Observations, naturall and morall with a short treatise of the numbers, weights, and measures used by the Hebrews, with the valuation of them according to the measures of the Greeks and Romans : for the clearing of sundry places of Scripture in which these weights and measures are set downe by way of allusion / by Iohn Weemse ...

Of Liquid Measures.

THe greatest measure for wet among the Hebrewes is called Corus, and the least a Log: but among the Romans Amphor•• was the greatest, and the least coch∣lear.

Mensura Liquidorum.

Heb.	Grac.	Rom.
〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉	〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉	hydria.
〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉	〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉	amphora.
		urna.
〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉
〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉	〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉	congius.
〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉	...sextariue ...as ...pondo ...libra ...hin ...solidus ...centum ...an••••s haereditas, &c.	every one of these is devided in twelve parts. ...deunx ...dextans ...dodrans ...bes ...septunx ...semis ...quincunx ...quadrans ...triens ...sextans ...uncia.
〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉		quartarius
〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉	...〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 ...〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉	...hemina. ...acetabalum. ...scutella. ...catinus. ...cochlear.

Bath was the tenth part of a chomer, all one with the Greeke Hydria, and equall with the Epha, 2 King 12.11. They gave the money according to number and measure: as they weighed the money to see if it were weight; so they weighed the bath by weighing the corne and wine to see if it was a true measure.

There were two sort of baths, as there was two sorts of Epha's and sheckles, the one was the double of the other, 1 Kings 7.26. The brazen sea contained two thou∣sand baths, this is the great bath; but 2 Chron. 4. it contai∣ned three thousand baths; that is, of lesser or halfe baths.

Vrna was the halfe of the Amphora, which served for many uses, as the keeping of their oyle, the Ashes of the dead, and the casting in of Lots, Hest. 3.7. for there a Lot is deduced from the word pur which signifieth to fall, so called because the lot was cast in, and fell downe in it: but Esay. 63.3. it is called a barrell or a Vessell, in which they did cast the wine to bee troaden. The He∣brewes put bosome or lappe in place of Vrna. Prov. 16. the lot is cast [bachek] in the bosome or lappe, but the whole disposing thereof is from the Lord, that is, They cast in the names of men that are to bee chosen, in urnam; but that the lot falleth upon this or that particular man, it cōmeth from Gods immediate providence, as in the e∣lection of Matthias, Act. 1.26. It is a cōparison borrow∣ed from the bosome of a man w^ch is the fore part of his body, and it is transferred to signifie the inward part, or hollownesse of any thing: wherefore in this place, Prov. 16.33. it is not to bee taken for the bosome of a man properly, but for the inward part of the Vessell, and e∣specially for urna wherein they did cast their lots.

Hin was halfe an Vrna, it contained twelve, L••gs or sextaries; halfe a hin was sixe Loge, and the fourth part of a hin was three logs; for a hin was divided into twelve parts, as Exod. 30.24. a hin of oyle Olive was mixed with the ingredients of the holy oyle: Num. 15.9. the meate offering of a bullocke sacrificed should have halfe an hin of oyle; and verse 6. a Ramme the third part of an hin, and verse 4. a Lambe the fourth part of an hin of oyle: and Ezek. 4.11. Thou shalt drinke the

sixt part of an hin of water, that is, two logs, or as much as twelve egges will containe.

〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 amongst the Greeks and Congius amongst the Latines, were the halfe of the hin.

Log was the twelfth part of a hin, and contained so much as sixe egges doe containe, it was equall with the Roman Sextarie, Levit. 14.12. And the Priest shall take a hee lambe and the Log of oyle: this Log was also divided in twelve parts, the halfe whereof was called by the Greeks 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 and 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 , and by the Latines Scutella and hemina. This halfe Log contained sixe cyathus, so that every cyathus was halfe an egge or an ounce; and the Latines gave every one of them a severall name begin∣ning at the lowest, and going upward thus: Cyathus or vncia, sextans, quadrans, triens, hence Psal. 75.9. a triental cuppe, quincunx, semis septunx, bes, dodrans, dextans, deunx Lob or sextarius. So that amongst the Romans who bor∣rowed it from the Grecians, and they from the He∣brewes, every whole thing was divided in twelve parts, as centesima usura was the twelfth part of a hundreth. As was devided in twelve ounces, as heres ex asse is to bee heire of all, & heres, 〈◊〉〈◊〉 uncia is to be heire of the twelfth pare.

Againe the Hebrewes devided a Log in foure rebbi∣guith or quartarius, every one of which contained in measure an egge and a halfe 2 King. 6.25. the halfe of quartarius was acetabulum, so called from acerra the hollow where the thigh bone turneth, and the He∣brewes call it caph, hence it is transferred to signifie a salser. Num. 7.14. it is called a spoone, the Princes dedicate twelve spoones of gold, every one weighed ten shekels of gold, that is five ounces the Greekes called it 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 or 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, and the Latines acetabulum scu••••ssa, catin••••, Mat, 2••.23. he that dippeth with me [in catino or 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 ] in the dish or salser.

The Romans divided their ounce thus, the halfe of it they call duella, the halfe of duella is Sin••••••••, the halfe of this sextula; the halfe of sextula, drac••••••••, the halfe of this scrupul••••, the halfe of scrupul•••• abolus, the halfe of this siligna or ceration, and the halfe of Ceration lens, spelta or lupina; and this is the smallest measure that can be.

Notes

• Bath what.
• Two sorts of baths.
• Vrna what.
• The use of the Vrna. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉
• 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 in sinum.
• The manner how they cast their lots.
• 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 The Hin what.
• 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 .
• 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 Log what.
• The Log divided into twelve parts.
• Amongst the ••omans every whole thing was divided into twelve parts.
• K. Da. Kimchi.
• How the Hebrewes di∣vided the Log. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉
• How the Roman•••• d••••∣ded their ounce.