An appendix to a course of chymistry being additional remarks to the former operations : together with the process of the volatile sale of tartar and some other useful preparations / writ in French by Monsieur Nicholas Lemery ; translated by Walter Harris ...

AN INDEX OF THE MORE Material REMARKS IN THIS APPENDIX.

A

• ACid and Alkali, their nature discoursed of at large, Page 14, 15. All Bodies that Fer∣ment with Acids are not compounded of an Al∣kali salt; as Pearle, Coral, &c. but are them∣selves Alkali's, 13. An Alkali after its con∣flict with Acids, remains no longer Alkali, 16, 17. No Alkali salt in Animals, 17. Choler no Alkali, 18. The notions of Acid and alkali cannot explicate the Heat and Ebullition, which proceeds from mixing spirit of Niter with spirit of Wine, 80. The Oyl of Turpentine with Oyl of Vitriol occasions the same difficulty, ib. How these Ebullitions are to be explicated, 81. Why Acids can preserve certain bodies put in them, as Salt preserves meat, 116, 117.

• Alchymy, an excellent definition of it, 27.
• Aloes, its Tincture how drawn, 130.
• Alom, its spirit as good and strong as spirit of Vi∣triol, 96.
• Amber, where found, 97. its Tincture how made, 98. its Volatile salt how drawn, 99.
• Ambergrease, where found, 101.
• Antimony Emetick, by reason of a saline sulphur it contains, 59, 60. its Regulus Calcined, weighs more than it did before, 60. and this Augmen∣tation from the addition of Fire into its body, ib. whence proceeds the Star, that is seen in its Martial Regulus, 61, 62, 63.
• Aqua-Fortis, its spirit no wayes alkali, 75.
• Arcanum Corallinum how Prepared, 54.
• Astrological Fancies about the correspondence of Metals, and the Planets, divers of them con∣futed, 22, 23. Judicial Astrology censur'd, 62.
• Aurum Fulminans, why it may be taken inward∣ly, 30.

B.

• Bismuth, why in making its Magistery the Ebulli∣tion is so great, and the Boulthead grows so hot, 31. its Magistery may be made without using Salt in the Water, but the Precipitation is bet∣ter and quicker with Salt, 32.

C.

• Colour, proved to be no real thing; but only to de∣pend on the Modification of parts by divers

• Experiments on Red Precipitate, 55, 56: seve∣ral Experiments upon Colours, 95, 96.
• Copper, why Water or other liquor that's heated or boiled in Copper vessels a whole day together, if not remov'd from off the fire, savours not so much of the Copper, as other Water boil'd in a like vessel, and remov'd from the fire but an hour, 36, 37, 38. what liquors take its Im∣pression sooner than others, 38. Cautions in the use of Copper vessels, ib. why a Kettle newly taken off the fire is not so hot at bottom, as on the sides, 39.
• Crocus Metallorum, a certain sort, called Mag∣nesia Opalina, 64. in the Preparation of the common sort of it, ordinary Salt-peter being used, yields more Crocus than the Purified Salt-peter; and the reason why, 64. that made with common Salt-peter, is the Redder, and nearer the colour of an Animals Li∣ver, 64. the preparation of it that may be given in a greater Dose, not better than that which is given in a less, 65.

D.

• Digestion, an Objection concerning it answer'd, 117, 118.
• Dissolvents to be used of the same nature with the substance you desire to dissolve, 98, 99.

E.

• Emails, what they are made of, 40.
• Extractum Panchymagogum, better drawn with

• a watry Menstruum, than Spirit of Wine, 131. In what Extracts Spirit of Wine should be used, 132.

F.

• Feavers, and their principal symptoms explicated by what is spoken concerning acids, 119, 120. How Intermittent Feavers, or Agues, come to return regularly by Fits, 121, 122.

G.

• Goddards Drops, some account of their Process, in the Preface.
• Gold, thought to be the end that Nature aims at in all her Mines, 23. taken inwardly no real Cordial, 27. nor receives any Influence from the Sun more than other things do, ib. Sto∣ries to prove it a Cordial, refuted, 28, 29, 30. That there are Volatiles which can Sublime it away, 29. Gold purified by Lead, as the White of an Egg Clarifies a Syrop, 33. the intercepted heavy matter between its Pores, does not Pre∣cipitate of its self, 86. an Objection answer'd, 86, 87.
• Guaiacum though a dry body, yet yields much liquor, 201.

H.

• Hartshorn Burnt no Cardiack, but only an alkali, 137. Philosophically prepared, it is but an ill Medicine, ib.

• Haematites, or the Bloud-stone how prepared, 68. an Acid Spirit drawn from it, ib. Sublimation of this stone, 69.

I.

• Ink, how made to appear and disappear several times in Paper, 90. Dried Roses with Vitriol will make as black an Ink, as that made with Galls, 90. and so will divers other things, 91.
• Iron differs from the Loadstone but only in the fi∣gure of its Pores, 40. Though it is an Acid Vitriolick Salt, yet it remains an Alkali, ib. Divers objections to prefer Steel before Iron for Physical uses, answered at large, 41, to 45. its Aperitive virtue, partly from its salt, and partly from its gravity, 42.

L.

• Lead, though it loses much by its Calcination, yet weighs heavier at last, by addition of fiery par∣ticles into its body, 33, 34. in the distillation of its Burning spirit, called Burning spirit of Sa∣turn, six drachms are taken out of the Retort, more than were put in, besides an ounce and six drachms more of liquor thence distilled, 34, 35. its Calx how revived, 36.

M.

• Metals, how different from Minerals, 21. seven in number, ib.
• Mercury, the former discourse upon its effects and operations in the Pox, vindicated (modestly) to be the Authors own invention, 45. It is proved to be an Alkali, though it contains no alkali salt, 46. Objections against its being an alkali, and the venom of the Pox an acid, answered, 47, 48.

K.

• Not half the Spirit of Niter requisite to dissolve it, as is for the same weight of Bismuth, 49. a difficulty about its making a sublimate corrosive in the body, answered, 50, 51. why Mercurius Dulcis, in a Flux, does not fill the Brain with Ʋloers, as it does the mouth, 49. its White Pre∣cipitate by sublimation becomes as sweet as Mer∣curius Dulcis, and may be then given in as great a Dose, 52. its Red Precipitate the less 'tis Cal∣cined, and the less Red it is, the more Corrosive 'twill prove, 53. why spirit of Vitriol upon its Red Precipitate, makes a clear dissolution with∣out any Ebullition, 54. why spirit of Salt upon its Red Precipitate, makes a curious white, 55. why the Colour turns so soon from Red to White, ib. its Red precipitate will sublime if you continue it on the fire too long, 53, 54. other Precipitates of Mercury, 56. and remarkable Observations upon them, 57, 58, 59. why the Volatile Spirit of Sal Armoniack does so much help the Precipitation of Mercury, 52.
• Milk, whence its Coagulation, 18, 19.
• Minerals, how they grow, 20.
• Myrrhe, what, 132. its liquid Gum, anciently called Stacten, ib. how chosen, and what it is good for, 133. its Tincture how drawn, ib. why spirit of Wine draws it best, 134. its Tincture better than the Extract, ib. its Oyl per Deli∣quium how made, ib.

N.

• Niter, not at all inflammable, 76. No Sulphur in Saltpeter, 77. Spirit of Niter how dulcified, 79. in the Fixation of Saltpeter into an alkali salt,

• why the Crucible must be but half full, 82. The Detonation from Saltpeter and Coals, why greater than from Saltpeter, and common. Sul∣phur, 82. why more Fixt Salt get by the use of common saltpeter than by that which is Purified, 83. How to make Grey fixt Niter become: ex∣ceeding White, 84. Fixt Niter why an Al∣kali, ib. No Alkali salt in saltpeter, ib. why the liquor of Fixt Niter, that is made with com∣mon saltpeter, being kept a year or so, loses its alkali nature; whereas that which is made with purified Saltpeter, never loses being an Alkali, 84, 85. Fixt Niter an Acid salt rendred porous, by the Alkali of Coals, 85. Liquor of Fixt Ni∣ter called by some Alkaest, or Ʋniversal dis∣solvent, 85. Niter excellently well proved not to be inflammable, ib.

O.

• Opium, what it is good for, 127. its Operation proved to proceed from Narcotick Vapours, shutting the channels of the Spirits and Humours, 128. and not from any proportion of salt and sulphur, or secret Ferment, 129. Opium ob∣served to be Sudorifick, ib.
• Oyl, nothing else properly said to be inflammable, 1. that which caused its Flagration must be a Vo∣latile or Essential salt, ib. this proved from com∣mon sulphur; and a mixture of saltpeter with sulphur, 2.
• Oyl of Bricks why called by Chymists the Oyl of Philosophers, 70, 71.
• Oyl of Peter, Jet, and Coals, supposed to be from a distillation in the Earth, but falsly, 97. 98.

P.

• Petrification, how, 20.
• Philosophers-stone, the several methods of search∣ing after it related, and pleasantly discoursed of, 24, 25. the misery of those men that seek after it, 26. the possibility of the Philosophers-stone granted, but accounted next to an impossibility, and the reason why, ib.

Q.

• Quicklime, in the making of it, the fire must be kept at an equal height, to the end of the work, 65. its Corrosion caused by Igneous bodies, 66. no Acid in it, to cause its Ebullition in wa∣ter, 67.

S.

• Sal Armoniack, how made Artificially at Venice, 85. eight ounces of it do contain at least four ounces and a half of Volatile salt, 88. its Vola∣tile spirit only a dissolution of Volatile salt in Water, ib. its spirit sensibly proved to be Sudo∣rifick by a proper instance, 89. whence it is that a Coagulation happens from the mixture of spirit of Wine with the Volatile spirit of Sal Armo∣niack ib.
• Sal Polychrestum, not fit to be used, until it is made very white, 77. why more of it is made with common Saltpeter than that which is Puri∣fied, 78. an Ebullition falsly said to rise, when spirit of Sulphur is cast upon it, or upon Salt∣peter, 78.
• Salt, that of Vegetables proceeds from a salt juice of the Earth they grow in, 5. too much salt as bad for Lands as too little; an instance of those

• near the River Nile, 6. 'tis a Volatile, or at least a saltpetrous salt that fertilizes Lands, ib. yet the Ashes of Vegetables, though full of a fixt salt, do well to this purpose, 7. Three sorts of salt drawn from Vegetables, an Acid or Essen∣tial, a Volatile, and a fixt salt, 9. the acid salt the only true salt in nature, 9, 10, 11. Salt de∣crepitated exposed to the Air to be distilled with∣out addition, yields only a Phlegm, rather than spirit, 74. Monsieur Seignet's Distillation of spirit of Salt without addition of Clay to sepa∣rate its parts, vindicated to be good, and an admirable Operation, 74, 75. how all alkali Fixt salts are made very white, 113. and why they are Aperitive, 114. its spirit not good to bathe bodies with that are to be Embalmed, 116.
• Salt-water in the Sea, caused by Mines of Salt therein contained, 3, 4.
• Sea-salt, how made at Rochel, 71. when Crystal∣lized, it makes no Ebullition with Oyl of Tar∣tar, 72.
• Saltpeter, vide Niter.
• Sulphur, its white Flowers made with Sal Po∣lychrestum, 97.

T.

• Tartar, why its Crystals will not dissolve in cold water, 108. why its Crystals boiled with its salt do raise an effervescency in hot water, which they cannot do in cold, 109. its soluble Tartar only the Cream of Tartar made soluble in cold water, ib. its Chalybeated or martial Crystals, ib.

• soluble Tartar how chalybeated, 111. soluble Emetick Tartar may be made with Volatile Spi∣rit of Sal Armoniack, instead of Spirit of Ʋ∣rine, but then there will be no Ebullition, and why, 112. how this Emetick is prepar'd another way, ib. why water thrown upon its salt newly Calcined, does come to heat like unslack't Lime, 113. Salt of Tartar not to be Calcin'd with Sulphur, ib. nor Niter, 114. its Volatile salt why made of Lees of Wine, rather than Tartar, 124. very hard to keep its Volatile salt dry, and yet how that may be done, ib. its Volatile salt made alkali by the fire, but was not of that na∣ture, either in the Plant, or in the Lees, ib. the Salt of its Lees proved to be Acid, 125, 126. this Volatile salt no better than others, 126. some fixt Alkali salt to be found in the Lees re∣maining in the Retort, 127.
• Tartarum Vitriolatum, distilled in a Retort yields not so strong a spirit of Vitriol, as it was at first, 115. during the Ebullition of Acid and Alkali in this Operation a great many dashes of water fly about, enough to put out a Candle, ib. Tartarum Vitriolatum made with Recti∣fied Oyl of Vitriol, is not so white as that made with the Spirit, 114. but when Oyl of Vitriol is used, the Ebullition is the greater, 115.

V.

• Vegetation, from a mixture of Volatile salt and Sulphur, 7, 8. the fixt salt that lies in the ashes of Vegetables, does fructifie by being Po∣rous, 7.

• Vinegar, its Alkalized, or Radical spirit, proved to be only the more Phlegmatick part of distilled Vinegar, 107.
• Vipers, their venom caused by Acid salts, 135. the natural acidity of the bloud not capable of causing any such Venemous Coagulation, as Vi∣pers do, 135, 136. their Volatile salt how Recti∣fied, and why, 136.
• Vitriol, the Redness of it Calcin'd, proved not to proceed from any Copper therein contained, 91, 92. some of its Spirit always flyes away through the Junctures, use what care you can, 93. Ger∣man Vitriol yields more, but not so good spirit as the English, 93. its Oyl being mixed with its Acid Spirit, or with water, or some Ethe∣real Oyl, as Oyl of Turpentine, why it causes so violent a Heat and Ebullition, 93, 94. This not to be explicated by the notions of Acid and Alkali, but by fiery particles contained in the Oyl, 94. an excellent Experiment to prove its Oyl full of fiery parts, 94, 95.
• Volatile salts when proper to be used, and when not, 126. many of these Volatile salts, drawn Acid, as they were in the mixt, 139.

W.

• Water, Queen of Hungaries water how readily made upon the spot, 105. the Rosemary Flowers in it, though Volatile in their nature, yet re∣quire a Digestion to draw out their virtue, 106. why plain water can Precipitate Bismuth, Lead, and Antimony, but can't precipitate Gold, Syl∣ver, or Mercury, 32.

• Wax, its spirit an Acid Volatile salt, like the Salt of Amber, 138. This Distillation, and that of Amber, prove all the Salt of mixt bo∣dies to be naturally Acid, and Alkali's to be nothing but mutations made by fire, 139.
• Wine, that which is clear, and freed from Lees and Tartar, will sowre, and turn into a (weak) Vinegar, but this by reason of a Tartar con∣tained in its Principles, 106. and the Air thought to communicate some Acidity to Wine, 107. The Authors way of drawing its Spirit vindicated, 103, 104.

FINIS.