition. And thus (to be briefe) did all those good Townes, which you shall find in the Map of Wirtemberg, in the South-East corner: most of which Country is called Overland.

Vpon the last Munday in April, Sir Patrick Ruthven de∣feates some Imperiall troopes, and takes 4 Ensignes from them. The Boores also rising the second time, againe incen∣sed by the Bavarian Boores comming amongst them, Schwen∣dies second provocation, (let loose upon his ransome) and the heartning on of Ossa and Harincourt; are againe defeated. A many of these Boores, first rise about Gensburg and the moun∣taines: who sending word to the rest, appoint their meeting place about Weingarten, some 30 miles to the South of Vlm. These in the beginning of May, comming up; surprise Wan∣gen an Imperiall towne, Ravensperg and others, betwixt Ʋlm and Lindaw. Against them, Sir Patrick sends 3000 men, ma∣ny of them Dragooners: who May 12 killing some of them neere unto Kempten, (25 English miles East of Wangen) make the rest sweare to goe home and follow their clodding againe,

and pay their contributions quietly. Others of them being bu∣sie otherwhere, 400 more are slaine about this Bishopricke of Kempten: which their neighbours perceiuing, goe and de∣liver up their Armes at Kempten. At Zippersriden, are almost 800 more cut in pieces, and (which was the way to coole them) are divers of their Dorps fired: which the poore wret∣ches seeing, went and cut their Land-lords throates, that had first stirr'd them up, and then forsaken them. Colonell Rhelin∣ger (who had done many other good services in these parts) affrights and disarmes 300 more of them, with a small Par∣tee of Horsemen. Rhelinger proceedes so farre, that Ossa be∣ing afraid of his falling into Tirole, is faine to send 2000 men thither, to ensure the passages. About the end of April, Sir Patrick Ruthven goes into the Duchy of Wirtemberg; where he receives an aide of 2000 new men, from Duke Iulius the Administrator. In his absence, the Lord Druches of Wald∣burg with other Gentlemen and some Abbots; began to stirre againe, in the further parts towards Weingarten: who did much trouble unto the Swedish souldiers in the townes next to them. To represse them, went the Swedish Dragooners that lay in and about Bibrach: who fell in among the lands of the said Lord Druches plundered the Townes of Wurtbach and Waldsee, neere unto Weingarten, and dispersed the Commoti∣on. The good Towne of Ehingen also, on the contrary side of the Danuby, to Vlm, and within 6 English miles of it, is brought likewise to a Composition: as all this part of Schwab∣land by this time was. At this towne of Ehingen, whilest Lodowick Eberhard Count of Hohenlo, with one of the Kings Secretaries and some other Commissioners were, (having beene thither employed about taking the Citizens oath for the King of Sweden) they were all surprised and carried pri∣soners into Tirole, by a Partee sent out from Ossa, at the time of his being about Bibrach. To be a ransome for whose liberties, the King causes some great men of the Country to be laid hands of. The Imperialists that did this at Ehingen, and staid there; fell out and troubled the Countrey now and

then: and upon the first of Iune following, when the King was gone towards Norimberg; they drove away divers head of Cattel even from within 2 English miles of Vlm: there being at that time no Horsemen in the towne to make out af∣ter them. But these are since sent packing. Thus is all that country the Kings, by conquest: and for the keeping of it quiet, were the Armies of Duke William of Saxon-Weymar, and Sir Patricke Ruthven, left thereabouts: the Duke of Wirtembergs forces being at hand too; who is their very next neighbour upon the other side of the Danuby. And in this estate the King of Sweden left this Country, in the beginning of Iune; when he tooke his leave of it, and of Bavaria: whom when we have waited upon from Donawert to Norimberg; we will for this time conclude our Story of him.

The occasion of his Maiesties so sudden parting out of Ba∣varia, we told you, was to relieve Weissenburg. Generall Cratz had now taken it; upon a hope by that meanes to cut off the Kings retreat to Norimberg. The King in his way thither, cleeres (as his manner is) the whole Country before him. For whereas (to begin withall) the towne and Bishopricke of Aichstat, 16 miles to the North of Donawert, had not all this while brought in their contribution, which Colonell Sperreu∣ter had heretofore made them to submit unto; the Kings soul∣diers now distraine upon whatsoever they can get for it. So is the Bishopricke of Dillingen likewise served: both are plundered, and disarmed, & the best Ordnance sent to Auspurg. Pappenheim Castle likewise, 2 leagues to the West of Aich∣stat, (which belongeth unto the old Count of Pappenheim, who by inheritance is Earle Marshall or second Marshall of the Empire) was besieged, battered, and taken. This is hard by Weissenburg; to which the King so much hasted: and from which Cratz had as much speeded, when he knew the King to be so neere him.

His Maiesty having nothing more in his way to delay him, marches immediatly towards Norimberg: neere which, namely, in his old Quarter at Furt, about Iune 7 he arriveth. What his

intention next was, appeares by his answer unto the Norim∣bergers, now inviting him into their City: which was, That he had rather a great deale see Wallenstein, then Norimberg. Against whom he immediately advancing into the Vpper Pa∣latinate, was not able to goe further, thorow a destroyed country: and hearing withall, both Wallenstein and Bavaria to be comming against him; he retires backe againe, and entren∣ches himselfe by Norimberg. Since which time, though the Armies have layne long neere one another; yet for that at the finishing hereof, there had nothing beene done betwixt them; I must leave that to a Third Part: and if you please, to a bet∣ter instructed Intelligencer.

Notes

• ••hat forces ••ere left in the ••••latinate.
• ••••e way that ••e King tooke.
• How strong King march up.
• ••••lly retires ••m the King,
• ••••ching into Ʋpper Pa∣••••ate.
• Why Tilly wen into the Pala∣tinate.
• The King en∣campes by Norimberg
• His entertain∣ment in Norim∣••erg.
• The Kings Oration at Norimberg.
• The King a••¦ters his purp•• for followin•• of Tilly.
• His Reason
• See for these townes, either in the South erne edge of the Map of Franconia; o•• better in the Western edge of the Map, of the Ʋpper Palatinate.
• The King leaves Wiltz∣burg Castle.
• Kaishaim take
• and ••onawert be∣••ged.
• Hebron sent to besiege the towne on th•• other side.
• Hebron enters the towne.
• The King also ••nters the ••owne.
• A Castle of the Fuggers taken.
• See pag. 24 of our First Part.
• Hochstat taken.
• and Lawingen.
• An Aenslaught upon Newburg miscarried.
• Tilly comes in∣to Bavaria.
• The Swedes ••nerally one ••h another, 〈◊〉〈◊〉 all Carpen∣••••••: and the 〈◊〉〈◊〉, being a ••ne, simple 〈◊〉〈◊〉 droyling ••e of peo∣•••••• are more for the ••••e, then for Sword: not∣••••••••standing have here ••••d so much, ••e great ••oyts of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Finlan∣•• The ••••••les and ••••nders, ••ly, are not ••est souldi∣•••• of the Ar∣•• tis the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 and Ger∣•• that have ••t: and ••e both ••ner, done ••arts also.
• ••ost fa∣•• Story, of ••ings pas∣•• ••he river
• Tilly opposes the King.
• ••••ltringer ••unded,
• and Tilly mortally.
• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Duke of ••••••••ia flees,
• and ••••••men by 〈◊〉〈◊〉 after 〈◊〉〈◊〉.
• The King fi∣nishes his Bridge.
• The King, sends after Tillyes
• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 taken.
• ••••e Kings rea∣••••s for the ••oyce of the ••••ce of his ••••dge.
• The Kings judgement of the difficulty and conse∣quence of the action.
• Lib 4. de Bell Gallico: circa medium.
• Horn sent abroad.
• The King goes towards Aus∣burg.
• Takes Thier∣haubten,
• and Friedberg.
• An Ambassador from the Duke of Newburg.
• Bavaria offers to treat.
• Newburg taken.
• The King besie∣ges Ausburg.
• See the Diet of Leipsich, pag. 24.
• Esay 2.3.
• The Kings Letters to the Towne.
• The Cities Answer.
• Horns Letter to them.
• The Kings re∣ply to their Letter.
• The Citizens second Answer.
• The garrison parlies, and yeelds.
• Some Boores appeare, and are dispersed.
• The King en∣ters the Citie.
• Makes his Thanksgiving.
• The King goes ••owards Jngol ••at.
• The King lies downe before Ingolstat.
• The Duke of Bavaria lies en∣camped be∣yond the river.
• A sally
• beaten in.
• and the Swedish beaten off.
• The Kings horse shot un∣der him.
• The Marquesse of Baden slaine.
• Tilly dyes.
• The Kings ora∣tion upon his escape.
• The King goes to Newburg.
• Horn sent to spoyle the Country.
• The King rises from Ingolstat.
• A sally repulsed by Banier.
• The King ••odges at Gei∣••nfelt.
• Those of Jn∣••olstat dig up ••he Kings dead horse.
• Tilly dyes.
• The King comes to Mosburg.
• Protestant Churches and Schooles resto∣red.
• Horn and He∣bron take in Landshut.
• Land sperg ta∣ken.
• The King goes to Freising,
• and so to Mun∣chen.
• The King ••oes to deliver ••brach from ••ssa.
• The King drawes his for¦ces out of Ba∣varia.
• ••••atz takes ••issenburg,
• ••d forsakes it.
• ••ernard Wey∣••ars good ser∣••••ce.
• What forces the King left behind him.
• The Kings let∣ter to the Switzers.
• Strasburg ac∣cords with the King.
• The largenesse of the Kings Conquests.
• The Story of the Actions about Ʋlm and Schwabland.
• Vlm accordeth with the King.
• Sir Patrick Ruthven made Governor of Vlm.
• His action.
• See the Mapps of the Circle of Suevia, or of Wirtemberg, for these townes.
• That part of Schwabland, brought by Sir Patrick Ruth∣ven, &c. under Contribution.
• The King in his march from Donawert,
• ••••takes the Bi∣shopricks of Aichstat and Dillingen,
• and the Castle of Pappenheim,
• finally encamp∣ing by Norim∣berg.