The country-mans recreation, or The art of [brace] planting, graffing, and gardening, [brace] in three books. The first declaring divers waies of planting, and graffing, and the best times of the year, with divers commodities and secrets herein, how to set or plant with the root, and without the root; to sow or set pepins or curnels, with the ordering thereof, also to cleanse your grafts and cions, to help barren and sick trees, to kill worms and vermin, and to preserve and keep fruit; how to plant and proin your vines, and to gather and presse your grape; to cleanse and mosse your trees, to make your cider and perry, with many other secret practises which shall appear in the table following. The second treateth of the hop-garden, with necessary instructions for the making and maintenance thereof, ... with some directions for tabaco. Whereunto is added, The expert gardener, containing divers necessary and rare secrets belonging to that art, ... hereunto is likewise added the Art of angling.
- Title
- The country-mans recreation, or The art of [brace] planting, graffing, and gardening, [brace] in three books. The first declaring divers waies of planting, and graffing, and the best times of the year, with divers commodities and secrets herein, how to set or plant with the root, and without the root; to sow or set pepins or curnels, with the ordering thereof, also to cleanse your grafts and cions, to help barren and sick trees, to kill worms and vermin, and to preserve and keep fruit; how to plant and proin your vines, and to gather and presse your grape; to cleanse and mosse your trees, to make your cider and perry, with many other secret practises which shall appear in the table following. The second treateth of the hop-garden, with necessary instructions for the making and maintenance thereof, ... with some directions for tabaco. Whereunto is added, The expert gardener, containing divers necessary and rare secrets belonging to that art, ... hereunto is likewise added the Art of angling.
- Author
- Barker, Thomas, fl. 1651.
- Publication
- London, :: Printed by T. Mabb, for William Shears, and are to be sold at the signe of the Bible in St. Pauls Church-yard, near the little north door,
- 1654.
- Rights/Permissions
-
To the extent possible under law, the Text Creation Partnership has waived all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above, according to the terms of the CC0 1.0 Public Domain Dedication (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/). This waiver does not extend to any page images or other supplementary files associated with this work, which may be protected by copyright or other license restrictions. Please go to http://www.textcreationpartnership.org/ for more information.
- Subject terms
- Gardening -- England -- Early works to 1800.
- Planting (Plant culture) -- England -- Early works to 1800.
- Hops -- England -- Early works to 1800.
- Fishing -- Early works to 1800.
- Link to this Item
-
https://name.umdl.umich.edu/A74931.0001.001
- Cite this Item
-
"The country-mans recreation, or The art of [brace] planting, graffing, and gardening, [brace] in three books. The first declaring divers waies of planting, and graffing, and the best times of the year, with divers commodities and secrets herein, how to set or plant with the root, and without the root; to sow or set pepins or curnels, with the ordering thereof, also to cleanse your grafts and cions, to help barren and sick trees, to kill worms and vermin, and to preserve and keep fruit; how to plant and proin your vines, and to gather and presse your grape; to cleanse and mosse your trees, to make your cider and perry, with many other secret practises which shall appear in the table following. The second treateth of the hop-garden, with necessary instructions for the making and maintenance thereof, ... with some directions for tabaco. Whereunto is added, The expert gardener, containing divers necessary and rare secrets belonging to that art, ... hereunto is likewise added the Art of angling." In the digital collection Early English Books Online 2. https://name.umdl.umich.edu/A74931.0001.001. University of Michigan Library Digital Collections. Accessed May 18, 2024.
Contents
- title page
- An Exhortation to the Planter and Graffer.
- A Table of all the principall things contained in this Book.
-
THE COVNTRY-MANS Recreation, or the Art of Plan∣ting, Graffing, and Gardening.
-
CHAP. I.
This Chapter treateth of the setting of Curnels, young Plum-trees, And Pear-trees, of Damsons, and Service-trees. - Another way, how one may take the Pepins at the first comming of the licour or pressing.
- How one ought to use his earth to sow Pepins without dunging.
- How ye ought to take heed of Poultrey for scraping of your beddes or quarters.
- How to weed or cleanse your Beds and quarters.
- How one ought to pluck up the wilde Cions.
-
CHAP. II.
Treateth how one shall set again the small wilde Trees, which come of Pepins, when they be first pluckt up. - How to dung your Bastard or wilde young Trees which come of Pepins.
- How ye ought in replanting or setting to cut off in the middest, the principall great roots.
- How you ought to set your Trees in rank.
- How to make the space from one rank to another.
- How to water plants when they wax dry.
- How one ought to remove Trees, and to plant them again.
- When the best time is to replant, or remove.
- Of negligence and forgetfulnesse.
- It is not so convenient to Graffe the Service Tree as to set
- Some Trees without graffing bring forth good fruit, and some other being graffed be better to make Syder of.
- When you list to augment and multiply your Trees.
- Of the manner and changing of the fruit of the Pepin-tree.
- How one ought to make good Syder.
- To make an Orchard in few Years.
-
CHAP. III.
Is of setting Trees of Nutts. - How one ought to set Trees which come of Nutts.
- Of the time when yee ought to Plant or Set them.
- For to set them in the Spring time.
- Of the Dunging and deep digging thereof.
- Of Nuts and Stones, like to the Trees they came of
- Of Planting the said Nuts in good earth, and in the Sun.
- Why fruits shall not have so good savour.
- For to set the Pine Trees.
- For to set Cherry-Trees.
- Trees of bastard and wild Nuts.
- How to set Filberd or Hasel-trees.
- To set Damsons or Plum trees.
- To take Plum Graffes, and graffe them on other Plum-trees
- To set all sorts of Cherries.
- The manner how one may order both Plum-trees, and Cherrie-trees.
- How to graffe Plum-trees and Cherry-trees.
- How you must proine or cut your Tree.
- The convenientest way to clense and proin, or dresse the roots of Trees,
- When the Stocks are greater than the Graffs.
- The Remedy when ane Bough or Member of a Tree is broken.
- When a Member or Bough is broken how to proine them.
- How one ought to enlarge the hole about the Tree roots.
- How to set small Staves by, to strengthen your Cions.
- In taking up Trees, note.
- How to couch the Roots when they are not proyned.
- What Trees to proyne.
- Why the sowre Cherry dureth not so long as the Healmier or great Cherry.
- To graffe one great Cherry upon another.
- Of deep Setting or shallow.
-
CHAP. IV.
This Chapter doth shew how to set other Trees which come of wilde Cions, pricked in the earth without roots: and also of proining the meaner Cions. - Trees take root prickt of Branches.
- How one ought to set them.
- How to binde them that be weak.
- How one ought to digge the Earth to set them in.
- Of Cyons without Roots.
- To plant the Fig-tree.
- How to set Quinces.
- The way to set Mulberries.
- Note one of the same.
- The tyme to cut Cions.
- To set Bush-tees, or Gooseberries or small Raisins.
-
CHAP. V. IT is to be understood that there be many wayes of graf∣fings, whereof here I have onely put four sorts, which be good, both sure and well appoved, and easie to doe, which may very well be used in two parts of the yeare and more, for I have (saith he) graffed in our house, in e∣very moneth, except
October andNovember, and they have ta∣ken well, which I have (saith he) in the winter begun to graffe, and in the Summer graffed in the Scutchion or shield according to the time, forward or slow; for certaine Trees, specially young fair Cions have enough or more of their sap unto the middle ofAugust, than other some had atMidsum∣mer before.- The way to graffe all soris of Trees.
- How to graffe Apple-trees, Peare-trees, Quince-trees, and Medlar-trees.
- The Graffing of Cherryes.
- To graffe great Medlars.
- Of divers kinds of Graffes.
- Of graffing of the Figs.
- Of the great Apricock.
- Of the Service-trees.
- The setting of Service-Trees
- Trees which be very fit to be graffed in the Shield or Scutchion.
- How a man ought to consider those Trees, which be commonly charged with fruit.
- Of Trees whereon to choose your graffes.
- The Cions towards the East are best.
- To chuse your Trees for Graffes.
- How to keep Graffes a long time.
- How to keep Graffes before they are budded.
- How one ought to begin to Graffe.
- When it is good graffing the wild stock.
- Mark if the Tree be forward or not.
- When one will graffe what necessaries he ought to be furnished withall.
- Of Graffes not prospering the first year.
- For to graffe well and sound.
- How to trim your Graffes.
- How to cut graffes for Cherries and Plums.
- Note also.
- How in graffing to take heed that the Bark rise not.
- How to cut your Stock.
- If the wild Stock be great and slender.
- Trees as great as ones Arme.
- Great Trees as big as your Leg.
- When the Graffes be pinched with the Stock.
- How ye ought to cleave your Stock.
- How to graffe the branch of great Trees.
- How to cut Branches old and great.
- How ye ought to bind your Graffes throughout for fear of windss
- To set many graffes in one cleft.
- How to saw your stock before you leave him.
- If the Stock cleave too much, or the bark doe open.
- How Graffes never lightly take.
- How to set the Graffes right in the cleft.
- Of setting in the Graffes.
- Note also.
- How you ought to draw out your wedge.
- To cover your clefts on the head.
- How you ought to see to the binding of your Graffes.
- How ye ought to temper your clay.
- To bush your graffe heads.
- The second way to graffe high Branches on Trees.
- The manner of Graffing, is of Graffes which may be set between the Bark and the Tree
- How to dresse the head to place the Graffes betwixt the Bark and the Tree.
- How to cover the head of your stock.
- Of the manner and graffing in the Shield or Scutchion.
- For to graffe in Summer so long as the Trees be full leaved.
- The big Cions are best to graffe.
- How to take off the Shield from the wood.
- To know your Scutchion or Shield when he is good or bad.
- Of young Trees to graffe on.
- How to set or place your Shield.
- Note also.
- How to lift up the bark and to set your Shield on.
- How to bind your Shield.
- On one tree you may graffe, or put two or three Shields.
- The time to unbind your Shield.
- How to cut and govern the Branches graffed on the Tree.
-
CHAP. VI.
Of transplanting or altering of Trees. - The sooner ye transplant or set them, it shall be the better.
- To Plant or Set towards the South or Sunny place is best.
- How to cut the Branches of Trees before they be Set.
- Apple-trees commonly must be disbranched before they be replanted or set.
- All wild Stocks must be disbranched when they are replanted or set.
- What Trees love the faire Sun, what Trees the cold Ayre.
- Of many sorts and manner of Trees following their nature.
- How to place or set Trees at large.
- Ordering your Trees.
- How ye ought to enlarge the holes for the Trees when you plant them.
- Of Dung and good Earth for your Plants and Trees.
- If you have wormes amongst the earth of your roots.
- To dig well the Earth about the Trese Rootes.
- The nature of Places.
- Of good Earth.
- With what ye ought to bind your Trees.
-
CHAP. VII.
Of medicining and keeping the Trees when they are planted. - The first counsel is, when your Trees be but Plants, in dry weather they must be watered.
- With what Dung ye ought to dung your Trees.
- When ye ought to uncover your Trees in Summer.
- When ye ought to cut and proine your Trees
- How to cut your great Branches, and when.
- How ye ought to leave the great Branches cut.
- Of Trees having great Branches.
- Of barrennesse of Trees, the time of cutting all Bran∣ches and uncovering the Roots.
- Trees which ye must help or pluck up by the Roots.
- What doth make a good Nut.
- Trees eaten with beasts must be graffed again.
- How your wild Stocks ought not hastily to be removed.
- When ye cut off the naughty Cions from the Wood.
- How sometimes to cut the principal Members.
- How to guide and governe the said Trees.
- A kind of sicknesse in Trees.
- Trees which have wormes in the Barke.
- Snayles, Ants and Wormes do marre the Trees.
- How you ought to take the said Wormes.
- To keep Ants from young trees.
- A Note in Spring time of Fumigations.
- To defend from the Caterpiller.
-
CHAP. I.
-
Here followeth a little TREATISE How one may Graffe, Plant, and Garden, subtily or artificially, and to make many things in Gardens very strange.
- To graffe one Vine upon another.
- For to have Peaches two moneths before others
-
To have Damsons or Plums unto Alhallontide. - To make Medlars, Cherries, and Peaches in eating to tast like Spices.
- To make a Muscadel tast.
- To set Apples and Peares to come without blossoming.
- To have Apples and Chesnuts rath, and also long on Trees.
-
To have good Cherries on the Trees at Alhallontide. -
To have rath Medlars two moneths before other
- For to have rath or timely Peares.
- To have Mispels or Medlars without Stones.
- To have Peares betimes.
- To have ripe or frank Mulberries very soon and late.
- To keepe Peares a year.
- To have your fruit tast half Apples, half Peares.
- Times of Graffing.
- To graffe the Quine Apple.
- To destroy Pismires or Ants about a Tree.
- Another for the same.
- To have Nuts, Plums and Almonds greater than other
- To make an Oake or other Tree as green in Winter, as in Summer.
- The time of Planting with Roots and without Roots.
- To keep fruit from the Frost.
- The dayes to plant and graffe.
- To have green Roses all the year.
- To keep Raisons or Grapes good a year.
- To make fruit laxative from the Tree.
- A Note for all grafters and Planters.
-
part
- To graffe one Vine upon another.
- Chosen dayes to graffe in, and choose your Cions.
- To gather your Cions.
- Of Worms in Trees or Fruit
- The setting of Stones and ordering of them.
- Togather Gumme of any Tree.
- To set a whole Apple.
- Of setting the Almond.
- Of Pepins watered.
- To plant or set Vines.
- To set or plant the Cherry.
- To keep Cherries good a year.
- Against Pismires.
- The setting of Chesnuts.
- To have all stone fruit taste, as ye shall think good.
- Of graffing the Medlar and Misple.
- Of the Fig-tree.
- Of the Mulberry-tree.
- Of trees that bear bitter fruit.
- To help barren Trees.
- Another way.
- To keep your fruit.
- The Mulberry-tree.
- Of Mosse of the Tree.
- To keep nuts long.
- To cut the Peach-tree.
- To colour Peach-stones
- If Peach-tree be troubled with Worms.
- To have the Peach without stones.
- Another way for the same.
- If Trees do not prosper.
-
How to graffe Apples to last on the tree till Alhallontide. - Many Apricot trees of one.
- To graffe an Apple which shall be half sweet, and half sower.
- To graffe a Rose on the Holly.
- Of keeping of Plummes
- Of altering of Pears and stony fruit.
- The making of Syder and Perry.
- To help frozen Apples.
- To make Apples fall from the Tree
- To water Trees in Summer, if they wax dry about the root.
- To cherish Apple-Trees.
- To make an Apple grow in a Glasse.
- To graffe many sorts of Apples on one Tree.
- To colour Apples.
- The setting of Vine Plants.
- How to proin or cut a Vine in Winter.
- Of the Vine and Grape.
- To have Grapes without stones.
- To make your Vine to bring a Grape to taste like Claret.
- Of gathering your Grapes.
- To know if your Grape be ripe enough.
- To prove or taste Wine.
- Here followeth the best times how to order, choose, and to Set or Plant Hops.
- To choose your Hop.
- To sow the Seeds.
- The setting your Poles.
- How to proyn the Hop-tree.
- To gather the Hop.
- What Poles are best.
- How to order and dresse your Hills.
- Of Ground best for your Hop.
- A note of the rest abovesaid.
- How to pack your Hops.
- title page
-
A PERFECT PLAT∣FORM OF A HOP Garden.
-
part
- Of apt and unapt Ground for Hops.
- Of the scituation.
- Of the quantity.
- A proportion of the charge and benefit of a Hop-garden.
- Of the Preparation of a Hop-Garden.
- The time to cut, and set Hop-roots.
- Rules for the choice and preparation of roots.
- Of the Hoppe.
- Of unkindly Hopps.
- Of the wild Hop.
- Of setting of Hop-roots.
- The distance of the Hils.
- A description of the Line.
- Abuses and disorders in setting,
- Provision against annoyance, and spoile of your Garden.
- Of Poles.
- Of the erection of Poles.
- Of Ramming of Poles.
- Of Reparation of Poles.
- Of pulling up Poles.
- The way to make the Instrument wherewith to pull up the Hop-poles.
- The manner of pulling up the Hop-poles.
- Of the preservation of Poles.
- Of tying Hops to the Poles.
- Of Hilling and Hills.
- Abuses in Hilling
- Of the gathering of Hops.
- What there is to be done in Winter herein.
- When and where to lay dung
- The order for reforming your ground.
- The order of cutting Hop roots.
- Of divers mens follies.
- Of disorder, and maintainers thereof.
- Of an Oste.
- Of the severall rooms for an Oste.
- Of the Furnace or Keel.
- Of the bed or upper floor of the Oste, whereon the Hope must be dried.
- The orderly drying of Hope.
- Other wayes of drying not so good.
- The very worst way of drying Hops.
- Of not Drying.
- Of the packing of Hops.
- The reformation of a Garden of wild-Hops.
- The reformation of a disordered Garden.
- Needlesse curiosities used by the unskilfull.
- subpart
-
Here follow certaine directions for the Sowing, Planting and Transplanting of TABACO.
- The nature of the Soyle that is required for the Sowing, Planting or Transplanting Tabaco.
- The best way of sowing your Seeds
- The time of Sowing or Planting.
- Of ordering your ground after Sowing your Seed,
- The manner of transplanting Tabaco.
- The time of gathering it for your use.
- The time of flowring and seeding.
- Of the Roots and Leaves.
-
To preserve the Plant or Roote from dying
n the Winter.
-
part
- title page
-
Certaine common Instructions how the Stumpe must be chosen whereupon you will graffe or plant.
- Every Plant will have foure things.
- At what time trees ought to be planted and set.
- How the stumps and plants must be prepared and dressed, which you will plant.
- Here follow certaine instructions how the trees must be kept, and how you must labour them.
- How to keep plants, stumps, or trees, from the wild beasts, that they hurt them not.
- That the Deeres spoile them not.
- That the Hares doe not hurt them.
- Here follow some instructions of graffing.
- Divers fashions and waies of graffing there be.
- Another way of grafting is, when the stumps are clo∣ven, and the sprouts afterwards are put in, the which doe as followeth.
- Otherwise.
- The third way of grafting.
- The fourth way of grafting is,
- The fifth way.
- The sixth Way.
- The seventh.
- The eighth Way.
- How Cherries are to be graffed, that they may come without stones.
- How a Vine is to be planted upon a Cherry tree.
- How a grape of a Vine may be brought into a glasse.
- To graffe Medlers on a Peare tree.
- How apples or other fruit may be made red.
- Otherwise.
- Of the Quince tree.
- Otherwise.
- How to make that Quinces become great.
- The conclusion of graffing.
- What joy and fruit commeth of trees.
- How sowre fruits be made sweet.
- How trees ought to be kept when they wax old.
- How trees must be kept from divers sicknesses, and first how to keep them from the Canker.
- Against worms which must be driven out of the tree.
- How the wormes are to be killed, if they be al∣ready grown into the tree.
- Otherwise.
- Otherwise.
- A remedy against Caterpillers.
- Against the Pismires or Ants, when they will hurt the young trees.
- How to keep the Pismires from the trees.
- Another Instruction.
- In what time of the harvest the fruit must be gathered.
- A short Instruction very profitable and necessary for all those that delight in Gardening, to know the times and seasons when it is good to sow and replant all manner of seeds.
- Worthy remedies and socrets availing against the stroying of Snailes, Cankerwormes, the long bodied Moths, Garden-fleas, Earth∣wormes, and Moles.
- Excellent inventions and helps against the Garden. Moles.
- diagrams for garden designs
- title page
- The Art of Angling.