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Reason in Season, &c.
FOrasmuch as there was never any Prohibition of the Practice of Physick or Chy∣rurgery to those that had Skill therein, until the time of King Henry the 8th, it is to be presumed, that the Exercise of these Arts is Common Right. For our Kings and Governours had no such Thoughts, as some now have, that the E∣ducations of the Universities only capacitated Persons for that Practice; because, had they so judged, it cannot be imagined they would, for so many Hundreds of Years, in a Nation of such pregnant Faculties, have forborn to specifie their Re∣sentment thereof; especially considering, that the Clergy (the Original and Support of Academick Learning, were the great Ministers of State, for the most part under every King since the Conquest; and how easie it had been for them, had they (seeing they ruled All) apprehended it Essential to Healing, may be judg∣ed by every Rational Man.
Nor doth it appear by that Act of the third of Henry the 8th, where the Bi∣shops are the Licensers of Physick, that there was ought of other Learning requir∣ed, then Judgment in the Faculty; because it was appointed by that Act, They should call to their Assistance any Four Teachers thereof; and as if this also were thought too great an Infringment of Liberty, it was by another Act of Parliament in the 34th Year of the said King's Reign (taking no notice, if there were any such, of that in the 14th and 15th Year of the same King) ordered, That Any that had Skill in Herbs, Roots, Waters, or to cure any Outward Sores, the Stone, Stranguries, Agues and Impesthumes; not withstanding any thing specified in the former Act, should have Liberty so to do: and good Reason. For they found that Limitation of Practice to a set Number increased Pride and Covetousness (grand Hindrances to the Improvement of Physick) and the Di••ressed wanted Help, and they that did them Good were Troubled for so doing, as the Preamble to that Act sufficiently manifests.
Now, although some may Object, This later Act was only made against that Branch of the former which concerned Chyrurgeons; yet you may without Diffi∣culty discern that Agues. the Stone and Stranguries (Distempers not cured by Out∣ward Medicines) are referred to Any Persons skilful therein. Yea, the very Letter of the Act, specifying Knowledge in Herbs, Roots and Waters (Chymical Spirits and other Preparations of theirs being at that time unknown) doth undeniably de∣monstrate some part of Physicians Practice, if not the better part. For though Col∣ledgiate Physicians (through Ignorance & Idleness) refer the Stone to the Knife, and so make it a part of Chyrurgery; yet the Stone in the Kidneys (all men know) the Knife never reached; & where one is troubled with the former, there are six, if not