Blagrave's supplement or enlargement to Mr. Nich. Culpeppers English physitian containing a description of the form, names, place, time, coelestial government, and virtues, all such medicinal plants as grow in England, and are omitted in his book, called, The English-physitian, and supplying the additional virtues of such plants wherein he is defective : also the description, kinds, names, place, time, nature, planetary regiment, temperature, and physical virtues of all such trees, herbs, roots, flowers, fruits, excrescencies of plants, gums, ceres, and condensate juices, as are found in any part of the world, and brought to be sold in our druggist and apothecaries shops, with their dangers and corrections / by Joseph Blagrave ... ; to which is annexed, a new tract for the cure of wounds made by gun-shot or otherways, and remedies for the help of seamen troubled with the scurvy and other distempers ...

Jagged Dwarff-Elder.

Descript.] 8. THis is called in Latine Ebulus foliis laciniatis: there can be known no difference between this and the other, save, onely in the leaves, which do so deform the whole face of the plant, that none almost would think it should belong to the former; the flowers, fruit, and smell onely leading us to Judge of the Species: the leaves are almost Jagged, as much as the jagged Elder, wherein consists the only difference in this, from the former.

The Place and Time.] Common Elder groweth very frequently in hedges, and in many places it is planted to serve for hedges, and par∣titions, for grounds, and Gardens, especially about London, where the Gardeners plant it, not onely to serve in their grounds, but for the an∣nual profit it yeeldeth both for the green buds, flowers and fruit, and it is planted likewise in many places where Coneys breed, for shadow; every stick or branch being thrust into the ground, will easily take root and grow. The second, it is said was first found by Tragus in the Woods of Germany. The third, is found wild, on Hills in watry Woods. The fourth, is only found planted in the Gardens of the Cu∣rious. The fifth is found by watersides and Moorish places in Germany, France, England, Italy, and Peidmont in Savoy, as Pena saith. The sixt is nursed up onely in Gardens, but best delighteth in moist Grounds. The seventh groweth Wild in many places of England, where if it be once gotten into a Ground, it will so creep and spread it self under the upper crust of the earth, that is will hardly be gotten out again. The last is as yet a stranger in England.

The Time.] The common Elder shoots forth his buds early in the year-in the beginning of January if the weather be mild: all or most of the Elders, flower in June, but the Danewort somewhat late, as his fruit likewise is later ripe; even not untill September: but the others are ripe

for the most part at the middle or latter end of August.

Government and Vertues.] In the judgement of Culpepper, about the planetary dominion of these plants, he much mistakes himself, saying that both Elder and Walwort were under Venus, but they are numbred amongst the violent purgers, and of a heating and drying quality, quite contrary to the nature of Venus, as also their rank smell demonstrates; I do therefore attribute them to the dominion of Mars in Scorpio; both Galen and also Dioscorides do attribute to the Walwort, aswell as to the common Elder (for they account their properties both one) a hot and dry temperature, purging watry humors abundantly, but not without trouble to the Stomack: the first shoots of the common Elder boyled like unto Sparagus, and the young leaves and stalks boyled in fat broth, draweth forth mightily Cho∣ler and tough Flegm; the tender leaves also eaten with oyl and salt doth the same, the middle or inner bark boyled in Water, and given to drink worketh much more vio∣lently, and the berries also either green or dry, expell the same hu∣mors and is often given with good successe to help the Dropsie, by e∣vacuating great plenty of watrish humors; the bark of the root also boyled, or the juice therof drunk, worketh the same effects, but more po∣werfully, than do either the leaves or fruit: the juice of the root taken provoketh Vomiting mightily, and purgeth the watry humors of the Dropsie: the same decoction of the root, cureth the biting of the Viper or Adder, as also of a Mad-dog, and mollifieth the hardness of the Mo∣ther if Women sit therein: and openeth the Veins, and bringeth down their Courses; the berries boyled in Wine perform the same effects, the hair of the Head or other parts washed therewith is made black: the juice of the green leaves applied to hot inflamations of the Eyes, asswageth them: the leaves boyled until they be tender and then beaten and mixed with Barly-meal, and ap∣plied to hot inflamations asswageth them, and helpeth Burning & Scal∣ding; & cureth Fistula's & Ulcers, being laid thereupon and easeth the pains of the Gout, being beaten and boyled with tallow of a Bull or a Goat & laid theron; the juice of the leave snuffed up into the nostrills, purgeth the Tunicles of the Brain; the juice of the berries boyled with a little hony and dropped into the Eares, easeth the pains of them; the decoction of the berries in Wine being drunk provoketh Urine, the powder of the seeds, first prepared in Vinegar and then taken in Wine, half a dram at a time, for certain daies together, is a means to abate fat, and keep the body lean, the berries so prepared and asmuch white Tartar and a few Anniseeds, put unto them, a dram of this powder given in Wine cureth the Dropsy humor; very gently purging: the dry flowers are very often used in

the decoctions of Glisters to expell Wind, and easeth the Chollick; for they lose their purgeing quality which they have being green, and retain an attenuating and digesting property being dried.

The distilled water of the flowers is of much use to clear the skin from Sunburning, Freckles, Morphew or the like, and (saith Mathiolus) the Head being ba∣thed therewith it taketh away all manner of Head-ach that cometh of a cold cause.

The Vinegar made of the flowers of Elder by mace∣ration and insolation, is grateful to the Stomack, and of great power and effect to quicken the Appetite, and helpeth to cut grosse or tough Flegm in the chest; a sirrup of Vinegar made thereof, will work more e∣ffectually for these purposes: the leaves boyled and laid hot upon any hot and painful Aposthumes, especially in the more remote and sinewy parts, doth both cool the heat, and inflamation of them, and ease the pains: the distilled water of the inner bark of the tree or of the root, is very powerful to purge the watry humors of the Dropsie, or Tympany, taking it fasting and two hours before Supper.

Mathiolus prescribeth a Receipt hereof to help any Burning or Scalding, which is made in this man∣ner, viz.

Take (saith he) one pound of the inner bark of the Elder, bruise it or cut it small, and put it into two pound of fine sallad oyl, or oyl of Olives, that hath been first washed oftentimes in the distilled water of Elder-flowers; let them boyl gently a good while together, and after∣wards strain forth the oyl, pressing it very hard; Set this oyl on the fire again and put thereto, four ounces of the young branches and leavs of the Elder-tree, and as much new Wax, let them boyl to the con∣sumption of the juice, after which being taken from the fire, put pre∣sently thereunto two ounces of liquid vernish (such as Joiners use &c.) and afterwards, of Olibanum in fine powder four ounces, and the whites of two eggs being first well beaten by themselvs; all these being well stirred and mixed together, put it up into a clean pot, and keep it to use when occasion serveth.

The young buds, and leaves of the Elder and asmuch of the roots of plantain beaten together, and boyled in old Hogs-grease, and laid warm upon the place pained with the Gout, giveth present ease: if you put some of the flowers of Elder into a bag, letting it hang in a Vessel of Wine, when it is new made and be∣ginneth to work: the bag being a little pressed every evening for a sennight together giveth to the Wine a very good relish and a smell like Muscadine; the like may be tried with a Vessel of Ale or Beer new Tunned up, and set to work together, the leaves of Elder boyled ten∣der

and applied warm to the fundament easeth the the pains of Piles, if they be once or twice renewed as they grow cold: The foul inflamed or old Ulcers, and sores of the Legs being often washed with the water of the leaves or of the flowers distilled, in the middle of the Moneth of May, doth heal them in a short space.

The distilled water of the flowers taketh away the heat and inflamation of the Eyes, and helpeth them when they are bloud-shotten.

The hands being washed Morning and Evening with the same water of the flowers, doth much help and ease them that have the Palsie in them, and cannot keep them from shaking: the pith in the middle of the Elder stalks, being dryed and put into the Cavernous holes of Fi∣stulous Ulcers, that are ready to close, openeth and dilateth the Orifice, whereby injections may be used, and other remedies applied for the cure of them.

It is reported, that if you gently strike a Horse that cannot pisse, with a stick of this Elder, and bind some of the leaves to his Belly, it will make him pisse presently: it is also said, and some persons of good credit, have told me (but I did never make any experiment of it) that if one ride with two little sticks of this Elder in his pockets, he shall not fret nor gaul, let the Horse go never so hard.

The Mushrooms, or Excrescences of the Elder-tree, called in English Jews Eares, usually Auriculae Judae, and Fungus Sambucinus, are of much use being dried to be boyled in Ale or Milk, or some other proper de∣coction with Columbine leaves for sore Throats, and with a little Pepper and pellitory of Spain in powder, to put up the Ʋvula, or pallat of the mouth being down: the dryed Jews Eares steeped in Rose-water, and applied to the Temples and forehead, easeth the pains of the Head, or Head-ach, as saith Mathiolus.

The Mountain or red berried Elder hath the same properties, that the common Elder hath, but much weaker in all things; and the berries hereof are accounted to be cold, and to pro∣cure sleep, but the frequent use hereof is hurtful; it hath been said that if a stick, or branch of this Elder be put in∣to the passage or Cavern that a Mole hath made, it will ei∣ther drive them forth, or kill them in their holes.

The marsh Elder is of the same purging quality, with the former or common Elder, especially the berries or the juice of them. Hens and Birds do feed upon them willingly in the Winter.

The Danewort, Walwort, or Dwarff-Elder, is in operation more force∣able or powerful than the Elder, in all the diseases, and for all the pur∣poses whereunto it is applied, but more especially wherein the Elder

is little or nothing available, the Dwarff-Elder serveth to these uses;

The young and tender branches and leaves thereof taken with Wine, helpeth those that are troubled with the Stone and Gravel; and is a speedy and quick help for hard∣ness and swelling of a Mans Stones, being laid warm thereupon; the juice of the root of Walwort, applied to the Throat, helpeth the Quinsie and Kings-Evill: the juice thereof, put into the fundament helpeth the falling down thereof, the same also put up with a little wooll into the Matrix bringeth down Womens courses the same juice of the root, strongly purgeth watry hu∣mors, and is held most effectual for the Dropsie of all other herbs what∣soever; the dried berries or the seeds beaten to powder, and taken in-Wine fasting worketh the like effect: the powder of the seed taken in the decoction of Chamaepetis, or grownd-Pine, and a little Cinnamon to the quantity of a dram at a time, is an approved re∣medy both for the Gout, Joint-aches, and Sciatica, as also for the French-Pox, for it draweth the humors from the place affected, whereby it easeth the pains, and draweth forth those humors, that are fluent, pec∣cant and offensive; the powder of the root worketh in the like manner, and to the same effect; the root hereof steeped in Wine all night, and a draught thereof, given before the accesse, or coming, will either break off the fit or abate the violence thereof, and at the second taking seldome faileth to drive it quite away: an oyntment made of the green leaves & May butter, made in the Month of May, is accounted a soveraign remedy for all out∣ward pains, Aches or Cramps in the Nerves, Joints or Sinews, for Lameness or stiffness by cold or other casualties, and in general to comfort, warm, and strengthen all the outward parts ill affected; as also to mollifie the hardness, and open the obstructions of the Spleen, the greived parts being anointed therewith.

The leaves laid to steep in water and sprinkled in any chamber of the house, killeth Fleas, Flies and Waspes as is said: Tragus saith, that the tender bran∣ches boiled in Wine, whereunto some hony is put, and drunk for some daies together is profitable for a Cold and dry Cough, cureth the diseases of the Breast, by cutting and extenu∣ating and digesting the grosse, and tough Flegm therein, all the pro∣perties before-said of the Elder, the Walwort doth perform more strongly, and is more effectual in opening and purging Choler, Flegm and Water, in helping the Gout, the Piles, and Womens diseases, coloureth the Hair black,

helpeth the Inflamations of the Eyes, and pains in the Eares, the stinging or biting of Serpents, or a Mad-dog, the Burnings or Scaldings, by Fire or Water, Wind Cholick, and Stone, the cure of all old sores and fi∣stulous Ulcers, and all other the griefs and maladies before of the Elder specified.

Thus in general Terms, I have given the species, nature and vertues of the Elder and Dwarff-Elder, with their excellent operations, deducted from the Testimony of the best Authors, and late admired experience: I shall now lay down some more particular, and late experienced medica∣ments, composed of some parts of the Elder, and appropriated to se∣veral diseases in several parts of Mans body.

For pain in the Head.

Take the Cake of the flowers of Elder left in the Still after the distil∣lation, and sprinkle upon it the Vinegar of the flowers, and apply it to the Temples, renewing it with sprinkling on fresh Vinegar, or you may use Rose cakes be sprinkled with the Vinegar of Elder; which is far better for the brain where the heat is more vehement, and the brain more sensible.

Or, Take of fresh Elder leaves two handfuls, of Roses and water∣lilly-flowers, of each one handful, being cut and pounded, pour upon them of Elder Vinegar, & the water, distilled out of the flowers, of each a like quantity, presse the juice out strongly, and mix with it two whites of Eggs well beaten, in which dip a double Linnen cloth, and apply it to the Head, repeating it often.

This decoction is excellent to dispell the Vapours of the brain, and make one sleep soundly, if the Legs and Arms be soundly rubbed therewith when you go to bed.

Take six Umbells of the Elder flowers when they are full; of Annise, Umbells four; of Roman Camomil flowers one handful, six poppy Heads with their seeds: being cut together beat them in rain water, and so apply them.

The Elder's remedies again Hypochondriack and flatulent Melancholy.

In these diseases, if the Patient be subject to Vomit, it is expedient first of all to provoke it by the oyl of the infusion of the flowers and bark of the Elder; lest by preparing and purging medecines, those crude, and Excrementitious humours which often are gathered in the Stomack be carried to the more principal parts of the body and aug∣ment the obstructions.

Or give of the syrrup made of the juice of the buds and berries an ounce, with some grains of the extract of Scammony, and three drops of the oyl of Elder-flowers distilled, in the distilled water of the flowers thereof.

Or use this clyster following which will mitigate pain, expell wind, and loosen the belly.

Take of Elder leaves two handfulls, of Elder flowers and Roman Cammomil-flowers, of each an handful; of the stones of Elder-berries dryed two drams: which being cut and pounded, boyl them in good Wine, or Wine of the Elder, till the colature come to eight ounces; add the oyl of the infused flowers three ounces, of Elder-honey two ounces, the yolk of one egg; mix them and make a clyster and inject it hot.

After this the Wine which is drawn out of the berries and flowers, is very profitable, for it opens obstructions, cuts grosse humors, and by degrees carries them off. It doth likewise refresh the vital and animal Spirits; drink a cupful thereof each morning for a Month, taking be∣fore a spoonful or two of flesh broth, or a soft Egg; with these you may also mix once or twice a week the powder of the buds of Elder; which is thus prepared,

Take of Elder-buds dryed in the shade half an ounce, of Elder-kernels trochiscated, of Sene leaves, of Crystalized Elder Salt, of each three dams, of the extract of Scammony two drams, of Galingale, and Mace, each half a dram; being all subtilly powdered distill upon them, of the oyl of Cloves and Fennel of each six drops, of Cinnamon and Cara∣way of each three drops; let them be mixed exactly in a marble, Morter for a powder; whose dose is from a scruple to a dram.

The Trochiscation, or preparation of the seeds of Elder is thus: Take one ounce of the lesser Esula prepared in infusion in Vinegar and pulverized grossly, put it into Spanish Wine, and let them macerate eight daies in the Sun, or in the Winter in the Chimney-corner, the mouth of the glass being well stopt; after, strain them through gray Paper, and purifie them, take the clean Arilla's of the Elder-berries, dry them, pulverize them, and with a sufficient quantity of the pow∣der of Esula make them in paste, dry it, and then sprinkle them with the same infusion, and again work it into paste, of which form your Troches: dry them, and keep them for your use.

The specifick cure of the Epilepsie or Falling sickness from the Elder. The Cure of Children.

To Infants new born, before you give them any thing to swallow, you may give them with great profit, a spoonful of the syrrup of the

flowers, or juice of the Elder-berries, to carry off that putrid, yellowish, and sometimes blackish water gathered in the Stomack and parts about while the Infant is in the Mothers womb; for these syrrups do not on∣ly change and evacuate, but they also preserve from and resist ma∣lignities.

Macerate a handfull of Elder-flowers, well dryed in Wine, with which wash the new born babe; it consumes the humors gathered about the joints, and comforts the members: this also is profitable; Take of the powder of the buds one dram, of the berries of herb Paris, Numb. 6. powder them very finely, of which give half a scruple for 9 daies toge∣ther, in the water of Elder-flowers, or in any other convenient Li∣quor.

In the Fit the least spoonful of the spirit of the flowers, given with three or five of the seeds of Peony excorticated, is much commended or of Peony-seeds excorticated of the best Water of Elder-flowers, one ounce and an half; of the flowers of Linden, half an ounce.

The cure of those that are of age, and grieved with the Falling-sickness.

In the cure of such persons, first, purge the body very well. In the Spring time, macerate the bark of the roots of Elder in the Whey of Cows milk, which being sweetned with Sugar, let him each morning drink an hearty draught thereof; or take of the compound powder of the buds two scruples or a dram, or take of the new rob of the Elder, well thickned with Sugar asmuch, as will make a Bolus.

The Spirit of the flowers and berries of the Elder, in and out of the fit, is very effectual, but it may be made more efficacious in this man∣ner: Take of the middle bark of the Elder; of Peony-roots, each 6 drams; of dried Elder-leaves and buds, of Linden tree-flowers of each one handful; of the seeds of Rue two drams, of the berries of herb Paris Number 20. of Jews-Ears numb. 6.

This being cut and pounded put asmuch of the Spirit of Elder-flo∣wers thereon, as will be a hand broad high, above them; let them stand eight days in a hot place, and in a vessel close stopped, distill them in glasse Vessels in Balneo Mariae, till they be dry; with them mix the distil∣led Spirits, the salt drawn out of its dregs, and keep it for the Anti-Epi∣leptick Spirit of the Elder, whereof you may give a spoonful to the patient in the time of his fit, afterwards using it every quarter of the Moon, to dissipate the Epileptick corruption by sweating, or insensible transpiration; and to strengthen the brain; with this same in the time of the fit, rub the nostrills, Gums, and Palate, adding thereto a grain or two of Castor.

The Water of the flowers drawn up into the Nose, prevails much a∣gainst the Epilepsie, and Vertigo; in the same affects, the Eyes and

Face, are to be washed often with this water; in the time of the Fit a∣noint gently the contracted members, with the oyle of the flowers of the first description; the oyl of the second sort is much commended to anoint the palms of the Hands and Soles of Feet, the Temples and nape of the Neck.

Of the Apoplexy, and Palsie.

The salt of the Spirit of Elder is much commended as a preservative against these grievous diseases, if it be mixed with a third part of the volatile Spirit of Amber, and given in the time of the new Moon, or full Moon in a convenient liquor, in the weight of a scruple or half a dram; the salt of the Elder must be first excellently crystaliz'd in the water of Sage.

Oximel Sambuci, is likewise useful in these cold distempers of the Brain, whereof give often in Sage water, a little before purging, for the cutting and preparing that grosse matter.

The Spirit likewise distilled from the Berries is excellent, if once a week or at least each Quarter of the Moon, a spoonfull thereof be taken mixt with crums of Wheat-bread and a little, Sugar: or you may pre∣pare it new in what quantity you please, Thus.

Take Sage, Marjoram, Ivy, of each two drams; Cowslip-flowers, Lilly of the Valley-flowers, of each one dram and an half; of Rocket-seeds two drams: which being cut and grossely powdered, infuse them in a sufficient quantity of the Spirit of Elder, and after eight dayes distil them in Balneo: dissolve a little Castoreum in it and strain it, of this give the Patient a spoonful in the time of the Fit, and with the same rub the Crown of the Head, Temples, Nape of the Neck, and Nostrills.

But if the Apoplexy end in a Palsey of the sides or other Members, as usually it doth, (or in death;) 'tis necessary to provoke sweat, which may be done with two drams of the spirit before mentioned, or two drams of the Rob of the berries in Sage water, or of the extract of the rob of the Elder; five drams and an half of which every morning give to the patient, being exactly mixed one dram in two or three ounces of the decoction of the great Burdock, and keep him warm to sweat in his bed for half an hour.

Of Catharrs.

In this the Wine prepared of the flowers and berries is much com∣mended, drink a cupful in the morning after you have taken a litle broth.

For diseases of the Eares and Hearing.

For to ease and mitigate pains of the Eares use Fomentations, of Elder and Camomile-flowers; and anoint the place with the oyl of the infusion of the flowers of Elder: To take away the tingling, sounding and other noises of the Eares, drop in a drop or two of the oyl of the flowers, and stop the Eares with Bombace dipped therein, and with the decoction of the roots and leaves of the Elder, with some Origina∣num; let the Eares be often washed therein, and receive the hot sume thereof.

Of the defects of the Nose and Smelling.

Water of Elder-flowers often snuffed up into the Nose helpeth the Smelling, when it is lost or diminished, by any great Cold or sickness; and if you wash the Face often with the distilled water of the leaves and flower: of the Elder, it cleanseth and dryeth up all pimples and pustules of the Face.

For diseases of the Throat and Mouth.

The expressed juice of the leaves, mixed with Simple or Elder hony doth cleanse and dry very much, all the Ulcers of the Gums and Throat, they being gargled therewith; and outwardly anoint them, with the oyl of Elder-flowers by infusion.

For Hoarseness.

The new Rob of the Elder-berries, which is liquid, is with good suc∣cesse given to Coughing and unquiet Children; for older people a Lo∣hoch of the oyl of Elder-Sugar is profitable; but where there is much matter, and corruption feared, this medicament following is profitable:

Take of fresh Elder-leaves, a little dryed in the shadow one hand∣ful, boyl them in a quart of Fountain water, to the Consumption of a third part, strain it, and sweeten it with Sugar-Candy or clarified hony; of which, every day morning and evening drink a draught warm.

To make the Voice clear.

Take of Elder-flowers dryed in the Sun, and pulverized; of which drink a little every morning, in white Wine fasting: if the Cough and Hoarseness proceed from heat in Feavers, the syrrup made of the juice of Elder-berries with equal parts of the syrrup of violets, is an ex∣cellent remedy. Or you may make Elder-Sugar in imitation of violet

Sugar-Candy, Cinnamon or Rose Sugar; of which in these pectorall diseases hold some still to be dissolved in your mouth, that it may gradatim, descend into the Wind-pipe: 'tis thus made;

Take of the best Sugar 6 pound, let it dissolve and boyle, in the fra∣grant water of the flowers, till it come to a fit thickness, to be made into tablets, then infuse the fresh juice made from the berries well cla∣rified, or the frequent infusion of the flowers, as you please to have the colour: on a soft fire boyl to the consistency of a syrrup, then in a glasse or earthen pot, put sticks in order two fingers breadth as••under and pour the Liquor hot thereon, and in a warmed shop, the vessel being bound up in a thick Cotton-cloth, let it stand to congeal.

For Swooning and Faintness.

The Vinegar of Elder-berries imbibed in a Sponge recovers those as it were from death, that are subject to Swoonings and Faintings, it ex∣cellently refresheth the vital Spirits, in this also dip Linnen cloaths, and apply them to the pulses of the Temples, Wrists, and near the Ankles.

Of Agues and Feavers.

As soon as any one finds a Feaver at first begin to approach, let them take of the Rob of the Elder in the Vinegar, Spirit or water of the flo∣wers thereof, and so in their beds being well covered with clothes, dispose themselves for sweating.

But this is onely to be done in the beginnings of Feavers, and in such bodies as are not full of grosse and corrupt humors; otherwise, it is more safe, to open the passages of the whole body by Emeticks and Catharticks.

The purified oyl expressed out of the kernels of the berries, is com∣mended in strong and lusty bodies, one dram or a dram and an half thereof, being taken in the broth of flesh; for it gently moveth Vomi∣ting and loosneth the Belly.

The oyl made of the infused flowers and bark of the Elder, from one ounce to three, provokes Vomit, and purgeth the Belly; the same a∣lone or in a decoction may be given in a Glister.

In young ones, the syrrup of the juice of the berries, of the buds or bark, sufficeth. There are some which testifie, and call experience to witness, that if the middle bark of Elder be pulled downward from the tree, it purgeth the body downwards, but if they be pulled upward it worketh by Vomit.

In such Feavers which are lengthened from the stopping or fullness of the Meseraick Veins, and from the grosseness and toughness of the humor, Oxymel Sambucinum, dissolved in the distilled water of the flo∣wers

or Barly-water, and dayly on the intermitting dayes drank an hour or two before supper is commended: the Crystallized salt of the Elder, taken from half a scruple to a whole one, is profitable, also six drops, of the Spirit of the fame, taken in the broth of flesh; all these do powerfully open obstructions, and cut asunder the grossenesse and roughnesse of the humor; they cleanse the Bowells and Vessels, and both by Urine and Sweat dissipate the Feaverish matter. In the time of the Fit, give the patient a spoonful or a dram and a half of the oyle pressed out of the berries-kernells, in warm Ale: the rob of Elder in greatness of a Walnut, being mixed with half a dram of the powder of Carduus benedictus, and swallowed; and drinking Vinegar above it, and afterwards provoking sweat in bed, is a very good medi∣cine.

In continual and hot burning Feavers, where the heat is more in∣tense, and great drought tormenteth the Patient, make this Ju∣lap.

Take of Fountain or River-water three pounds, of Elder Vinegar three ounces, of the finest Sugar two ounces, let them boyl together a little in a fit Vessel; unto which being warm, add an ounce of Cinna∣mon in powder; let them cool of themselves in a close Vessel; and strain them for a Julap, of which give the Patient oft in a day: it extin∣guisheth the Feaverish heat, cuts the grosse and tough matter, cleanseth the thin and Bilous, opens obstructions; it purgeth the peccant hu∣mors; and by its acidity sharpneth the appetite and refresheth the strength.

Of Worms.

The Crystalline salt of the Elder, preserveth and freeth from Worms; it robs them of their nourishment, kills them and purgeth them out: the dose is from half a scruple to half a dram, or two scru∣ples; for those of riper years, you may prepare in the Spring time, a dish made of Elder-buds freed from their bitter nauseous tast, by the infusion of boyling water with Oyl, Salt, and Vinegar, which is to be used as a sallad before supper: That this sallad may be the more plea∣sant, you may add some tender leaves of Sorrel.

Briefly, whatsoever I have here said in relating the properties of the Elder; the Dwarff-Elder doth more strongly effect in opening and purging Choler, Flegm and Water, in helping the Gout, the Piles and Womens diseases, it coloureth the hair black, helpeth inflamations in the Eyes, and pains in the Eares, the biting or stinging of Venemous creatures or a mad Dog, the Burnings or Scaldings by fire or water, the Wind Chollick, the Chollick and Stone, difficulty of Urine, the cure of old sores and Fistulous Ulcers, the Dropsie and Gout, and all the other griefs before specified.

Notes

• Choler, Flegm
• Watry humors
• Vomit, Dropsie
• Viper, Adder
• Mad-dog, Mother,
• Courses Hair made black, Eyes in∣flamed, Burning
• Burning
• Sealding, Fistu∣la's, Ʋlcers
• Gout, Brain
• Eares pained
• Provoke Ʋrine to make lean
• Wind, Chollick
• Dropsie humors
• Sunburning
• Freckles
• Morphew
• Head-ach
• Stomack
• Flegm, hot
• Aposthumes
• Dropsie, Tym∣pany, Burning
• Scalding
• Gout
• Piles, Ʋlcers
• inflamed, blood
• Sore Legs, hot
• Fistulous Ʋlcers
• shotten Eyes
• Palsy, hands
• shaking
• Fistulous Ʋlcers
• Mizaldus
• Sore Throats pallat of the Mouth Head-ach
• Sleep
• Moles
• Stone,
• Stone, Gravel
• Stones swelled or hard
• Quinzy, Kings-Evil,
• Falling of the Fundament Courses, Dropsie
• Gout, Joint-aches
• Sciatica
• French-Pox
• Agues
• Outward pains
• Aches in Nerves
• Joints, Sinews
• Lamenesse
• Obstructions
• hardnesse Spleen
• Fleas, Flies
• Wasps, Cold,
• Cough, Breast
• Choler, Flegm
• Water, Gout
• Piles
• Womens courses hair, Eyes, ears
• Serpents, Mad-dog, Burning
• Scaldings
• Wind Cholick and Stone
• Ʋlcers