Platerus golden practice of physick: fully and plainly discovering, I. All the kinds. II. The several causes of every disease. III. Their most proper cures, in respect to the kinds, and several causes, from whence they come. After a new, easie, and plain method; of knowing, foretelling, preventing, and curing, all diseases incident to the body of man. Full of proper observations and remedies: both of ancient and modern physitians. In three books, and five tomes, or parts. Being the fruits of one and thirty years travel: and fifty years practice of physick. By Felix Plater, chief physitian and professor in ordinary at Basil. Abdiah Cole, doctor of physick, and the liberal arts. Nich. Culpeper, gent. student in physick, and astrology.

CHAP. XVI. Of Pain in the Habit of the Body.

The Kinds.

VVE call those Pains in the Habit of the Body which are within the Skin, either in the soft or fleshy, or hard, or bony parts. They are of divers sorts, some are greater, and others less then their accidents.

VVe shall mention only by the way those pains whose accidents are grea∣ter, * 1.1 because we spake of them in their places. As in Hurt of the Functions, when there is pain joyned, as pain of weakned Motion, mentioned in Lazi∣ness, voluntary, and after labour; this pain is ulcerated, inflamed, stret∣ching, or beating. Besides, there are somtimes in some kinds of unmoveableness, as in that kind of palsie, where the Sense of Feeling remains, with a pricking, or vehe∣ment pain. Also there are divers pains in the Cramp, especially when it is from wind: As we shewed concern∣ing a moving pain in the Cramp of many years continu∣ance. Also there is pain in Fractures and Dislocations of Bones. All these are spoken of in impotent Motion. And in Depravation of Feeling, there is a pain in divers parts from a false Sense of Cold or Heat. And we shewed in Feavers, that there might be pains, as if the Limbs were bruised or broken. Also pains inwardly may come forth as in the Head-ach, the pain may reach to the Eyes, and and other pains may come to the Neck, Breast, and Belly, as we shewed. And we shall shew how some superficial pains go over the whol Body. And others are from evil Conformity or shape.

Those pains which are in the Habit of the Body greater then their Accidents, * 1.2 are chiefly distin∣guished as they are in the Flesh, Joynts, or Bones.

The Germans call the pains in the fleshy parts of the Habit of the Body, die Fluze, * 1.3 from the cause that is Defluxion, Distillations, or Catarrhs. Of which we shall declare divers kinds, in parts not fleshy, from the Joynts.

These Pains or Defluxions are some∣times in the Cheeks, Chapps, * 1.4 or about the Ears, with Swelling, or without.

Or in the sides, or behind the Neck, with difficult turning of the Neck, or a Creek, and Swelling of the Glandles. And if there be difficulty of swallowing, it is a bastard Quinzy.

Also there is a pain from Defluxion in the fleshy sides of the Breast, heavy, and tearing, that increaseth with tou∣ching, or Motion of the Arms, and hindereth breathing. And if it be pricking, it is a bastard Pleurisie, if the breath be much stopt, it is to be referred to Dyspnaea, or difficul∣ty of breathing.

These pains from Defluxions, are also on both fleshy sides of the Back, either above, towards the Neck, or be∣low towards the Loyns. And are increased by Motion of the Back-bone, or by lying down, or pressing, but if they endure touching; they are spoken of in internall Pains.

These pains from Defluxion, are also in the fleshy parts of the Joynts, in the Arms, or Feet, and in the Nervous parts, if they are about the Shoulder blads, or fleshy parts of the Hipps, they are referred to pains in the Joynts.

A pain in the Joynts is called Arthritis. And it is either more general in many Joynts, as in the Feet, Arms, Hands, Hips, * 1.5 Shoulders, reaching to the Back, and Neck, and somtimes to the Cheeck-bones, and Joynts. Or it is more particular in some small or great Joynts, * 1.6 as in the Hip called the Sciatica. That in the Shoulder is called the pain of the Homoplate; when it is in the small Joynts, in the Toes, or Foot, * 1.7 or Ancles, it is called Podagra; when in the Knee, Gonagra; when in the Fingers, Thumb, or Wrists, Chiragra. This Dis∣ease seldom is constant in the Shoulder a∣lone, as in the Knee; and if it be there, it is called Arthritis, when other Joynts suffer also. Some of these kinds of Gouts have the same accidents.

Sometimes there is a great pain fixed in one or more Joynts. That which is in the Hip is first fixed, then moveth from the Thigh into the Foot, and that in the Shoulder, in∣the Arm. In all kinds, the pain is increased by Motion of the Joynt, and touching, except in the Hip and Shoul∣der, and then when the pain comes outward. These pains come suddenly unto some.

There is usually a Tumor with Redness, Heat, and bea∣ting, in the Podagra, and Chiragra, first or last; and som∣times in the Gonagra, or Arthritis, especially in the Joynts without Flesh. Somtimes it is an Oedema with∣out Redness. But in the pain of the Shoulder and Hip in the fleshy parts there is no such appearance or tumor.

In continuance of time in the Podagra, and Chiragra, there will be knots in the Joynts of the Fingers and Toes. And when they are opened, there comes forth a thin or tough white Matter, or like Chalk. And somtimes they turn to hard uneven stones, which hinder the Motion of the Joynt. And I have seen sometimes such knots from the bending of the Arm to the Wrists, growing as it were to∣gether, and when they have been broken, there hath come forth a white Pultis, and in one troubled with the Gout, it was in his Ear. And another Merchant long and grei∣vously

troubled with the Gout. The same kind of chal∣kie Matter was all over his Body, and the very Eye-brows also, and it turned to knots, and then came forth.

As we shewed in Feavers, there is a Synoch in every ge∣neral Gout, and often in the Podagra, Chiragra, and Go∣nagra, and somtimes in the Hip and Shoulder-gout. It begins first with Chilness, and there is Thirst and Restles∣ness, the Pulse is high, and the Urin red.

There are somtimes other accidents in Arthritis. And we have known a Cramp to follow the Joynt-gout which hath been worse then it self.

The pain about the great Bones (be∣sides that which is in parts without flesh, * 1.8 of which we spake in the Pain of the Joynts, and that without the Skull of which in Head-ach) is of two sorts. The one is chiefly about the Head bones, the other is about many other Bones.

There is a kind of pain about the Head or Forehead, * 1.9 which is lasting, which is called an external Cephalaea, or Head-ach, differing from the internal mentioned. This is about the Bone, and is augmented by being touch∣ed. It somtimes springs from an internal Head-ach, or is joyned with it, or is alone outwardly on both sides, or on the right or left, as a Haemicrania. Some∣times it is like a Nail driven into one part, * 1.10 and called Clavus. Somtimes it makes Nodes in the Forehead, like that in the French Pox, and in other Bones.

There is another kind of outward pain in the Head, * 1.11 which goes before other pains from Defluxion, into the Joynts and fleshy parts. In which somthing seems to lye heavy upon the Head, and there is outward, as if the skin were flead off, and increaseth with touching of the Hair especially. And oftentimes there is a Swelling soft and oedematous, broad, and dispersed a∣bout the Neck, and hinder-part of the Head, and other accidents, as in the Heaviness of the Head, coming with∣in the Skull, especially when they meet together.

There is another kind of pain about many Bones from a Disease not known by the Antients that was brought from the Indiies, * 1.12 first called the Neopolitane, then the French Disease: * 1.13 And because it comes by Copulation, the Venereal Pox. Of which there are divers kinds, as I shall shew, and this pain about the Bones is one, and is called the contagious Pain or Pox.

This pain being near about the Bones, is chiefly in the middle Seat without the Flesh, either in Latitude or Lon∣gitude, as in the naked inside of the Leg, and about the Shoulders, Homoplate, and Arms, and before, in the Breast, which bony part can scarce suffer from another in∣ternal Cause. And therefore the Pox is known only by this sign somtimes. Also there is pain without in the Head, especially in the Forehead to the Eye brows, and about the Temples, sixed like an outward Cephalaea.

This pain is violent and implacable, pulling as it were the skin from the bones, and not to be touched. It in∣creaseth towards night, and is not abated as other pains, but augmenteth by heat. And therefore in bed they are worse, and it comes by degrees, not suddenly as Arthri∣tis.

Somtimes there are hard Tumors or Nodes in the Fore∣head, Skins, and insides of the Hands, which are unequal and increase.

And other accidents, as Falling of the Hair, Spots, Pustles, and Ulcers, as we shall shew,

The Causes.

It is necessary that in all Pains of the Habit of the Bo∣dy mentioned, that the sensible parts be affected as the Muscles, Membranes, and Nerves, from whence come stretching pains, or pains from compression, solution of continuity, simple distemper, congestion of Humors, In∣fluxion, or evil Quality.

Vehement Stretching of the parts cau∣seth this pain, * 1.14 by immoderate Motion in Exercise and Labour: Hence comes the stretching lazy pain mentioned. And violent motion, when the Muscles are contracted with the Cramp: As we shewed in Spasmus. Also it comes from Extension of the Muscles by straining, which cause Bleed∣ing, such as is in inflamed or ulcerated Laziness, or such as increaseth by touching and motion. This pain is som∣times in the broad Muscle of the Breast, which moveth the Arm, coming from strong holding of the bridle in ri∣ding; sometimes in the Feet and Knees, from riding in short Stirrups.

Or in the Back, from stretching of the Membranes and Ligaments, by the great Bowels, lying upon them; or by a Tumor, as in divers Diseases of the Liver, Spleen, Guts, Mesentery, and Womb, and in women with child, as we shewed.

Or it is from wind that is bred by moisture or weak heat, or coming from other parts, which lifteth up and stretcheth the muscles, as we shewed in windy Cramp. And if it be between the membranes, it is a pain like that from Defluxion, but not so fixed, but wandring, and stretching, and not long lasting. And if it come to the skin, the pain is with palpitation or beating, as we shewed.

Also Compression of the parts may cause pain without breaking of the skin which if it is, * 1.15 belongs to Diseases of the skin. As from long lying in a great Disease, when there is a pain in the Back, and in other sensible parts; and from external violence, as when from pressing of the El∣bow, there is a numness and pricking of the two Fin∣gers.

Or when the Bones are out of their places, and lye u∣pon the Muscles, Membranes, or Nerves, there is pain, which is greater and longer, when there is Swelling or Heat, as when there is a great pricking pain, from a vio∣lent motion of the Back or Neck, or from Bones out of Joynt, while they lye upon these parts, and hinder moti∣on: As we shewed in want of Motion from a Disloca∣tion.

The same pain may be from broken Bones out of their place, which tear the parts, and hinder motion, as we shewed in want of Motion from a Fracture. Or from the Spondils of the Back broken out, which cause Pain, Swel∣ling, and Ulcers, before they come forth; as I knew in a Child of seven years old, who was born crook-baked, and had a Tumor in his left Shoulder, out of which came ma∣ny small bones of his Back, with much matter.

Solution of Continuity internal in a sensible part, causeth pain, * 1.16 as when the Membrane about the Belly is broken: Especially when the guts come forth, and there is an Hernia. As for other sensible parts, as Muscles and Nerves, they can scarce be broken without an external force. Of these we shall speak in the Diseases of the Skin.

Also Distemper causeth pain, * 1.17 whether cold or hot. If it be outward, it is to be referred to Diseases of the skin; if in∣ward, it comes from Defluxion, or con∣gestion of Humors: as shall be shewed. And in the Fits of Agues, the pain felt in the Back and Members, comes first from Cold, and then from heat, be∣cause the Cause lyeth in the great Vessels which are near the Back, and inflame the Nervous parts.

An Humor heaped, which is corrupt from evil Nourishment or Weakness of Concoction or crude, * 1.18 causeth pain in the bloodless parts, about the Bones, Periostium, and Membranes; where by reason of Cold, they are more easily heaped up, and more slow∣ly discussed. This is often in the Head, between the skul and skin, by reason of the plenty of Veins, which afford Excrements, which cannot easily be discussed, by reason of the thickness of the skin: Hence comes Cephalaea or Heach-ach external. This may be in other places upon bare Bones, like that in the French Pox, with Swelling, and Nodes, when the Nourishment of the part aboundeth, and turns to a Callus: as shall be shewed in external Tu∣mors.

Also when these Humors are hea∣ped without the Skull, * 1.19 there comes a pain external, which goes before De∣fluxions, and Joynt-gouts.

The same Excrements about the bloodless Region of the Joynts, not flowing from other parts, may cause a kind of Joynt-gout. This comes by degrees, not suddenly, as that which comes from a De∣fluxion, nor doth it cause great pain, and the tumor is only oedematous. This Arthritis or Joynt-gout seldome comes first, but follows the other, which comes from De∣fluxion, when the part is weakned, from which Defluxions & new Excrements are gathered. Hence they are free from the Gout, but there is some sign of it, either from Deflu∣xion or Congestion of Humors. Or if there be another kind of Arthritis from both, as a Sciatica: It lasteth long, and hath great changes.

A Defluxion of Humors causeth sud∣den pains, * 1.20 and they are either simple Defluxions, or Arthritical. The Hu∣mors either flow from within the Ves∣sels, or otherwise.

Humors congested without the Ves∣sels that cause these two sorts of pain, are supposed either flegmatick or waterish, but a waterish Humor, or pure Whey flowing to these parts, causeth resolution or tumor without pain, rather then with great pam. And therefore it must be mixed with other Excrements, and then as it is more cholerick, sharp, or salt, or evil, it stretcheth and tearing the part more or less, and causeth pain accor∣dingly.

The Original of this serous Humor comes from the Head, and flows downwards. And it is somtimes con∣gested in the inward part thereof, within the Skull from the Blood which is plentiful in the Head, when it is crude or impure. And when any part thereof is unfit for Nou∣rishment, and will not be concocted, there are Excrements in the Brain, which fall down, and cause pain. Before which there was a Heaviness in the Head, from the Mat∣ter heaped up, and other accidents. Also excrementiti∣ous blood sent to the Brain, comes from the weakness of the first or second Concoction, or from its Crudity, and the rather if the Brain be weak. Hence it is that though good blood be bred in the first Concoction, yet because it cannot be assimilated, or brought into substance in the third, there are many Excrements, and more when it is not at first well concocted, or mixed with Excrements. This cause of the weakness of the Brain, is either from the Parents, or from age and Disease, especially from Wine and Venery, the one stupefying, and the other spending the Spirits, and both weakning the Nerves and Brain, and taking away strength: Of the excess of which the Gout is the punishment. The plenty of this humor in the brain causeth it to flow down, or external cold wind, or moist∣ness that pierceth the Brain, and straineth and squeeseth it, or heat of the Sun or Baths causeth Defluxions, rather by opening the passages, and stirring up the Faculty to expel, then by melting the Flegm, as they call it. Also great motion that shakes the Head, by Neesing, Coughing, or the like, causeth the abounding Humor to slow down.

And we have shewed that the same humor may be with∣out the Skull, and flow down, and cause pain, before which was Head-ach, or Heaviness, and Swelling of the skin. And also we shewed the Cause why Humors are easily gathered there. And the same Causes that made the Humor flow which was internal, may move the exter∣nal, as cold and heat; and sooner, as we ordinarily may perceive.

The Defluxion of this Humor, which is both within and without the Skull, is divers. For if that flow, which is in the Skull, it causeth Diseases in the Habit of the Bo∣dy, and others also, as it falls into the bottom of the skull into the three cavities. For if it fall into the upper cham∣ber next the Forehead, then it is strained through the holes of the straining Bone, and comes like clear water out of the Nose, and is called Coriza. If it fall into the middle Cell or Chamber, which goeth to the Pallate with many holes, it either passeth thin presently, or continueth, and turneth thick into Snot, and so is blown out at the Nose, or hawked out. Or if it flow towards the Eyes, it is turned to Tears: as we shall shew in things sent forth. But if it follow the passage of the Nerves, in the middle cell, or fall into the hinder Cavity of the Skull, which is lower and larger, through the great hole behind, which contains the the narrow, from whence come the pain of Nerves, it fals into the Habit of the Body, into fleshy parts or Joynts, and causeth the Gout. Also when the Humor gathered with∣out the Skull, flows down under the skin, it causeth pains according to the parts, as we shall shew.

If it flow upon the fleshy parts, either inwardly or out∣wardly, then it gets between the Muscles and nervous Membranes, or between the Flesh and Skin, and Glandles, and causeth Heaviness, when it is much, or stretching, or pricking, when it is of evil Quality, or a Tumor occult or manisest, like an Oedema, and if the pain be great, and cause a Flux of Blood, it causeth Inflammation, which somtimes is known by heat and beating pain. And if it be outward, there is apparent Tumor and Redness. These pains from Defluxions are usually in the Back and Neck, and Face, and Breast somtimes, and Joynts, as we shewed. And when these parts have been used to Defluxions, they are weaker and loofer, and more apt to receive them.

If this Humor from within the Skull, flows by the ways of the Nerves into the Joynts, or from without under the skin, as Fernelius saith it may, then as it is about the Lips, Shoulders, Knees, Arms, Feet, or Finger-joynts, Back, or Cheeks, in one or more places, it causeth divers kinds of Gouts. In which they suppose the Joynt to be the part affected, and some think the inward part chiefly, because the pain is felt there, or increased by motion. But in re∣gard the moving Joynt is compounded inwardly, of two Bones, which have no Periostium in that part, but only a hard Gristle, and there is no Nerve there, and therefore they are all infensible, the pain cannot be within. Nor in the Joynt of the Thigh, where there is an insensible Liga∣ment. Moreover in regard the Bones are so exactly joyn∣ed in the Joynts, that there is no space between, and out∣wardly are closed with Ligaments, so that nothing can get in, how can any humor get in to breed the Gout, when there is no passage nor Vein. Moreover the Ligaments without that bind the Joynt, are infensible, or if they have any feeling, it is from the Periostium to which they grow, and that is very little. How then can there be so great pain in the Gout, if it be there? Neither can it be from the Tendons, which have little or no feeling. Besides, the Tumor without, which is at a distance from the Joynt, and the pain which is remote, shews that the pain is not in the Joynt. Also the chalky Matter, and the Nodes in the Gout, are not alwayes found in the Joynts, but in the parts adjacent. And though they grow in the Joynt som∣times, yet is not the pain therefore in the Joynts, or in the insensible parts whereof they are made. For they are

from other Causes, and cannot cause pain, except it be by hurting the part adjacent, nor other inconvenience, but Deformity and Hindrance of Motion. For no pain can be but from a sensible part, which is not in the Joynts. Therefore the Gout-pain is not from the Joynts, but the parts adjacent, as the Nerves, Muscles, and Membranes. And the reason why the pain is so near the Joynt, is the meeting of the Nerves there about, where they are com∣prehended in a little room, and bound about with Mem∣branes, and Ligaments, and solded together to move the Joynt, when in other places they are free, and go straight along the Body. Hence it is that when any matter falls into these narrow and crooked places, it easily stays there, and afflicts the Nerves causing pain. Which pain, if there be a Humor, is fixed in the strait passages, through which the Nerves run; as in the Sciatica, where the pain is a∣bove the Joynt, almost in the Loins, where the fourth Nerve goes to the Leg, and is bent outwardly, from the Cavity of the Hip, while the Humor sixeth, and when it removeth, the pain removeth to the Knee, to which the Nerve goes, or to the Foot; the pain is the same in the Shoulder. And when the Matter is much the pain is in di∣vers parts, where it is fixed, and in those narrow passages, where the Nerves pass through the holes of the Bone, as in the Back-bone, where it easily stayes, and causeth pain, and chiefly where the net work of the Nerves goes from the Neck to the Arms, and from the Loins to the Thighs.

The Disease that causeth this pain, is either stretching from much Humor, such as when it falls in a fleshy part, differing only in that the humor in this flows to the Mus∣cles next the Joynts, and causeth not so great pain, as when the Nerves are afflicted, and there is an Oedema in in the part. And if the humor be evil and infect the Nerves, the pain will be worse, and heat and redness will come from the Flux of Blood, and lastly a Swelling: as we shall shew in the Gout, from a Flux of Blood. Al these cease when the Excrements are consumed, and return u∣pon a new Defluxion. And after many Defluxions, some reliquies remain not discussed, which if they be glutinous, turn by degrees into Chalk. And if they are earthy, as serous humors use to be, as I shewed in the Stone, they turn to Stones. This is chiefly in the Hands, and Feet∣Joynts, because the humor can fall no further.

The Disposition of the part receiving, is a cause also why the humor goes hither or thither, as when the passages of the Nerves, and the places about the Joynts, are too loose. Or when there is haereditary Weakness in the Nerves or Brain, or when there hath been a Disease, or is a Deflu∣xion constantly stretching the passages. Hence it is that the humor, though it be not in great plenty in these pas∣sages so stretched, and made loose, as it is usually, when it causeth pain, yet it easily goes thither. And because it useth to go to the extremities by its thinness and the o∣penness of the passages, rather then stop by the way; and not only loosen the place, but separate the parts one from another. Hence it is that the Podagra, of Foot-gout, and Chiragra, or Hand-gout, are more usual then the o∣ther Gouts. And why after once, they come again monthy and yearly, and cannot be quite driven away. And the Sciatica, and other Gouts above, though the Matter stop in them, yet it is more seldom, because the matter descends, and the pain will not be so loosned as in the Hands and Feet, except there be a continual Defluxi∣on. And a general Arthritis or running Gout, is not so usual as the other kinds, because the humor that causeth it, must be a great quantity, to go into almost all the Joynts. And because the seldom coming thereof wea∣kens the parts but little, and also because (as I shall shew) it comes often from another Cause then a Defluxi∣on from the Head.

When Blood in the Veins falls about the Joynts, it be∣gets a hot Gout, with a Feaver, and Inflammation, and the like: as it doth Distention and Heat in any other part.

This is from the abundance of it, or when it is too hot, and causeth a Synoch Feaver, which usually presently follows the hot Gout, and attends it. And as an Erysipelas comes in a Synoch Feaver, from the Blood sent to the skin, so doth the Gout from the same sent to the Joynts, and they who are subject to the Gout, are subject to a Synoch, with Erysipelas. And the Patient hopes somtimes it will be but an Erysipelas, when he is subject to have both. Also the Blood being made more impure and thin by excrementi∣tious Whey, may cause an Arthritis, with a smaller Fea∣ver. And when the Gout is more general in many parts, and comes oftner, it is from Blood, which easily goeth through the Body, and not from a Defluxion from the Head, which is seldom the cause, but when it is in great quantity. Although a particular Gout, as the Feet and Hip, may be often from blood, with a Feaver. In these Gouts from blood, if it be very hot, and inflame the Nerves, the pain and burning is greater, with redness and tumor, (except it lye low, as in Sciatica) and with an erysipelated Phelg∣mon. But if the blood be waterish, the tumor will be spread like an Oedema, and the pain less, and not very troublesom, but because it is in divers parts.

The cause of the heat and foulness of the Blood is men∣tioned in Synochs, as the use of stronge wine excessively which weakens the brain by astonishment, and makes the blood increase, grow hot and thin, which is easily there∣fore inflamed, to produce a Feaver, by which a part of it is sent to the Joynts. This is the cause and punishment of the Gout. Hence it is the rich mans Disease, who u∣seth excess in wine, and spiced meats, that inflame the blood. And somtimes the poor mans from other causes, as is the Feaver with Erysipelas. It comes to all by the Disposition of the Part through weakness, and by loosness of the passages; as we shewed in Arthritis from Defluxion, especially if the Flux hath been often, which causeth grea∣ter weakness.

Also Blood sent to other parts that are fleshy in Sy∣nochs, as into the Emunctuaries of the Kernels there, may cause pain, with a Tumor and Feaver: as we shewed in Feavers. Or disturb by its plenty and thinness, when it goes to any part of its own accord, or by labor or pain.

An occult malignant Quality, as ap∣pears by the effect, being external, * 1.21 cau∣seth the pain about the Bones, which is called the fourth sort of French Pox. This Quality comes from the Body of a∣nother infected, whether totally or in part: Therefore Whores infected, though they walk abroad, and have not great accidents, may infect others. And somtimes a Whore takes it, and gives it to the next Customer, and clears her self. This Quality insecteth by touch, especially of the naked tender Privities in Copulation, and so it passeth from one Instrument of Generation to another, and so to the whole Body. Hence it is that it came from the In∣dies to us. And it may come by insected Excrements o∣ther wayes, as Sweat in Hankerchers or Shirts, or from Spittle, even as the poyson of venemous Breasts is com∣municated by biting; therefore beware of Spoons and Cups, wherein they drink, and Kisses by which Nurses in∣fect Children. For in my Fathers time in our honest Fa∣mily, my Mother was infected with her Child that she gave suck to, by that means, through a Harlot that was infected, and her servant. And my Father with the help of a Chyrurgion, cured them both by ordinary means. It may come also from the touching of mattery Clouts. And a Midwise of sixty years old in Paris, delivering a woman that had a venereal Ulcer, had an Ulcer in her Hand, by which means she infected many honest Women, when she touched their Privities, as Lewisa Burgesia, the famous Midwife to the Queen of France, recorded in her Book. Few Bodies are thus infected, but Infants and very tender People often touched. Nor can it come by breath, for then more would be infected; although many to smoo∣ther their unlawful Lechery, pretend it.

This Quality is in a Vapor or Humor, and goes from the Body to Body, and infects the Part it first toucheth, and seldom stayes there, but goes like poyson through the bo∣dy, especially into the membranous parts; and if it be outwards, it is like an Elephantiasis, and causeth loss of Hair, Pustles, and Ulcers: As that shall be shewed in dis∣eases of the Skin from the Pox. If it be deep in the solid parts, then it gets into the Periostium and Membranes, and causeth pain about the Bones, especially when there is no Flesh, and where many Membranes and Nerves meet in the Heart, Breast, Skins, and the like. These pains are increased with heat, and produce Nodes, after the Periostium is eaten away; as we shewed in Cepha∣laea, from congestion of humors. And few other inconve∣niences, but no great change in the Spirits and Humors, nor doth any thing appear of that Nature in the Urin, Ex∣crements, and Hurt of the Functions, except accidents do arise from great pain, and long continuance, or violent medicines, which we must rather study to cure then the Pox.

There is also inwardly a secret Malig∣nity, * 1.22 which being an enemy to some parts, causeth pain in the Habit of the Body, like this, such as we shewed might come from the Pox, taken from with∣out, or a Head-ach external without the Pox, when besides the distemper causeth pain, there is also Malignity, by which it lasteth longer. And some pains of the Joynts that come from Defluxion, * 1.23 when the Hu∣mor is malignant, may produce somthing malignant, and un∣known, formerly in divers Diseases, which is often and la∣sting, and hath its proper accidents, and can scarce be cu∣red. And we may very well con∣ceive that the pain in the Cramp, * 1.24 which runeth through the Body, comes from a perverse quality that is offensive to the Nerves, by the wonderful and strange accidents it produceth for a long time, by the Nerves, through the whole Body, to the ex∣tremity of them, where the pain is greatest. * 1.25 And those Diseases which are called Colds and Heats, come from Malignity, as appears by their prodigious Symptoms.

The Cure.

When accidents are joyned with pains in the Habit of the Body, * 1.26 and are greater we shewed the Cure thereof to be in the accidents that are most urgent. As when pain comes from Distention, and from too much motion, it becomes a stretching pain with Laziness, or a violent with the Cramp: The Cure of one is shewed in the Cramp, and of the other in Laziness. And if the pain increase from too much motion, and a Flux of blood be joyned, you must use the same Cure. And if the pain be chiefly in the Back from inward Diseases, it must be cu∣red as the Symptom of these Diseases. If Wind cause stretching pain, cure it as Spasmus, or Cramp, or Palpita∣tion. If the Members are weary, and broken by long lying and Compression, restore them as in Laziness. If any part is pained from Compression, the cause being ta∣ken away, it ceaseth, except Inflammation follow, which requires a Cure by it self. If pain come from broken or dislocated Bones appointed for motion that press the parts: The Cure is shewed in Immobility. If it be in o∣ther Fractures, that cause no loss of motion, because other internal and external accidents follow with Tumors, cure it as in Tumors. If pain come from a Rupture, see Rup∣tures and Tumors from thence. * 1.27 If there be evil Feeling from a hot or cold Distemper external upon the part, see the Diseases of the Skin. If from Feavers, see Feavers. If external Head-ach come from Humors, see Head-ach. If in a Palsie there be pain from a malignant Defluxion, see the Palsie.

We shall distinguish the Cause of Pains in the Habit of the Bo∣dy, * 1.28 which are greater then their accidents; as the three kinds, either such as are about the Joynts, or Flesh, or Bones, and cure them in respect of their Causes. But if the pain be from Flux of Blood, or Water called the pains of the Joynts: * 1.29 We shall cure it the same way. As if it be arthritis from the congestion of Humors, because it come from a Defluxion first. * 1.30 And the same way of cure shall shew how a heaviness of the Head from congestion of Humors, that goes before an Arthritis and Defluxion may be cured, and they prevented. * 1.31 And if pain like that from Deflu∣xion, come of wind, because the same things that dissolve a flowing Humor expel wind: We shall use the same way to cure and prevent the breeding thereof. But pains from a ma∣lignant quality, will have a particular Cure, as from the Pox, and the like, of which, when we have spoken of the Cure of Defluxions and Joynts.

Defluxions that fall generally into the Habit of the Body, * 1.32 though they are usu∣al, and upon divers parts, molesting more or less, and comming from light Causes and returning, except they fall upon the inward parts, especially the Midriff, are not so dangerous, and are easier cured then the Joynts. And pain from wind, is more easie to be cured. All Joynt∣pains are perverse and last long, and easily return. Among which, though the general Gout be the greatest pain, and somtimes dangerous, with other accidents, yet because the cause must be great, that must send it to so many pla∣ces, it is not so usual, and it comes slower, and seldomer then the rest, and somtimes never returns. Podagra and Chiragra are most usual, and return monthly or yearly, and are hard to be cured when sixed, but kill not but by other accidents, for many have lived long with the Gout, and others by the Gout have been freed from greater Dis∣eases, which the Defluxion using to fall before, upon more noble parts would have caused. The Sciatica and Shoulder-gout, are less usual then the Podagra, and more then the Arthritis, they return seldomer then the Podagra, and sooner then Arthritis, and somtimes are away some years, and return again, and last as long as an Arthritis, for some months, but with less danger. These things observed, we must make our Praedictions accordingly, especially in the Podagra fixed or haereditary, and not promise rashly to cure. But we must try if we can make it less, or come seldomer, and bring it to pass if possible, and comfort the Patient that age abateth the pain.

The Method of curing in Defluxions, * 1.33 and Joynt-pains, is to prevent, and take away the pain: We must prevent so that they may return less and seldo∣mer. By hindering the increase of blood or water in the Head, or the whole Body, by Diet and Evacuations, and Correcters of Distemper and Weakness. We divert the Flux from the Joynts and other parts, with things that stop, or by deri∣vation of the Humor. And we confirm and strengthen the parts, to which they use to flow, when they are loose and weak, that they may not receive the humors, and a∣mend the distemper.

After the Defluxion is fallen, and in the time of pain, we cure by stopping at the Fountain, or straintning the passages, through which the Humor flows, and by Revul∣sion from the part, and Derivation and Repercussion, and we allay the pain, and prevent a new Defluxion, procee∣ding by degrees, especially after the Humor is fallen down to things that digest it, if it be Blood, and discuss, as in o∣ther Inflammations. If it be another Humor, let the means be stronger, and if it lye deep, more attractive, and consuming or opening. And in the Declination, we strengthen the part, and consume the residue. These are done divers wayes, as the Defluxion is upon the Joynts, and Members, or Back, Breast, or Neck, or Face (of which in Tooth-ach) or as it is a general Arthritis, or a Poda∣gra, Chiragra, Gonagra, Sciatica, or Shoulder-gout, cal∣led Pain of the Homoplate, by Diet, or Medicine, by Eva∣cuations, by Stool, Vomit, Spitting, Sweating, Pissing, Cutting, Burning: Also by Alterers inwardly taken, and outwarly applied, as follows.

The Diet must be to prevent Excre∣ments and Humors, * 1.34 or keep them from flowing. Let the Air be temperate and dry, for cold, windy, cloudy, and moist Weather and hot, provokes Defluxions, and the more when it suddenly alters from cold to hot. Let not the Patient wash his Hands or Feet in Water, for it is hurtful, whether cold or hot. And Wine is better, as we shall shew in strengthning the Joynts. Let the Diet be convenient in quantity and quality, with Exercise, Sleep, and other Motions of Mind and Body: As we shewed at large in Weakness of the Stomach, to prevent Excrements. If it comes from Blood, we must diet as in Feavers, espe∣cially in Gouts, that easily return, as the Podagra, and good order of Diet-wine, and Women wil prevent, or abate the Gout: As when there is a simple exquisite Diet, only eating once a day, abstaining from wine, or drinking it sparingly, or with water. Instead whereof they may have Drinks made fit, or Meath. As for Venery, they must either give it over, or use it seldom, and not standing. And this may be the reason why Hippocrates saith that Women have not the Gout, before they have used Venery, and Eunuchs seldom have the Gout.

When the pain is begun, let the Diet be thin, and let them fast as much as they can; and use Medicines proper in their Diet, according to the accidents. In the Arthri∣tis forbid wine. And if they be hot or feaverish, give steeled water, Juleps, and sharp Syrups, if the Defluxion be in its Course. If they be not hot, give the Decoction of Coriander, with Syrups, or Hydromel, and rub the whole parts, and the opposite to derive the Humor instead of Exercise.

To prevent Defluxions and Joynt∣pains, open the Belly, * 1.35 and purge Spring and Fall, and at other times, if the Body be foul, as the Humor is wa∣terish, which requires stronger means, or bloody, which requires less, with Praeparatives if need be: as we shew∣ed. If a Podagra comes from Blood, we shewed the cure in a Synoch, with Erysipelas. If Defluxions and Arthri∣tis come from water, there are Purges mentioned in Dis∣eases of the Brain and Nerves. If the Humor now flow, they must be used warily, least the Defluxion increase thereby, chiefly in the Joynt-pains; not only from Blood, in which it is enough to keep the Belly open, but if from other Defluxions, because they are thin, and easily stirr'd, use gentle Purgers, with Binders, and divert the Matter rather then move it with strong Medicines. This must be observed at the beginning, in the Cure of Arthritis, in the Pains of the Joynts, it is best to avoid strong Purging, not only for the reasons shewed, but to hinder pain by vio∣lent motion, use Laxatives first and after strong Pur∣gers.

Thus, give Clysters to prevent and cure, for they open the Belly, and draw from the Joynts and other parts. Es∣pecially in the Sciatica, and pain of the Back and Loyns, from Defluxions, because they come near to the parts af∣fected, and abate the pain, and if they be strong, draw the Humor away: Let them be such as were mentioned in the like case.

Or if the pain come from blood, make a cooling and pricking Clyster of the Decoction of Polypody, Mallows, Marsh-mallows, Violets, Beets, Mercury, Bran, and cold Seeds, with Sugar, Honey, Oyl, Butter, Cassia, Yolks of Eggs, and the like.

In other cases of Defluxions and Arthritis, especially in the Hip and Parts adjacent, use this common loosning, pricking, and anodyne Clyster. Take Althaea roots two ounces, Orris an ounce, Mallows, Blues, Beets, Coleworts, Mercury, Bettony, Calamints, Penny-royal, each a handful; Chamomil, Melilot, Dilt, Stoechas, and Lavender flowers, each a pugil; Foenugreek, and Lineseed; each half an ounce; Caraway seeds, and Rue, each a dram; Bran a pugil, boyl and strain, add Honey two ounces, red Sugar an ounce, Tur∣pentine, dissolved with the York of an Eg, a dram and an half, Hiera, Catholicon, or Electuary Indi half an ounce, Oyl of Lillies, and Chamomil, each an ounce and half; Sal Gem half a dram: make a Clyster.

Another that heats and discusseth. Take Orris roots an ounce, Calamus, Elicampane, each half an ounce; Hedg∣mustard, Groundpine, Calamints, or Balm, Time, Marjoram, Bettony, each three handsuls; Flowers of St. Johns-wort, Staechas, Lavender, and Rosemary, each a pugil; Bay-ber∣ries half an ounce, Cummin, and Sasely seed, each two drams; boyl them in Wine, and Water, add Honey of Rosemary an ounce and an half; Juyce of Rue an ounce, Sack two ounces, Benedicta Laxativa an ounce, Castor a scruple, Oyl of Rue three ounces, with a little Salt make a Clyster, if you add half a dram of Oyl of Spike, or a little Oyl of Time, Rosema∣ry, Calamints, it will be stronger.

In the pain about the Loyns, give Oyl of Rue alone.

A sharp diverting and purging Clyster. Take Briony∣roots, and Hermodacts, each six drams, Agarick, Asarum, each two drams; Hedg-mustard, Penny-royal, Wormwood, each a handful; Tops of Centaury a pugil, Rue, and Hedg∣mustard seed, each two drams; boyl, strain, and add Honey an ounce and an half, Ʋrin of a Boy two ounces, Hiera Loga∣dij, Rufi, or Colocynthidos three drams, Juyce of Water cres∣ses an ounce, Oyl of bitter Almonds three ounces, with a little Salt make a Clyster. If you add a dram of Coloquintida, it will be better.

Also Decoctions mixed with the Pickle of Fishes, and u∣rin alone, makes good Clysters. Some add Chymical Oyls

And others give Sory in Wine, which corrodes, and the Pickle of the Fish Silurus.

Suppositories also that are sharp, stir up Nature, and derive from the part. As, Take boyled Honey, and add a dram of Hiera, Esula half a dram, Sal Gem. a scruple, with Mouse dung make a Suppository.

All these Purges composed against the Gout and other Defluxions; if it come from Blood, give gentle things, as Syrup of Roses, Cassia, Manna, Catholicon, Diapru∣nis, Tryphera Persica, and Broath of an old Cock, Dios∣corides.

Or this: Take Rhubarb four scruples, Spike half a scru∣ple, infuse them in Water of Iva, or the like, strain, and dissolve some of the forementioned therein. Or if you will have it stronger, two drams of Electuary of Juyce of Roses.

To cleanse the Blood. Take Hops and Fumitory, each a handful; Cordial Flowers a pugil, Sebestens six pair, Ta∣marinds half an ounce, Liquorish three drams, Polypody half an ounce, Thyme, and Epithymum, each a dram; Senna two drams, boyl, strain, and infuse therein Rhubarb a drams Spike a scruple, Citrine Myrobalans a dram and half, strain them ad Syrup of Roses an ounce, or half an ounce of Catholicon, or Triphera: make a Potion.

Or this Decoction. Take the Broath of an old Cock, Capon, or Veal, boyl therein Bark of Lignum vitae, or the Wood two ounces, and insuse in the hot strained Liquor, Senna two ounces, let it cool by degrees twenty four hours, add Syrup of Roses four ounces. Give it four mornings, with a little Cinnamon-water, this draws Water from the part. And some add an ounce of the Water of Bears Ear to every Dose.

Or this Syrup. Take Myrobalans, Chebs, yellow and in∣dy, each an ounce; Polypody an ounce and half, Raisons sto∣ned twenty pair, Cordial Flowers two drams, Spike half a dram, infuse them in Wormwood-water, boyl, and strain, and add Juyce of Roses six ounces, Manna four ounces, Sugar two ounces, give three ounces at a time.

If it come from a wheyish Humor, give Hiera, Ale∣phangina, Assaieret, or Pills of Rhubarb and Agarick.

An Electuary: Take Catholicon an ounce and half, Senna six drams, Tartar half an ounce, Anise-seed two drams, Rue seed half a dram, Roots of five leaved Grass a dram, Ginger half a dram, Cinnamon a dram, with Syrup of Roses make an Electuary: Give a bolus every week.

A Potion: Take Chips of Guaicum half a pound, Roots of Dwarse elder, Elicumpane, Hermodacts, each half an ounce; Senna four ounces, Agarick half an ounce, Ginger half a dram, with Honey, Wine, and Water, make a Decoction for six doses, every other third day, or twice a week.

A Potion: Take Agarick two drams, Rhubarb a dram and half, Myrobalans, Chebs, and Citrine, each half a dram; Aloes a dram, Roots of five leaved Grass, of Birthwort, Spike, Mastick, Myrrh, Amber, Cubebs, Ginger, each a scruple; with Turpentine make Pills: Give half a dram twice or thrice in a week, add Diagredium, if you will have it stronger.

Or these: Take Rhubarb, Agarick, each half an ounce; Myrobalans, Chebs, and Citrine, each a dram; Aloes two drams, Sarcocol, Rdellium, Sagapenum, each half a dram; Roots of Birthwort, Valerian, Meum, Gentian, Herb Iva, Germander, Tops of Centaury, St. Johns-wort, Parsley seed, each a scruple; Spike, Zedoary, Ginger, Mace, Sal Gem. each half a scruple; with Syrup of Coleworts make a Mass.

Pills of Hermodacts good in the Joynts, may be used to prevent. The Arabians make them of Hermodacts, Cum∣min, and Ginger, with Honey; the Greeks add Cartha∣mus seeds, Euphorbium, Myrrh, Mastick, Anise, Pepper. The strongest are these called the lesser, made of Scammo∣ny, Hermodacts, Myrobalans, Aloes, and Roses, and are good in a hot Cause. Those called the greater, work strongest, and are best in a cold Cause, made of Hermo∣dacts, Coloquintida, Turbith, Myrobalans, Aloes, Bdel∣lium, Sagapenum, Opopanax, Sarcocol, Euphorbium, Castor, Rue seed, Agrimony, Smallage, and Saffron, with Juyce of Coleworts. Arthritical or Joynt-pills, are made of Hermodacts, Turbith, Agarick, Scammony, A∣loes, Sal Gem. with Spices, Gums, and Seeds that break the Stone.

Or make Pills of Hermodacts, choosing alwayes the white, smooth, and easie to be beaten, that have a white Pouder, take heed of the Colchick poyson, whose heads are wrinkled, and are black within, and without, or dark red. Thus, Take true Hermodacts half an ounce, Aloes, Turbith, Agarick, each a dram and half; Rhubarb, Myro∣balans, Citrine, and Chebs, each a dram; Mastick two scru∣ples, Euphorbium a scruple, Ginger, and Cummin seeds, each half a dram; Saffron half a scruple, with Honey, or Syrup of Roses make a Mass, give a dram, add if you will make them stronger, Diagredium a dram, or Troches of Alhandal two scruples, and to two scruples, add a scruple of Rhubarb, and with the Juyce of Iva, Coleworts, or Roses make Pills.

Or thus: Take Aloes six drams, Citrine Myrobalans a dram and half, Turbith, Hermodacts, each half a dram; Rhu∣barb a dram, Sal Gem. Ginger, each half a scruple; Dia∣gredium; Troches, of Alhandal, each three scruples and an half; with Syrup of Roses make Pills.

In Defluxions for to purge strongly, give an Electuary of Citrons, Juyce of Roses, Elescoph (Amoron of the French King, is commended in the Sciatica) and sine qui∣bus Pills, of Myrobalans, and Aggregative. We use also things to purge Flegm from the Head and Nerves, as Dia∣phaenicon, Diacarthamum, Indy majus, Pills of Cochiae Aureae, Foetidae, and of Sagapenum.

An Electuary commended by Galen, and others to take a∣way pain of the Joynts presently. Take Hermodacts, and Diagredium, each two drams; Ginger, Cloves, Cummin, and bitter Costus, each an ounce, with Honey boyled in white Wine three ounces, make an Electuary; give two or four drams in a Wafer dipt in Wine, or drink it in Wine.

Or this: Take Hermodacts, and Turbith, each two drams and an half; Agarick a dram, Aloes, Scammony, each two drams; Lilly roots, and Squills roasted each a dram and half; Tops of Centaury six drams, Olibanum, Galbanum, Ammo∣niacum, each a dram; Mastick a dram, Anise, Fennel, Par∣sley seed, each three drams; Cloves six drams, Cinnamon half an ounce, Cubebs, Spike, each two drams; Carpobalsom, and Wood-balsom, each a dram; three Peppers, each half a dram; Saffron a scruple, Castor half a scruple, make a Pouder, and with Honey an Electuary, give it as the other.

Or the Electuary of Zeno.

Tablets for the same. Take Hermodacts two drams, Turbith a dram and an half, Diagredium a dram, Rhubarb two drams, Spike a dram, Calamus, Cubebs, long Pepper, each half a dram; Sugar four ounces, dissolved in Rose-water, make Lozenges, give two drams.

Or thus: Take Turbith, and Rhubarb, each two drams; Carthamus seeds three drams, Diagredium a dram, Cinnamon, yellow Sanders, and red Roses, each a dram; with two ounces of Sugar dissolved in Rose-water, make Tablets.

Much may be done by Vomit to prevent, because it cleanseth and deriveth, if they who are used to it, vomit once or twice in a month, or more two days together, es∣pecially presently after Meat, which if it were fat, and strong, and much, and the Belly rubbed, the Vomiting will be easier. In all Defluxions, and kinds of Gouts, Vomits, and Clysters, are better then Purges to divert. And in the Sciatica, it is good to vomit two or three days together.

Asarum and Broom are chiefly commended for Vomits in the Gout; as the Decoction of the Seeds or Roots of Asarum boyled in Water or Whey, or the Decoction of Broom flowers, and the Seeds of Ricinus in Broath.

Also the Decoction of Raddish seed, Atriplex, Dill, Water-cresses, Rocket, Dwarse-elder, in the broath of an old Cock, with Oyl of Olive, of Chamomil, or Oxymel, or Honey, and Water, and the like.

By much Spitting we draw Flegm from the Head, as the Fountain to prevent Defluxions, especially when by the heaviness of the Head, we suppose the Humor is ga∣thered there; and when Nature doth not purge that way, we help her with Masticatories and Errhines.

Also Sweating is good to prevent serous humors, breed∣ing the Gout, and they cannot be better sent from the whol Habit of the Body. And because the blood is there∣by purged from water, it is good when the Gout comes from blood, to make it thicker.

They are continued a long time for four or five weeks, by a sweating Potion, in the Morning, and before Supper, made of the Decoction of Guaicum, Sarsa, or China, with Water of Iva arthritica, with a sparing Diet, with the Decoction of the same for Drink. And you may make Wine of the same; as we shewed in the French Pox. Also use Baths for a month, this will strengthen the Joynts.

Also it is good once a week, after Purging to sweat, to take away the Defluxion, by a dry bath, morning, and be∣fore supper, or in bed, with Treacle, Mithridate, or Rob of Elder a dram, Syrup of St. Ambrose six drams. And with the Decoction of Rupture-wort. Or half an ounce of Dwarfe-elder roots, or four scruples of the Seeds infu∣sed a night in white Wine, is good in the Gout.

Also you may sweat by Fumes.

It is not amiss to discuss the Matter, by sweating; as I at large shewed in impotent Motion.; In a Tub that hath had strong Water, and Jumper burnt in it, or in a Cradle made on purpose, with an Alembick under it with proper things.

Also after Purging it is good to sweat, especially if Na∣ture move that way, when the Defluxion is but in the be∣ginning of an Arthitis force it not, least the Humor being thin, flow the faster; but if Nature tend that way, give some gentle Helpers mentioned.

By pissing plentifully, the serous humors are carried from the Veins and whole Body, and it is good to pre∣vent Gouts. And somtimes we provoke Urin in the Fit to derive, with the Decoction of Pease, opening Roots, Asparagus, Melon seeds, and the like in the morning.

We prevent Defluxions and Gouts, by opening a Vein in full and foul bo∣dies, * 1.36 in Spring and Fall, especially when the Gout is from blood. And Galen saith that he prevented the Gout by purging, and bleeding, and tempe∣rate Diet. Open the Arm-vein for ge∣neral Evacuation; or that in the Foot, for particular, which is good in Women, when the Terms are stopt. And it is acknowledged a singular Remedy to prevent the Po∣dagra to let blood twice a year in the Foot. And it de∣riveth and preventeth, if it be done in the sound Foot. And some open the Vein in the Loyns by the Buttocks, to prevent the Sciatica.

For Cure of Defluxions and Gouts from Blood, it is good to bleed at first, for Revulsion in the part distant, as in the arm or hand, to draw from the feet, or to derive by the part, near where it is found. In the Sciatica from blood, open a vein in the arm to revel; Hippocrates ope∣neth them behind the Ears; and the Arabians opened the Veins by the little Finger. This done, open the Vein in the Ham or Ankle within, to derive, or without, if it ap∣pear most, which is called the Sciatica-vein, for its great benefit: This alone cures somtimes. This is done on the same side the Sciatica is, although we have known by ex∣perience, that bleeding on the sound side hath cured. This bleeding in the Foot is good when the pain is not from blood, but then bleed not in the arm before. Otherwise you must not bleed rashly in particular Gouts from water, least you move the humors, except from the great pain, you fear a new Flux of blood, and then you may do it for Revulsion.

We use also Cupping and Scarification to prevent. of what cause soever it come, in the inside of the Leggs or Ankles: It is good in Podagra and Sciatica. It is chief∣ly good every new Moon, to scarifie in the sole of the foot, under the great Toe, to prevent a Podagra. And in the beginning of Defluxions and Joynt-pains; it is good for turning the Matter another way, in the opposite sound part, as in the Sciatica in the Buttocks and Leggs, and in the Shoulder-pain in the Scapulae. And to bleed by Leeches, in the Haemorrhoids especially, where there hath been a custom.

Some teach that they can stop the Flux to the part, by opening and tying the Vein. And some have drawn yel∣low Water from the Hands and Feet, by cutting, which Hippocrates alloweth. But when no certain Matter ap∣pears, the way is doubtful and dangerous. And a light Incision is good when the Nodes or Knots strive to get out, and the skin is there.

Also the Flux of Humors is diverted by burning and blistering, this is the best to prevent, and to cure by draw∣ing forth the matter; and is to be used chiefly when the matter lyeth deep, and will not be discussed by Medicines. as in the Sciatica, and Shoulder-gout, or other kind, or defluxion upon the Members, when the Cause of the Dis∣ease sticks stoutly: This is the last Remedy to take it out.

The gentlest way is to apply things that make the skin red, only in the Hip, Shoulder, and other fleshy parts, upon the pain. As Sinapisms made of Mustard seed, and Vine∣gar one part, and Figgs, or Leaven two or three parts, with Pigeons dung.

Stronger things blister and burn, called Vesicatories and Cauteries, these are applied behind the Neck to prevent, or to the arms to cure, to stop the Flux a little above the part, or when it is flown below it, as in the Joynt-pains, below in the Joynt, in the Sciatica, in the Instep, or to the Buttocks, in the Gonagra to the Ham, or upon the part.

These Vesicatories are Flamula, Crowfoot, Spargrass, Daphnoides, Capsicum, Dragons bruised, or Nettles, or Milk of Figgs, with Bran, and Vinegar.

Or apply a potential Cautery of Spanish Flies, and Lea∣ven, and things that take away pain, mentioned in ope∣ning Imposthumes.

This is done sooner and better, with a hot Iron, and they will not feel so much pain, if you clap first a Plate of cold Iron upon the part, to be burnt, which hath a hole in it, through which the Cautery Iron may pass, for by the Coldness of it, and pressing, and stupefying of the skin, the pain is not felt.

We give to prevent the Gout that re∣turns so often, * 1.37 when it comes of blood things to cool and thicken it. Such as we shewed in Synochs, with Erysipelas, as sharp Waters and Spaws, by use where∣of many have been kept free from the Gout. I knew a man that was troubled with the Gout, and lived many years after, by the use of a Drink made of Bar-berries, Prunes, Plumbs Apples, and four Pears, with a few Juniper-berries; and some have been cured by drinking of ashes, Milk; others with Vinegar, for di∣vers dayes. Dioscorides commends Vinegar, and Honey; others Vinegar of Squills.

If the pain come from a watery Defluxion, then give things to consume it, and to strengthen the brain and Nerves, by which the Gout is prevented, if constantly u∣sed. And the Podagra from blood, is so prevented by temperate things that consume the Serum, and make the blood purer and thicker, These are mentioned in a Pal∣sie from Flegm, and Weakness of Stomach, and other Dis∣eases from Defluxions.

Among which the Water of Groundpine, or Iva arthri∣tica, is best, or the Decoction thereof, in Hydromel, Oi∣nomel, or Honey, and Wine, Water, or Vinegar, called Oxymel, if often drunk; or a syrup of the juyce of it; or a Conserve, or a Pouder of the same; or of Primrose, or Cowslips. Also Bettony, Sage, and Stoechas.

These following taken many weeks together, dry up Defluxions, and are excellent.

As Decoction of Althaea roots, Grass roots, Aspara∣gus, five leaved Grass, white Thorn, Echium, Corn-pop∣pey, and Aethiop leaves, are approved of Dioscorides a∣gainst the Sciatica, in wine, or wine and water, with Ho∣ney and Sugar.

An Electuary. Take Conserve of Groundpine two oun∣ces, of Primrose, Lilly of the Valleys, Broom, and Bettony flo∣wers each an ounce and half, Conserve of Roses an ounce, Cinna∣mon a dram, Cloves, Galangal, Nutmeg, each half a dram; Ginger a scruple, Spike half a scruple, Coral a dram, Harts horn, and Ivory, each half a dram; with Syrup of Bettony, or Groundpine, make an Electuary: Give as much as a Nut∣meg, and drink Bettony water upon it.

Another: Take Seeds of St. Johns-wort, Leaves of Ger∣mander, each two ounces; Groundpine an ounce and an half, Bettony half an ounce, round Birthwort roots an ounce and half, Sarsa an ounce, Angelica six drams, Sassaphras half an ounce, Asphodel roots, if they can be had two drams, Ivory, Harts horn, Amber, each a dram; red Coral a dram and half, Cinnamon two drams, Cloves a dram, Saffron half a dram, add to them poudered being an ounce, two ounces of Honey, give four scruples or a dram. If you would have Pills, mix the Pouders with Turpentine, and some proper sy∣rup, and give half a dram.

Another to be used daily. Take Sarsa four ounces, St. Johns-wort seeds, Leaves of Groundpine, and Germander, each eight ounces; round Birthwort roots six ounces, Angelica three ounces, Cinnamon two drams, Cloves four scruples, Saffron two scruples, with Honey boyled in white Wine, make an Electu∣ary.

Or these Pills: Take Roots of round Birthwort, and An∣gelica, each two drams; Leaves of Groundpine three drams, Rupturewort a dram, Spike half a dram, Saffron a scruple, Ashes of dead mens Skuls a dram and half, with Turpentine, and syrup of Bettony, make Pills: Give a dram.

Sciatica pills: Take Pouder of Groundpine six drams, Gum Ammoniacum, and Opopanax, each a dram; Myrrh half a dram, Castor a scruple, Enphorbium half a scruple, with Turpentine make Pills.

A Sciatica Electuary: Take Groundpine, and German∣der, and Ivy, each half an ounce; Rue, Sage, Mugwort, Sa∣vine, Bettony, Thyme, each a dram; Seeds of St. Johnswort, or Ascyri, or Androsaemum three drams, wild Rue, and Sou∣thernwood seeds, each a dram; Madder, and Monks-Rhu∣barb roots, each a dram and half; Pepper, and Cardamoms, each half a dram; make a pouder, and with a pound of Ho∣ney an Electuary, give a dram.

Or, Take the Pouder last mentioned an ounce and half, Roots of Xyris, Polemonium, and white Poplar barks, each a dram and half; of Heliochrys, Arctium, Chamaecyssus, cal∣led Ground-Ivy, Dasy flowers, and Comfrey, each a dram; Cappar, and Ocimastrum seeds, or wild Basil, each half a dram; with Honey make an Electuary: Give it as the former.

An excellent Syrup against all sorts of Gouts. Take Sarsa two ounces, Calamus, and Roots of five leaved Grass, and Birthwort, each an ounce; Angelica half an ounce, Asarum two drams, Groundpine, Rupturewort, and Bettony, and Ger∣mander, each a handful; Sage, Thyme, Mints, Marjoram, each half a handful; Primrose, and Comfroy flowers, each a pugil; Rosemary, Staechas, and Lavender flowers, each half a handful; Aniseseeds half an ounce, St. Johns-wort seeds two drams, Basil, Seseli, and Rue seed, each a dram; boyl them in Water, and the third part Wine, strain, and add Honey a pint, make a Syrup, with Cinnamon two drams, Cloves a dram: Give an ounce to prevent, alone, or with Water of Groundpine, or Bettony.

A Pouder of ashes to dry up Water. Take Ashes of a dead mans Skull an ounce, of a Bulls pizzle, or Castor half an ounce, of Swallows, Cuckow, or Kites two drams, of Harts∣horn, and burnt Ivory, each a dram; of Amber half a dram, Pearl half a scruple, Cinnamon two drams, Diagalangal and Diamoschum, each half a dram; Sugar of Roses, and Sugar Candy, as much as all the rest: Give a dram and half, and drink wine with proper distilled water thereupon, or make Tablets with Sugar dissolved in Bettony or Ground∣pine water.

In the Cure, give things to stop the Humor, when it falls. If it be blood, let it be cooled and thickned, with syrup of Violets, Water-lillies, Endive dryed, red Roses, Myrtles, Julep of Roses and Violets, with Water of Sor∣rel, Plantane, Lettice, Roses, and the like. Or with a Decoction of Prunes, Sebestens, Jujubes, and the things mentioned in Synochs. To stop the Humor, use things mentioned in Defluxions and Catarrhs.

Somtimes give Narcotick Opiats in both cases, they are not dangerous, for they abate pain, and stop the Flux, as Treacle and Mithridate; and if the Defluxion be wa∣terish, ad a little Bole. Also Philonium Asyncritum, and things mentioned in Colicks that heat, if there be pain and watching.

Adding as followeth, to stop Defluxions. Take Ma∣stick, Frankincense, each a dram; Storax half a dram, fine Bole a dram and half, Ivory and Bedeguar, each half a dram; Spike half a dram, Saffron half a scruple, Opium five grains, with Syrup of Poppies make Pills: Give two mornings and evening.

We apply Remedies to the head and other parts, some at first, * 1.38 others in the declination.

In a Defluxion or Gout, from Rhewm from the Head, after decent purging, we apply dryers and strengthners to the head out of the fit after the Defluxion, and in the fit, when we fear not the Return of the Defluxion; as we shewed in Diseases from Flegm.

As Lotions for the Head, of Sage, Marjoram, Bettony, Groundpine, Stoechas, Lavender, Rosemary, Agarick, and the like boyled in Lye of Vine ashes, with other drying things proper for the Head.

After washing, that it may not raise a Defluxion pre∣sently, dry the Head with a fumed Cloath, with Amber, Mastick, or Sandarach, and then comb it well.

Also Pouders in Caps are good, or for the Hair, made of Head-herbs, and dryers; as Nigella, Mastick.

We apply to the parts receiving the Defluxion to pre∣vent it, things to strengthen, and to consume the residue, and to confirm the Cure.

The Hand or Foot is to be often washed with a Lye of steeled water, and ashes of Beech, Oak, Juniper, Vine, Horse bones, and Dears bones, and the like, Rosemary, Bayes, Hermodacts.

To this Lixivium we add Wine, or Urin, or Salt, or Allum, to make it stronger, sometimes Tartar, and Brim∣stone.

Salt-water whether natural or artificial, doth the same thing, alone, or poured through ashes, to which Myrth added, makes a good Fomentation.

Or the decoction of Juniper, or Salt, or of Rapes, or a Fox inbowel'd.

Or thus, when there is a loose Tumor in the declinati∣on of a Disease. Take Roots of Dwarse-elder a pound, Groundpine a handful, red Roses, Chamomil, and Melilot flo∣wers, each a pugil; Pomegranate flowers, and Myrtle seeds, each a dram; Earth worms many, boyl them in four parts of Lixivium, two parts of Wine, and one of Water.

Or this: Take Dwarse-elder roots, and Hemp two ounces, Sage, Wormwood, Bayes, Organ, Penny royal, Calamints, Mints, Thyme, Groundpine, Bettony, Hysop, Plantane three handfuls, Moulin, Rosemary flowers, and red Roses three pu∣gils, Juniper and Bay-berries a pugil, Myrtle berries half an ounce, Cypress nuts an ounce, Pomegranate peels and flowers half an ounce; make a Decoction in Water, and the fourth part Wine, add Salt an ounce, Allum half an ounce, wash therein to astringe more, add Galls, Acacia, Hypocistis an ounce, and for the poor, Stones, Pears, Services, Medlars.

Oyntments to strengthen the weak loose parts, are. Oyl of Grape stones, with Oyl of Salt, and Oyl of Hazle-nuts, Cherries, de Been, Citrinum Oyntment, and that of O∣range flowers.

A strengthening Oyntment. Take Oyl of Myrtles two ounces, Salt two drams, Myrrh a dram.

It is said that the ashes of a Kites head or bones, with Oyl, is proper.

Another: Take Oyl of Worms, and Froggs, each an ounce and an half; Oyl of Roses, and Goose grease dropt in∣to Vinegar each an ounce; Acacia, and Pomegranate flowers, each a dram, Cow dung dryed two drams, Salt a dram, burnt Allum half a dram, with Wax make an Oyntment.

Or this: Take Bramble tops, Sumach, and Housleek, boyl them in red Wine, add of Barley flower not ripe and parched, called Alphitum as much, with the sixth part of Pouder of Pomegranate peels make a Cataplasm.

This is an excellent Remedy to strengthen and ease pain in the Gout. Take an old Boar Cat that is fat and black if it may be had, gut him, and flea him, cut off his Head and Feet, and put him into the paste following. Take Goose grease, that is the dripping of a Goose, which fell when it is roasted into a Dripping-pan half ful of Wine and Vine∣gar four ounces or six, Pitch, Turpentine two ounces, Badgers grease, Dears sue••, each two ounces; Virgins wax four ounces,

Oyntment of Agrippa an ounce, Frankincense, and Mastick, each half an ounce; make a Paste, stuff the Cat therewith, and roast it, keep the dripping for an Oyntment.

It is good to strengthen weak Hands and Feet, to put them into the Wine-press, where there are black Grapes.

They say Sextus Pompeius was cured with Sweating in a Heap of warm Wheat.

Also Baths of Sulphur, Salt, or Niter, both sweat and strengthen. And bucketing of the Head therewith, as the Custom is, cureth the Disease at the Fountain. And the Mud or bottom of such Waters, applied to the parts strengthneth.

Or artificial Baths of strengthening Herbs mentioned, and the skin of a Dog are proper.

In the time of using all these, least the humors be stirr'd up by heat and moisture, and sent to the part which is weak, and apt to receive them, use the defensive Plaisters mentioned.

For Cure, at the first grudging, apply outwardly things to stay the Flux. In the Arthritis, especially apply them to the Joynt within, and bind them if you can, and rowle them.

Make them of Bole, the white of an Eg, and Vinegar, and apply it with Cotton or Linnen.

Or, Take Bole two ounces, Dragons blood half an ounce, Snakeweed roots, Acorn cupps, each a dram and an half; pou∣der them, and with Vinegar, and whites of Eggs, apply them, you may add Pomegranate flowers, Spunge, Roses, Grape∣seeds, and the like.

Or make it of Litharge, Bole, Vinegar, whites of Eggs, and Mucilage of Fleabane seed.

Add a little Oyl to keep it from drying too soon.

Or, Take Pulp of green Pears, Quinces, Services, Cornil∣berries, Medlars, Dates, Olives, boyl them in red Vinegar, with Crumbs of Bread, and make a Cataplasm.

Or use the Plaisters against Rhewms in the Eyes, men∣tioned in Ophthalmy.

Bind the part affected very hard: and the Thighs that the Humor fall not down.

Upon the part also lay (according to the time of the Disease, as it is in the beginning or progress, or as the Flux is flowing or flowed to the part) Repellers, or Anodynes, or Narcoticks, or Dissolvers.

At the first while the Cause floweth, use astringents and repellers, that bind and are cold, when it comes from blood, and there is Heat in the part. But in the Sciati∣ca and other fleshy parts, where the humor lyeth deep, they profit little. These we use with anodynes somtimes and gentle dissolvers; Thus,

Hippocrates bids us use cold Water to repel and cool, or Snow, or cold Vinegar, applied with a Clout often.

Or three parts Water, and one Vinegar, or red Wine two parts, with Bran, and Lineseed boyled therein, or Lu∣pins, when the disease is in the increase.

Or boyl Vinegar and Water in the same proportion, with Wheat, or Barley-meal, and Lineseed, to a Cata∣plasm.

Or use Plantane, Lysimachia, Housleek, Violets, Pur∣slane, Endive, Solomons-seal, Fleabane, Nightshade, Pel∣litory, and Poplar leaves, of Gourds, Water-lillies, Lens palustris, or wild Lentils, with Oyl of Grease, first incor∣porated with Meals and Vinegar.

Or Coleworts, with Fleabane seed, or Foenugreek, and Vinegar, or roasted Quinces, and Barley meal.

Or Plantane leaves bruised with Barley meal, and Crumbs of bread, and Oyl of Roses.

Or boyl Bran and Barley meal in steeled Water, with Roses, add Oyl of Roses, and at first Vinegar, and in the increase, Flowers or Oyl of Chamomil.

Or mix the Juvces of the Herbs with barley flower, Oyl of Roses or Violets, with the Yolk of an Eg, and Turpentine and Vinegar.

Or thus; Take Oyl of Roses four ounces, Juyce of Lettice, or the like, two ounces, Vinegar an ounce, with two Yolks of Eggs, and Barley-meal, make a Paste.

Or, Take Oyl of Roses, and Vinegar, each two ounces; Bole two drams, red Sanders a dram.

Or a little Ceruss, with Waters, or Juyces, and Vine∣gar, or Oyl of Roses, or Violets, with distilled Waters.

Or the Decoction of the Herbs mentioned, with Vine∣gar, for an Epithem.

Or use Galens cool Oyntment, the Countesses, or Oyntment of Poplar. These are also good when there is a hot Defluxion upon the Loyns.

Or a great pain, use Anodynes, such as by gentle heat, do rarifie and cherish, mixt with Repellers in the begin∣ning, while the Humor flows; and after, when the Mat∣ter is flowed or fallen; things that dissolve more: Thus,

Pour warm Milk thereon, or apply it with a Clout. And at first quench Steel in it, and to allay pain, boyl in it Foenugreek, or Lineseed, Hermodacts, or the like.

Or add an ounce of Sulphur, or Litharge, to a pint of Milk, it will discuss what is gathered to the part.

Or, Take an Eg, and beat it with Oyl of Roses, or Cha∣momil, and Crumbs of Bread, and apply it with a little Saffron.

Or hard Eggs beaten with the fourth part of Myrrh, and Chamomil flowers, and Saffron.

Or foment with Oyl of Roses and Wool, or of Violets, in which Earth-worms are boyled, and after in the pro∣gress, with Oyl of Chamomil, and Foxes, Oyl of Eggs al∣layes pain.

Or, Take Lineseed oyl, Oyl of Earth-worms, and Elder, each half an ounce; Saffron three grains, Camphire two grains, anoint the part, and roule it up with a Rouler dipt in Boys urin,

Or make a Pultis of sweet Apples boyled, and Oyl of Roses, or Froggs, or Chamomil.

Or apply Cassia, with Barley-meal, and Fleabane seed, with Oyls of Roses, or Chamomil, Rose, Nightshade, or Plantane-water.

Or steep or boyl brown Bread Crumbs in Milk, and add to a pint three Yolks of Eggs, and six ounces of Oyl of Roses, or Chamomil. When you will cool and repel, leave out the Oyls, and add Juyce of Nightshade, Plan∣tane four ounces, Vinegar two ounces, or boyl the Herbs first in Milk.

Or use Fleabane, and Lineseed bruised and boyled in Water to a Slime, with Water of Roses, Nightshade, and Housleek, and an Egg, while it is hot, add Mucilage of Lineseed, Wax, Oyl of Roses, or Chamomil, and Vine∣gar.

Or apply Foenugreek bruised and boyled in Oxymel, or Vinegar, and Honey, or with Juyce of Coleworts, and the fourth parts Vinegar, or boyled in Wine, with the Pouder of Chamomil, and Melilot flowers, and Hermo∣dacts, adding Turpentine, Oyls, and Mucilages.

Or add to the aforesaid, Bean, Lentils, or Barley flo∣wer, Oyl of Roses, and Juyces of Herbs mentioned.

Or thus: Take Bean and Faenugreek-meal, each an ounce; Barley and Lineseed, each an ounce; Marsh-mallow roots, Chamomil and Melilot flowers, each half an ounce; Cummin∣seed three drams, boyl them in Wine, Vinegar, and Honey e∣qual parts, add Hens grease two ounces, Oyl of Dill an ounce; make a Cataplasm.

Or, Take Althaea roots two ounces, Turnips four ounces, Mallows, Coleworts, Henbane, each a handful; Pompion two ounces, Flowers of Violets, Chamomil, Melilot, and Mou∣lin, each a pugil, boyl them in Water and Wine, add Flea∣bane, Foenugreek, and Lineseed four ounces, Yolks of Eggs four, Hoggs grease three ounces, Oyl of Dill and Froggs, each two ounces; make a Cataplasm.

Narcoticks stupifie the part, and take away pain, and by their heat (as I proved) dissolve the humor, and are not dangerous. Alone, or with Anodynes, and other re∣solvers: Thus,

The green Leaves of Henbane, Mandrakes, and Pop∣pies bruised or boyled, or Oyls thereof, or their juyces, with Rose and Water-lilly water to foment.

Or Mandrake Roots, and Henbane seed mixed with Bran, or Oyl for a Cataplasm, or with Grease for an Oyntment.

Or thus: Take Henbane leaves two handfuls, Night∣shade, Housleek, each an handful; Poppy tops a pugil, Man∣drake roots an ounce, Chamomil flowers and Violets, each a pugil; Fleabane seed half an ounce, Henbane seed two drams, boyl them in Milk and Water, and foment, stamp the resi∣dents, with Lineseed an ounce an half, Barley-meal two oun∣ces, Duck and Hens grease, and Oyl of Chamomil, each an ounce; make a Cataplasm.

Another excellent against pain in the Foot-gout. Take dryed Elder flowers a handful, Leaves of Henbane wrapt in Coleworts and baked, four ounces, bruise and boyl them in Goats milk, or to a Pultis, ad Saffron a scruple, Yolks of Eggs two or three: make a Cataplasm.

Or use Opium and Saffron, with Milk, two ounces of Milk to half a dram of Opium, or two drams with the Plaister of Bread, or the like. Or with Oyntments, but it is of les∣ser force. With Fats, it is best a dram of Opium, with four ounces of Aqua vitae, a little Saffron, and a scruple of Cam∣phire, and safe.

Or apply Mithridate or Treacle, or Philonium.

Or the Skin of a Torpedo, or the Oyl of it causeth Stu∣pefaction.

Use Resolvers to consume the Humor in the progress, when the Defluxion is stopped: Such as are gently hot, and rarefying, and discuss the Matter, if it be Blood, and hotter if it be Water to consume it, that it turn not to Nodes. And if it be deep, as in the Hip, use stronger Drawers and Consumers, adding things proper for the Joynts, Membranes, and Nerves, and that are approved. These are as follow, and are proper for other Deflu∣xions.

As Oyl of Moulin flowers, mixed with Wine, and made in the Sun.

Or of Elder, or Dwarse-elder Flowers, or the Juyce or Oyl of Dwarfe-elder seeds thus made. Beat them being clensed to a paste, boyl it in Water, and take of the skum, put it in a long Glass, and set it three dayes in the Sun, till the Oyl which is green be at the bottom. Also that of the Seeds strained is good, or of Raddish seed, Indian roots, Nuts, and Acorns.

Or Oyl of Cyprian, Ligusticum, or Privet, or of Al∣kanna, or of wild Cowcumbers, in which Flammula was boyled.

Or Oyl of Froggs, and Worms, and Foxes; or Oyl in which a Weezle hath been boyled, or a young Stork, or Swan, or the Livers of the fish Galeus, or Sows or Hog∣lice, called Aselli or Millepedes.

Or Oyl of Mans bones; or Horse-jawes, when they are beaten, and burnt, and mixed with Oyl, and then an Oyl drawn by a retort, or the like. Some commend the Oyl of Deers blood.

And other hot Oyls mixed with them, as Oyl of Bays, Costus, Elder, Nard, Rue, Orris, Wall-flowers, Lillies, St. Johns-wort, Euphorbium, Castor, Bricks, Turpentine, Petroleum. Some add distilled Oyls to them, as of Spike, Juniper-berries a dram, to an ounce of the other. Oyl of Guaicum, and Sulphur, and Tartar, are also good. The Chymists use Oyl of Salt, made with red hot Bricks, and Oyl of Danwort berries. Others boyl Salt in Oyl, and anoint.

Or an Oyl made of the Marrow of Veal bone, and as much old Oyl, and Oyl of Worms, Groundpine, and Saf∣fron gently boyled.

Another: Take Sallat-oyl, and of Bayes, and Turpen∣tine, each equal parts; add Mastick, Myrrh, Frankincense, one part, draw an Oyl.

Or thus: Take Oyl of Turpentine a pound, Sage an hand∣ful, boyl them in Balneo, take out the Sage, when it is cold, and add new three or four times, and add at last pou∣der of Sage, Opopanax, and Ammoniacum, each four ounces; boyl and preserve it.

After you have anointed the Part therewith, lay on a Plaister of Tachamhaca.

An excellent Oyl against Sciatica. Take Oyl of Nuts six ounces, wild Cowcumbers, Flammula, or Iberis, or Sowbread roots bruised, or three ounces of the Juyces sliced, Earth-worms twenty, Sagapenum, Ammoniacum dissolved an ounce, Sack two ounces, Aqua vitae an ounce, boyl them till the Juyces be consumed, and strain it.

Or, Take Pellitory roots, and white Hellebore, each half an ounce; Hermodacts, Turbith Rue, Wormwood, each two drams; Coloquintida, and Euphorbium, each a dram; Salt a dram and half, infuse them in old Oyl, and add Wine, and Aqua vitae an ounce, set it in the Sun, and boyl it.

Or use Mathiolus his Balsom.

Unguents, as of Greases of Men, Goats, Sheep, Hogs, Calves, Geese, Hens, Ducks, Foxes, Bears, Cats, Ser∣pents; also Oesypus, or Grease of Wool, and Marrows of Horses, Dear, Calves with Wine, and Aqua vitae, are also good.

Prepare Goose grease thus, and it is excellent. Gut a Goose, and fil her with flesh of a Fox or a Cat, and Ground∣pine, Sage, Rosemary, Marjoram, Bettony roasted, re∣ceive the dripping into Water and Vinegar, or stuff a fat Goose with Pitch, and the dripping is rate against the Sci∣atica.

Another, take Dears suet, and Ox marrow, and add as much Aqua vitae, set it in a glass, in a Horse dung till fif∣teen dayes.

Or dissolve Sagapenum and Galbanum in Oyl.

Or thus: Take Juyce of Dwarfe-elder, Oyl of Rue, each two ounces, Gum Ammoniack dissolved in Aqua vitae hal, an ounce; Mastick, Frankincense, each a dram; Castor hal dram, with Turpentine make an Oyntment.

Or, Take Juyce of Danewort, and old Oyl, each an ounce; boyl them, add Mummy half an ounce, Camphire a dram.

Or thus: Take Oyl of Roses, Lineseed, Lillies, Chamomil, each an ounce; Juyce of Smallage an ounce an half, Mucilage of Lineseed, and Goats grease, each an ounce; boyl them, and with Wax, and a little Saffron make a Liniment.

Or use the four hot Oyntments, of which Dialthaea is the mildest, Martiatum, Agrippa, and Aregon are stron∣gest. Or use those proper for the Joynts, as Ebulinum, Di∣vinum, Nervinum, Vigonis.

Or these: Take Roots of Orris and Birthwort, each three drams; Pellitory, Turbith, Hermodacts, each two drams; Bay-berries a dram and half, Coloquintida a dram, Pepper, Nutmeg, each half a dram; Saffron a scruple, Storax half a dram, Frankincense two drams, Bdellium a dram, Euphorbi∣um and Castor, each half a dram, pouder them, and add Oyl of Bayes, and Goose grease, and an ounce of Turpentine, Oyl of Spike half a dram, and Cow dung; make a Paste.

Another against the Stiatica. Take Oyl of Lillies two ounces an half, Wall flowers, Worms, Fox grease or Goose, each an ounce an half; Juyce of Elicampane three ounces, Gum Ammoniack dissolved in Aqua vitae an ounce, Sowbread roots a dram and half, Pellitory, Orris, Mustard seed, each a dram; Hermodacts, Castor, Euphorbium, each half a dram; with Turpentine make a thick Oyntment.

Or this Plaster: Take roots of Elicampane, Costus, Orris, each half an ounce; Sowbread and Cookowpints, of each two drams; Hermodacts, Piony and Misletoe of the Oak, each a dram; Mustard, Rocket and Rue seed, each a dram and an half; Cummin seed and Bay-berries, each a dram; Pepper, Mace and Cloves, of each half a dram; Saffron a scruple, Myrrh, Frankincense, Storax, each a dram; Niter and Vi∣triol, each a dram and an half; Euphorbium, Castor, each half a dram: make a pouder, add Ammoniacum an ounce, Bdellium, Galbanum, Opopanax, Sagaponum, each an ounce; dissolved in Vinegar and Aqua vitae, add Storax liquid a dram, Labdanum, Laserpitium, each a dram and an half; with Oyl of Lillies and of Rue, Turpentine, pitch, Rosin and wax, make a plaster and wrap it in a sheeps Skin.

Another: Take black pure and shining pitch, Rosin, each half a pound; Sheeps sewet, Goose grease, each four ounces;

Olibanum half a pound, add to it cold Cummin seed two oun∣ces, Pepper half an ounce, Oyl of Spike half a dram, make a plaster.

Or: Take the Marrow of Veal, Oyl of Roses, of each two ounces, burnt Salt a dram and an half, anoynt the feet, add dryed Ox lungs two drams, and it will be better.

Or thus: Take Oyl of Nuts, Goose and Fox grease and Calves marrow, of each two ounces; Frogs ten, Earthworms washed in wine two ounces, Hog lice thirty, Salt half an ounce, Sack three ounces, juyce of Danewort, Elder, Ivy or Ground∣pine two ounces; boyl them, and add Turpentine and Wax, for an Oyntment.

Or use, Diachylon, to a pound add Sulphure an ounce, Chalcitis half an ounce.

Or this: Take old Oyl a pint, Litharge three ounces, Brimstone a dram, Chalcitis half an ounce, boyl them, and add Mucilage of Linseed and Hogs grease, each two ounces; make plaister, or Oyntments.

Or use Apostolor.

Or: Take Oyl of Bayes two ounces, of Worms and Bricks, each an ounce; Soape an ounce and an half, Calves marrow an ounce, Turpentine half an ounce, Ammoniacum, Opo∣panax, Galbanum, all dissolved in Vinegar, each a dram and an half; Myrrh, Frankincense, Mastick, of each a dram; Birthwort roots half a dram, Litharge, Sulphure, each a dram; Verdigreese and burnt Salt, of each half a dram; with Wax: make an Oyntment.

Or thus: Take Oyl of privet, Elder or Dane wort two ounces, Oyl of Turpentine and Ox grease, each an ounce; Glew dissolved in Wine, an ounce, Frankincense a dram, Niter and Lime, each half a dram; some add the stone Asius.

Or use plaster of Frogs by Vigo: in strong Defluxions and Sciatica pains, with more Quick-silver and Euphor∣bium; of which we shal speak in the French pox.

For the Sciatita wash with Sage, Lavender, Balm water, and the like, with as much Aqua vitae.

Or dissolve black Sope in Aqua vitae and anoynt: it is a good remedy in all cold Defluxions.

Or boyl urin of a boy till it be as thick as Honey. Or anoynt with Womens terms, as Dioscorides prescribes.

Or with Ashes of a Weezle, Beans, Cole-worts, with Vinegar or Grease.

Or with juyce of Nettles, Rue, Sage and Coloquintida or Indian Nuts.

Or use pouders of Snayles shels burnt, or of rust of Iron Jet, with juyces prescribed.

Or make remedies of other plants, as of Moulin, Net∣tles, Rue, Mugwort, Smallage, Sun-flower, Scordium, Wall-flowers, Mouse-ear, Comfrey, Moss, Sesami seeds and roots, Hemp, Birthwort, Dittany, wild Cowcumber, Daffodil with Honey and Vinegar, or boyled in water and wine, or their juyces with meal.

In the Sciatica bruised Iberis and warmed is good, or Cardamine, Water-cresses.

Or Elicampane bruised or boyled in wine.

Or wild masterwort, like Danewort, which is called Goutwort, for its vertue.

Dioscorides applies Balm and salt.

Or to the Sciatica, Sage, Rue, Juniper berries with wine and Boys urin.

Or Linseed and Chamomil flowers, boyl'd in a bagg in wine.

Or hot bread made of Secaly and Carway seeds.

Or Bran boyled with Sapa and Salt in the Knee Gout.

Or use Bean, Barley and Lentil meal boyled with Oxy∣mel.

Or Bran flower boyled in wine, adding Aqua vitae and Butter.

Or Raysons stoned, with Opopanax.

Or Sea moss, or Pulmo, or Fucus marinus green, or Androsace.

Or Agarick beaten with Goats Milk and Barley meal.

Or Dwarf-Elder, or Elder bruised, or fried in Butter, or Hogs grease with Plantane roots.

Or Rue and Bettony with Hogs grease and Salt.

Or Motherwort with grease and Vingar against a De∣fluxion.

Or Briony roots beaten with Aqua vitae and Hogs grease, or Briony and Cookowpints, or Dragons, or Fig leaves with Cowdung and Honey.

Or: Take Nettles bruised a pound, Oyl of Bayes two ounces, Petroleum half an ounce.

Or Coleworts bruised with Marjoram and Bdellium, dissolved in Aqua vitae, or Vinegar and Coloquin∣tida.

Or: Take Turneps roasted a little, and then boyled a pound, Fenugreek meal two ounces, juyce of Dane-wort two ounces with Honey.

Or Pouder of hermodacts Barley and two yolks of Egs, and Honey.

Or: Take Fenugreek and Lupine meal a pound, Pouder of Darnel, Althaea roots, Chamomil and Melilot flowers three ounces, Cummin seed an ounce, boyl them in Honey and Wine: make a pultis.

Or: Take roots of Althaea, Lillies, Briony, Dwarf-Elder each two ounces, Sage, Ground-pine, Wormwood, Marjoram, each a handful; Chamomi••, Melilot flowers and bran, each a pugil; boyl them in Ale, bruise and add Barley, Lime, and Fenugreek meal two ounces, Mastick an ounce, Oyl of Bricks three ounces, Saffron a scruple.

Or thus: Take dryed Penny-royal, Sage, Savin, Bay-berries, Hermodacts, of each a dram; Mastick half an ounce, Storax two drams, Turpentine three drams, with Honey, make a plaster.

Or: Take pouder of young Nettles a pound, of Sage half a pound, bay Salt a pound, pickled Hering-Rows half a pound, spirit of wine a pint with Benjamin three or four ounces dissolved therein, make a pultis and repeat it if it ease pain, if not, take four ounces of Rose water instead of spirit of wine, with an ounce of Fleabane seeds and with Aca∣cia and Oyntment of Litharge: make a Cataplasine.

Against the Sciatica: Take leaves of Iberis, Water-cresses, or Elicampane, each two handfuls; Calamints a handful, bruise them, or boyl them in wine, add Lupine meal three ounces, Honey two ounces, or Grease and Oyls, or Vingar, or Aqua vitae to make it peirce.

Or: Take roots of wild Cowcumbers and Bryony, Orris and Elicampane a pound, boyl them in wine and Honey, bruise and add Lupine meal two ouncer, Cummin-seed an ounce, Goats dung three ounees, make a pultis.

Another: Take roots of Althaea, Briony, wild Cowcumber, each two ounces; of Orris and Elicampane, each an ounce and an half; Pellitory, Hermodacts, each an ounce; Ibery, Le∣pidium, or Flammula, Calamints, Rue, Penny-royal, Time, Balm, each a handful; Sage, Rosemary, Staechas, Lavander, Chamomil flowers, of each a pugil; boyl them in wine add Honey, Faenugreek, Lupine four ounces, Bay-berries two oun∣ces, Rue seeds an ounce, Goose grease two ounces, Oyl of worms three ounces, Sulphure an ounce, make a Cataplasme.

Or thus: Take Orris, Pellitory roots, of each two drams; Dwarf-Elder and Dragons, each an ounce; Bay-berries an ounce, Cummin seed an ounce, Sulphure six drams, Niter two drams, make pouder, add Barley meal two ounces, with Vi∣negar, Honey and Turpentine: make a plaster.

Dioscorides commends Scammony boyled in Vinegar and mixed with Barley meal, against the Sciatica.

Or: Take Pitch two parts, Sulphure one part, pouder them and lay them upon a paper dipt in Aqua vita, lay it on after bathing especially, let it stick while it fal off of it self.

Or: Take Tar half a pound, white Hellebore and Sulphur vive, each an ounce and an half; Euphorbinm half an ounce, Aqua vitae an ounce, incorporate them with the Aqua vitae last, and stirring continually, apply it warm.

Or apply Frogs spawn, or boyl it in a covered Pipkin and apply the fat that swims.

Or apply Snailes, bruised with their shels.

Also put whol live Snails shels and all, into a strainer, a handful, and a handful of salt, and thereupon a handful of Danewort seeds, and then snailes again, and after that salt and seed, four or five laies on upon the other, and hang the strainer in a Cellar and take the Liquor that drops out which is glutinous, and put it in a glass to the sun for four dayes and then anoynt the part.

Or apply the flesh of Cray-fish, boyl'd and beaten with Briony roots, and Aqua vitae.

Or boyl beaten Harts horn, with white Wine, till it be thick, and apply it.

Or a pickled Herring.

Or Wolfes Flesh, or Veal half roasted.

Or the Skin of a Dog.

Or hot Cow dung, it will presently ease pain, to which add Oyl of Roses at the first, and in the declination, Oyl of Chamomil, or Honey.

If there be a Tumor. Take Cow dung a pound, Sapa an ounce, Bean and Foenugreek flower, each two ounces; Cum∣min an ounce, with Oxymel.

Or thus: Take Goats dung and Bean flower, each equal parts; make a Cataplasm, with Wine and Oyl, add Salt when the pain is abated.

Or white Dogs turd, and Pellitory boyled in strong Vi∣negar.

Also apply Stuphes, or Spunges, or Baths in the Sciati∣ca and Knee Gout and other Defluxions made of Calamus Elicampane roots centaury and to strengthen, of Cy∣pres Nuts, Calamints, Ground pine, Germander Wormwood, fouthern-wood, Bettony, Prim-rose, sage, Marjoram, Rose-mary, Pennyroyal, Mints, Chamomil, Melilot flowers and of Dill, Staechas, Lavender, boyled in water, adding wine, lie or urin. When you will dry more, add an ounce of Sulphure vive and of sal Niter, and sal Gem, each half an ounce.

Or with a Decoction of Turneps and Sowbread, Fo∣ment.

Or with distill'd water of Moulin and red wine, or Ox Galls, or Soap distil'd.

Or: Take Sage, Rue, Groundpine, Wormwood, and others mentioned in Sciatica for Fomentations, four handfuls; Sulphure, Salt, each two drams; Wine two measures, distill a Water and Foment.

Another: Take green and white Vitriol, each an ounce; Camphire two drams, Aqua vitae and white wine, each a pint; Foment with clouts dipt therein.

Or with Salt and Vinegar, Sulphure and Vinegar, wa∣ter and Niter.

Or quench Lime in urin and soment, or in Vinegar.

Or: Take Lime and sulphure, each three ounces; and with Oyl made of Bole and wild Cowbumbers, make an Oynt∣ment, use it hot.

Or hath the feet in a Lie made of Hemp.

Or make bags of the dry Herbs mentioned.

Or of Milium and Bran and salt and Chamomil flo∣wers.

Or rowl the Knee with scarlet spread with salt.

Fumes are good also again the Defluxion and pain and to strengthen, out of the fit, and to dry up the humor, especially in the declination.

Made of a Decoction of proper Plants, as of white Dittany, Pennyroyal, Wormwood, Rosemary, staechas, Chammomil flowers: boyled in Water, Wine or Lie. In the Sciatica, put green Sage in a hollow Tile red hot and stir it that it burne not, and sprinkle it with Vinegar and and apply the Tile, so that the vapor may come to the Hip.

Or use these drying Fumes with Cotten wooll or clouts as of Mastick, Frankincense, Myrrh and Amber, Labda∣num, Benjamin, Storax, Gallia, and dryed Herbs, as Rosemary, and the like, with two ounces of Cinnabar, and half a dram of Orpiment, made into Troches, with Turpen∣••ne, in the Sciatica.

If the fourth sort of French Pox, * 1.39 which is with pain about the bones, come from an evil quality, because the Cure is as the other by divers great evacuations and alter∣ations, as in the Pox with Ulcers, and the like, there∣fore we shall refer the Cure of it thither.

If there be pains about the bones, * 1.40 from an evil quality, or external Head-ach as in the Pox, you must cure it as an old Head-ach, and if that will not do, use stronge Evacuations and Topicks, as in the French Pox, as those of Quick-silver, which cure this malignant pain, when all things fail.

If the humor falling down and causing Arthritis hath perversity in it, * 1.41 it will not be cured, but with strong things and topicks, that have Quick-silver, as Emplaister of Vigo.

As for the malignity, * 1.42 which de∣praveth the sense of feeling, in regard it is in the humor that is fallen down, such as causeth numness and palsie, it must be cured as they are, with strong means. And therefore we shall not here lay down any new Method of curing the same.

Notes

• * 1.1

  Of Pains in the Habit of the Body which have pre∣vailing accidents that are greater then themselves.
• * 1.2

  Of painsin the Habit of the Body which are greater then their acci∣dents.
• * 1.3

  Of Pains in fleshy Parts.
• * 1.4

  Of Defluxions or Distillations in the Habit of the Body.
• * 1.5

  Pains in the Joynts, Ar∣thritis, or Joynt-gout.
• * 1.6

  The Sciatica, or Hip-gout.
• * 1.7

  Pain of the Homoplate, Podagra, Go∣nagra, Chira∣gra.
• * 1.8

  Pains about the Bones.
• * 1.9

  An external Cephalaea.
• * 1.10

  Clavus.
• * 1.11

  Outward Heavi∣ness of the Head.
• * 1.12

  The French Pox or Neopolitane.
• * 1.13

  The contagious French Pox.
• * 1.14

  Distention or Stretching, is the cause of pain, where o∣ther Symptoms are greater.
• * 1.15

  A Compression is the Cause of pain in which the Symptomes are greater.
• * 1.16

  Rupture is the cause of pain in the Her∣nia.
• * 1.17

  Distemper cau∣seth pain, with other Symptoms joyned.
• * 1.18

  Congestion of Hu∣mors causeth an ex∣ternal Head-ach.
• * 1.19

  Congestion of Hu∣mors, causeth out∣ward Heaviness. Congestion of Hu∣mors causeth the Joynt-gout.
• * 1.20

  A Defluxion of Humors, causeth the Joynt-gout and other pains.
• * 1.21

  An evil qua∣lity causeth the French Pox.
• * 1.22

  An evil ma∣lignant quality causeth external malignant Head ach.
• * 1.23

  A malignant Quality causeth a malignant gout.
• * 1.24

  A malignant quality is the cause of the run∣ing pain in the Cramp.
• * 1.25

  A malignant quality is the cause of pain in depraved Touching.
• * 1.26

  The Cure of pains in the Habit of the Body, when o∣ther accidents are greater.
• * 1.27

  The Cure of Head∣ach from Humors,
• * 1.28

  The Cure of Pains in the Habit of the Body which are greater then the accidents.
• * 1.29

  The Cure of Arthri∣tis from Congestion of Humors.
• * 1.30

  The Cure of external heaviness of the Head from congestion of hu∣mors.
• * 1.31

  The Cure of Pain in the Habit of the Body from wind.
• * 1.32

  Prognosticks in Defluxions in general, and in the Gout.
• * 1.33

  The preventing and curing of Defluxions, and Arthritis, and its Kinds.
• * 1.34

  A Diet to cure the Arthritis, and Defluxions.
• * 1.35

  The Cure of pre∣vention of De∣fluxions, and ar∣thritis by Eva∣cuations.
• * 1.36

  The preventing and curing of de∣fluxions, & Gouts by cutting and burning.
• * 1.37

  The preventing and the Cure of the Gout, and Defluxion, by things taken in.
• * 1.38

  The outward cure of Deflu∣xions, & Gouts and Preventi∣on.
• * 1.39

  The Cure of the French Pox.
• * 1.40

  The Cure of an outward Head∣ach from a ma∣lignant quality.
• * 1.41

  The Cure of a sort of ma∣lignant joynt Gout.
• * 1.42

  The Cure of pain coming from malig∣nity when feeling is depraved.