The first and seconde partes of the herbal of William Turner Doctor in Phisick, lately ouersene, corrected and enlarged with the thirde parte, lately gathered, and nowe set oute with the names of the herbes, in Greke Latin, English, Duche, Frenche, and in the apothecaries and herbaries Latin, with the properties, degrees, and naturall places of the same. Here vnto is ioyned also a booke of the bath of Baeth in England, and of the vertues of the same with diuerse other bathes, moste holsom and effectuall, both in Almanye and England, set furth by William Turner Doctor in Phisick. God saue the Quene

Out of Mesue.

THe rose is colde in the fyrste degre / and drye in the seconde / and is compounded / and made of two diuers / and separable substances of a watery / whyche is measurable / & of an erthly bynding / geuing vnto it much matter / but of an aerish swete and spicye / and fyrye and fyne / of whych commeth the bitter∣nes / the leaues the perfection and the form or beautye. But y^e powre of the fyrie substance whych hath driuen in the beautye the rednes / is stronger then it that brought in the bitternes / and for this cause with on∣ly dryinge: this propertye is loste / which the other abyde still / whych if they perishe / it shall be nomore a rose / then a dede man / is a man / yet the grene roses are more bitter then binding / & by the reason of this bitternes / grene or moyste roses purge / and that cheflye with theyr iuice / but when they are dryed / the heat beyng resolued / whiche maketh the bitternes / they shewe a substance binding or drawing together. The iuyce of rosens is hote almost in the fyrste degre / because it is syfted and sondred from the earthly & colde substance / it purgeth and resolueth / openeth / and scoureth / but the drye rose is colder and more binding / & that yet more whiche was not yet fullye gro∣wen: and the whyte more / then the rede: the rose also resolueth and quen∣cheth out hote distemperatures / and strengtheneth and bindinge together the partes / and doth it most with the sede and litle heyres that are founde in the middes of the sede vesselles: When as there are rede roses and whyt / and of both the kindes / som haue manye leaues / and som fewe / & som haue playne leaues / & som haue curbed / in both the kindes / that is better whose natural color is perfitter / and hath fewer leaues and playner. The whyte roses purge nothynge at all / or ellis verye litle / but they binde & strenghten more then the rede do. The iuice of them that are full rype / are better / and so is the water better wherein the rype roses are steped in. It scoureth the blood of the veynes and arteries / from yelow choler of galle / it is good for the iaundes / for it openeth and scoureth awaye the stoppinges of the sto∣mack and lyuer / it streinghteneth the hart and stomack / and healeth y^e trim¦bling of the hart: the cause beyng emptied out before. It is good for chole∣rick agewes: Rose oyle conforteth the same partes / that the stilled water of roses doth / they streingth the louse substance in driuing them together / and fortifye the holding poure / they put out all hote burninge / and staunche the ache that commeth thereof / they make a man slepe / but they prouoke a man to nese / and stere a man to the pose / and they are euell for rheumatike per∣son••s / they fasten the vuula and the throppel or throte / and strenghten thē / and take dronkennes away. The rose seyng that it is a gētle medicine / but weyke in purging / it hath nede of helper as whay / hony: for an vnce of the iuice of roses / with two or thre vnces of whay / with a litle spicknarde / doth

purge well / the leaues of roses infused in whay and pressed out with honye purge also without any grefe.

The syrop of the iuyce of roses / and of roses themselues doth purge also gently: Roses condited in honye / scour / purge and strengthen: but condited with sugar / they scoure lesse / but they strengthen more. The water wherein roses haue ben infused / clengeth / scoureth and purgeth. And distilled water strenghteneth / but it purgeth not / for the purging and scouringe vertue / be∣cause the subtil heat of it / is dissolued awaye with the fyre. Vinegre of roses staunche all kindes of inflammaciones and hote burninges / it cutteth in sonder / and scoureth and conforteth or strenghteneth. The roses speciallye beynge freshe / can abyde no sething: for theyr purging and scouringe vertue is dryuen awaye by the fyre: the iuyce of roses by measurable sethynge / is made more fyner / and scoureth more myghtely. Oyl that is made of vnrype oliues / set in the son wyth vnripe leaues of roses / doth myghtely resolue: the iuyce of roses is gyuen from an vnce vnto ij: the syrop wyth the iuyce of them is taken from two vnces vnto fyue.