Purchas his pilgrimes. part 4 In fiue bookes. The first, contayning the voyages and peregrinations made by ancient kings, patriarkes, apostles, philosophers, and others, to and thorow the remoter parts of the knowne world: enquiries also of languages and religions, especially of the moderne diuersified professions of Christianitie. The second, a description of all the circum-nauigations of the globe. The third, nauigations and voyages of English-men, alongst the coasts of Africa ... The fourth, English voyages beyond the East Indies, to the ilands of Iapan, China, Cauchinchina, the Philippinæ with others ... The fifth, nauigations, voyages, traffiques, discoueries, of the English nation in the easterne parts of the world ... The first part.

§. V.

The description of diuers Riuers, Ports, Harbours, Ilands of Brasil: for instruction of Nauigators.

RIo Grande, is called by vs the great Riuer, lately was conquered by a Portugall, called Manuell Masquarenhas. It is aboue two leagues broad in the mouth, and on the South-east side standeth a great Fort made by the foresaid Manuell Masquarenhas: that Coun∣trie is plaine and sandy in many places, especially neere the Sea, and yeeldeth Sugar Canes in [ 50] abundance. On the coast are many great Bayes, where the Indians doe oftentimes finde great store of Ambergreese: within this place, there is also store of Wood, Pepper, Ginger, and Waxe. Here inhabit a kinde of Canibals, called Petywares: these Canibals haue had trafficke a long time with France, and amongst them there are many that can speake French, which are Bastards, be∣gotten of Frenchmen.

On the coast of Brasil there are three Riuers of Paraeyua: one is this that lieth next to Rio Gande, the other is a great Riuer that runneth through the Countrie almost as farre as Lymo, and commeth out betweene Cape Frio and Spirito Sancto: the third is a faire Riuer that lieth be∣tweene the Riuer of Plate and Saint Vincents. This Pareyua whereof we speake, is a faire great [ 60] Bay, where shipping being neuer so great may enter, within this Bay vpon a hill, you shall see a faire Citie, and on the Sea side standeth two small Forts. You may anker neere the shoare, at the entrie of this Bay, you shall see three hils of red earth on either side of the harbour, which the Portugals call Barer as Mermeth••es.

Guyana, is a small Riuer that lieth by Paracua, it belongeth to Iasper Desiquerd, who was chiefe Iustice of all Brasil. In the mouth of this Riuer standeth a great rocke, which is continu∣ally couered with Sea Foules. This Riuer hath two fadome water in the mouth, a quarter of a mile within this Riuer, on the South-west side, you may take fresh water, and great store of Cattell: vpon this Riuer there are great store of Sugar Mils, and continually you shall haue in this Riuer small Caruels that fish, and carry Sugar from thence to Fernambuquo: likewise here is great store of Brasil, Pepper, Ginger, and Cotten, Cocos, Indian Nuts, here likewise inhabit Pe∣tywares.

Etamariqua in the Indian language is a bed, it is a point of the land like a Cape: the point runneth halfe a mile into the Sea, and vpon it the Portugals haue built a Towne, you may anker [ 10] very neere the shoare, both on the South-west and on the North-east side of the Towne, in seuen and eight fadome water. All the Countrie till you come to Cape Augustin, is low land, and to saile from thence to Fernambuquo is no danger, but the clifts which lye along the coast, as farre as the Riuer Saint Francis, which are alwayes seene, the Seas when there are any Spring tides, doe ouerflow the land behinde: moreouer if any winde blow from the East, it beateth the Sea into hils of the Clifts, that it maketh a great noise. Wherefore the Indians call it the Land of the Bell. Here are reasonable store of Sugars, and great store of Coco Nuts.

On the North side of Fernambuquo, you shall see white Downes, and when you are past all the Downes on the South, you are by Capignramirinij, which is a place where alwaies you shall see Fisher-men in small Boates or Iangades; and from thence to Fernambuquo, are fiue or six miles, [ 20] and so if you be vnder 8. degrees, you shall see a flat land euen and bare, called Capituya; then you must take heede you runne not Southward, for then you runne vpon a point of the land, called by the Portugals Punto de Olynda, which is foure leagues from the Cape, and stretcheth into the Sea as farre as Cape Augustin. As soone as you haue doubled this point, you must take heede you put not in with the Towne of Olynda, which you shall see; for if you doe, you will runne vpon the Sands, called by the Portugals Bayhos de S. Antonio, which lye at least foure or fiue miles into the Sea, being neere the shoare, you shall see the Shippes that lye at anker ouer the Clifts, called by the Portugals Arecias: this place is a league from Fernambuquo, being the harbour where all the Shipping that goes from Fernambuquo doe arriue: from this place to the Cape you shall see the Clifts, as if it were a wall made by Bricklayers, no higher in one place then in another, but all [ 30] euen. The Towne of Fernambuquo is scituated vpon a hill, and very strongly entrenched round about, on the Sea side euery twelue score, standeth a small Fort or defence for Soldiers, with foure cast Peeces, and so they scowre all the shoare from the Arecias, where the Shippes lye to the point of Olynda, which is the farthest part of the Towne Northwards, from the Arecias where the Ships lye commeth a Riuer through the land, a Harquebusse shot from the Sea coast, and runneth right behinde the Towne from the South to the West and East, which maketh the Towne almost an Iland, all but a little part of the North side.

The Cape of Saint Augustin is a Point of land that runneth into the Sea two or three miles: from the Sea you shall see three hils, called by the Petiwares, Aquare Wason Remitum, they will seeme vnto you like the backe of a Camell, and now you may easily know it, for you may see [ 40] a Church that the Portugals haue built; and halfe a league towards the South, you shall see the I∣land of Saint Aleyxo.

The Iland of Saint Aleyxo is long and narrow: it lieth within a league of the shore, and stretcheth North-east and South-west, you may anker betweene the shoare and it all weathers, for the Iland hath very faire Baies, where you may lye in ten or twelue fadome water. Vpon this Iland you may take wood or fresh water.

Porto Docalno lyeth Southward of the Iland of Saint Alyyxo, it is a flat land, you neede not feare the comming in by the rockes, for hard by them you shall haue foureteene fathome weater. Here you shall haue great store of Cattell, and Sugars. This Countrie is plaine low land, and all planted with Sugar Canes: you shall know this harbor very easily from the Southerne point of [ 50] the Iland Saint Aleyxo, for when it ebbeth, you shall see a faire Bay, and all the shore bare almost to the Cape, being blacke ground.

Eight leagues Southward from the Porto de calno, is the Riuer of stones. Southward of it you shall see three great red Hills, which stand ouer the Riuer of Camarysu••a, which is a league from this Riuer, you shall see from Sea a great Bay run within the Land, and before the mouth of it many great Rocks, to come to this Bay you must come close to the shoare on the South-west side, and after you bee in the Bay keepe full West, and it will bring you to a Riuer that runneth into the Land at the least twentie leagues. In the mouth of this Riuer dwell sixe or seuen Portugals, that keepe Cattell for Iohn Pays, but they are of no strength. Here you may take water at plea∣sure, and alwayes in those houses, that stand in the mouth of the Riuer, you shall haue good store [ 60] of Cassaui meale. If you be of any strength, that you dare goe ten or twelue miles vp the Riuer you shall take good store of Sugars, for there standeth three or foure Sugar mills onely, an other on the Riuer side; likewise here is good store of Brasill, and Pepper, Cotton, and many o∣ther merchandise.

Camaryi•••••• (as I haue said) lyeth a league Southward from the Riuer of stones, to know it you shall see three Hills of red ground, called by the Portugals, Bare••s Vernellios, this place is not inhabited: the mouth of this place is narrow, and hath not aboue fiue foot water, but you may anchor in the Bay hard by the Riuer, and send your Boat safely for fresh water without danger, or to fish with your Net, for there is great store of fresh fish of all kindes.

The Riuer of Saint Antonio lyeth seuen leagues from Camaryi••••a, it is a faire great Riuer, ly∣eth some fiftie leagues within the Land, hath foure fathom water at the comming in, but is so narrow that no ship can come in. It is a very good place for you if you stand in neede (hauing salt) to make your prouision, for there you shall haue great store of all kinde of fish, especially of a kinde of fish, called by the Indians, Vara••••, which is as bigge as an Oxe. After you are within [ 10] this Riuer, you shall haue high land on both sides, and you must be carefull and keep good watch, for vp this Riuer dwelleth a kinde of people, called Caray••••, these people if they see you vnpro∣uided will fight with you, but if they see you able to defend your selues, then will they bring such things as they haue to traffick.

The Harbour of French-men, called by the Indians, A〈…〉〈…〉 pi••s••••e, lyeth two leagues South∣ward from the Riuer of Saint Antonio. It is a small Bay, that may be knowne by a high Hill that standeth ouer it, which is all full of Brasill trees. To enter into this Harbour, you must marke the Cliffes, and when you are to the North of them all but one, you may safely come within a stones cast to the shoare. When you haue landed if you want fresh water, you must seeke on the South side of the Hill, and you shall finde a streame that runneth out of the Hill into a great Ci∣sterne [ 20] of stone, which is made out of a Rocke, you cannot misse of this place if you seeke for it, for all the way you shall see small Rocks, and mens names written in them.

This Riuer in our language is called the Riuer of Crocodiles, for in it there are many, which the Indians call Faquares; it is narrow, and in the mouth of it standeth a white Rocke. To enter it you must take heed you keepe on the North side of this Rocke, and you shall finde nine and ten foot water; after you be within it you shall come to a great Bay, and on the North-east side you shall finde a small Riuer, where you may take fresh water, but let euery man take heed how hee leapeth into the water, for the Crocodiles lie by the banke-side hidden, and if any thing fall into the water presently they kill it. Here is nothing to bee had vnlesse you will fish for the Croco∣diles, and take the Bladders or Cods of muske from them: here you need not feare any Inhabi∣tants, [ 30] except you be espyed by some passengers that goe to Fer••ambuqu••.

Alaqua is a very faire Riuer, that lyeth foure leagues Northward from the Riuer of Saint Michael, and three leagues Southward from the afore said Riuer of Crocodiles. On either side of it you shall see a great Hill, called by the Portugals, Os Cai••••••. You shall finde but seuen or eight foot water at the comming, and very cleere from any Rocks, but after you bee within, you shall finde many bankes of sand, where you shall kill good store of fish, and alwayes you shall bee sure to haue Caruells fishing in this place, at the comming in on both sides you may take fresh water.

Before the Riuer of Saint Michael you shall see the Cliffes like Arecines of Fernambuquo; you must enter at the end of the Cliffe, hard by the shoare on the South-west: and you must marke a [ 40] small Cliffe that lyeth betweene the mouth of the Riuer and the shoare, this Cliffe you leaue be∣tweene you and the shoare, and betwixt this Cliffe and the great Rocks you may enter it; three fathom water. But take heed when you enter, that you saile not towards the North-east, al∣though you see the Bay great, for you shall run vpon many great bankes of sand, therefore you must keepe West still within a stones cast of the shoare, so shall you be sure to keepe in the Chan∣nell. Thus you must saile till you discouer a house, that you shall see doubling a Point full South from you, then your best is to anchor, for if you goe farther, you are in danger except you know the Channell very well. In this place dwels a Portugall, called Iohn de Rocho: and vp a Riuer that you shall see runne into the Land dwell many Portugals, where they haue a Church with Friars to say Masse. Here you shall haue good store of Cattell if you need, and Brasill wood, Cas∣saui [ 50] meale: and in this Riuer you shall haue good store of Oisters, and in them you shall find ma∣ny great Pearles: likewise here is good store of Balsom oile, and trees of All Nesico, which is a very precious and rich wood, singular good for bruises, or old hurts: also here is good store of Ta∣bacco. This place is eight leagues from the Riuer of Toades, where we were driuen on the Rocks, because we knew not where wee were, for it is a singular good Harbour to enter, if a man know the comming in betweene the Rocks, called, Os Bayos de Don Rodrigo.

Because the Indians indeed doe kill many Toades, therefore they call it Cororoen, that is to say, the Riuer, or water of Toades, I tell you the name in the Indian language. Because in all pla∣ces you shall haue of them, and so you may know when they tell you where you are. When you are in ten degrees and an halfe Southwards of the Equinoctiall Line, you shall see fiue hils and [ 60] the three that standeth on the North side of this place whereof wee speake are round and high, the other two that stand on the South, not farre in distance one from another, are long and lower then the other, if you come neere the shoare, you shall see a great many of small Rockes, and a great Bay which is the place I speake of, right before this Bay you shall see two great Rockes, to

goe into this Harbour, you must passe betweene these Rockes which are called Bayos de don Ro∣drigo, when you are ••ntred you may anchor hard by the Rockes, and sound the Channell, which will lye Nor••h-east from you. Here you may haue fresh water vp the Riuer, but it will be hard for you to find therefore your best is to goe a quarter of a mile by the Sea side, and you shall see a fa••re Riuer, where you may take water at pleasure, and kill good store of fish. At this place comming from the Riuer of Ienero, in the night we were driuen vpon the Rockes for want of a Pilot that knew the Coast.

I doe not set downe the places betweene this and the Cape Frio, because I know them not, but by report of other Trauellers, and therefore I leaue it to them, for I will write no more but what I haue seene, and am able to proue when time shall serue, and thus▪ I end shewing you all that I [ 10] haue seene on the Coast Northward of Cape Frio, which is in our Language Cape Cold.

Cape Frio is a point of the Land that runneth into the Sea at least twelue mile, it lyeth vnder 22. degrees. At this Cape you may haue sight of a great Mountaine, that you may see ouer it called Abausango Re••ambuera, here you may anchor on the East-side of this Cape in a Harbour called Aba••••a formozo. Here you may haue great store of Brassell-wood, and in this Bay you shall find oftentimes good store of Ambe••-greece, and on the North side of this Bay you shall see a great Riuer called vparason, where you may kill good store of many kinde of fishes, and in the mouth of this Riuer you shall haue great store of Corall, if you will dragge for it.

Saquarema is a Riuer, where the Frenchmen did traffique with the Canibals called Tamoyes; it floweth foure leagues Southward from the Cape. This Riuer is n••rrow at the comming in, you [ 20] shall find twelue foote water, till you be three or foure leagues vp the Riuer. You shall find fresh water on either side of the Riuer, and great store of Brassell-wood, all along the Riuer side. On the South side of this Riuer you shall ••ee a great hill which the Indians call Boype••a, that is, The rotten Whale, for you shall see the top of it like a dead Whale. If you want refreshing, you may haue good store of Potato Roots there, Plantons, Lemons, Orenges, and many other good Roots as bigge as great Tu••nips, which the Indians call Carauasou.

Etioca is a league Southward of the Riuer of Saquarema, It is (as I haue said in the descripti∣on of my trauell) a great and huge Rocke, hollow within, where the Indians say that the seruant of God did preach vnto them, which they call Topa••uayaper••, before the mouth of this Rocke to∣wardes the Sea standeth another flat Rocke, that reacheth somewhat into the Sea; vpon it [ 30] you shall see the prints of bare feet, here if you fish with Lines, you may quickly lade your shippe. A little behind this stone house, you shall see a fine Riuer of water, where you shall finde many pretie greene stones that Indians doe vse to weare in their lips. You may anchor within a Musket sho•• of the shore, but it is verie dangerous if the wind be in the East.

Piratening•• is fiue leagues to the Southward of Etioca, right before it standeth a small Iland, it is inhabited by the Portug••ls, It is a Bay that runneth betweene two Mountaines a mile and more within the Land. There I haue seene a Mermaid and many other strange fishes. You may lie with your shipping at the Iland, and send your Boates ashore, where you shall find great store of Cattle; and you may take good 〈…〉〈…〉ore of all kind of fishes i•• you will, either with Hook or Net. Here you may haue Oranges, Lemmons, and Cassaui Meale, and all other such things that the [ 40] Countrey yeeldeth, but you must be alwaies sure to keepe good watch, for feare of the Portugals of the Riuer of Ianuary, which are hard by you.

The Riuer of Ianuary lieth three leagues from Pirate••inga, it is a great Arme of the Sea, that runneth into the Land at the least fourteene miles; on the mouth of this place, stand foure Ilands, and now the best marke that it hath to be knowne, is a Fort that standeth on the North side of the comming in of the Harbour, vpon a Rock. On the South side standeth a Hill that reacheth into the Sea, which the Portugals call C••••o, that is, The top of a ship, for it seemeth like the maine top-saile of a ship from Sea. Hard by the Sea side on the foote of this Hill on the North side of the Hill as you saile into the Harbour; standeth a Rocke of great height made like a Sugar-loafe, and is called by the Portugals the Sugar-loafe. In the midst of the going in, in the mouth [ 50] of this Riuer lieth a Rocke plainly to bee seene, to goe in you must keepe betweene the Rocke and the Fort, that standeth on the North side of you. When you are entred the mouth of the Riuer and are past the Fort, you shall see an Iland lie right before you, and euen with a Church cal∣led Santa Lucia, this Iland is called the Iland of Brigalion. You must be sure to passe on the North side of this Iland, and assoone as you haue passed it, you shall see all the Citie both on the Hill, and on ••he Sea side. Then you must take heed that you goe not right to the Towne, for you shall run vpon certaine shelues of sand, that lie right before the Towne all along to a small Iland called the Iland of Saint Bent, this Iland l••eth a quarter of a mile from the Iland of Bragalion, and East∣ward of this Iland of Saint Bent, standeth a great Rocke, you may saile betweene the Rocke and the Iland, and assoone as you haue entred, betweene them you may anchor hard by the Iland, and [ 60] then you shall see a Church standing vpon a Hill which is called Saint Bent, then you need not feare to goe right before the Towne, within a Caleeuer shot of the shore from the Towne, you shal see on the North-east shore a towne of Canibals, called Saint Lorenzo, which is in peace with the Portugals, and within the Bay you shall finde many Riuers and Sugar-mils, where there is great profit to be made.

Waratiua lieth three leagues from the Riuer of Ianuary, you may know it by two Ilands that lie right before the mouth of the aforesaid Riuer. At the mouth of the Riuer likewise standeth a high Hill, and on either side both on the South-west and North-east is low Land, in this place you cannot enter with any ship, but you may anchor betweene the Ilands, and send your Boats ashore. If you goe vp, you shall find good store of Potatoe Roots, Plantons, great store of Oran∣ges and Lemmons, and many other kind of f••uits, which are very good to releeue sicke men. If you will fish with you•• Net, heere you shall kill all kinde of good fishes, but alwayes bee sure to keepe good watch, for the Portugals are very neere you.

From the Riuer of Warati•••• for the space of foure leagues is all s••ndy low Land, you shall see a high Hill which the India••s call M••rambayap••••••, that is in our Language, the end of Warre; right ouer against this point you shall see a great Iland at the comming in of this Harbour, you [ 10] need not feare, for hard by the shore, you shall haue tw••nt•••• fathome wate••. When you are in the mouth of this Harbour right before, you shall see a whi••e Rocke, which will lie full West from you: you must leaue the Iland Southward from you, then shall you descrie another great Iland called Ep••oya; at a point of this Iland that lieth full West, towards the firme Land, you shall see two small Ilands, and when you are right against those two Ilands you shall see a faire Bay, where you may anchor at pleasure to come into this Bay, you must enter between those two Ilands that I haue spoken of. I doe describe this Harbour vnto you aboue many good Harbours that you may find, because you may depart from hence with any wind, for the mouth of Marambaya lieth So••th-ea•••• ••rom you, when you are in this Harbour, then you haue another going out that lieth North-east from you, from this Port where you shall anchor called Epeoya. If you want victuals [ 20] for your ships, you may take your Boat or your P••nn••sse, and goe out betweene the two Ilands that you entred, and when you are betweene those Ilands you shall see a flat broad Iland, which will lye f••••t South-west from you; this Iland the Indians called S••peawera; that is, the morning, and this is the Iland that I was driuen vpon, when I runne away to Master Hawkins, as I haue told you in the discourse of my troubles, you must come with your Boat to this Iland, and you must be sure to passe betweene the West shore and the Iland; and assoone as you haue passed the point of this Iland, you shall see three Hils of red Earth one hard by another. You must leaue one of them West from you, then may you land your men at pleasure, when you haue landed, you must goe through a little Copps, for the sp••••e of a Harquebusse shot, then shall you come into a [ 30] faire Lawne, where you shall find great store of Cattle, and a house or two that standeth vpon a Hi••l where you shall haue alwayes good store of C••ssa••i meale, if you will haue Rootes and Planton•• vpon the Iland where you anchor there are good store, but there is an Iland called the Long Iland, where you shall haue of all these things in abundance. To know this Hand, ••ow with your Boate to the Iland of Epeoya that lieth full South from your ship, and then you shall see a long Iland hard by the firme Land, which is this whereof wee speake, and because you shall bee sure not to misse it, be attentiue. When you come neere the shore, beholding a Rocke that lieth a quarter of a mile from the shore, vpon which Rocke standeth a Crosse, this is the place where a Portugall called Manuell Antones dwelleth, but now there is no bodie, but a kinde of Canibals that come and goe, therefore be sure alwaies in those parts to keepe good watch and be carefull; [ 40] if you can speake their language you may haue many things. From this Iland Southwards you shall see two small Ilands halfe a league from you, these Ilands are called Am••••buq••••••o, right against them lieth a faire Riuer, where you shall haue alwaies great store of fish, and by the Riuer side you shall see the Mandioca plainly, and many other Roots very good to refresh your compa∣nie. Southward from this place some two leagues you shall see a faire Bay called P••rat••••y there dwelleth a kind of Canibals called V••••••asses, of them you may buy skins of diuers wilde beasts, and sometimes they haue good store of Amber, which they call Pira p••ni•• ergaty.

Saint Sebastian lieth some three leagues from Great Iland, It is a long and a faire Iland, you may anchor betweene it and the shore. After you haue entred at the North point of this Iland, you shall see a great white Rocke, right ouer against this Rocke, you shall see a point of the fi••me Land runne into the Sea, and right before this point lie three Rockes, where commonly [ 50] you shall see Indians shooting fishes with their Bowes and Arrowes, if you goe with your Boate to that point, you shall see a great Bay called by the Indians Iequerequere. There like∣wise standeth a great Towne of Canibals, such as those that dwell at Great Iland, halfe a league from Saint Sebastians standeth a small Iland right into the Sea, called by the In∣dians Uraritan, and by the Portugals Alquatrasses, heere you shall finde great store of Sea∣foules and Seales, Alegators that liue on the Land called by the Indians Fisew••so••. Right o∣uer against the South point of the Iland of Saint Sebastian standeth a great white Rocke called by the Portugals Paidemilio, that is, the life of Ginnie Wheate; then shall you see an Iland hard by the shoare call••d by the Indians Bo••souconga, that is, the Whales head, this Iland standeth in the mouth of Pertioqua, which is, the Riuer that goeth to Saint Vincents, as you goe to this place after [ 60] you haue passed the Iland, you shall see North-east from you certaine houses where there dwell a kind of Canibals called Ca••••oses, there you may haue good store of Cattle, Orenges, Lemmons, and many kinds of R••ots and Fruits.

Right against this Towne of Canibals called Caryhos, standeth the Towne of Saint Uincents called by the Indians Warapiu••ama; as you goe farther vp the Riuer you shall see a small Iland Southward, where you shall see a Sugar-mill of the Captaines of Santos called Ieronimo Let••••, where our Gentlemen were slaine. Farther vp the Riuer, you shall see a Castle stand at the foote of the Hill▪ then you come to the Towne of Santos, which standeth ha••d by the water side. Right behind the Towne of Sa••••os standeth a Hill wher Brascubas had a house, from the top of this Hill did Iohn Dauies make a Plate of the Countrey. Now the Portugals haue found Mynes of siluer in this place.

The third Pariena is a good Harbour for ships, and here are great store of Canibals and Carij••os, which very lately are inleagued with the Portugals, you may buy of them great store of Pep∣per [ 10] and Ginger, very rich Furres, and Cotton-wooll, and Waxe, this is the place that I came vn∣to after I had beene taken by the T••m••y••s within the Land. Here the Tamoyes were taken by the Portugals, and I was giuen againe to be my Masters slaue, when 10000. of the ••••••oyes were slaine, and 20000. of them parted among the Portugals for slaues.

The mouth of the Riuer of Plate is wide, and within it there are many Downes of sand, you must bee sure to keepe very neere the North shoare, till you shall see a high Mountayne white at the top; then must you saile Southward at least foure leagues, and shall you see another small Hill on the Northside, you must saile right with it; then shall you come into a faire Bay, where you must be sure to keepe still along the shoare, and after you haue passed the Westerne point of this Bay, you shall haue the Riuer Maroer; then you need not feare any shallowes till you [ 20] come before the Towne of Bon••s Ayres. There the Riuer runneth full Southward, and along the Riuer side from Bonos Ayres is a small Village built by the Spaniards of Lime and stone that they brought from Brasill, for all the Countrey is sandie: the Indians doe make their houses all couered with earth. Here are great store of wilde Horses and Cattle, sheepe and Goats, but for siluer and gold, there is none but that which commeth from Cordi••a and Potasin. Here likewise the Indians haue great store of Wheate, twentie leagues within Land lyeth a Prouince called Tocoman, now it is a Bishopricke, this Countrey is the diuision of Brasill, and all the Prouinces of No••a Hispania. Here the Indians haue Wheate and Cassa••i, Apples, Peares, Nuts, and all other fruites of Spaine, likewise they haue all the fruites of Brasill. But after you trauell Southward of this Countrey, you shall not find any thing that groweth in Brasill, nor any wild beasts, as Leo∣pards, [ 30] or C••pi••••ras, Iawasenings, Cat of Mountaines, Aq••eq••es, Wari〈…〉〈…〉s, M••r••q••ies, Ioboyas, Su∣r••c••o••s, ••••rarcas, Boy••e••a, Boyseninga, Boybeua. Brasill is full of all these wilde and dangerous beasts, and diuers others; But the Prouinces of Peru are cleere of them, except it bee some chance. From T••coman to Saint I••go is eightie leagues, and you shall trauell it as you doe by Sea with a Compasse, for the Countrey is all sand, and as the wing bloweth, so shall you haue the Mountaynes of sand, to day on one side of you, to morrow on the other, in this passage you shall passe through many Riuers, which to your thinking are not aboue a foote deepe, but if you haue not good guides and great experience, your waggons and horses will quick∣ly be cast away in them, and at an instant be couered with quicke sand. After you haue passed this Countrey, you shall come to Saint Iago, then till you come to Potosin, you shall trauell [ 40] through great Mountaines and Valleyes, and all the way as you goe, you shall haue great Townes of Indians, who are all in peace with the Spaniards, you shall haue fiue hundred of these Indians by the way as you trauell readie with Nets to carrie you, tyed one a Cane from Towne to Towne, for a fish-hooke or a few beads of glasse, or any such trifle; and there is no trauelling in the World so easie as this, for you may lye, or sit, and play on a Gitterne all the way if you will, for so the Spaniards doe; you shall passe by many Mynes of Gold and traffique with the Indians for Gold, and diuers kinds of precious Stones, but not in that plentie as you shall at Po∣t••sin, by reason that there the Mynes are open and wrought on, and those betweene Santiago and Potossin are not. At Potossin there is no want of any thing, although the Countrey of it selfe bee very barren, but by reason of the great traffique that they haue from Lyma, and all the Townes [ 50] of the South Sea; they haue alwayes prouision enough, for from those Townes, they bring Oyle and Wine in great Iarres of earth vpon great sheepe, which are called sheepe of fiue quarters, for their tailes haue almost as much as a quarter. To tell the particulars of the Mynes, would bee a new Storie, only this: they find the Oare like blacke Lead, then they grinde it in Ingines, then they wash it through fine Sieues in paued Cisternes that are made for the purpose; the Moores are all naked as long as they worke, because he shall not hide any precious stone. The Spaniards her•• are all very rich, and in truth as gallant fellowes as can be. The Francisco Friers carrie a great sway in this Countrey, by reason that they were the first that preached in this part of India. [ 60]

Notes

• Rio Grande,
• Ambergreese.
• Para〈…〉〈…〉 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Riuers.
• A Riuer called 〈◊〉〈◊〉 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ••••an 〈…〉〈…〉 Sir 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ••••wly.
• The descripti∣on of a place, called by the 〈◊◊〉〈◊◊〉.
• ••••••n••mbuq••o and 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Citie o•• 〈◊〉〈◊〉.
• Cape of Saint Augustine.
• I••. of S. Aleyxo.
• Porto Docalo••.
• Riuer of stones
• Camaryi••••••.
• The Riuer of Saint Antoni••.
• Salt. Fish Var••••••.
• A place called the Harbour of Frenchmen.
• Riuer called Iaquareasicke.
• Alaqua.
• Riuer of Saint Michael.
• The Harbour, called The Ri∣uer of Toades.
• R. Saquar••ma.
• Eti••ca.
• Pir••teninga.
• M〈…〉〈…〉 mayd ••een by the Author.
• The Riuer of Ienero, and Ci∣〈…〉〈…〉 o•• Saint Sebastian.
• Iland of Bri∣galion.
• Iland of Saint Bent.
• The Riuer c••l∣led Warati••••.
• Certaine I∣lands called by t••e 〈◊〉〈◊〉▪ gr〈…〉〈…〉; Grea•• Ila••••.
• The Iland of 〈◊〉〈◊〉▪ Sebastian.
• The descripti∣〈…〉〈…〉 o•• S. Vin∣〈…〉〈…〉s & Sa••tos.
• The descripti∣on of the third 〈◊〉〈◊〉; no•• called by the P••••tugals O•• pa∣to••, and by the Indian•• V••••son. The descripti∣on of the Ri∣uer of Plate.
• Note. Beasts of Brasil.
• Traueil by Compasse on sands.