The hidden treasures of the art of physick;: fully discovered: in four books. 1 Containing a physical description of man. 2 The causes, signes, and cures of all diseases, incident to the body. 3 The general cure of wounds, tumours, and ulcers. 4 A general rule, for making all kind of medicines; with the use and nature of distilled waters, juyces, decoctions, conserves, powders, elestuaries, plaisters, &c. To which is added three necessary tables, 1 sheweth the contents of the four books. 2 Explaineth all the terms of art which are used in physick and chirurgery. 3 Explaining the nature and use of simples, what they are, and where they grow. A work whereby the diligent reader may, without the help of other authors, attain to the knowledge of the art above-named. / By John Tanner, student in physick, and astrology.

CHAP. I. Of a Green Wound.

A Wound is a breach of Continuity, fresh and bloo∣dy without Putrefaction or Matter: It is caused by a Sword, Bullet, Arrow, or such like, which the Chirurgion may easily perceive. Wounds in the flesh are easily cured; in the Nervs, Veins, and Arteryes, they are not without danger: In the instrumentall & principall parts, as the Heart, Liver, Lungs, Brain, Spleen, Midriff, Wezand, Stomach, Guts, or Bladder, are deadly. A Feaver, Perturbation, Swooning, Con∣vulsion, and such like Symptomes are dangerous.

The Cure must be directed, first to the cause; se∣condly,

to the Wound itself; thirdly, to the part af∣fected; lastly, to the Symptomes attending. The Cause or outward things, viz. a Bullet, Arrow, or such like, sticking in the Body must be drawn out, by Instruments or by Medicine: what concerns the first I shall not meddle with, the medicinall part I shall breif∣ly handle. The Simples availeable and of force for the purpose aforesaid are, The Roots of Reeds and Birth∣wort; the Leavs of Dittany, Crow-foot, Missletoe, Thap∣sia; Sagapenum, Ammoniacum, Opopanax, Quick Lime, burnt Frogs, Galbanum, Bears grease, the Load-stone, Mustard-Seed, and such like. Of these and such like you may prepare compound Medicines: This Unguent of Vesalus is much approved of: Take of Rozin of the Pine tree, two Ounces: Galbanum, three Ounces: of the Stone called Calamites, one Ounce: the Gall of an Ox, one Ounce and an half: of Turpetine, three Ounces; New Wax, two Ounces: first, strain out the Wax, Rozin, and Turpetine; after, mix the Golbanum, Gall, and the Pow∣der of the Stone, and make an Unguent.

This Plaister is likewise good for the same purpose: Take of Leaven, one pound: Oyl, half a pound: the juyce of Knot-grasse, and Dittany, (or, for want of it, the Powder of the dried Herbs,) of each, three Ounces: Tur∣petine, one pound: The Bird Lime made of Missletoe Ber∣ryes, Ammoniacum, & Galbanum and dissolved in wine, of each, one Ounce; of Wax, four Ounces: mix them up∣on the Fire, and make a Plaister.

Having thus far proceded, and removed all things unnaturall from the Wound, then must the Chirurgi∣on, if the Solution be great, artificially join the gaping sides of the Wound by Seam, Taches, or stiching cloths and such like, which I omit, and shall lay down a few Rules to prevent pain, Inflammation, or other unto∣ward Accidents, which may happen to the wounded part, or whole Body.

Inflammation is restrained by taking away the Cause of the Fluxion: Now the Humours, flowing to the part, are either drawn or sent. They are drawn by reason of the Pain and Heat of the Member, which doth at∣tract the Humours to it self. They are sent, thus; when the whole Body is full of evill Humours, and e∣very part disburtheneth it self upon the weaker. The Inflammation of the Part must be allayed with such Medicines that quench Heat; and the Body must be purged, and such a Course of Diet used as may some∣what free the Body from such Humours, which are of∣fensive and burthensome to Nature.

But before I come to treat of the removeall of such Accidents and evill Symptoms; I shall briefly shew you the manner of Cure, which ought thus to be per∣formed. After closing of the Wound, dresse it with some agglutinative Medicine, made of such Simples: viz. Frankincense, Mastich, Aloes, Rolearmenick, San∣guis Draconis, Sarcocolla, Terra Sigillata, Balaustines, Pomegranate Rinds, Cypresse Nuts, Galls, Horse-tail, To∣bacco, and such like. You may make a Balm thus: Take of Turpetine, a pound: of Galbanum, Gum Elemy, Gum of Ivy, Frankincense, Mastich, Myrrh, of each, two Ounces: Aloes, Lignum Aloes, Galanga, Nutmegs, Cloves, Cinnamon, Cubebs, of each, one Ounce: Aqua Vitae, three Ounces; infuse and distill them to a Balm. After the Application of this or the like Balsome, lay on this Plaister: Take of Ammoniacum dissolved in Vinegar, two Ounces: Gum Elemy, three Ounces: Rozin of the Pine tree, five Ounces: Turpentine of the Fir-tree, three oun∣ces: Oyl of Roses, two Ounces: make a Plaister. Open it once in twenty four hours till it be whole: thus may you cure a simple Wound in the Flesh.

If the Wound be hollow, you must put in Tents, twist them not too hard, but so that the Sanies may

come forth. If the Wound be deep without losse of Substance, you must consider whether the Orifice of the Wound look upward or downward. If the Orifice look downward, and the bottom be upward, then may the Matter run freely out of the Wound, and the Cure thereof is performed as a simple Wound in the Flesh. But if the Orifice of the Wound be upward, and the bottom tending to the lower parts, that there is a place for the Matter to rest in, then if you find it need∣full (as many times it is) make an Incision, from the top to the bottom, or onely in the bottom; let rea∣son guide you whereto make your Incision or when to neglect it. Wash the Wound with Wine, wherein Mirrh and Salt hath been boiled: then put in this Oyl, which is much commended, and it is made thus: Take of Oyl of Olives, three pound: of white Wine, two pound: of the Flowers, Leavs, and Seeds, of St. John's Wort, one pound: of greek Valerian, the spotted and common Sanicle, Saracens consound, amd Self-heal, of each, half a Hand∣full; beat the Herbs in a Morter, and infuse them in the Wine and Oyl twenty four hours, then boil it gently to the Consumption of almost half: then strain it, and add there∣to, of Venice Turpetine, one pound and an half: Oyl of Turpetine, six Ounces: Olibonum, five Ounces: Mirrh three Ounces: Mastich, and Sanguis Draconis, of each, one Ounce: Roots of Alchenet, (first bruised and infused in Oyl two or three hours,) boil them gently and suffici∣ently, and reserve it for the use aforesaid. Then lay on Emplastrum Sticticum, the receipt of which you may read in the London Dispensatory: or you may buy the Plaister at the Apothecaryes.

If the Wound be hollow with losse of Substance, you must make use of such Medicines which are by Na∣ture drying and cleansing, called Incarnatives.

This Unguent is much cōmended for cleansing Pu∣trefaction, & breeding of good Flesh in Wounds.

Take of common Oyl, and Rams suet of each one pound: Stone-pitch, half a pound, Grecian-pitch, three Ounces; wax two Ounces, Mastich, Olibanum, Galbanum, Am∣moniacum, Sagapenum, Opopanax, and Turpentine of each half an Ounce: powder those that are to be powdered, and melt the rest in Oyl, stirr them well together on the fire; when they are sufficiently boiled, add the Turpentine, strain it, and use it upon occasion.

This plaister is very good to incarnate both wounds and Ulcers; Take of Virgins wax eight Ounces, Deers suet four ounces and an half; Common Rozin, and Rozin of the Pinetree of each four Ounces; Myrrhe and Ma∣stick, of each four Ounces; Honey six ounces; Turpentine eight Ounces, White Wine one pound and an half, Dragons bloud one pound; boil them (the Sanguis Draconis excepted) to the form of a plaister. Or you may make a lesse quantity by decreasing each particular analogically. Take this generall Rule, that accor∣ding to the Dryth or moisture of the body or wound, you must make your medicines lesse or more drying, when the wound commeth to be plain, equall and fil∣led, it must be Cicatrized, or covered with skin; which must be performed by medicines which are astrin∣gent, and very much drying, because it must consume not onely the superfluous, but also the naturall moi∣sture, of which properly are the simples following: Galls, Balaustines, the rinds of Pomegranats, the white Thistle, Sumach, Bolearmenick, Sealed Earth, Ceruse, Lead burnt or washed, Litharge, and the Bark of the Pinetree. To which add the following, which per∣form it accidentally, as Brasse burnt and washed, the scales of Brasse; Alume and Vitrioll, burnt and wash∣ed: Plantane, Aristolochia, and such like. Of these and such like, may many forms of Medicines, viz. Waters, Oyls, Unguents, or Plaisters, be made. Take

this Plaister as an example for all. Take of Litharge, and Ceruse of each six Ounces, burnt lead, Lapis Cala∣minaris, and Terra Sigillata, of each three Ounces: Co∣lophonia, Ship-Pitch, and Rozin, of each two Ounces, Sarcocolla, Laudanum, and Ireos, of each one Ounce and an half, Camphir, half an Ounce, Leake seed two Oun∣ces; Oyl of Roses, one pound and an half, white Wax four Ounces; make it into a plaister.

If the Cicatrice be uncomely or deformed, it must be amended: if it be too tender, it must be thickned, and hardned with Diachilon, or with Calamint, the roots of Briony and such like sodden in Oyl. If the Cicatrice be thick and hard, it ought to be attenuated with the root of wild Cucumer, stampt and applyed, or the Oyl of Balsome-Apple. If it be deformed in respect of colour, you must labour to bring it to white∣nesse, for which this plaister is commended; Take of Swines Grease three Ounces, Litharge one Ounce, Ver∣digreese and burnt Vitrioll, of each two drachms; make it into a plaister.

Sometimes a wound is overgrown with flesh: this flesh growing too proudly, must be dealt withall with medicines that may diminish, and take away the same, and they must be by nature sharp and drying; as Cal∣citis, Vitriol, burnt Allum, the roots of Asphodels, Hermodactylls, the stones of Dates burnt, the seed of Nettles, Serpentary, the Scales of Brasse, burnt Brass, the ashes of a Hedghog, Mercury sublimnte; Of Me∣dicines compounded, Unguentum Apostolorum, or Unguentum Aegyptiacum are of known validity. If these suffice not, the Chyrurgion must use his Incision∣knife, hot Scissars, or a Cautery.