Pharmacopœia Bateana, or, Bate's dispensatory translated from the second edition of the Latin copy, published by Mr. James Shipton : containing his choice and select recipe's, their names, compositions, preparations, vertues, uses, and doses, as they are applicable to the whole practice of physick and chyrurgery : the Arcana Goddardiana, and their recipe's intersperst in their proper places, which are almost all wanting in the Latin copy : compleated with above five hundred chymical processes, and their explications at large, various observations thereon, and a rationale upon each process : to which are added in this English edition, Goddard's drops, Russel's pouder [sic], and the Emplastrum febrifugum, those so much fam'd in the world : as also several other preparations from the Collectanea chymica, and other good authors / by William Salmon ...

XXXIX. Sal seu Saccharum Saturni; Salt or Sugar of Saturn.

Salmon.] § 1. Lemery makes it thus, ℞ Ceruse lbiij. or iv. pouder it finely and put it in∣to a large Earthen or Glass Vessel: affuse thereon Spirit of Vinegar, so much as to overtop it four Inches: digest in a gentle Sand heat for three days, shaking the Matter often: let it settle, and decant the clear Tincture; upon the remainder affuse new Spirit of Vinegar, di∣gesting and proceeding as before, thus continuing the affusion of new Spirit, till you have dis∣solved about the one half of the Ceruse. Mix all these Tinctures together in an Ear∣then or Glass Vessel: evaporate with a gentle Sand-heat about two thirds of the Moisture, or till a Pellicle comes over it,

and then set it in a cool Cellar to crystallize: decant the Li∣quor from the Crystals or Salt, evaporate again to a Pellicle, and set it to crystallize again, thus continuing till you have obtained all your Salt, which dry in the Sun or otherwise, and keep it in a Glass for use.

§ 2. The Colledge makes it with Minium or Red-Lead, as you may see in our Pharm. Lond. Lib. 3. Cap. 6. Sect. 3. others as Zwelfer and Marg∣grave make it with the grey∣ish Calx of Lead after the same manner. Beguinus makes it of Minium; so also Crolli∣us, and Rolfincius, which two latter make it also of Ceruse: but Zwelfer in his Mantissa Hermetica paginâ meâ 458. saith, that it is not made only of the Calx of Lead, but also from Plates and granulated Lead, as well as from Ceruse▪ Litharge, and Minium: not∣withstanding (saith he) it is made more pure▪ from one than from another, and by the help of Spirit of Vinegar, or some other acid Liquor drawn forth, according to the Method before directed. But Thibaut and Maets make it of Litharge only: Le Fe∣bure makes it of a Mixture of equal parts of Minium and Litharge: Schroder out of the Calx of Lead, or Red-Lead: Le Mort and Charras (as Lemery) out of the Ce∣ruse.

§ 3. Thus you may see, Quot homines tot capita, and every Man thinks his own way best; but he that has tryed all of them can best tell: for my part I should ra∣ther chuse Ceruse or White-Lead, than my of the other, for the Preparation thereof; for it appears to me to be more open, and easier to dis∣solve than the rest, by rea∣son of the Vinegar with which it is already-impreg∣nated: and this seems to me to be reasonable, because I can with more ease make a greater quantity of Sal or Saccharum out of that, than I can out of any of the o∣ther; yea with a very little labour more than ordinary, the whole body of the Lead will turn to a Saccharum, whereas the other Prepara∣tions of Lead, yield it slow∣ly, and with much difficulty, nor can be totally dissolved without a vast labour.

§ 4. If you would have the Sal or Saccharum very white, you must dissolve it again in equal quantities of Spirit of Vinegar, and com∣mon Water, then filter and crystallize again, as before;

which purification you may repeat three or four times, as you see need requires it.

§ 5. This Salt is called Saccharum or Sugar, by rea∣son of its sweetness, which proceeds from the sulphurous Particles of the Lead, joyn∣ed with the Salt of the Vine∣gar, whence results that de∣lightful taste, which so ad∣mirably affects the Nerves of the Tongue in tasting it.

§ 6. This is not to be sup∣posed to be a true Salt of Lead, but only a dissolution of its Substance by▪ Acids, which so closely unite with it, as to give it the form of a Salt: for if by distillation, you abstract the Humidity of the dissolution, you will find nothing but an insipid Flegm to come off, deprived of all its Acidity, which shews that the acid Salt is actually joyned with the Particles of the Lead.

§ 7. The Ebullition in the making of it from Ceruse a∣rises from the violent Pene∣tration of the Acids, which with violence separate the Plumbouse Particles; but if they be affused on any other Preparation of Lead, the E∣bullition is very much strong∣er; because when the Acid meets with a Body not so o∣pen as Ceruse is, it must use a greater power to enter in∣to it, and so consequently raise a greater Effervescen∣cy.

§ 8. But in all these Ebul∣litions or Effervescencies (as well as in many others) the least degree of heat is not perceived, but rather (as some think) the Cold is much in∣created.

§ 9. Vinegar impregnated with this Salt, being ground with Oil of Roses, or some other Oil, in a Mortar, makes an Ointment called Nutri∣tum, or Butter of Saturn, which is good for Burnings, Scaldings, Tettars, Ring-worms, and other Defedati∣ons of the Skin.

§ 10. This Salt of Saturn powerfully absorbs Acids, and therefore it is said to be good for Diarrhaea's, Dysen∣teries, and Lienteriaes, as also Fluxes of the Haemor∣rhoides and Menses, which are all caused by sharp and corrosive Salts falling into the Vessels, or upon those parts.

§ 11. And indeed it is good for any Disease proceeding from sharp Humors, because it blunts or dulls their Points, and asswages them, taking away their keenness.

§ 12. Taken inwardly it is said to be very good for the Quinsey and Pleurisie, and the aforenamed Diseases at § 10. above, because they mostly proceed from a Saline, or acid Serosity, which fall∣ing too abundantly upon any of those parts, raises a fer∣mentation which dilutes the Fibres of the Muscles, causing Inflamation of the Throat, &c. as is seen in a Quinsey, &c. or a corrosion of the Tunicles and Membranes of the Ves∣sels Dose, à gr. ij. ad iv. or vj. in Wine or Water; and in Plantain-water for Gargles.

§ 13. Mixt with Water, it makes that Preparation cal∣led Lac Virginis, or Virgins Milk, and is used in that manner, or mixt with Poma∣tums against Inflamations, Burnings, Scaldings, Tettars. Ring-worms, Herpes, and other Diseases of the Skin.

§ 14. If Sal Saturni be mixt with Sal Tartari and put into a Crucible over a melting Fire, the Acid of the Spirit of Vinegar will quit the Lead, and unite with the Salt of Tartar, whereby the Salt is reduced to what it was before, to wit, Ceruse or Calx.

§ 15. Some who are afraid of the Coldness of this Salt, and the Acrimony of the Spi∣rit of Vinegar, impregnate it with the Heat and Sulphur of S. V. well rectified, so much as to overtop it four Inches, digesting it three or four days, then abstracting the S. V. drying die Salt and keeping it for use.

§ 16. Taken inwardly, it not only takes away Inflama∣tions and Heats of Fevers, but abates Lusts and Venereal Desires; it dissolves also hard and scirrhous Tumors, ab∣sorbs the Acidities of Cance∣rous Humors, and dissipates Contusions, stops Fluxes of all sorts, and is prevalent against the Gonorrhoea in Men, and the Whites in Wo∣men.

§ 17. It may be also used in an Injection for a Gonor∣rhoea, &c. as also for Ulcers of the Bladder, Womb, and their Passages; and is ex∣celent in Gargarisms for most Diseases of the Mouth, and Throat, &c. which are caused by fixt or volatile Salts; these are mortified, by the Acid of the Vinegar, ••ssisted by the cold Quality of the Lead.

§ 18. And this is so much the more reasonable to believe, because we find by Experi∣ence that Sal Prunellae, Spirits of Salt, Sulphur and Vitriol,

and all sorts of Acids, even simple Vinegar it self, are very good for these kind of Diseases, which are irritated by the use of all other Salts of what kind soever, whe∣ther fixt or volatile.

§ 19. Made into a Colly∣rium with some proper Wa∣ter or common Spirit of Wine, it stops Fluxes of Hu∣mors into the Eyes, cools In∣flamations in them, and dis∣solves Pearls, and consumes the Pin and Web, or Films, at the beginning; a Scruple or two, being dissolved in five Ounces of common S. V. or Brandy, or in as much Ce∣landine-water, augmenting the quantity of the Salt-as you see occasion.

§ 20. Crollius says, that Saccharum Saturni makes all sublimate, and corrosive Mercuries sweet, and unhurt∣ful; therefore in corrosive Ulcers, which arise from ve∣nene and malign Salts it is an excellent Medicament. And as in Vegetables common Sugar tempers and corrects their Acrimony and Bitter∣ness; so this Sugar of Saturn mitigates and amends Mine∣rals, and Mercurial Arsenicks, both in the greater and lesser World.

§ 21. It is says he, good against Putrefaction, sore Mouths, malign, corroding and cancerous Ulcers, Tet∣tars, Ring-worms, red Pim∣ples in the Face, inflamed Tumors, and such other like Saturnian Evils: It cleanses old Ulcers, Apostems, and running Sores, and is a singu∣lar Arcanum against an Ery∣sipelas, and such like, by dis∣solving it in Plantane or Nightshade Water, and wash∣ing therewith, Linnen Cloths dipt in the same being also laid thereon.

§ 22. Mixt with Oil of Camomil and applied, it dis∣cusses Tumors: mixt with Oil of Turpentine it cures all Ulcers, Wounds, and contracted Members, being constantly for some time a∣nointed therewith.

§ 23. It prevails against Cancers and Fistula's, all sorts of Ulcers in Womens Breasts, and all Aches and Pains in the Members, being outwardly applied; and takes away all Inflamations to a Miracle. It may be mixed with Emplaisters, Ointments, Balsams and Oils, or be dis∣solved per se in appropriated Waters and applied.

§ 24. It gives ease in the Cholick, some Grains of it being given in White-wine, and in all internal Inflamati∣ons and Heats, it is of extra∣ordinary

use. It prevails a∣gainst Quartan Agues, as al∣so against disaffections of the Spleen, and Pains of the Hy∣pochonders: Spirit of Wine may be affused thereon, which will extract its Vertue; this essentificated Spirit may be given instead of the Salt or Saccharum against all the Di∣seases aforementioned.