The first book of architecture, by Andrea Palladio. Translated out of Italian: with an appendix touching doors and windows, by Dr Le Muet architect to the French King: translated out of French by G.R. Also rules and demonstrations, with several designs for the framing of any manner of roofs either above pitch or under pitch, whether square or bevel, never published before. With designes of floors of variety of small pieces of wood, lately made in the pallace of the Queen Mother, at Sommerset-House; a curiosity never practiced in England before.

CHAP. XLII. What is to be observed in making Chimnies, and the fashion which was practised among the Ancients.

THe Jaumes and Mantle-trees of Chimnies must be curi∣ously wrought; for rustick work doth not appear well, un∣lesse it be in very great Buildings, for the Reasons aforesaid.

The Ancients, to heat their Chambers, did serve themselves in this manner: They made their Chimnies in the middle, with Columns or Corbeaux which bore up the Archetrave, upon which were the Funnels of the Chimnies which conveyed away the smoak; of which kind one may be seen at Bay near the Piscine of Nero, and one which is not far from Civita Vecchia; and when they would not have Chimnies, they made in the thicknesse of the wall pipes or funnels, thorow which ascended the heat of the fire which was under the Chamber, and was conveyed forth through certain vents and conducts which was on the top of the funnels. Much like this, the Trenti Gentlemen of Venice in the Summer refreshed their Chambers at Costoza, their Country dwelling: For in that place there are great Moun∣taines in which are certain great Caves, which in times past were Quarries, which (I suppose) Vitruvius meanes in his second Book, where he treates of Stone. In these Caves are ingendred extream coole winds, which these Gentlemen caused to be brought into their house, through certain Subterranean vaults; and by the meanes of certain truncks, like to those whereof I have spoken before, make them to run thorow all the Cham∣bers, opening and shutting them at pleasure to take more or

lesse of Air, according to the time and season; And this place would be wonderful were it only for this great Commodity, neverthelesse that which renders it yet more admirable and worthy to be seen in the prison of the wind, which is a certain Chamber under ground, made by the most Noble Seignieur Trenti, and by him called Aeola; where many of those trunks and conducts of wind are discharged; And to render it beautiful, and worthy of this name he hath given it, he hath spared nei∣ther care nor charge.