Britannia, volume the first, or, An illustration of the Kingdom of England and dominion of Wales by a geographical and historical description of the principal roads thereof, actually admeasured and delineated in a century of whole-sheet copper-sculps : accomodated with the ichnography of the several cities and capital towns, and compleated by an accurate account of the more remarkable passages of antiquity : together with a novel discourse of the present state / by John Ogilby ...

The Continuation of the Road From LONDON to BARWICK, Com. Northumbr.

PLATE. V. & Last. Commencing at Chester in the Street, in Epatu. Dunelm. and Extending to Barwick aforesaid. Including 71. Miles.

Wherein these following Turnings are to be avoided.

• At 292’7. The Left acute.
• At 312’7. The Left acute.
• At 319’4. The Left acute.
• At 321’0. The Right acute.
• At 330’4. The Right acute.
• At 334’5. The Left acute.

IN Plate the 4th. we brought you to Chester in the Street, (computed, but errone∣ously, the Mid-way between DURHAM and Newcastle, to which last it is farther by 2 Miles) so call'd from it's Situation on the Via publica; by the Saxons, Concester; whence Cambden supposes it the Condercum in the Notitiae; seated on the West of the Were, pleasantly over-looking Lumley-Castle, the ancient Seat of the Lord Lumley's, about 6 Furlongs distant on the other side the River: It is a good Through-fare of about 4 Furlongs, with handsom Reception: Leaving which at 268’4. about 6 Furlongs farther pass by Peloo-Hall, a little distance on the Right, and prosecuting the Street-way which is a straight way indeed; at 271 M. leave Birtley, vulgo Buckley, on the same Hand; whence at 272’7. inclining to the Left, two small Descents bring you at 274 M. to a Beacon, and 5 Furl. farther a Windmil on the Right, whence an easie Descent conveys you at 275’6. to Gateshead, alias Gate-side, as it were the Sub∣urbs of Newcastle: a Town of great Antiquity, consisting at present of a fair Street of 4 Furl., seated on the Banks of the Tine, by the Saxons call'd Gates-heved, i.e. Caprae Caput, or Goat's-head, perchance from an Inn with such a Sign. Whence a stately Stone∣bridg over the Navigable Tine, separating the Counties of Durham and Northumberland, leads you into Newcastle, whereof take this brief Account.

New-castle, seated on the South-side of an eminent Ascent; before the Con∣quest call'd Monkchester, as appertaining to the Monks; but from the Castle built here by Robert eldest Son of William the Conqueror, New-Castle. It is a Town and County govern'd by a Mayor, 12 Aldermen, a Recorder, &c. sends Burgesses to Parlia∣ment, is the Shire-town for Northumberland, and gives Title to his Grace, William Duke, Marquess and Earl of New-castle; numbers 4 Parish-Churches, besides one in Gateshead; has a fair Exchange and handsome Custom-House; is encompast with a strong Wall and 7 Gates, but the Castle on the East of the Town is now ruin'd: Has weekly two great Markets on Teusdays and Saturdays. 'Tis a most eminent Em∣porium, rich and populous, highly frequented by Merchants, &c. driving a mighty Trade both by Sea and Land, but principally noted for it's wonderful Coal-trade, whereof it transmits some thousands of Sail yearly to the City of LONDON and other Parts, Domestick and Foreign.

Leaving New-castle at 276’6. you pass by Old Heton, and at 278’5. Great Ben∣tham on the Right: At 280’2. Entring North-Gosford, a Village of 2 Futlongs, ha∣ving before left South-Gosford on the Left, a direct and open way conveys you at near 285 Miles between Blakedon on the Left, and Shotton on the Right, and at 285’6. to Blith-Bridg over the River Blith or Pont, which rising about the Picts Wall, falls into the Sea at Blith's Neuk 5 Miles below this Place.

At 286’3. You pass through Stannington, a Village of 2 Furlongs, and leaving Netherton on the Right, a reasonable Direct Way brings you, by _____ _____ Castle on the Left, to Wanspeck at 290’7. the Church and Castle adjoyning on the Left: here you cross the River Wanspeck, rising about the midle of the County, and ha∣ving a little above receiv'd the Font, about 5 Miles below falls into the Sea. Having past the River you enter Morpeth, a Corporation, Govern'd by two Bayliffs, send∣ing Burgesses to Parliament; has a great Market on Wednsdays for Cattle, Corn, &c. is a Post-town, and a very good Through-fare, extending about 4 Furl. on the Road.

You leave the Town at 291’6. whence a Road generally open, and somewhat

more indirect, passing by Heborn and Espley on the Left, and Tritlington on the Right; crosses the small River Line, and leaving Causey on the Left, passes a Rill or two, and some Houses at 299’7. whence you come to a little Village at 301’2. of two Furlongs Extent, and there cross the River Cocket, rising on the Confines of this County and SCOTLAND, and proceeding Eastward, receives the Uswey, Rid∣ley and Ridland, and by Warkworth-Castle, over against Cocket-Island, discharges it self into the Sea.

A quarter of a Mile beyond the River you enter Felton, a Village of two Furlongs, whence by Acton on the Right, and Newton on the Moor contiguous on the Left; you pass between Snipehouse and Whittel, through a small Wood and over a Rivulet or two, and at 309’6. enter Alnwick, vulgo Anwick, seated near the River Alne, Ale or Alon, not above two Furlongs on the Road, yet a good Through-fare, had once a large Castle now ruin'd, and near it a decay'd Abby; It has a reasonable Market on Satur∣days, and here Anno 1092. MALCOLM King of Scots having Invaded Northumber∣land was slain, with EDWARD his Son, and his Army defeated by Robert Mowbray Earl of Northumberland. And Anno 1174. WILLIAM King of Scots Invading ENGLAND with 80’000 Men, was 7. July. here Encountred, his Army Routed, Himself made Prisoner, sent to LONDON, and by King HENRY carry'd to Roan in Normandy, paying 4’000 l. Ransom.

At 310’2. You cross the foresaid Alne, which rising 10 Miles to the West, dis∣charges it self into the Sea about 4 Miles Eastward. Hence sprinkled Woods and easy Descents bring you to an open Way, leading you through Carleton at 315’6. whence leaving Tunston-Castle, Ellingham and Newsted on the Right; At 319’6. you enter Warnford, a Village of 2 Furl. a Mile farther leave Edderston, als. Atherston a Furlong on the Right, and a Mile and half further Mowsewel 2 Furl. on the Left. Whence by New∣lands a quarter of a Mile on the Right, at 323’4. you enter Belford, a small Through∣fare, yet being a Post-town, is accordingly provided for Reception of Travellers; whence by the Chapel at 324 Miles close on the Left, and Middleton and Detcham on the same Hand; At 328 Miles you pass by Buckton contiguous on the Right a Mile and half distant from the Sea, and at 329’4. Fenwick, a Village two furlongs on the Left.

At 331’2. You come to Haggerston a Village of 2. Furlongs, whence by Broome House, and Brigg Mill on the Left, and Cheswick and Skrimerston on the Right; the last within a Mile of the Sea, at 338’2. you pass through Tweedmouth, whence crossing the Famous River Tweed, over a long Bridg of several fair Arches, at 339 Miles you Enter Bar∣wick, 2 Furlongs more bringing you to the Cross, where ending our Computation, we shall present you with a short View of this Important Town:

Barwick, alias Berwick, anciently Tuesis, Importing, according to Leland, as much as Aberwic i.e. Urbs ad ostium Fluminis; but Somner rather deduc'd it from Bere-wic, in Saxon signifying Corn-town, whereof see Mr. Cambden at large. A Place not so Emi∣nent for Antiquity, as for being a Town and County of it self; and included in Nor∣thumberland, though situate on the North-side of the River Tweed; a Place of great Strength, having the Sea on the East and South East, and the River Tweed on the South-west, encompass'd with a Wall, and fortify'd with a strong Castle. Is large Populous and well-built, Govern'd by a Mayor, Bayliffs and Burgesses, Elects Par∣liament Men, and has a very great Market on Saturdays for Corn and Salmon, and other Provisions.

Backward Turnings to be avoided.

• 4 Furlongs from Barwick, the Right to Cailsho, and so to Carlisle.
• Opposite to Skrimerston the Left to the Water-side.
• Opposite to Cheswick, the Left acute.
• 6 Furlongs beyond Hagerston the Right.
• The Right against Mowsewel.
• 2 Furlongs beyond Warnford, the Right.
• 3 Furlongs beyond Carleton, the Left.
• 10 Furlongs short of Alnwick, the Right.
• 4 Furlongs beyond Alnwick, the Left.
• A Mile beyond Cocket fluv. the Right.
• At the End of Morpeth, the Left to Sheelds.
• At the End of Gateside, the Right to Redhough.

Notes

• Chester in the Street, [286’2. N. by E.]
• [273. N. N. W.]
• Gateshead, 276. M.
• Newcastle, 276’4.
• [277 M. N.]
• North-Gosford, 280’3.
• Stannington, 286’3.
• Wanspeck, 291. M.
• Morpeth, 291’4.
• [292’1. N.W.] [292’7 N. b. E.]
• [295’4. N.W.b.N.] [299’1. N.N.E.]
• Felton. 302. M.
• [308’6. N. N. W.]
• Alnwick, 309’7.
• Carleton, 315’6.
• Warnford, 319’7.
• Belford, 323’5.
• Haggerston, 331’3.
• Tweedmouth, 338’2. (338’4. E. by N.)
• Barwick, 339’2.