Englands old religion faithfully gathered out of the history of the Church of England, as it was written by Venerable Bede, almost a thousand years agoe (that is) in the year 698 after the passion of our Saviour : Bede saith he ended this history in the year 731 after the incarnation : we have not altered any part of this Fathers own words in any point concerning faith : only here and there is omitted what belongeth not to that purpose / by H.B.

Book. 1. Chap. 1, 2, 3, 4.

ENGLANDS old Religion.

FAITHFULLY Set forth by Venerable Bede, in his History of the Church of England: Omitting onely such things as make not to this purpose.

The first Book.

Chap. 1, 2, 3. In these Chap∣ters there is nothing to our present purpose: They one∣ly contain the State of Civill affairs in Britany.

Chap. 4.

IN the year of our Lords In∣carnation 156. Lucius King of the Britans, wrote to Eleu∣therius a holy man, then Pope

of the Church of Rome, desi∣ring, that by his appointment he might be made a Christian. Which request being granted him, the Britains received the Faith and kept it sound and undefiled untill Dioclesians time.

In the 5. Chapter, no∣thing to our purpose: It describes onely the Wall made between England and Scotland.

Chap. 6.

Dioclesian and Maximian raising the Tenth Persecution against the Christians, caus'd the Churches to be spoil'd, the Christians to be tormented and kill'd: For ten years it continued burning of Chur∣ches, banishing Innocents, mur∣dering

of Martyrs: Among other places Britany was at this time honoured with the glory of many holy Martyrs, who constantly dyed in Con∣fession of their Faith.

Chap. 7.

Among others suffered, St. Alban, of whom Fortunatus Priest in his Book of the Praise of Virgins, reckoning up the Martyrs which from all coasts came unto God, saith,

The fertill Land of Britany brings forth, Her Proto-Martyr Alban of great worth.

This Alban being yet a Pagan, when the cruell Edicts of the wicked Princes were set forth against the Christians, receiv'd into his house one of the Cler∣gy,

who had fled from the Persecutours, and observing him night and day, to conti∣nue in Prayer and Watching, suddenly touch'd with the grace of God, he began to fol∣low the example of his Faith and vertue, and instructed by his wholesome Exhortations, forsaking Idolatry, became a Christian. It came to the ears of the Prince, that this holy Confessour of Christ (whose time was not come that God had assigned for him to suffer) lay hid in Alban's house: Whereupon Souldiers were sent to apprehend him, but St. Alban apparrelled in his guests and Masters garments, presen∣ted himself unto them. When they brought Alban, it hapned that the Judge was doing sa∣crifice unto the Devils, who

beholding him, and incensed with anger for that he feared not to offer himself unto death for his guest; he com∣manded him to be brought before the Idols. For as much (quoth he) as thou hadst rather convey away the Rebell and Trai∣tour to our gods, than to deliver him up to deserved punishment, what pains he should have suffe∣red, if he had been taken, the same shalt thou undergo, if thou refusest to practise the rites of our Religion. But St. Alban, who had voluntarily declared him∣self a Christian, little heeded the menaces of the Prince, but being throughly guarded with the spiritual armour of Grace, plainly told him, he would not obey his command. I am a Christian (saith he) and I apply my self to Christian du∣ties

and exercises. I honour and worship the true and living God. These sacrifices which thou offe∣rest to the Devils help not the of∣ferer, but purchase them eternal pains. The Judge hereupon commanded the holy Confes∣sor of God, to be beaten by the Tormentors, but Alban in his sufferings was patient and couragious. Then the Judge sentenced him to be behead∣ed. As he was led to executi∣on, he came to a floud which swiftly ran betwixt him and the place where he was to suf∣fer. The company was great, and the bridge narrow, so that it was likely to be Eve∣ning before they could all pass; Alban desirous of death, coming to the river side, made his Prayer, and saw forth with the bottom dry, the water gi∣ving

place to him, and to the people to pass over: Which the Executioner seeing (not without the holy inspiration of God) fell down at his feet, and casting from him his sword ready drawn, desired rather to suffer himself than do the Execution. Then came they to a very pleasant hill, worthy to be dedicated by the bloud of the blessed Martyr. At the top whereof, Alban begg'd of God to give him water, and strait there arose a Spring at his Feet, whereby all perceiv'd that as the River be∣fore in obedience to him was dryed up, so water was now given at his entreaty. Here this most valiant Martyr be∣ing beheaded, received the Crown of life, which God promiseth to those that love

him. But he who did the Ex∣ecution had short joy: for his eys fell upon the ground with the Head of the holy Martyr. There also was beheaded the Souldier, who being called of God, refused to strike the ho∣ly Confessor, of whom tis ma∣nifest, though he was not Christned in the Font, yet was he baptized in his own blood; and so made worthy to enter heaven. The Judge seeing so many strange and heavenly miracles wrought by this holy martyr, cōmanded the perse∣cution should cease, beginning to honor in the Saints of God their constant and patient suf∣fering death, whereby he thought at first to draw them from the devotion of their Faith. St. Alban suffered Mar∣tyrdome the 20th. day of June

neer the City Verulam (now call'd St. Albans in Hartford∣shire) where (after the Christi∣an Church was calm'd) a Church was built of exceed∣ing rich work, and worthy of such a Martyrdom: In which place eve•• to this day are sick persons cured, and many Mi∣racles wrought: Many more suffered in sundry places, who by perfect victory yeelded their Souls to Heaven.

CHAP. 8.

After the storm of this per∣secution was blown over, the Christians, who in time of danger lay hid in dens and de∣serts, came forth and shewed themselves abroad, renew'd Churches which were over∣thrown:

founded, built, and drest up new in honour of the holy Martyrs, celebrated holy dayes, consecrated the divine Mysteries, and every where display'd their Ensignes in signe of Victory. This peace continued in the Church of Christ in Britany untill the Arian Heresie, running through the world, corrupted also with venemous Errours this Island. When by this means Heresie had found an open vent to press over the Ocean into the said Island, soon after all manner of Here∣sies flowed, in and were recei∣ved by the Inhabitants, they being men delighting ever to hear novelties, and stedfastly retaining nothing as certain. This Heresie of the Arians be∣ing discovered and condem∣ned

in the Councel of Nice, did neverthelesse infect not onely other parts of the world, but even the very Churches of the Islands with poisonous In∣fidelity.

In the 9. Chap. nothing but civill Affairs.

CHAP. 10. The year of our Lord, 394. Arcadius raigning, Pelagius a Britan, disperst the Venom of his faithless Doctrine; hold∣ing that a man might live well without the help of Gods grace.

In the 11. and 12. Chapters nothing but civil Affairs.

Chap. 13.

In the year 423. the 8th. of the Emperour Theodosius the yonger, Palladius was sent by Celestine Bishop of the Roman Church to the Scots (who had receiv'd the Faith of Christ) to be their Bishop.

In the 14. Chapter nothing.

Chap. 15.

The English (then Hea∣thens) sent for out of Germany over run Britany. The Priests are every where slain at the Altars. The Bishops with their flock were murdered with fire and sword, without regard unto their dignity.

In the 16. Chapter, nothing but civill affairs.

Chap. 17.

A few years before the ar∣rival of the Saxons & English, the Pelagian Heresie brought in by Agricola, greatly corrup∣ted the Faith of the Britans. But they being unwilling to re∣ceive this lewd doctrine (blas∣phemous against the grace of God) and yet unable to resist the crafty and wicked perswa∣sions of their Adversaries, took this wholesome Counsel to seek for ayde from the Bishops of France. A Councel being call'd, the French consulted a∣mong themselves whom they should send. By the judgment of all the Apostolical Bishops

Germanus and Lupus were cho∣sen to pass over into Britany: Who with great alacrity, re∣ceiving the Orders and Com∣mands of the holy Church, put to Sea. Whilst they were under sail, the Devill envying such men should go to the re∣covery of that People, raised a dangerous tempest. Germanus Bishop, feeble of body, through weariness fell a sleep, then Lupus and the rest call'd upon him. Germanus more constant in the greatness of the danger, invoketh Christ, and taking in the name of the holy Trinity a few sprinkles of water, casteth i•• into the Sea: Forth with the rage of the storm breaketh; God being called upon defer∣ed not his help; the enemy is chased away, and they set on land where they desited. A

multitude of People assem∣bling received the Priests of God; of whose coming the wicked spirits gave notice, and afterward being expell'd out of the obsess't bodies, at the command of Preists, they de∣clared both the manner of the tempest they raised, and the danger like to have ensued, confessing they were over∣come by their merits and command. Upon their arri∣vall, they filled the Island with their good name, preaching and vertues, and the word of God was taught by them as well in Churches, as in the open streets, and in the Coun∣trey; so that in all places, the found and Faithful Catholikes were confirmed, and they that before swarved from truth were reduced. Thus in short

time, through their authority, vertue and learning, the whole Country was brought under obedience to their Doctrine. The Authors of Heretical er∣rour lay lurking all this while, and like the wicked spirits were vext to see the people daily fall from them. At length they undertook to try the matter by open disputation, which being consented to, they come forth richly and sumptuously apparell'd, at∣tended by a number of flatte∣rers, chusing rather to com∣mit their cause to open con∣test, than seem to the People, whom they had subverted, to have nothing to say in defence thereof. Thither flockt a great number of people with their wives and children. The blessed Priests German and Lu∣pus

gave their Adversaries leave to speak first, who vain∣ly entertain'd the people with naked words. Then the reve∣rend Bishops poured forth their Eloquence, confirm'd with sacred Texts from the Gospel and Apostles. Thus vanity was convinced, false∣hood confuted, and in effect at every objection, their Ad∣versaries were forced to con∣fesse their errour, not being able to answer. The people could hardly hold their hands from them, yet shewed they their judgement by their ac∣clamations.

Chap. 18.

This done, a certain Colo∣nel cometh forth, offering them his daughter of ten

years old to be cured, who was blinde. They bad him carry her to their Adversaries: but they (their own conscience frighting them from such an enterprise) joyn with the girls Parents, desiring the Priests to doe the cure; who seeing their Adversaries dismaid, made their Prayer. Then Ger∣manus full of the holy Ghost, calling upon the blessed Tri∣nity, looseth from his neck a little bag full of Reliques of the holy Saints, and in the sight of them all, applyed it to the eyes of the Maid: VVhereupon she strait receiv'd her sight, to the great joy of her parents, and the amaze∣ment of the people at the Mi∣racle. From that day, the said errours were so rooted out,

that with most earnest desire, they all imbraced the doctrine of the Bishops. Thus damned falshood being supprest, the Authors confuted, and all mens minds instructed in pu∣rity of Faith, they went to St. Albans, to give God praise and thanks by him. Where Ger∣manus having Reliques of the Apostles and divers Martyrs, making his prayer, comman∣ded the Tomb to be opened, with intent there to deposite those precious treasures, thinking it good, that the members of the Saints gotten in divers Countries might be shrin'd together in one Tomb, who like in Merits rejoyced with God in Heaven. Which being done with much honor, he took some of the dust of the place, where the holy

Martyrs blood was shed, and carried it away with him, and a great number were that day converted.

Chap. 19.

As they were returning back, it happened (by the De∣vils procurement) that Saint German by a fall brake his leg, that so by the affliction of the body, the merits of the holy man might be more encreased, VVhilest by reason of his weakness he was fain to tarry still in one place, the next house to his lodging was by chance set on fire, which ha∣ving consumed all neer it, drew nigh where this good man lay. But that the power of God might appear, the fire

spoiled whatsoever the people sought to save, except what the sick man lying in his bed preserv'd: for in the midst of the raging flames the house, which this weak man kept, remain'd untouch'd, all wondring at the Miracle. Be∣fore the Cottage of this poor Prelate lay a multitude of people, without number, some to be cured of the maladies of their souls, others of their bo∣dies. It cannot be exprest what Miracles Christ wrought by his Servant, and what cures this sick man did. In the mean time, suffering no remedy to be applyed unto himself, one night he saw a beautifull young man all in White at his bed side, who stretching forth his hand seemed to lift him up and bid him stand, and from

that houre his pains were as∣swag'd, and he restor'd to health.

Chap. 20.

About this time the Saxons and picts waged war against the Britans, who fearing they should not be able to match them, implored the help of the holy Bishops, who coming to the Camp, filled their hearts with such confidence, as if a mighty Army had been come to aide them. This hapned a∣bout the holy time of Lent, which was more devoutly ob∣served, through the presence of the Priest••: In so much as being instructed by continual preaching, many of the Coun∣trey were daily Christned, and

the greatest part of the Army required Baptism. On Easter∣day, they made in the Campe, the form of a Church, adorn∣ing it with boughes, where they were solemnly Baptized; by virtue whereof, they be∣came fervent in Faith, and bold in hope of Gods strength. The Enemy having intelligence of their sober demeanour and order of their Campe, think∣ing to surprize them (being unarm'd) and obtain the vi∣ctory, marcht in great speed towards them. Now the holy∣dayes of Easter being past, the Army goeth fresh from Bap∣tism to their weapons. S. Ger∣man making himself their Captain, pickt forth a choice Troup of souldiers, placing them covertly in a Valley, where it was thought the ene∣my

would passe, giving them all warning, that as they heard him say, they should all answer the same: Thus suddenly breaking out of Ambush where they lay, the enemy be∣ing not aware of them, the Priest of God cryed aloud, thrice together Alleluja, all the Troop repeating, answered the same. The eccho from the hils resounded, as though they had been thrice as many: whereat the Enemy was so amaz'd, as though heaven had fought against them: Whereupon with all speed they fled, casting away their weapons, thinking it enough if they could escape with life. The British souldiers gathered up the spoiles, and with great joy acknowledg'd God onely to be the giver of that over∣throw.

The Island being thus set in good order, the Bishops returned home, to whom God gave a prosperous passage both for their own vertues sake, as also at the Intercession of the blessed Martyr Alban.

CHAP. 21.

Not long after word was brought out of the same Island that the Pelagian Heresie was reviv'd. Again therefore are directed to the Bishop, the en∣treaty of all the Priests, that he would go through with the Cause of God, which he had taken in hand. So he return'd again (into Britany) with Se∣verus, who was disciple of the most blessed Father Lupus, or∣dain'd Bishop of Trevers, prea∣ching first unto that part of

Germany the word of God. In the mean while, the wicked spirits flying about the Island, foretold every where (forced thereunto) that St. German was returning: in so much as Ela∣fius one of the chief among them, without report of any messenger, hastned to meet the holy men at their arrival, ha∣ving with him his son, who in the flower of his youth had lost the use of his leg, which was so shrunk, that he could not set his foot upon the ground. The whole Country flockt thither to meet them, where their blessing and di∣vine Doctrine was bestow'd upon the people. They found them as for their Faith as they had left them, onely they found the fault to remain in some few, those they sought

after, and finding them, con∣demn'd them. This done Ela∣fius fell down at the feet of the Bishops, offering them his son, whose sad case needed no pra∣yers to crave relief. Forthwith St. German taking the young man to him, felt his knee, and with his blessed hand searcht through all the affected place, and at his touch each part re∣ceived health, and the sinews return'd to their natural course, so that in sight of them all he was restored to his Fa∣ther. The people were all a∣stonished at the strangeness of the miracle, and the Catholike Faith thereby confirm'd. Af∣ter this, he preacht to the peo∣ple to exterminate the said Heresie, and all assenting, the Authours were expell'd the Island, and delivered unto

the Priests to be carried thence, that by this punish∣ment the Countrey might be rid of them and their Heresies. Hence it came to pass, that in those places, the Faith for a long time remain'd sound. Not long after Germanus deceased at Ravenna; his corps was con∣vey'd to his own Church with an honourable train, not with∣out miracles wrought by the way.

In the 22. Chapter nothing but civil affairs.

Chap. 23.

In the year of our Lord, 582 the 10. of the Emperour Mau∣rice; Gregory, a man most re∣nown'd for deeds and learn∣ing, was made Bishop of the

Roman & Apostolike see, which he govern'd 13. years seven months and ten dayes. The Year 150. after the coming of the English into Britany, this Pope being mov'd by divine inspiration thereunto, sent the servant of God Augustine with many other Monks, fearing God, to preach to the English Nation. But being on the way, and terrified with the appre∣hension of the journey, they sent Augustine back to the Pope (whom he had there ap∣pointed Bishop, if they were receiv'd) humbly entreating him that they might not pro∣ceed: but he exhorted them by letters, that putting their trust in God, they would go on in their good purpose.

Gregory, the servant of the servants of God, &c. Let not

the hardship of the journy daunt you, &c. Assuring your selves, that after your great labour, eter∣nal reward shall follow. Be in all points obedient unto Augustine, whom I have sent back unto you, and appointed to be your Abbot, knowing it shall much profit your souls, what you do in obe∣dience to him. God defend you with his grace, and grant me to see the fruit of your labours in Heaven; as also that since I cannot work my self with you, I may enjoy part of your reward, for the good will I have to labor, God keep you in health my dearly beloved children.

In the 24. Chapter, nothing but a letter of the Popes recommending Augustine to the Bishop of Arles in his going for Britany.

Chap. 25.

Augustine being thus encou∣raged by St. Gregory, return'd to preach the word of God with the servants of Christ, which were with him, and ar∣rived in Britany. He and his company in number about forty, landing in the Isle of Thanet in Kent, sent word to King Ethelbert, that they came from Rome, and brought him very good news, viz. that such as follow'd and obey'd their Doctrine, should enjoy an e∣verlasting kingdome in Hea∣ven. The King hearing this, gave command they should abide there, and have all things necessary afforded them, untill they heard fur∣ther from him. Now the

knowledge of Christian Reli∣gion was come before unto him, he having maried a Christian Lady out of France, call'd Bertha; upon condition that it should be lawfull for her and the Bishop that came to assist her to keep their Faith and Religion. A few dayes after, the King came into the Island, and seating himself without in the open ayre, sent for Augustine and his compa∣nions: He would not suffer them to come unto him in any house, least if he or his were skilfull in Sorcery, they might prevaile against him. But they came to him not with wea∣pons of the Devil, but en∣dowed with the strength of God, carrying before them in lieu of a Banner, a Crosse of silver, and the Image of our

Saviour painted in a Table: and singing of Lytanies, they pray'd both for themselves and those for whose sake they came. And sitting down (as the King commanded them) they preacht unto him and his attendants the word of life. The King replyed. Your words and promises are fair, yet because strange and unknown to me, I cannot assent unto them, leaving the Religion wherein both I and my people have been so long bred up; but seeing you are come so far to impart unto us such know∣ledge as you hold to be good and true, we will receive you, and minister to you all such things as be necessary for to maintain you: and we are consenting, that you gain by your Preaching as many as you can to your Profession. Then he allowed them a place

in the City of Canterbury, the head City of his Dominions, providing them what was needfull, and freely permit∣ting them to Preach. It is said as they drew nigh the City, ha∣ving the Cross and Image of our Saviour, carried (as the manner was) they sung all in one tune, this Prayer follow∣ing. We beseech thee, O Lord, for thy great mercy, that thy fury and anger may be taken from this City, and from thy holy house, because we have sinn'd, Allelujah.

CHAP. 26.

Being entred, they began to hold forth the very Apostolike order of living, as in the Pri∣mitive Church, serving God in continuall Prayer, Watch∣ing

and Fasting, Preaching the Word of Life, despising the allurements of this world, as things none of theirs, taking of them whom they instructed so much onely as might sup∣ply their wants, living accord∣ing as they taught, and being ready to suffer death in the defence of the Truth they publisht. Hence it came to passe, that many believ'd, and were baptiz'd, marveling much at the simplicity of their innocent life, and sweetness of heavenly Doctrine. There was at the East end of the Ci∣ty a Church built in honour of St. Martin, made whilest the Romans were in Britany, in which the Queen, a Christian, used to pray: Thither they went to Church, and began there first to sing Service, say

Mass, Pray, Teach and Chri∣sten, till the King being con∣verted to the Faith, they re∣ceiv'd ample license to Preach where they would, and either to build new or repair old Churches. And it was not long before the King himself much delighted with their purity of life, and example of godly conversation, and by their sweet promises, which they prov'd to be true by wor∣king many Miracles, believ'd and were baptiz'd. Then the People daily more and more resorted to their Sermons, and renouncing Heathenish Rites, joyn'd themselves to the unity of the Holy Church. The King also appointed them a place and Seat befitting their Calling, in his head City of Canterbury, giving them ne∣cessary

possessions for thier maintenance.

Chap. 27.

After this, the man of God Augustine, came to Arles, where by Etherius Archbishop of that City, he was ordain'd Arch∣bishop of the English, accord∣ing as St. Gregory had comman∣ded, and returning into Bri∣tany, he sent Laurence, Priest, and Peter, Monk, to Rome, to make relation to St. Gregory, that the English had receiv'd the Faith, and he made their Bishop; he also requir'd his Answer to certain Queries. Pope Gregories answer to Au∣gustines first demand. For as much as you being brought up under Monasticall rule, must not live apart from your Cler∣gy,

in the Church of the Eng∣lish, which is but newly en∣tred upon the Faith of Christ; you must follow the prescript and form of life which was us'd in the Primitive Church among the Fathers, for there was none among them that said, that to be his own which he possessed, but all was in common. And if there be any of the Clergy, who having not yet receiv'd holy Orders, can∣not live chaste; they may take Wives and have their sti∣pend allowed▪ them apart from the rest. Augustines se∣cond Demand: Whereas there is but one Faith, why be there so many sundry customs of the Churches; and one cu∣stome of Masses observ'd in the holy Roman Church, and ano∣ther in France. Gregories An∣swer:

You knew the custome of the Church of Rome, where∣in you were brought up; but if you have found any thing, be it in the Church of Rome, France, or elswhere, that may please God more, I am content that you choose it, planting in the English Church (which is but lately come to the Faith) the best orders you can gather from them all. Augustines nineth question concerns illu∣sions in Dreams, whither such things hapning, a Lay-man may receive the body of Christ, or a Priest say Mass. Another of his questions is whether and when Children are to be Baptiz'd. Gregories Answer is, that in necessity they are presently to be Bap∣tized.

Chapter 28.

nothing but a Letter from the Pope to the Archbishop of Arles to assist Augustine.

Chap. 29.

The same Pope (for as much as Augustine had adver∣tized him that there was a great harvest and but few la∣bourers) sent him more Prea∣chers, of which the chiefest were Mellitus, Rufinianus, Ju∣stus, Paulinus. By these he sent such things as were neces∣sary for the Purniture and Ministry of the Church, as holy Vessels, Altar-Cloths, Church stuffe, apparrell for Priests and Clergie, with Reliques of the holy Apostles and Martyrs, and

Books. He sent him a Pall, and by letters instructed him what order to hold in making Bishops throughout Britany. Gregories Letter. To his most Reverend and holy Brother, Au∣gustine, the servant of the ser∣vants of God. Since by the good∣nesse of God, and your industry, the new Church of the English is brought unto the Faith of Christ, we grant unto you, the use of the Pall, to wear when you say Mass, and we give way, that you ordain Twelve Bishops under your juris∣diction, but so, that the Bishop of London be henceforth conse∣crated by his own Synod, and re∣ceive his Pal•• from this holy and Apostolike See; wherein I by the Authority of God do now serve. Also our will is, that you send a Bishop to York, to whom we intend to give a Pall: To you

shall be subject, not onely the Bi∣shops you make, or he of Yorke, but all the Priests of Britany, to the end that by your manner of life, they may receive a pattern both to believe and live well.

Note, that the Pall (where∣with the Pope invests Metropolitans) is a shoulder-piece imbroi∣dred with Crosses made not of fine linnen, a•• the High-Priests was, Exod. 28. but of fine sheeps wool, to minde them of Christs carrying the lost sheep on his Shoul∣ders. It was first laid on St. Peters shrine, and given to them thence.

Chap. 30.

The holy Father, Gregory, sent letters to Mellitus, shew∣ing how earnestly he thirsted the good of our Countrey. Ʋnto his dearly beloved Son, Mellitus, Abbot. Gregory, the servant of the servants of God. When God shall bring you to our Brother, Augustine, tell him with serious deliberation, I thought fit, that not the Tem∣ples, but the Idols in them be broken, that holy Water be made and sprinkled about the said Temples, Altars erected, Reliques plac'd. It may be al∣low'd, that in Dedications or Birth-dayes of Martyrs, whose Reliques are there reserv'd, the people make them bowers,

Feasting together after a good religious sort.

Chap. 31.

About this time, Gregory, wrote to Augustine concerning such Miracles as he knew done by him, wishing him not to run hazard of vain glory, by the great number of them. I know (saith he) dear brother, it hath pleased God to shew by thee great Miracles among the people, whom by thee he hath called to the Faith. Thou hast cause to joy that by the means thereof, the English mens souls are won to the Faith: but thou oughtest to fear, least by the said Miracles, thou by outward praise be puffed up, &c.

Chap. 32.

Contains the Letter of Pope Gregory to King Ethelbert, with Presents, and the blessing of St. Peter.

Chap. 33.

Augustine being now Bi∣shop, obtain'd an old Church, antiently of the Romans, and Dedicated it to the Name of our Saviour, making it a perpe∣tual Seat for him and his Suc∣cessors. Not far Eastward of the City, he built a Monastery, to the which King Ethelbert (through his advice) new built a Church to the honour of the Sts. Peter and Paul, enriching it with sundry gifts. Laurence his Successor consecrated it.

The first Abbot thereof, was one Peter a Priest, who being cast away at Sea, and by the In∣habitants buried after a home∣ly manner: Our Lord inten∣ding to have it known, how worthy a man he was, caus'd to appear every night a light from Heaven over the place where he was buried: The In∣habitants gathering hereby that he was some holy man, re∣mov'd his body thence, bury∣ing it honourably in the town of Bullen in France.

In the 34. Chapter, nothing but civil affairs.

The Second Book.

Chap. 1.

IN the year 605. holy Pope Gregory having govern'd most gloriously the See of the Roman & Apostolike Church, departed this life, to an ever∣lasting seat in Heaven. He converted our English Nation from the power of Sathan, to the Faith of Christ; whom we may well, & also must call our Apostle. For as soon as he was High Bishop over the whole world, and appointed Gover∣nour of the Churches newly converted; he made our Na∣tion the Church of Christ, which till then had been the bondslave of Idols: so that we

may truly make good the say∣ing of the Apostle, that al∣though he were not an Apostle to others, yet to us he was, for the seale of his Apostleship we are in the Lord. Laying aside his worldly Nobility by special grace from God, he turn'd it to the purchasing of eternal glory in Heaven. Putting off his secular habit, he betook himself unto a Monastery, where he liv'd in that perfe∣ction, that (as he was wont to witnesse with tears) all tran∣sitory things became subject to him, undervaluing the world, and thinking on nothing but heavenly things; and though immur'd in an earthly body, by contemplation, he surpast the natural bounds of flesh, lo∣ving death as an entrance unto life. All this he telleth of him∣self,

not boasting of his en∣crease in virtue, but rather la∣menting the want and decay thereof. He swarv'd not from Monastical perfection, by any occasion or trouble of his Ec∣clesiastical charge. His House was like a well ordered Mona∣stery; for although he was taken thence, and made Bishop, and ordain'd to the Ministery of the Altar, and sent Legat from the See Apostolike to Constantinople; yet he never intermitted his wonted course of life, but had with him Re∣ligious of the Monastery, for the better keeping regular ob∣servance, that by their ex∣ample, he might be fastned as with a strong Anchor to the pleasant port of prayer, streng∣thening his soul by daily rea∣ding and conferring with

them. Whereas other Bishops took pains in building Chur∣ches and beautifying the same with gold and silver, he altoge∣ther was employ'd in gaining souls. What money he had he carefully distributed among the poor: He made our Nati∣on by Preachers sent hither, partakers of eternal liberty. This holy Pope, ordain'd that in the Chappel of the blessed Apostles Peter and Paul, Masses should be said at their Bodies. To the Canon of the Masse, he added these words (which still appear in our Mass) dispose our dayes in peace; free us from eternal damnation, and number us in the stock of thine Elect. He was buried in S. Peters Church before the Vestrie. Tis repor∣ted that seeing, British chil∣dren sold at Rome, he inqui∣red

what was the name of that nation, they told him, they were called Angels or English, with good reason (quoth he) for they have an Angels face, and it is fitting they should be inheritors with the Angels in Heaven. Then he ask't the Name of the Province, the Merchants said, they were cal∣led Deires, they may so (quoth he) for they shall be delivered from the Ire (or anger) of God, and call'd to the mercy of Je∣sus Christ. Then he asked the Kings Name; they answered, his Name was Alle, St. Gregory alluding to his Name said, Al∣leluja must be sung in that Princes Dominions. Hereup∣on he besought the Bishop of the Roman Apostolike See (for he was not then Bishop there∣of) to send into Britany Mi∣nisters

of the Word for their conversion, offering himself ready for that work, if so it had pleas'd the Apostolick Pope: but the Citizens of Rome, would not let him goe so far from them. Afterwards being Pope, he accomplisht this good work, so long desired, sending thither divers Preach∣ers, he himself helping at home by Prayer and whole∣some instructions.

Chap. 2.

About this time Augustine call'd together the Bishops and Doctours of the greatest Pro∣vince, which was of the Bri∣tans, perswading them (as a Brother) to Catholick unity, and to hold communion with him: For as yet they kept not

Easter Sunday in due time, but from the 14. to the 20. Moon. They used also many other things contrary to the Unity of the Church: which being shew'd unto them, and that neither for entreaty, nor re∣bukes of Augustine, they would assent, preferring their own traditions before all other Churches, which through the whole world agreed with them: This Father said unto them; let us pray to God that he will vouchsafe to signifie unto us by some heavenly sign, which tradition is to be followed: Let some sick body be brought, and by whose prayers he shall be healed, let his Faith be believed. His Ad∣versaries granting unto it, there was brought forth a blinde man, who first presen∣ted

to the British Priests, when by them he was not cured, Saint Augustine on his knees be∣sought our Lord to restore sight unto him, that so his grace might be enkindled in the hearts of many; and forth∣with the blind-man saw, and Augustine was held of the peo∣ple as the true Teacher. For all this, they assembled a se∣cond, and greater Synod, to which (tis said) seven British or Welch Bishops carne with many learned men, especially from the chiefest Monastery of Bangor, whereof Dinoch was Abbot. All these openly refu∣sing subjection to Augustine, he said to them. Although (deare brethren) in many points you do contrary to us, or rather contrary to the custome of the Ʋniversall Church; yet if you will in these

things agree with us, viz. To ce∣lebrate Easter in due time, to ad∣minister baptism according to the manner of the holy Roman and Apostolike Church, preach∣ing with us the word of the Lord, to this English Nation: All your other Ceremonies, Rites, Obser∣vances and Customs, though con∣trary to ours, we will willingly bear with. But they replyed, they would doe none of these things, nor hold him for their Archbishop: Whereupon the man of God, Augustine, threat∣ningly prophesied, that since they waved peace with their bre∣thren, they should have war from their enemies; and since they re∣fus'd to preach the word of Life to the English Nation, by their hands they should suffer death. Which in all points came to passe (as he had foretold). For

Edilfrid, that valiant King of the English, raising a mighty Army, made a great slaughter of this wicked people: For be∣ing about to give battel, per∣ceiving their Priests met toge∣ther, to pray for their Soul∣diers: he asked, who they were, and to what end they met there. Most of them were of the Monastery of Bangor (in Wales) where such a number of Monks are said to have been, that their Monastery divided into seven parts with their Prelats; no one of them had fewer than 300. Most of these having fasted three dayes, met at the Camp to pray. King Edilfrid understanding the cause of their convening, If (quoth he) they invoke their God against us, they fight a∣gainst us, though they bear no

Arms. Whereupon he com∣manded the charge to be made upon them, and in the end, though with losse, he quite ru∣ined the other Troops of this wicked Army. They say there perisht in that battle about 1200 of those that were assem∣bled to pray; and so was ac∣complisht the Prophesie of Au∣gustine, the holy Bishop.

Note, That these Welch Bi∣shops, living in the Faith, receiv'd from Pope Eleutherius, An. 156. (as was said B. 1. c. 4.) did not pretend any cause of division from Augustines Do∣ctrine, about Mass, use of the Crosse, and I∣mages; worship of

Saints and Relicks, or any other point where∣in we and Protestants differ. A demonstrative argument, that none of these things brought in by Augustine were con∣trary to what was deli∣vered to the Britans, not a full hundred years after the Apostles time: So that as long as Augustines Religion was kept in England, the Apostles Religion was kept.

Chap. 3.

Augustine ordain'd two Bi∣shops, Mellitus & Justus; Melli∣tus he sent to preach to the Province of the East Saxons,

whose chief City is London: As soon as the Province by Melli∣tus preaching had receiv'd the word of Truth, King Ethel∣bert built St. Pauls Church in London, where Mellitus and his successors ever after were to hold their Bishops Seat. Justus was ordain'd by him Bishop of Rochester in Kent, where Ethel∣bert built St. Andrew the Apo∣stles Church. After this, the dearly beloved Father in God, Augustine dyed, and his body was laid by the Church of the Apostles, Peter and Paul in Can∣terbury, which (after it was fi∣nisht) was brought in and ho∣nourably buried in the North∣part thereof, where also were interred the bodies of all the Archbishops following, as long as there was room. This Church hath an Altar in it, de∣dicated

to the honour of St. Gregory Pope, at which Altar, every Saturday the Comme∣moration of these departed Bishops is celebrated by the Priest of the place.

Upon St. Augustines Tomb is written,

Here resteth Augustine the first Archbishop of Canterbury, who being sent hither, by blessed Gregory, Bishop; and by work∣ing of Miracles, supported by God, brought King Ethelbert and his People from Idolatry to the Faith of Christ: He dyed the 26. of May.

CHAP. 4.

Laurence succeeded him in the Bishoprick, whom Augu∣stine, yet living, ordain'd, least after his death the State of the

Church rude as yet, and new∣ly converted, might have wa∣vered and faln, if it had lackt a Pastour and guide never so lit∣tle. Wherein he followed the example of the first Pastour of the Church, the most blessed Prince of the Apostles, Peter; who having laid at Rome, the foundation of Christs Church, consecrated Clement his Coad∣jutor and Successor. Lau∣rence seeing the ground-work of his Church to enlarge, which was well and through∣ly laid, endeavoured to raise the same to a perfect height, by frequent exhortations and continual example of pious works: He earnestly laboured as a true Shepheard, not onely for the modern Church of the English, but also for the Church of the old Inhabitants

of Britany and Scots in Ireland, whose profession as soon as h•• knew to be lesse Ecclesiastical, and not well ordered in many points, especially about Easter, they not celebrating it in due time: He wrote unto them, beseeching them to receive and keep the society of Ca∣tholike observance with the Church of Christ, spread over the whole world.

To our dearest brethren the Bishops and Abbots in Scotland Laurence, Mellitus, &c. When the See Apostolike (according to the usuall manner of sending to all parts of the world) directed us hither to preach the word of God. We, &c. About this time Mellitus Bishop of London went to Rome for advice of the Apo∣stolike Pope Boniface, and for necessary causes of the English

Church. This Pope call'd a Councel of Bishops to appoint some order concerning the life of Monks. Mellitus sate a∣mong them, to the end, that what there was legally de∣creed, he confirming, might bring with him to the English Church, as precepts and rules to be observed. He brought also letters from the Pope to Laurence Archbishop, to the Clergy and the King. This Pope cleansed the Temple Pantheon, converting it into a Church in honour of our Lady and the Martyrs.

Chap. 5.

In the year 613. Ethelbert,

King of Kent, after he had raigned six and fifty years, en∣tred into eternal blisse, the one and twentieth year, after he had receiv'd the Faith, and was interr'd in St. Martins Porch, within the Church of the blessed Apostles Peter and Paul. Edbald his son much harm'd the tender sprigs of the Church: but Gods scourge was not wanting, for both an unclean spirit, and a fr••nzie possest him: Moreover the death of Sabereth, King of the East Saxons and Nephew to Ethelbert much encreased the persecution of the Church, who going hence, to the ever∣lasting kingdome left three sons, who all fell to Idolatry. These Princes seeing the Bi∣shop in the Church, after he had said Mass, giving to the

people the Sacrament, said un∣to him: Why doest thou not give us also of that white bread? To whom he answered. If you will be washt in that wholesome Font wherein your Father was, you may also eat of this blessed bread, but if you contemn the laver of life, you may not tast•• the bread of life. Hereupon the King commanded Mellitus and all his company to depart the Realm: so he and Justus went over into France.

Chap. 6.

Laurence the Archbishop being now ready to forsake Britany, and follow Mellitus and Justus, commanded the night before he was to go, that his bed should be laid in the Saints Peter and Paul•• Church,

where after many prayers and tears powr'd out to God for the State of the Church, the blessed Prince of the Apostles appearing in his sleep unto him, scourged him a good while; and with Apostolicall Authority, asked him, Why he meant to forsake the flock which he himself had committed unto him? and to what Shepheard running now away, he would leave the sheep of Christ beset with ravening Wolves? By these stripes and the words of St. Pe∣ter, Laurence, the servant of God, imboldned, came and presented himself to the King, and throwing open his gar∣ment, shew'd him how pitti∣fully he had been beaten. When the King (all amazed) demanded, who durst inflict such stripes upon a man of his

dignity; when he understood it was for his salvation, and that by the Apostle of Christ, he became afraid, and aban∣doning the worship of Idols, and his unlawfull wedlock, embraced the Faith of Christ, and was baptized, promoting the good of the Church to the utmost of his power. He call'd home Mellitus and Justus, com∣manding them to return to their Churches, and instruct their flock. Thus the King with all his Subjects from that day that he was converted, submitted himself to the Pre∣cepts of God. He built a Church in honour of our Lady the blessed Mother of God, within the Abbey of St. Peter Prince of the Apostles, which Mellitus hollowed.

Chap. 7.

Relates, How the holy Arch∣bishop Laurence departing hence to heaven, his body was buried in the Abbey-Church of St. Peter, the Apostle. Mel∣litus (of London) succeeded in the See of Canterbury, the third after Augustine, who by birth was noble, but nobler by his singular virtue. It chanced that the City of Canterbury was set on fire, and great part consum'd, and the raging flames drew nigh to the house, where Mellitus lay sick of the Gout; but putting his confi∣dence in God, he commanded them to carry him out to meet the flames. Now where it most raged was at the crowned martyrs; The sick man being

brought thither, represt with his prayers those flames, which no power of man could quench: Having govern'd the Church five years, he past to Heaven.

Chap. 8.

Justus succeeded Mellitus in the Bishoprick; who having receiv'd authority from Pope Bonifacius to ordain Bishops, consecrated Romanus Bishop.

The Popes Letter to Justus.

To our dearest beloved brother, Justus: How piously and ear∣nestly you have laboured for the Gospel of Christ, the perfection and end of your actings fully de∣clare, &c. We understand you have brought the King to the be∣lief, and instructed him in the undoubted Faith. We have sent

you a Pall, which we give you leave to use onely in celebrating the holy mysteries granting you the ordaining of Bishops, as oc∣casion shall require, that so the Gospel of Christ may by the prea∣ching of many be dilated, &c. Having regard to the Authority received from the See Apostolike, use this our reward towards the gaining of souls.

Chap. 9.

About this time, the King and People of Northumberland receiv'd the Faith, by the prea∣ching of Paulinus. The occa∣sion was this. King Edwin de∣sirous to marry Edilburge the King of Kents Daughter, sent his Embassadours to effect it: but they made answer, that it was not lawfull for a Christian

to be married to a Pagan, least the Faith and Sacrament of the King of Heaven might be∣come prophan'd. Hereupon the King entred covenant, to do nothing contrary to the Christian Faith this Virgin profest; but gave way that she and all the Priests and servants with her, should keep and ob∣serve after the Christian man∣ner their Faith and Religion. Paulinus Bishop came along with her, to confirm her and her attendants, whom, that they might not be polluted by conversing with Pagans, he daily strengthned by exhorta∣tions, and administring the blessed Sacrament unto them, labouring earnestly to keep them that came with him from falling, and endeavour∣ing by preaching to reconcile

others. In the same Chapter is mentioned how Paulinus ob∣tain'd by his Prayers that the Queen was safely delivered, and that the King might ob∣tain a victory against the West Saxons: Whereupon renoun∣cing Idols, he granted that Bi∣shop Paulin should Christen his Daughter, who born at Faster was Christned at Whit∣sontide with twelve others of the Kings Court: yet for him∣self the King took longer time to deliberate.

Chap. 10.

Relates, How Edwin receiv'd letters from Bonifacins Bishop of the See Apostolike, exhor∣ting him to the Faith: wherein are these words; We have thought good to extend our

Priestly care and duty in propo∣sing unto you the rich magazin of our Christian belief, &c. We exhort you in all affection, to a∣bandon Idols, and to detest the worship of them, &c. Knowing how great an offence they commit that worship them, &c. It be∣hoves you to receive the signe of that Crosse, by which mankinde was redeem'd. I send you the blessing of St. Peter, your Prote∣ctor, Prince of the Apostles.

Chap. 11.

The holy and Apostolike Pope, Bonifacius, sent letters from Rome to Queen Edilburge wife to King Edwin.

To Queen Edilburge his dear daughter, &c. My heart rejoy∣ceth for the benefit of the Lord unto you, having vouchsaf'd to

enkindle in you the right Religi∣on, &c. We understand you shine forth in good works. Wherefore as it becometh a Fa∣ther, we send unto you as our Daughter in Christ, exhorting you not to delay calling upon your Husband, till he also be conjoyn∣ed with you in the number of Christians: And our Fatherly love requires that you declare un∣to us, what the power of God shall work in his and his subjects con∣version, that so we may render due thanks to God, and to St. Pe∣ter, chiefest of the Apostles. We send you the blessing of St. Peter your Protector, and prince of the Apostles.

Chap. 12.

The summe of this Chapter briefly is, That by a vision from

Heaven King Edwin is forced to receive the Faith: for be∣ing put to flight by King Edil∣frid, after a world of shifts, he findes entertainment with King Redwall, who notwith∣standing at the threats of Edel∣frid resolved to deliver him up to his enemies. Edwin, having secret intelligence thereof, and being greatly perplext in mind, in the depth of the night, saw an unknown man come to him, telling him, that he knew well the cause of his grief; and that he would ease him of it, and make him King and Conquerour of his Ene∣mies, and that in power he should surpasse all his Proge∣nitours, and all the Kings of the English. Lastly, He told him, that he would give him more profitable Counsel for

his souls health, than any of his Predecessours ever had, so that he would promise to hearken thereunto. All which he joyfully promised. Then this stranger laid his right hand upon Edwins head, say∣ing: When these things shall happen remember this our dis∣course, and perform your promise; so he vanisht that Edwin per∣ceived it was no man. In the morning he understood that King Redwall had changed his minde of betraying him into a purpose of giving him an Ar∣my to restore him, whereby he conquered King Edilfrid. In this battel King Redwals son was slain, and so besides the re∣covery of his own Kingdome, he was made Heir apparent to King Redwall. For all this, he still remain'd slack to embrace

our Faith, though Paulin ear∣nestly preacht the word of God unto him. Yet he us'd to retire himself, to think what Religion was best: Once as he was in this retirement, Paulin entring the Palace, and (as if he had known in spirit what visi∣on the King in his banishment had received) comming to him, he laid his right hand up∣on his Head, asking him, Whe∣ther he remembred that signe or no? The King trembling for fear, would have faln down at Paulins feet; but he lifting him up, said: You have escape the hands of your Enemies, you have obtaind the height of sove∣raignty, be now mindfull of the last thing you promised, and de∣fer it no longer.

Chap. 13.

The King hearing these words, answered, he was bound to receive the Faith, which Paulin Preacht: But yet he desired to confer there∣of with the Nobility and Peers of his Realm: whereunto Paulin assenting: the Assem∣bly is call'd, the abandoning of Idolatry resolv'd upon; Coify, Chief Priest of the false gods offers himself to be the first to demolish them: so clad in Ar∣mour, and mounted on the Kings horse, he casts a spear at the Idol, commanding the I∣dolatrous Altars to be fired; which was performed.

Chap. 14.

King Edwin with all the Nobility and most of the Commons received the Faith, and were Baptiz'd on Easter∣day, An. 627, in Saint Peters Church at York, which he had set up of wood, whilest he was Catechiz'd. Here the King assigned a Bishops See for Pau∣lin, at whose request he built a large Cathedral, enclosing that of Wood, where he had been Baptiz'd. Paulin hence∣forth preacht the word of God continually, and they believ'd him, and were Christ'ned: And the fervour of Faith, and desire of holy Baptism was so great, that he was staid at Court 36. dayes, busied in ca∣techizing, and instructing the

people in the Faith of Christ. In the Countrey of the Deiri, he baptiz'd in the floud Swale, for as yet, there could not be built Oratories, Fonts, or Bap∣tisteries: Yet was there built a great Church in the planes called Downs, which the Pa∣gans that slew King Edwin burnt; but the Altar escaped the fire, being of stone, and is kept in the Monastery of the reverend Abbot Trumvulse.

Chap. 15.

King Edwins zeal and devo∣tion was so great towards the Christian Faith, that he per∣swaded Carpwell, King of the East English, to leave the vain superstition of Idols, and with his whole Realm to embrace the true Faith, and receive the

Sacrament of Christs Church. King Redwalls Carpwels Father was Christned before in Kent, but he was quickly seduced a∣gain by his Wife. He seem'd to serve both Christ and his false Gods; for in one Temple, he erected an Altar for the Sacri∣fice of Christ, and another for his Idols. Felix Bishop, and a holy Preacher, being sent by Honorius Archbishop, to preach the Word of God to the East-English, found plenty of fruit, and encrease of Believers; for he brought the whole Pro∣vince unto the Faith.

Chap. 16.

Relates, How Paulin the Bi∣shop preaching the word of God in the Province of Lin∣desi, bulit a Church in the chief

City, where every year some miraculous Cures were wrought.

Chap. 17.

Relates, How Honorius (Bo∣nifacius his Successor) was Bi∣shop of Rome, and sate in the See Apostolick: who under∣standing that the King of Northumberland and all his Subjects were converted to the Faith by Paulinus his preaching, sent him a Pall and Letters also to King Edwin, ex∣horting him to go forward in the true Faith.

To the most Puissant and his most vertuous Son in our Lord, Edwin King: Honorius ser∣vant of the servants of God. What are we better able to offer to God than by persisting in good

works, to worship and render him deserved praises. We exhort you (dearly beloved Son) with Fatherly affection, &c. (A little after he writeth) Read St. Gre∣gorie's your Apostles works, and set his doctrine ever before your eyes, that his prayers may ad∣vance your kingdome and people, and represent you irreprehen∣sible unto the Almighty. We have provided those things, which you wisht might be ordai∣ned for your Priests. We have two Palls for the Primats, Hono∣rius and Paulinus, commanding that when one of them is called out of this life, the surviver sub∣stitute by this our Authority an∣other in his place▪

Chap. 18.

About this time died Justus, Archbishop, and Honorius suc∣ceeding was consecrated Archbishop of Canterbury by Pauline: He was the Fifth af∣ter St. Augustine, to whom Pope Honorius sent a Pall, or∣daining that when either the Bishop of Canterbury or Yorke died, the surviver should have power to Consecrate another in the place of the deceased, that so they should not need to travell and toile by Sea and Land to Rome, as often as an Archbishop was to be ordai∣ned.

The Copy of the Popes let∣ter to Honorius.

Labour in preaching the Go∣spel, and follow the rule and steps

of your Head and Master, blessed Gregory, &c. As for the privi∣ledges of your Churches, we have not delay'd to grant you such things as We thought fit. And now We in the place of St. Peter, Prince of the Apostles, grant un∣to you Authority, &c. Here fol∣loweth the grant specified in the beginning of this Chapter, Dated, An. 633.

Chap. 19.

Pope Honorius sent letters to the Scots (whom he under∣stood to erre in the observati∣on of Easter) exhorting them that they would not esteem their small number wiser than the Churches of Christ, either antient or newly converted, in celebrating any other Easter than after the common ac∣count,

and according to the Uniform Decrees of all the Bi∣shops of the world assembled in Councel.

Chap. 20.

Relates, How King Edwin was slain, his Army defeated, his Kingdomes over-run by Penda the Idolater, and Cardu∣ëlla; so that there was no safe∣ty but in flight. Then Bishop Paulin return'd to Kent, bring∣ing with him a fair golden Cross and Chalice consecrated to the use of the Altar, which are to be seen in the Cathedral of Canterbury. There he go∣vern'd the See of Rochester, and left his Pall, which he had re∣ceiv'd from the Pope of Rome. James the Deacon left by Pau∣lin at York; set up a School for

Church Musick, according to the fashion of Rome, and Dio∣cess of Canterbury.

The Third Book.

Chap. 1.

RElates, how the Kings Os∣rich and Eandfrid, fell to Idolatry, whereupon they de∣served not to be accounted to our Kings, but their years are numbred to holy King Oswald next following.

Chap. 2.

The place is shew'd untill this day, and had in great ve∣neration, where Oswald who

slew Carduëlla, before the bat∣tell, set up the signe of the holy Cross, beseeching God hum∣bly on his knees to succour them in their distress: Having with his own hands set up the Crosse, he said to the Army: Let us all kne••l down and pray the Almighty to help us. In the place where he made his pray∣er, many miraculous Cures are known to be done, in token of his Faith. Untill this day, many doe usually cut chips from the wood of that holy Cross, which casting into water, and giving the sick thereof, both men and beasts to drink, or sprinkling them therewith, they are restored to health. The place is called Heavenfield, signifying, that in that place, a heavenly memorial should be set up, and heavenly miracles

be wrought even till our daies. The Religious of Hagulsden Church for a long time have us'd to come every year, upon the Eve and Day that King Os∣wald was slain, to keep Dirges for his soul; and in the morn∣ing after Psalms, solemnly to offer for him the Sacrifice of the holy Oblation: By conti∣nuance of this custome, the place is become more holy, and is now honored by all, for the Church dedicated in the same place. We shal relate one of many miracles, wrought at this Crosse. One of the Re∣ligious of Hagulsden, by name Bothelmus (who liveth yet) when by chance, going on the Ice, by a fall broke his Arm, in so much that he could not lift it to his mouth, pray∣ed one of the brethren to

bring him a piece of that blessed wood, saying, that by Gods grace he might finde help thereby. He did so, giving the party some of the Moss where∣with the wood was covered, which putting into his bosome in the night, he found himself (soon after) whole and sound.

Chap. 3.

Relates, how Aidan the Bi∣shop being sent from the Scots to King Oswald, the King him∣self became interpreter to his Nobles, whilest the Bishop preacht to them. Possessions were given by the King to∣wards the founding of Religi∣ous Houses. The little Chil∣dren and Ancienter sort, were by the Scots train'd up in ob∣servance of Regular Discipline,

for they were for the most part Monks as Aidan was, whose House was for no smal time, the head of all the Monasteries of the Northern parts, and of the Abbeyes of the Redshanks, which was bestow'd upon the Monks in consideration of their Sermons and preaching.

Chap. 4.

In the year 565. A Priest and Abbot, venerable both in Habit and Religious life call'd Columban came from Ireland into Britany to preach the word of God, in the North. The Southern Redshanks had long before receiv'd the Faith, the word of God being preacht unto them by the reverend and blessed Bishop Ninia, who was at Rome, perfectly taught Martin,

the Faith; whose See the Eng∣lish hold to this day famous for the name and Church of St. Martin, where his and many other Saints bodies are. An Island was given Columban by the King towards erecting of a Monastery. Moreover he had a renowned Monastery in Ire∣land, out of both which, very many Monasteries were after founded by means of his Schollers. These in observing the high Feast of Easter, trusted to uncertain computes, and no marvel, since none sent them the Decrees made in general Councels, for the keeping thereof: yet they diligently observed all such works of de∣votion, and chaste demeanour, as they could learn in the Pro∣phets, Gospels, and the Apo∣stles writings. This erronious observance of Easter, lasted 150

years. At last the reverend Fa∣ther and Priest Ecbert reform'd them, causing them to keep the same in due time.

Chap. 5.

From this Convent of Monks founded by St. Colum∣ban, Aidan was sent, and con∣secrated Bishop, to instruct England in the Faith. His life so far surmounted the luke∣warmnesse of our times; that all his companions, as well sha∣ven Monks, as Laicks, gave themselves to continual Medi∣tation. Every devout person (except between Easter and Whitsontide) took up a custom to continue Fasting every Wednesday and Fryday, until three of the clock in the after∣noone. See many excellent

things of Aidan in Bede.

Chap. 6.

Relates, Oswalds rare Piety, for which God gave him all the Dominions of four several languages, the Britans, Picts, Scots and English. It is also re∣lated, how King Oswald be∣stowed a Silver dish with dain∣ties on the poor, who begg'd at dinner time. The Bishop delighted with such a work of mercy, took him by the right hand, saying; I pray God this hand may never be consum'd. Which came to pass, for being slain, and his hands cut off, that hand to this day remains uncorrupt, and is reserved in a silver Shrine in St. Peters Church, where with due ho∣nour it is worshipt by all.

Chap. 7.

Relates, How the West-Sax∣ons with their King, receiv'd the Faith, by Bishop Birinus his preaching, who came into Britany by Pope Honorius his appointment, promising to sow the seeds of the holy Faith in the remotest parts of Eng∣land. By the same Popes com∣mand, the Bishop of Genua con∣secrated him.

Chap. 8.

In the year 640. Erconbert was King of Kent, and the first of the Kings of England, who by Princely Authority com∣manded the Idols throughout his Realm should be destroy∣ed, and that the Fast of forty

dayes should be kept, appoint∣ing due punishment for the transgressours thereof. Ear∣tongarth, this Kings daughter was a Virgin of rare virtue, serving God in a Monastery in France all the dayes of her life. For in those days, when many Monasteries were not yet built in England, divers for the love to Religious life were wont to go to the Religious Houses of France, sending also their daughters thither to be brought up, and espoused to the heavenly Bridegrome. The Inhabitants thereabout, even at this day, relate many vertuous deeds and miracu∣lous signes wrought by this Virgin dedicated to God. The time of her departure being at hand, she began to visite the Cel•• of the sick in the Mona∣stery,

unto whose Prayers commending herself, she signi∣fied her approaching houre, as she had understood it by reve∣lation. Many brethren of the Monastery in the other house, reported, how at the same time they heard the melody of An∣gels singing, and a noise as it were of a great multitude coming into the Monastery: and going forth, they beheld an exceeding bright light sent down from Heaven. Which conducted her soule to the joyes of Heaven They re∣port other miracles shew'd by the Hand of God in the same Monastery. The honourable body of Christs Virgin and Spouse was buried in the Church of St. Stephen. Three dayes after, they remov'd it, rearing the grave-stone high∣er:

at the doing whereof, so sweet a smell came from the Earth, that to all the Brethren and Sisters, there seem'd to be opened Cellars of natural balm. ••delburge also Aunt to Eartongath, preserv'd the glory of perpetual Virginity (which is so dear to God) in great chastity of body. How great her virtue was, appear'd more fully after death: for seven years after, her body was found as uncorrupt, as it had been free from stain of carnal concupiscence, and was trans∣lated into the Church of St. Stephen.

Chap. 9.

Relates, How Oswald the most Christian King was slain, at a place called Maserfield. How great the Faith of this King was, and how servent his

devotion appear'd after his death, by sundry Miracles: for to this day Cures both of men and beasts are daily wrought in the place where he was slain. Many carried away the dust where his body fell, and casting it into water, cured thereby many infirmities. This was so often done, that (by ta∣king away the Earth) so deep a pit is now made, that a man may stand upright in it. And no marvel that sick persons are recovered in the place where he died, who all his life time bestow'd his time in gi∣ving Alms, and comforting the Needy. Very many miracles are reported to be done by the dust of that place. The Horse of a passenger, hard by this place falling down, became so ill that he gave him for lost.

The horse tumbling himself about, at last, lighted on the the place where Oswald fell, and suddenly starting up was whole. The Passenger quick∣ly understood what it meant, and marking the place, came to his Inn, where he found a young maid who had been a long time molested with the Palsie. He told them what had hapned, whereupon they car∣ried her in a Cart to the place, where being laid down, she slept awhile, and soon after waking, she found her self cu∣red, and return'd on foot home with those that had brought her thither.

Chap. 10.

Relates, How a little linnen bag full of the earth where

King Oswald fell dead, being casually hung upon a post in a house, that was quite burnt down: this onely post re∣main'd untoucht by the fire, upon which occasion, many resorting to that place where King Oswald shed his bloud, were there cured.

Chap. 11.

Among other miracles I cannot omit to relate, what hapned when King Oswalds bones were translated to the Church where they now are. When towards Evening the Charriot was come, wherein the bones were, they of the Monastery of Beandaman were unwilling to receive them: for although they had known him for a blessed man, yet by

reason he was a Forreigner born, and had subdued them by Conquest, they hated his memory. So it fell out that the Reliques remain'd abroad all night: yet was there a great Pavilion extended over the Chariot, where the Reli∣ques were. But a Miracle from heaven declared with how great reverence those Bones were to be receiv'd of all faith∣full people: for all night long a pillar of light stood reaching from the Chariot (wherein they were) unto Heaven, clear∣ly beheld almost in all places of the Province: which made the Brethren of the Monastery now earnestly desire, that those holy Reliques might be laid up in their House. They were therefore enclos'd in a shrine, and placed with ho∣nour

in the Church. The wa∣ter wherewith his bones were washt being poured out in a corner of the Vestry, from that day forward, the earth which receiv'd it, had a speciall vir∣tue in driving Devils out of possest bodies. An Abbesse (who is yet alive) desir'd some of the Earth to be given her, upon which this water was poured out, and with it retur∣ned home. It hapned that a stranger came to her Mona∣stery, who was wont to be vext with an unclean Spirit, and at night began to foame, gnash his teeth, and rage, no body being able to hold him. The Abbess repaires to that quar∣ter where the Men lodg'd, and calling the Priest, went with him to the Patient: Where the Priest began to say the ex∣orcisme;

That not sufficing, the Abbess commanded her Maid to go bring her the little cabbinet, wherein that Earth (we spoke of) was reserv'd. As soon as the Maid was come with it (from the Nunns quar∣ter) into the Court of that House where the possess'd Per∣son was, he grew silent and be∣gan to rest, and as it were, sleep; and soon after rising up, he said; I feel my self whole. They asked him how this came to pass: And he answered: As soon as this Virgin with the Ca∣binet which she brought, ap∣proch't the Court of the House, all the wicked Spirits that molested me departed. Then the Abbess gave him of that dust, and the Priest saying some Prayers, he past over the night most quiet∣ly, and was perfectly freed.

Chap. 12.

In the same Monastry, a lit∣tle Boy had been long sick of an ague, and was expecting his fit, when one of the Brethern comming in said: My Son Ile tell thee how thou mayest be cu∣red: rise and go sit thee down at the Tombe of Oswald and be sure thou stirrest not thence till the howre be over, in which thy fit useth to leave thee: then I will come and bring thee forth. The Boy did so, and his Ague durst not presume to seize up∣on him at the Tombe of the Saint. That this hapned thus, a Brother, who came from thence, told me, adding how at that very hower the youth was living in that Monastery, who was thus cured by Mira∣cle.

It is not to be wondred that the Prayers of that King now in Heaven, may obtain much of God, who having a Temporall Kingdome accu∣stomed himself to continuall Prayer, & even died praying; for as he was slain, he prayed to God for the Soules of his Souldiers; whereupon arose that old Proverbe: God have mercy on their souls, quoth Os∣wald, when he dyed himself.

Chap. 13.

The Reverend Bishop Acca, used to tell how he heard Wille∣brord that holy Bishop of Frize∣land report what, had been done abroad by the wonder∣ous Reliques of this Vertuous King. A certain Scholler careless in his life, being at the

point of death, with great re∣morse of his sins, made a pur∣pose if he recovered to amend, saying; If God of his mercy grant me to escape death, I re∣solve to mend my life, yet I know I have deserv'd no truce, except by the help of such as have faith∣fully served God, he of his mer∣cy will pardon mee. We have heard there hath been a King of wonderfull holiness called Os∣wald, the Excellency of whose Faith and Vertue, even after his death was well known by work∣ing frequent Miracles. I beseech you (speaking to the standers by) if you have any of his Reli∣ques, bring me them: It may be God will have mercy on me through his Merits; to whom I made answer, (saith Wille∣brord) I have of the tree, where∣upon his head was stuck after he

was slain, and if thou wilt be∣leeve assuredly; God by the Me∣rits of so worthy a Person may grant thee longer life: Who an∣swering he did believe; I blest (saith Willebrord) some water, casting into it a shiver of the said Oake, giving it the sick man to drink, and forthwith he recover∣ed, and reform'd his life, and li∣ving long after, declar'd to all men the favour of our Maker, and the glory of his servant.

Chap. 14.

Relates how Oswin was slain by Osway, where afterward in satisfaction for the sin, there was a Monastery built, wherein daily Prayers were offered up to God for Redemption of both the Kings souls, the Mur∣derer and murdered. It Relates also the admirable Vertue of

King Oswin how Aidan the Bi∣shop foretold his death and twelve days after died himself.

Chap. 15.

Relates, How God by many Miracles declared to the world how worthy a Man Aidan the Bishop was, and how Ʋtta a Priest being sent into Kent to fetch Eansled, King Edwins Daughter, the Bishop at his setting forth blessing him, gave him hallowed oile, say∣ing, I know that at your taking ship you will have a Tempest: But remember to cast into the sea this oile that I give you. All which hapning as Aidan had foretold: the Priest take∣ing the oile, cast of it into the sea and immediately there en∣sued a Calme. This I had

(saith Bede) from the faith∣full relation of Cinimond Priest of our Church, who said, he had it from Ʋtta himself to whom this hapned.

Chap. 16.

Relates, How by the Pray∣ers of Aidan Bishop, the fire, which the Enemy had defign∣ed to burne a Towne besieg'd, returned upon themselves, making them quit the siege.

Chap. 17.

Relates, How the Vertuous Bishop Aidan departed this life the 17th, year of his Bishop∣rick. Not long after a Church being dedicated to the ho∣nour of the most blessed Prince

of the Apostles, his bones were translated thither, and plac∣ced on the right side of the Altar, with much honor as he deserved. When King Pen∣da set fire on the Church, that Post onely, whereunto this ho∣ly Bishop leaned at his death, could by no force of fire be consum'd. The Miracle be∣ing known and spread abroad, the Church was again built: but the like hapned the se∣cond time: Whereupon at the reedifying of the Church the third time in memory of the Miracle, the Post was laid as a thrashold for people to kneel on, and make their pra∣yers to God. And tis well known that, divers in that place have been cured of di∣seases, and by the water where in Chipps cut from the Post

have been dipt, many have had their health restored them.

Chap. 18.

Relates, How King Sigibert was so enflam'd with the love of God, that leaving his Realm he entred into a Monastery, where being shaven he addict∣ed himself to a heavenly war∣fare.

Chap. 19.

Relates, How Furseus en∣couraged by a Vision, built the Monastery, the King had given him, planting therein Regular discipline. Also how from his childehood he gave himself to the reading of ho∣ly Scripture, and Monasticall

observance, building another Monastery, wherein he might wholy attend to watching and praying, where being sick he was rapt in spirit, and saw the blessed company of Hea∣ven and great conflicts he had with the wicked spirits, who prevaild not, the holy Angels guarding and defending him. Moreover in a number of strāg visions he saw the evill spirits tormenting men in fire, and they did fling one of them at him, whom the Angel flung back, which neverthelesse did so burne Furseus, that when he was restored again to his body the tokens of the scorching remain'd visible to all in his shoulder and cheek all the dayes of his life after. His body being removed to the High Altar, was found uncor∣rupt.

And the year following the same hapned, being to be translated to the east side of the Altar. In which place it is well known that his Merits have been much renown'd by many Miracles wrought by the Power of God.

Chap. 20.

Tells the death of Honorius, Archbishop of Canterbury and how Deus-dedit succeeded.

Chap. 21.

Relates, How the Middle-English with Penda their King (Son to Penda the ••erfecutor) and his Nobles were conver∣ted by Finan first a Monke and after Bishop of Lindesferne.

Chap. 22.

Relates, How the East-Sax∣ons, after their apostacie were converted. Sigibert their King having one in his Court that lived in unlawfull wedlock, and being excommunicated and all that kept him compa∣ny by the Bishop, the King neglecting this sentence, for the evill example, and because he would not refrain from go∣ing to the house of that wick∣ed man, was told by him, that in that house he should die. And the event proved true, for he was there slain by Penda King of the Mercians. Yet it is to be presumed that the cause of his death (which was for observing Christs com∣mand) did not onely wipe a∣way

this fault but encrease his his merit. Swidhelm succeeded Sigibert, who was baptised by Cedde. Edilwald King of the East-English, being his God∣father.

Chap. 23.

Edilwald, Son to King Os∣wald, perceiving Cedde to be a wise and vertuous man, gran∣ted him a plat of ground, for the building a Monastery, where he and his people might pray and hear the word of God: For he believed he should be much furthered by the prayers of those that ser∣ved God there. Cedde's bro∣ther preached and ministred the Sacraments to him and all his Court. The holy Bishop chose out a place for a Mona∣stery

and desiring by prayer and fasting to cleanse it, re∣maind there all the forty daies of Lent fasting and praying. All these dayes (excepting Sun∣dayes) he fasted untill Even∣ing: for he said the custome of them, from whom he learnt Monasticall life, was that in erecting of any new Monastery the place should be first conse∣crated to God by fasting and prayer. He ordain'd in the Monastery of Lesting, the same Rules and constitutions of Re∣ligion, which the Monks of the Holy Island had. As he visited the Monastery in the time of the Plague he dyed thereof. A Church being after built in honour of our Lady, his body was taken up and placed on the right side of the

Altar. A while after thirty Bre∣theren of the Monastry of the East Saxons came to the place where he died, desiring ei∣ther to live by the body of their Father, or (if it so pleas'd God to die there) Who being received, by the Brethren in time of the Plague, were all ta∣ken out of this life, except one youth who (as tis wel known) was sav'd by the prayers 〈◊〉〈◊〉 this holy Father. For after∣wards we understood that he had not bin christned, whence it was beleeved that he was without doubt preserved by the intercession of the Father, whose Corps he so piously vi∣sited.

Chap. 24.

Relates, How vertuous King Oswin of Northumberland, cal∣led for the help of God against Penda, who threatned to de∣stroy little and great in his Kingdome. He tried to ap∣pease him by gifts, that not succeeding, he said, Since this Infidel regardeth not my Pre∣sents, let us offer presents to our Lord, who will receive them; so he vowed that if he vanquisht him, his daughter should be consecrated to God in perpe∣tuall Virginity, and that twelve Farms with Lands should be converted. to the founding of Monasteries. Thus with a very smal Army, he of∣fered him battle, though the Enemy was reported to have

thirty times as many men. The victory being by Gods help miraculously obtained, Oswin instantly performed his Vow, giving his daughter Elfled, not yet a year old, to be brought up, and consecrated to perpe∣tual virginity, as also the twelve Possessions towards the founding of Monasteries; where, instead of worldly Til∣lage, Religious Monks by con∣tinuall devotion might labour to purchase eternal rest for him and his Countrey. She entred first the Monastery of Horstherland (now Hartsey) to be brought up under Hilda Abbesse in Religion, and per∣petual Virginity. But after∣wards she built a Monastery, call'd Stranshalt, in which she was first a Scholler, but after a Teacher of Monasticall life,

untill at the age of threescore, she past to the blessed mar∣riage of her Heavenly Spouse, being buried in the Church of St. Peter, the Apostle. Eanfled required of Osway (who kill'd Oswin) in part of satisfaction to erect a Monastery, call'd Inge∣lith, whereof Trumher was Ab∣bot, to the intent, that there might be daily prayer made for the salvation both of him that was slain, and him that slew him.

Chap. 25.

About this time arose a great Controversie touching the observation of Easter. By this variance it hapned often, that in one year two Easters were kept, the King ending his Fast, and solemnizing the Feast

of Easter, the Queen with her company, continuing in fast∣ing kept Palm-sunday, yet this diversity as long as Aidan liv'd was by al tolerated, for though in observing Easter, he follow∣ed the custom of those, with whom he was brought up, yet he believed as all others did, and kept unity with all. Al∣fred the Kings son, being in∣structed by the learned Wilfrid, preferr'd his judgment before all the traditions of the Scots. This Wilfrid for better instru∣ction, had travell'd to Rome, and lived long with Delphinus Archbishop of Lions, under whom he shaved his crown, according to the custome of the Clergy. Alfred gave him a Monastery in a place which is called Humpud, one for learn∣ing & virtue worthy thereof.

A Synod is call'd in the Mona∣stery of Strensalt, for the deci∣ding of this question. Wilfrid, commanded by the King and Bishop, spake thus in answer to the Scots, and to Colman their chief Bishop. The Easter by us observed, we have seen so observed at Rome, where the blessed Apostles Peter and Paul liv'd, preacht, suffered and are buried. This manner we have seen in all Italy and France. This we know to be observed, in Afrike, Asia, Aegypt and Greece, and throughout all Nations, and tongues of the world, where the Church of Christ taketh place, except these few, and others of like obstinacy, the Picts & Britans, with whom these men do fond¦ly contend against the whole world. God forbid, said Wilfrid

that we should charge St. John, For he, in his observation kept the decrees of Moses law lite∣rally, according as the whole Church followed yet in ma∣ny things after the Jewish manner. For the Apostles were not able upon the sud∣den to blot out all customes, and rites of the law, instituted by God himself. This they were forced to bear for a time, least the Jews that lived a∣mong the Gentiles might be offended: Upon this conside∣ration, St. Paul did circumcise Timothy. Now the light of the Gospel shining through the world, it is not lawfull for any Christian to be circumci∣sed. Peter preaching his Go∣spel at Rome, remembring that our Lord rose the first day af∣ter the Sabath, understood the

observation of Easter in such sort, that he lookt for the ri∣sing of the Moon at Evening in the 14th. day of her Age, in the first moneth; at the rising whereof at Evening, if the morrow after were Sunday, he began in that very Evening to observe the Feast of Easter, as all we do to this day: but if Sunday were not the next morrow after the 14day of the Change of the Moon, but the 16, 17, or any other untill the 21. he tarried for the Sunday, and that Saturday before he began the holy solemnity of Easter. And it was by the Nicene Councel not newly decreed, but confirmed, that this is the true observation of Easter, and so of all Christians to be cele∣brated. As for your Father and his followers; I doe not

think it was much prejudiciall against them, as long as they had yet receiv'd no instruction to the contrary; but I rather suppose (seeing they willingly followed such commands as they knew) they would also have conform'd themselves to the Catholike judgment, if they had been so informed. But you & your companions, if hearing the decrees of the See Apostolike, or rather of the Universall Church, and that also confirmed in holy Writ, follow not the same, you offend and sin undoubtedly. For though your Fathers were holy men, could these few pre∣judice the whole Church of Christ spread through the World; and if your Father Columban were holy and migh∣ty in miracles, yet may he not

be preferr'd before the most blessed Prince of the Apostles, to whom our Lord said, Thou art Peter, and upon this Rock I will build my Church, and Hell gates shall not prevaile a∣gainst her; And to thee I will give the Keys of the kingdome of Heaven. The King hearing this, said, Agree ye both in this, that these words were principally spo∣ken unto Peter, and that unto him the Keys of the Kingdome of Heaven were given? When both answered yes, the King concluded, saying; I tell you I will not gainsay, such a Porter as this is, but as far as I know, and am able I will endeavour in all points to obey his Ordinan∣ces, least perhaps when I come to the doores of Heaven; I finde none to open them to me, having his displeasure, who is so clearly

proved to bear the Keys thereof. Thus they all embraced the more perfect observance.

Chap. 26.

Colman the Scottish Bishop, seeing his Doctrine disproved, departed for Scotland, taking with him, such as refused to accept of the Catholike obser∣vation of Easter, and of the carrying of a round shaven Crown. Cedda embraced the Catholike Tradition, and Tu∣da was made Bishop of the Northern men, wearing after the manner of that Countrey a shaven Crown, and obser∣ving Easter after the Catholike manner. In holy Island Eata a reverend Father, once Abbot of Mailrose, was made Abbot over the Monks. Colman de∣parting

took with him some of the bones of Bishop Aidan, part also he left in the Church, where he was Bishop, laying them up in the Vestry.

The same Chapter, further Relates of the Monks of this Monastery, how greatly they abstain'd from all pleasure; if they took any money of rich men, they presently gave it to the poore, and the eminent and wealthy never came but to pray and hear the Word of God: and those that came contented themselves with the religious mens simple fare, looking for nothing above the ordinary. The Rulers of the Church sought not to pamper the body, but to save the soul; whence it came to passe, that even the Habit of Religious men was had in great Venera∣tion:

so that when any of the Clergy or Religious came forth, he was joyfully recei∣ved of all, as the Servant of God. And if any were going a journey, the people ran to them, and with great reve∣rence, desired to have their blessing either by hand or mouth. And when they made any Exhortation, as they past by, every man gladly hearken∣ed unto them. Upon Sundaies ordinarily the people went to Church or Cloisters, not to eat and drink, but to hear the Word of God, and if any Priest came abroad into the Villages, the Inhabitants would flock a∣bout him, desiring of him some lesson or instruction. The Clergy in those dayes seldome went abroad, but to Preach, to Christen, to visite the sick, or

for the cure of Souls: Neither would they in those daies take territories or possessiosn to∣wards building of Monasteries, but through earnest sute, and almost forc't thereto.

Note here, upon the departure of Colman, that the Scots converted by Palladius, An. 422. as was said, B. 1. C. 13. did not disagree in Faith from those sent by St. Gre∣gory, and later Popes into England in any one of those points, in which the Pro∣testants now differ from the Roman Faith. They disa∣greed not about the Mass, about Prayer for the dead, Prayer to Saints, about the reall Presence, or any such point. All the disagreement was about the time of keep∣ing

Easter, and the manner of Tonsure. Whence it is evident that Rome, in the points now in Controversie, taught the very same this year 664 which it had taught the Scots by Palla∣dius, An. 423. And what it taught then, it taught the Britans, An. 156. as I noted above B. 2. C. 2. see that place: see also the Preface. Number 1.

Chap. 27.

Relates, how divers English young men undertook a stricter course of Religious ob∣servance in Ireland, and how Egbert lying sick, vow'd never to return home to his Coun∣try, but to live as a Pilgrim all his life. Besides the ordinary

service of Canonicall houres, he vowed to say every day the whole Psalter, and fast once e∣very week one whole day. His request upon his Vow was heard, as by revelation Edel∣thun his companion told him; for recovering of his sickness, he was made Priest, and lived worthy of that Vocation. Be∣sides his Vows mentioned, he made and kept others, as that of Fasting the whole Lent: never eating but once a day, and then nothing but bread and thin milk, and that spa∣ringly. This kinde of Fast, he kept forty dayes together be∣fore Christmas, and as long af∣ter Whitsontide all his life.

Chap. 28.

Relates, Wilfrids being con∣secrated Bishop, how return∣ing into England, he instructed much the Church of England, and reduc'd it to Catholike u∣nity, touching external rites, and observances: whereby it came to passe, that Catholike Ordinances taking place, and being daily more and more embrac't; the Scots either yeelded or returned whence they came. Ceadda also is made Bishop of the West Saxons, renowned for Chasti∣ty, Humility and abstinence.

Chap. 29.

The most renown'd Kings of England, Oswin of Northum∣berland,

and Ecbert of Kent, de∣liberated about the peacable government of the Church. For Oswin though bred among the Scots, now understood that the Church of Rome was the Catholike and Apostolicall Church. They both by choise and consent of the Clergy sent Wigheard a Priest of great vir∣tue to Rome, to be consecrated Archbishop, to the end he might consecrate other Bi∣shops, for the Catholike Church of the English tho∣rowout Britany. But before his Consecration, he departed this life, which gave occasion of Pope Vitalians letter to Os∣wi, as followeth.

To our most Honourable Son, Oswi, King.

We perceive your Excellencies

pious devotion, hoping assuredly, that, as you now reign over your people, so in the life to come, you shall reign with Christ, &c. It behoveth you, being now a part of Christ, to fol∣low in all things the rule of the Prince of the Apostles, as well in observing Easter, as in all other things delivered by the Apostles Peter and Paul. As touching one endowed with learning and other qualities, fit to be your Bi∣shop, we cannot so suddenly have one ready, as soon as we shall find one worthy of that vocation we shall direct him to you. The pre∣sents your Higness sent to the blessed Prince of the Apostles, for his perpetuall memory, we have received; beseeching with all our Clergie, the goodnes of God for you. We have sent you the fa∣vours, that is the Reliques of the

blessed Apostles Peter and Paul, and of the holy Martyrs, Lau∣rence, John and Paul, of Gre∣gory and Pancratius, all to be delivered to your Excellency. To your Lady our spiritual daughter, we have sent a Cross, having in it a golden Key, made out of the holy Chains of the blessed Apo∣stles Peter and Paul.

Chap. 30.

Relates, How the East Sax∣ons, in time of the Plague, fell to worship Idols, but were soon reclaim'd,

The Fourth Book.

Chap. 1.

RElates, how upon Wig∣hards death before men∣tioned, the Pope enquired whom he might send for Arch∣bishop to the Church of Eng∣land: In the Monastery of Niridan, not far from Naples there was an Abbot call'd A∣drian, well learned in the Scriptures, throughly instru∣cted in Monastical govern∣ment, and very skilfull in the Greek and Latin tongue. This man was commanded by the Pope, to take upon him the Bishoprick; but he answered, that he was not fit for so high a Degree, yet promising to

produce one worthy of that Vocation; he offered to the Pope a certain Monk, call'd Andrew belonging to a Nunne∣ry, but he being sickly could not perform it. There was at that time in Rome a Monk na∣med Theodore, very learned; him Adrian presented to the Pope, to be consecrated Bishop by him; yet Adrian was to accompany him into England, to have a diligent eye, that Theodore being a Grecian, in∣troduced not after the manner of the Greeks, any doctrine contrary to the Faith received. This man being made Subdea∣con, staid a while in Rome, till his hair was grown, to take the round Ecclesiastical tonsure, which before he had taken, according to the East Church, after the manner of St. Paul.

The King sends Ridfrid his Lievtenant into France to con∣duct him. At his arrival Theo∣dore gave Adrian the Monaste∣ry of St. Peter the Apostle where he was Abbot thirty nine years.

Chap. 2.

Relates, How Theodore ac∣compained by Adrian, visited all the Countrey; and how all men did most gladly receive and hear him. He taught the right way of good life, with the canonical rites and orders of Easter; for he was the first Archbishop unto whom all the whole Church of the Eng∣lish did consent unto; from their entrance into Britany, never was known happier times.

Chap. 3.

Relates, How the most bles∣sed Bishop Chad, who of a Monk of Lesting, was made Bishop, was used to go preach the gospell more on foot than on horse-back. He govern'd after the example of the anti∣ent Fathers in great perfection of life. King Wulpher gave him land to build the Monastery of Etbere, where untill this day the steps of Monastical life, which he began, still remain. His chief residence was at Lich∣field, where he died, and was buried; and where his fear continueth to this day. He made himself a private Man∣sion, whether as often as he was at leisure from the Mini∣stery of the Gospel, he was

wont to repaire to pray and read with seven or eight of the brethren. It hapned, when his houre was come to pass out of this world, he was in the said Closet with one brother only, whose name was Owen; all the rest being return'd to Church, as the houre required: This Owen was a Monk of great per∣fection, and had forsaken the world, with a pure intention and hope of reward in heaven, a man worthy to whom God should reveale his secrets; and of credit in what he saith: For being Governour of Queen E∣dildreds Court, he despoiled himself of all, and came cloth'd in poor apparrel to the Mona∣stery of the said Father. One day, as he was employed a∣broad, the rest being gone to Church, the Bishop being a∣lone

in the Oratory of the House, Owen heard suddenly (as he after told) a most sweet consort of voices singing and rejoycing, coming down from heaven to earth, drawing nee∣rer untill it came to the roof of the Oratory where the Bishop was, where entring it fill'd it, and compast it round about. An houre after, he heard the same joyfull song ascend from the same Oratory to heaven. He being astonisht, the Bishop opened the Oratory window, beckening with his hand, whereupon Owen came to him; to whom the Bishop said, Go quickly to the Church, and call those seven br••thren hi∣ther. Being come, he admo∣nisht them to keep among themselves, and towards all Charity, to follow the rule••

and orders of Monastical di∣scipline, which they had ei∣ther learnt of him, or of their forefathers. Then he told them that his departure was nigh, For the most lovely guest (quoth he) that was wont to vi∣sit our brethren (many had died of the Plague out of the Mo∣nastery) hath vouchsafed this day to come to me, and call me out of this world. Go ye to Church again, and speak to the brethren, That with their Prayers, they both commend unto our Lord my departure, and remember with watching, prayers, and good works to prepare also for their own. When the Bre∣thren had taken his blessing and were gone; Owen casting himself on the ground, said, I pray you good Father what song was that I heard of that

I heard of that joyfull company descending from heaven upon this Oratory, and again return∣ing. He answered if you heard the singing, and understood the comming of the heavenly Companies; I charge you to tell no man thereof before my death. They were indeed An∣gels who came to call me to the heavenly rewards, which I alwayes loved and long'd for, and after seven dayes, they promised they would return and take me with them. The seventh day (as it was promi∣sed) after he had received the body and blood of our Lord, his holy Soul was carried (as we may well believe) by An∣gels to everlasting joy. Among his manifold merits, he was renowned for Chastity, Absti∣nence, Preaching, Prayer, vo∣luntary

Poverty. Agreeable to this Revelation is that which I now adde. Ecbert a Monk in Ireland, whom Higball Abbot went to see, said, He knew one yet alive, who when Chad past out of this world beheld a com∣pany of Angels descend, and car∣ry up his soul with them. St. Chad was buried first neer St. Maries Church, but after∣wards his bones were remov'd to the Church of the most blessed St. Peter Prince of the Apostles, in both which places, in token of his virtue, fre∣quent miracles in healing of the sick are wont to be wrought. One y^t had a Phren∣sie, lying by his tomb all night, the next morning came out well, and in his perfect senses, declaring to the great joy of all, that there he had by Gods

goodnesse got his health. The place is covered over with a wooden tomb like a house, ha∣ving a little hole on the side, wherein they that come thi∣ther for devotion, are wont to put in their hand, and take of the dust, which putting into water, they give to sick beasts, or men to drink; whereby they forthwith become whole.

Chap. 4.

Relates, How the Bishop Col∣man leaving England, took with him some thirty English Monks, and afterwards found∣ed a Monastery for them in Ireland, after the example of the Venerable Fathers, living under rule, and under a regu∣lar Abbot in great continency,

getting their living with the labour of their hands.

Chap. 5.

The year 670. 2. King Oswi of Northumberland died, he bore such affection to the See Apostolike of Rome, that, had he lived, he purposed to have gone thither for to end his life in those holy places, having for that purpose entreated Bishop Wilfrid to be his guide. This Chapter further relates, how Theodore call'd a Synod of Bi∣shops at Hertford.

The result of this Synod was, that they maintain'd the Ancient Canons of the Church: Theodore at the beginning thereof, said; I Theodore, though unworthy, appointed by the see Apo∣stolike

Archbishop of Can∣terbury, &c.

Chap. 6.

Theodore the Archbishop being offended with Winfrid Bishop of the Mercians, for a crime of disobedience, depo∣sed him, appointing in his place Sexwolph, who was foun∣der and Abbot of the Monaste∣ry of Medshamsted, now called Peterborough: Winfrid retur∣ning to his Monastery, Artbear, there piously ended his life: Theodore also appointed Ercon∣wald Bishop of London, whose life and conversation was counted most holy, as to this day his heavenly vertues and miracles do well declare: for his Horse-litter wherein he was wont to be carried, when

he was sick, being yet kept by his disciples, doth daily cure such as have Agues, or are o∣therwise diseased. The very chips also, that are cut off from it, and brought to the sick, are wont to give them speedy re∣medy. He built two goodly Monasteries for himself and his Sister Edilburge, furnishing them with good Rules: that for his Sister at Berring (in Essex) where she was Mother of the Nuns; behaving her self in all vertuous conversa∣tion, as was shewed by Mi∣racles from Heaven.

Chap. 7.

In this Monastery many wonderfull signs and Miracles were shew'd, which for the be∣nefit of posterity are written

by many who knew them: when the Plague raging tho∣row the Island came to this Monastery, and had entred up∣on that part where the men lived, so that daily one or o∣ther was taken out of the world; This good Mother be∣ing carefull of her company (at such a time as the visita∣tion of God, touched that part of the Monastery, in the which the Handmaids of God dwelt by themselves apart from the men) askt the Sisters In what place of the Monastery they would have their bodies bu∣ried when God should visit them? When she could get no cer∣tain answer from them; she and all the rest received a most certain one and from God. For one night as these Handmaids of Christ went forth of the

Chappel after Mattins, to the graves of the Brethren that were dead, singing accusto∣med prayers to our Lord; be∣hold suddenly a light sent down from Heaven in manner of a Sheet came over them, which strook them with such fear, that they ceast from sing∣ing; which brightness (where∣unto the mid-day seem'd night) being again lifted up went to the south part of the Monastery, and there staying awhile, withdrew to heaven; so that none of them doubted, but that the very light which should receive their souls into heaven, did also shew a place for their bodies to rest in.

Chap. 8.

There was a childe about three years old, brought up in this House of Virgins, dedica∣ted to God, to be employed in Meditation among them. This Childe being strucken with the plague, coming to the pangs of death, spake to one of those consecrated Virgins of Christ, calling her by her name Fadgit. This Virgin be∣ing suddenly taken with the sicknesse departed this life, fol∣lowing the voice that called her. Another of the Hand∣maids of God, taken with the same disease, and brought to the last, told them that a cer∣tain holy man appear'd to her, who died the same year, bring∣ing her word, that when the

morning drew neer, she should depart to everlasting light. The Truth was prov'd by the death of the Maid.

Chap. 9.

When Ediburge the pious Mother of this devout congre∣gation was to depart this world, a wonderfull vision was seen by one of the Sisters, whose name was Thorithgid, who had lived long in that Monastery, and was alwayes diligently employed in ser∣ving of God in great humility; she had been tried in sickness by the sweet hand of God, for the space of nine years, to the end that the spot of sin by ig∣norance or negligence contra∣cted might be purged by the fire of tribulation. This wo∣man

towards break of day saw plainly as it were a Corps brighter than the Sun, carried up in a winding sheet from the Dormitory, where the Sister lay, and diligently observing what it was, that drew up the glorious body, she saw, as it were, certain cords, brighter than gold, which drew it so high, till it vanisht away. By this she understood that some of them should shortly die, whose soul should be lifted up to heaven by good works, as by golden cords, which hap∣ned so; for not long after, the Mother of the Covent was de∣livered out of the prison of this flesh, whose life was such, that no man can doubt, but that the entrance to heaven lay open to her. There was in the Monastery a holy Nun,

noble by birth, noble for the love she had of the world to come, who for many years was so bereft of all use of her limbs that she was wholy unable to move her self. This Nun when she knew that the body of the reverend Abbess was brought to the Church to be buried, desired she might be carried thither, and laid down in the posture of one praying. Which done, she spake to the Abbess, as if she had been alive, desi∣ring her to obtain (of God) that she might be loosed from her torments: The Petition was soon granted, for twelve dayes after, she received ever∣lasting reward, in lieu of those temporal afflictions. Thorith∣gid the handmaid of Christ, lived three years after the Ab∣besse, worn out with sicknesse.

The time of her departing be∣ing come, she was speechlesse three dayes and nights; but having her speech restored in a Vision, and being demanded of them, that were about her, to whom she spake; To my most dear Mother Edilburge (quoth she.) By these words, they understood that the holy Abbesse came to bring her word, that the time of her de∣parture was at hand, for soon after she died.

Chap. 10.

Hildehid a devoute hand∣maid of God succeeded Ab∣besse, who many years gover∣ned the Monastery very care∣fully in regular discipline and order. She caused the bones of Edilburge, the holy servant

of Christ to be taken up and removed to the Church of the blessed Mother of God, in which place, how often the brightnes of heavenly light appeared, how often fragrant odours of mervelous sweet∣ness were felt, with other Mi∣racles appeareth in that book; whence we have taken these things. By no means, I think fit to over-passe one miracle which hapned there. An Earls wife had a darkness suddenly came over her eyes, which in the end made her stark blinde: It came into her mind, that if she were but brought to the Monastery of the Virgin-Nuns, and there prayed at the Reliques of the Saints, she might be cured. Being led by her maid to the Monastery, as she pray'd there, her Petition

was heard. For rising from her prayers, she received her sight, so that it seemed she had lost the light of this world, on∣ly to this end; that she might shew by her recovery what, & how great the light is, that Christs Saints have in Heaven, & what their power & virtue is.

Chap. 11.

At that time Sebby a most devout and holy man, raign'd over the East-Saxons: He was much addicted to the exercise of Religion and Virtue, to Prayer and Charity, esteeming a solitary and Monastical life above the riches and honour of a Kingdome: Which life he would long before (leaving his Kingdome) have embra∣ced, but that his wife would not consent. After thirty

years being molested with a very great infirmity; he coun∣sell'd his wife that now at least they should betake themselves to God: which she assenting to. He by the Bishop of London Waldhers hand and blessing receiv'd the Habit of Religion. He bestow'd much money on the poor, reserving nothing for himself; chusing rather to remain poor in spirit for the Kingdome of Heaven. When he perceived death at hand, he sent for the Bishop, desiring that at his passing out of this world, he and two of his Chaplines onely should be present. Then falling asleep, he was comforted by a Vision, which shewing him his end, took from him all fear. He saw (as is reported) three men coming to him clad in bright

garments, and one of them sit∣ting by his bed-side, told him his soul, in great light and sal∣vation, should depart without pain; and that he should die the third day after. All which came to pass. Tis further re∣lated, how the body being longer than the stone Coffin by a hand-breadth, the said Coffin by a miracle (wrought in the presence of a multitude of people) was so enlarged, that at the head they could put a pillow, and at the feet was space longer by foure fin∣gers breadth than the Corps.

Chap. 12.

Ceadwal, having been King of the West Saxons two years, for the love of Heaven, left his Kingdome; and went to Rome,

where he ended his dayes. Two Bishops are appointed in Wilfrids place over Northum∣berland, both taken out of the Cloysters of Monks.

Chap. 13.

Wilfrid the Bishop forc't to leave his Diocess, through the displeasure of the King; yet could not be kept from preaching the Gospel; for he ministred to the South Saxons the Faith and Baptism. King Edilwach was Christned not long before, King Wulpher be∣ing his Godfather at the Font. He Christned also the princi∣pal Lords of the Countrey, the Queen with the rest soon after following. The whole Pro∣vince had never before heard of God, nor of the Faith: yet

was there in the Countrey one Dicull a Monk, who lived in the Monastery of Bosanhun, with five or six brethren, ser∣ving God in an humble and pure life; but the people would not follow them nor hear them. In the end Wilfrid by preaching the Gospel to them, not onely delivered them from eternal damnation, but also from temporal death: For in three years before his coming, it had not raign'd one drop in all those quarters, whereby a very sore famine ensued, which pitifully wasted them. But on the very self same day that the people re∣ceived their Baptisme, and Faith, there fell a most plenti∣full shower, wherewith the Earth flourisht againe, and brought in a most fruitfull

year. The King gave Wilfrid and his companions a place called Scoleycen. There he founded an Abbey, which he bound to monasticall disci∣pline, placing Monks there whose successors hold it to this day.

Chap. 14.

At the same time in this Monastery, were shewed di∣vers gifts of Heavenly grace. When first this Province re∣ceived the name of Christ a sore Plague raign'd in ma∣ny places of England, which coming in to this Monastery, (which the vertuous Priest Eappa governed,) where ma∣ny daily dyed, it seemed good to the Brethren, to ap∣point a fast of three dayes,

humbly to implore Gods mercy. There was in the house at that time a little Boy, lately converted; who was ta∣ken with the sickness: When the second day of Fasting and Prayer was come, it hapned that in the morning, there ap∣peared unto him, the two most blessed and chief Apo∣stles, St. Peter and Paul; (for the boy was innocent, and en∣dow'd with the Sacrament of Faith:) The Apostles saluted him, saying, Son fear not death, for we will this day bring thee to Heaven: but thou shalt stay till the Masses be said, and after thou hast received the Viaticum or journey-earnest, of the body and blood of our Lord, thou shalt be convey'd to everlasting joyes: Call Eappa the Priest, and tell him thus; Our Lord hath heard

your prayers, and looked merci∣fully upon your fasting, there shall not one more dye of the plague in this Monastery; and they that are sick shall recover. But thou alone (said they) shalt be set free, and go unto the Lord, whom thou haft served. Tell them it hath pleased God to doe thus for them, through the inter∣cession of the dear servant of God King Oswald: For on this day was he Martyred by the Infidels, and taken up to Heaven. Let them look their Book, wherein are registred the departed, and they shall find it so: Let them therefore say Masses through all the Oratories of the Monastery, giving thanks, as well that their prayer is heard, as also in the me∣mory of the said King, who for∣merly was their King, and there∣fore earnestly prayed for them, as

for those of his Nation. And when all the brethren are come together to Church, let them be partakers of the heavenly sa∣crifice and so end their fast. All this being related by the boy, the Priest enquired after what manner they appear'd: He answered, They were comely and resplendent in habit, and counte∣nance above any he had ever seen, the one with the celestial Tonsure, the other with a long Beard, and they said, they were Peter and Paul, servants of Christ, sent for the defence of the Monastery. The Priest believing the words by the Boy, seeking in the Records, found that Os∣wald was slain that day: cal∣ling therefore together the brethren, he commanded Mas∣ses to be said, and that all should communicate after the

accustomed manner, and also caused a particle of the same sacrifice of the Lords Oblation to be brought to the sick Boy, which done, he died the same day; confirming by his death the truth of the Apostles words; for no more but he dyed out of the Monastery. By this Vision many were stir∣red up to pray, and call for mercy in adversity, as also to use the wholsome help and medicine of fasting. And from that time, as well in the Mona∣steries, as in very many other places, the Birth-day of the said King, began yearly to be kept holy with celebration of Masses.

The 15. Chapter nothing but Civil Affairs.

Chap. 16.

Relates, How King Cedwall, though not yet Christned, bound himself by Vow, that if he took the Isle of Wight, he would give unto God the fourth part thereof, which he perform'd. He gave it Wilfrid for the service of our Lord. Thus this Island after all the Provinces of Britany was con∣verted.

Chap. 17.

At this time, Theodore, the Archbishop, hearing that the Faith was much opposed at Constantinople, by the Heresie of Eutichus, and desiring that the English Church, which he govern'd might continue free

from any such spot; gathered an Assembly of many Reve∣rend Priests and Doctours, where he found an uniform consent of them in the Catho∣like Faith. Theodore, By the grace of God, Archbishop of the Isle of Britany, and with him sit∣ting the other Bishops at Het∣field, &c. After debate and con∣ference, We have set forth the true Catholike Faith in such sort as our Lord delivered it, &c. We have received the five holy and general Synods of the blessed and beloved Fathers of God, viz. of 318. assembled at Nice against the wicked Arius and his opini∣ons: and of 150. at Constanti∣nople against the fond Sect of Macedonins, and that at Ephe∣sus the first time of 200. a∣gainst wicked Nestorius, and that of Calcedon of a 130. a∣gainst

Eutichus; and at Con∣stantinople the second time, where was assembled the fifth Councell against Theodore and others. Also we receive the Sy∣nod held at Rome, in the time of the most holy Pope Martin: We worship and glorifie our Lord as those men have done, neither ad∣ding nor diminishing; and we excommunicate with heart and mouth, those whom they excom∣municate; and whom they have received, we receive.

Chap. 18.

At this Synod was present, and confirm'd the Catholike Faith, a Reverend man, nam'd John, the cheif Chantour of St. Peters, and Abbot of the Mo∣nastery of St. Martins, who was come from Rome, by command

of Pope Agatho, having for his guide the Reverend Abbot Benedict. For having built a Monastery in England, in ho∣nour of the Prince of the Apo∣stles, he came to Rome (as often before) with Ceolfrid his com∣panion in the same work (after Abbot) and was receiv'd most honourably by the Pope, of whom he obtain'd Letters of Priviledge by Apostolike Au∣thority, as he knew King Eg∣frids will was by whose liberal gift he had erected it. He brought this John with him into England, to teach the Ab∣beyes the yearly course and or∣der of singing, as it was taught at St. Peters in Rome, which he did, teaching the Chantours and Choristers of the Abbey, the order and form of singing and reading; committing to wri∣ting

thosethings which apper∣tain'd to the celebration of the high Feasts and Holy-dayes through the year: which have been hither kept in the same Abbey, and are now in all pla∣ces copied out. They came to hear him from all the Mona∣steries of the Province, and ma∣ny invited him to come unto them: He had in charge from the Apostolike Pope, diligent∣ly to observe what Faith the Church of England profest, and bring him word thereof to Rome: So the Copy of the foresaid Synod was given to him to carry to Rome, wherein the Catholike Faith was found sound and uncorrupt; but in his return he died: His body for the love he bore to St. Mar∣tine (whose Monastery he go∣vern'd) was honourably buri∣ed

at Towers. Neverthelesse, the Copy of the Catholike Faith was brought to Rome, and joyfully received by the See Apostolike.

Chap. 19.

King Egfrid took to wife Ediltrude daughter of the King of the East-Saxons; yet she re∣main'd twelve years a Virgin, as Bishop Wilfrid a man of ho∣ly memory did inform me, en∣quiring purposely thereof, be∣cause some doubted it▪ And that such things may be done in our time, as formerly, (as Hi∣stories witness) we may not question. This also was a signe of the divine Wonder, that the body of the same Virgin, being buried, remain'd uncor∣rupt, which shews she ever li∣ved

untoucht. And tis well known, she long besought the King, that she might forsake the cares of the world, and go into a Monastery to serve Christ: Which having ob∣tain'd, she chose the Monastery of Abbesse Ebba; Bishop Wil∣frid, giving her the Veile and cloathing of a Nun. A year after, she was made Abbesse in the Isle of Ely; where was built a Monastery of Virgins dedicated to God, to whom she proved a good mother, li∣ving a Virgin in example and heavenly life. Tis said, that from the time she entred, she never wore linnen, but wollen onely; very seldome, but on high feasts, or for necessity, did she eat more than once a day. From the time of her first set∣ling to prayer untill day light,

she continued in the Church. They say, she prophesied, she should die of the plague, and declared the number that should die out of the Monaste∣ry. Sexburge her sister succee∣ded Abbesse, who plac'd her Sisters bones in the Church, the Grave being opened, and the body of the holy Virgin and spouse of Christ, taken up, it was found as free from cor∣ruption (though buried six∣teen years) as if she had died the same day, as Bishop Wilfrid and others witnesse; and the cloaths wherein her body was wrapt, appear'd whole, and so new, that they seem'd but then to be put on: It is further re∣lated, How being molested in her life time, with a swelling and pain of her cheek and neck; she rejoyc'd and was

wont to say; I know I deser∣vedly undergoe this pain, for when I was a girle, I wore the superfluous burthen of precious Pearls and necklaces, and I be∣lieve God doth therefore send this pain in my ne••k, that he may so absolve me from the guilt of vae∣nity, whilst in lein of Gold and pretious stones the fiery heate an∣noieth me. It hapned also that by the touching of the said clothes wherein the Corps lay Spirits were expelled out of possest bodies and diseases heal'd. And tis said that the Tombe in which she was first laid, cured those that had sore eyes, who making their pray∣yer, and applying their head to the Coffin, forthwith were freed. The body of the Virgin is kept to this day, and had in great veneration: The Tomb

ready made, was not without miracle found fit for the Vir∣gins body

Chap. 20.

I adde (saith Bede) a Hymne of this Queen and Spouse of Christ, and therefore truly Queen because Christs Spouse. then followeth the Hymne.

Chap. 21.

Nothing but a battell, in which King Elbuine was slain; peace ensued.

Chap. 22.

In the foresaid battell, a thing famous and well known to many hapned, which we may not omit, both for the

profit of the Reader and glory of God. Among the souldiers that were slain, a young man called Imma was left for dead, who at last reviving and binding up his wounds, was taken, and brought before the Commander, he fearing to confesse he was a souldier, said he was a Farmer of the Coun∣try, and had brought victuals to the Campe. The Com∣mander (for all that) at night, commanded he should be kept in Irons; yet none would hold him: for as soon as they were gone that bound him, his Fetters fell off. For he had a Brother, whose name was Tun∣na a Priest, and Abbot of a Mo∣nastery in the City, called this day Tunnacester, who hearing his Brother was slain, came to seek his body, where finding

one like him, he brought him to the Abbey and buried him; and after caused Masses to be said, to obtain Absolution for his soul; by the saying of which Masses it came to passe, that nothing could bind him, but that he was instantly loos∣ed. The Earle that kept him wondered thereat, and inqui∣red of him the cause I have (quoth he) a brother that is a Priest, I know he thinks that I am slain, and therefore doth of∣ten say Masse for me. And if I now were in another world, my soule should be loosed from pains, through his Intercession and Prayers, as my body is hear from fetters. Being recovered, the Earle sent him to London, and sold him to a Marchant of Frizeland, but neither he, nor any else could binde him by

any meanes. The Merchant seeing this, took a ransome for him: For about the third hour in the morning, when Masses began to be said, very often were his Fetters loosed. Imma returning to his Countrey, de∣clared to his brother all that hapned, and he knew by what his brother told him, that his bonds were loosed at those times chiefly, in which Mas∣ses were said for him. He un∣derstood also, that the other great helps that befell him, came from Heaven, through his Brothers Intercession and offering of the saving Host and Sacrifice. Many that heard this, were devoutly inflamed in faith, imployjng them∣selves in Prayer, Almes and Charitable deeds, offering to our Lord Hosts of Sacred Ob∣lations,

and Sacrifices for the delivery of their friends, that were departed this world. For they understood thereby, and knew that the saving sa∣crifice was effectuall to the e∣verlasting Redemption of bo∣dy and soul. This story was told me by them that heard it from the man on whom it was done: and therefore knowing it to be undoubtedly true, I in∣sert it here.

Chap. 23.

The year following, the devout and Religious servant of Christ Hilda Abbesse of Streanshal, after many heaven∣ly deeds, past out of this world to the rewards of heaven: Three and thirty years she li∣ved in a secular life, and as ma∣ny did she dedicate more no∣bly

to our Lord in Monasticall life, she was Daughter to the Nephew of King Edwin. Yet she quitted her secular habit, desiring to go into France, and there in a Monastery, to lead a Pilgrimes life, that so more easily she might enjoy an ever∣lasting Country▪ There liv'd in that Monastery at the same time Herewid her sister, Mo∣ther to Aldulf, King of the East-English; under the rule and discipline of Religion, and after the example of her sister she lived as a stranger out of her own Country: A year af∣ter Hilda being called home by Aidan the Bishop, had a Lordship given her, where she lived a Monastical life with her company. Then was she made Abbesse of a Monastery, called He••rthew which was

built by the devout Handmaid of Christ Heiu who is said to have been the first in Northum∣berland, that took upon her the state and habit of a Nun, be∣ing consecrated by Aidan. This handmaid of Christ go∣veining this Monastery, or∣dered the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 excellently in regular life and discipline: Having ruled, there for some years in great observance and strictnesse of Regular life, she took upon her the building of Streanshal, which she furnisht with the same Rules and Or∣ders. She admirably taught the works of Righteousnesse, Devotion, and Chastity, after the example of the Primitive Church. There was none rich none poor, all was in common, nothing peculiar, or singular, in any one; she made the Reli∣gious

men that lived under her, bestow their time in rea∣ding of holy Scripture, and practise of vertue, that thence might be found men worthy to serve the Altar, whereof five were Bishops of eminent sanctity. One of them called Ostfor, when he had in both Monasteries diligently follow∣ed the reading of Scripture, desirous of further perfection came into Kent, to Archbishop Theodore: he went also to Rome, which at that time was counted a thing of great ver∣tue: As for Hilda, after seven years extraordinary patience in sickness, she died. Her death was revealed by a manifest vi∣sion in another Monastery. There was a certain Nun cal∣led ••egu, who had served our Lord in Monasticall conversa∣tion

and virginity thirty years and more. This Nun taking her rest in the dormitary, heard suddenly the bell ring, which was wont to call them up to prayers, when any of them de∣parted this world; and open∣ing her eyes she saw the roof, and all above full of lights, and the soul of the said handmaid of God in that light carried in∣to heaven, accompanied by Angels. Hereupon she rose and went to the Virgin that was governesse of the Monastery and told her that the Mother of them all, Hilda was depar∣ted, and with a great compa∣ny of Angels ascended to Hea∣ven; then she made the Sisters rise and go to Church, willing then to say prayers & Psalms for the soul of their Mother. At break of day came the Bre∣thren

to bring word of her de∣parture, but they shewed they knew it before. It is reported that in the same Monastery where the Handmaid of Christ died, one of these vow'd Vir∣gins had her departing shewed her in a vision, beholding her sonl going with the Angels to heaven, whilest she was at that time with other handmaids of Christ in the remote places of the Monastery, were such as were newly come to Religion were wont to be tried in a place a part the time of their probation, till instructed in the rule and order, they were admitted to the fellowship of the rest.

Chap. 24.

Contains the vertues of one Cednom, and relates how he be∣came a Monk, and how the night before he died, he desi∣red him who serv'd the sick, to prepare him a lodging in that place where those, who lay a dying, used to be lodged, (commonly called the infir∣mary) who wondering thereat he not seeming near death, did notwithstanding what he de∣sired. About midnight he en∣quired, whether they had the Eu∣charist within? And receiveing it, he askt, How nigh the hour was that the brethren should rise to perform their nightly Laudes? they answered not far off. Then quoth he, let us expect. that hour, being come, signing himself

with the sign of the holy Cross sleeping a while he dyed, be∣coming a Prophet of his own death.

Chap. 25.

Relates, How the Monastery of Virgins in Colloden (now call'd Coldingham in the mar∣ches of Scotland) was burnt, How also in the same Mo∣nastery, one named Adaman led a very devout life in cha∣stity, abstinence, and prayer, so that he did neither eat nor drink except on Sun∣day and Thursday, and often times past over whole nights in Watching and prayer. Ha∣ving in his youth committed a grievous sin, it often occur∣ring to him, he resorted unto a Priest, confest his sin unto him,

and desired his counsel, how to escape the wrath of God. The Priest when he heard his offence, said, A great wound re∣quires a greater cure, give thy self to Fasting and Prayer, to the end thou mayest find God mer∣ciful to thee. But he out of ex∣cessive grief, desiring forth with to be absolv'd from his sins, said, I am young and strong, therefore whatsoever you impose, I will perform to be saved, al∣though it be to passe the whole night in Prayer, and the whole week in abstinence. Tis too much said the Priest; it suffi∣ceth you to fast two or three dayes at once; do this a while then returning unto me, I will declare unto thee, how thou mayest persist in doing Pen∣nance. Some unexpected cause calling this Priest into Ireland,

he departed this life. But A∣daman ever after kept this manner of fasting. The latter part of this Chapter, recounts the vision of one who appear∣ing to Adaman, said, Thou and many others have need to redeem your sins by good works: fore∣telling him the ruine was to befall that Monastery for neg∣lect of due observance which after hapned. This Giles a most Reverend Priest told me, who then lived in that Monastery.

Chap. 26.

Relates, chiefly the Revo∣lution of civil affaires, and some few other passages little to our purpose.

Chap. 27.

Relates, How Cuthbert, a Holy man being consecrated Bishop of Lindis-ferne, lived a solitary life many yeares in great continency, and how first in the Monastery of Mailrose he was an humble scholler to Boisel a man of great vertue and of a Prophetick Spirit. He learned of him the Scriptures and example of good workes His Master dying Cuthbert was made Head of the Monastery, and brought many to a regu∣lar life. He often went out into the villages to preach the way of truth to them that went astray. For it was the custome of England at that time, that when any Clergy∣man or Priest came forth, they

all flock about him to hear the Word, diligently hearkening, and more willingly following in works what they heard. None hid the secrets of his heart from him, but all plain∣ly declared in Confession what they had done, because they imagined, these things were not concealed from him & as he commanded, so did they blot out their sins Confest with wor∣thy fruits of Pennance. He was remov'd from the Monastery of Mailrose (after he had many years excell'd there in great signes of vertue) to Lindisfern, to teach the Brethren the ob∣servance of regular discipline. Aidan first Bishop of that place was a Monk, and did there place and begin Monastical life and conversation, joyning it with his Episcopal Function,

even as the blessed Father Au∣gustine had done in Kent.

Chap. 28.

After this Cuthbert encrea∣sing in merits past further, and led an Anachorets life: The place he made choice of being hanted with spirits, and desti∣tute of Water, Corn and Trees; he, by his prayers, cha∣sing them away, made habi∣table. He commanded the brethren to dig, where the earth was hardest and stoniest, and by his prayers obtain'd such plenty of water, that it suffic••th all to this very day. He commanded also Barley to be sown in a season most im∣proper; and yet he reaped a plentifull crop. Tis related further, How at the Synod of

Atwiford he was compell'd to take the Office of a Bishop, and that which forced him, was that the servant of God Boisell (who with a prophetick spirit foretold many things) had prophesied, that he should be Bishop. He was famous for abstinence and strictnes of life. When he offered the whole∣some Sacrifice to God, it was with tears from the bottome of his heart. Having spent two years in his Episcopal Functi∣on, he return'd to his Mona∣stery, admonisht from God of the day of his death, which he declared to some in obscure words, though afterward plainly understood: To others he openly manifested the same.

Chap. 29.

Relates How Herebert a Priest of great perfection and friend to Cuthbert, led a solitary life, to whom Cuthbert revealing his own death, he fell downe at his feet, requesting him to ob∣taine that he might passe to Heaven with him. Cuthbert ha∣ving made his prayer, told him his request was granted. The event confirmed the Pro∣phesie, for they died both up∣on one day.

Chap. 30.

God being pleas'd to ma∣nifest in how great glory Cuth∣bert lived after his death, whose godly life cxcelled in many Miracles, inspired the

Brethren, a eleven years after to remove his bones. Open∣ing the Tombe, they found the body all whole, as if it were a∣live, the 〈◊〉〈◊〉, joynts, sinues pliable, the garments also see∣med fresh, and resplendent. They went to the Bishop, who was then in a solitary place incompast with the sea. For there was he wont alwayes to keep ••he time of Lent, and for∣ty dayes also before Christmas, in devotion, abstinence and tears: They brought him part of the Clothes that were about the Holy body, which he re∣ceived as an acceptable pre∣sent, and kissing them with great affection rejoyceth to hear of such Miracles. His successor of great vertue Ead∣bert was laid in Cuthberts grave, in which place Mira∣cles

done in restoring the sick, do witness the vertuous lives of them both.

Chap. 31.

Relates, How one was cu∣red of a Palsie at Cuthberts Tombe. The Clothes also wherewith the Holy body was clad, either in his life or after his death, did not want the gifts of healing the sick.

Chap. 32.

Relates, How another was cured at St. Cuthberts reliques of a great sore in his eie. The Monks had taken some of Cuth∣burts haire of his head for reli∣ques to shew and give: And as soon as part thereof was ap∣plied to thesore, the partie was healed.

The Fifth Book.

Chap. 1.

Relate••, How Edilwald, Cuth∣berts successor in a solitary life, alaid, by prayer, a great tempest at Sea, wherein some of his Brethren were in dan∣ger. Gutfrid (saith Bede) a faithfull servant of Christ who was one of the Company, and after Abbot of Lindesferne de∣clared it to me. When we had (said Gutfrid) talkt with him much to our comfort, having askt blessing, we hastned home. Soon after a great tempest arose: Edil∣wald falling on his knees pray∣ed to God to deliver us, and sud∣denly the storme ceast, and we came safe to land. As soon as we were ashore, the Tempest and

storme began again, and lasted all that day, to give us to un∣derstand that the calme was gi∣ven us by God, at the prayers of the Holy man. After his de∣cease, he was buried in St. Pe∣ter the Apostles Church.

Chap. 2.

John, Famous for integrity, and purity of life was made Bishop of Hagulstad, of whom his familiar acquaintance were wont to report many strange Miracles wrought at severall times, cheifly Berethun (who is now Abbot) a man most Reverend and faithfull in his relations, of which I thought fit to record some. There is a private abode neer a Church-yard of St. Michael the Arch-Angell, hither this holy man

was wont to retire himself to pray especially in time of Lent. The time being now at hand, he gave command to seek out some begger, towards whom he might exercise his charity. They brought him one who was dumbe: One week of Lent being past, he call'd the dumb begger to him, and bidding him put out his tongue made the signe of the Crosse upon it, and then bad him speak, whereupon he spoke after the Bishop all that he suggest∣ed, and so perfectly recovered his speech.

Note that this John is he who was called John of Bever∣lay, whence Godwin saith Bede was much to blame if these things be not true. For he knew him, and took

holy Orders of him, and li∣ved in his Diocess.

Chap. 3.

Relates, How the said Bi∣shop, coming to a Monastery in a Town call'd Vetade, where Hereburge was Abbesse, she told him that one of the Nuns of the Convent was very sick, and lay pining, and languish∣ing away: And she besought the Bishop to go in and blesse her, which he did, saying prayers over her, and depart∣ing blest her: As we were ta∣king our leave, (saith Abbot Berecht) the swelling went a∣way, and the Maide was deliver∣ed from danger:

Chap. 4.

Relates, How an Earle sent his sick Lady some of the wa∣ter which the said Bishop had hollowed, in the dedication of a Church, willing her to drink of it, and wash the greived part, which done, saith Abbot Berecht, she rose so whole and sound, that she ser∣ved us at the table.

Chap. 5.

Another time when the ho∣ly Bishop had dedicated a Church, an Earle called Addi intreated him to come to his House, where one of his fa∣mily lay so desperatly sick, that his Coffin was already prepared, hoping that if he

had but laid his hands upon him and blessed him, he should be better. The Bishop enters, makes his prayer, blesses him, saying, God send you whole, son; Then sitting down at Table, the partie sent for a Cup of wine, which the Bishop blessed and sent him. As soon as he drank it, he arose a sound man, put on his apparel, came to the Table, saying, that he desired to eat and drink with them, he sat down, eat, drank, and was as merry as any at the Table, and lived many yeares after a sound man. This Miracle the Abbot Berecht said, he had from those who were present.

Chap. 6.

Herebald, A faithfull servant of Christ now Abbot of a mo∣nastery was heard to say as touch∣ing John the Bishops worth: I have had experience in many o∣thers, but especially in my self, as whom he in a manner forced from death to life by his prayer and benediction: for having been sore bruised with a fall, I was healed by the Bishops intercession. When for age the Bishop could not preach, he conse∣crated his Chaplin Wilfrid Arch-Bishop of Yorke; and himself retiring into a Mona∣stery there ended his dayes.

Chap. 7.

Cedwell King of the West-Saxons (after he had raigned two years) for hope of an et∣ernall kingdome forsook his owne, and went to Rome. He thought it a singular glory to be regenerated at the holy A∣postles Tombes by the Sacra∣ment of Baptisme, hoping soon after to passe to eternall life; which hapned as he de∣sired. He was baptised on Ea∣ster eve, An. 689, and wearing yet the robes of Innocency fell fick, and died. Whom the Pope at his Baptisme nam'd Pe∣ter, that he might beare the holy name of the Prince of the Apostles, whose Tombe he came to see with great devoti∣on many hundred miles: Hun

succeeded him, who having been King seven and thirty years, leaving his Kingdome, went to the Tombes of the A∣postles in Rome, having an ear∣nest desire to live a Pilgrime on Earth for a time neer those Holy places, that so he might deserve the better to be recei∣ved of the Saints in heaven; Which practise in those dayes many English, both of Nobles and Commons, Spirituall and temporall, Men and Women, were wont to performe with exceeding emulation.

Chap. 8.

Relates, How Theodore, Arch-Bishop of Canterbury, depar∣ted this life very aged, and how the number of years he lived, were signified unto him

by revelation. He was buri∣ed in St. Peters Church. A man worthy of perpetuall re∣membrance, for his singular vertues, of whom with his companions it may be said: That their names shall live in glo∣ry from generation to generation. Then the Church of England received such comfort and en∣crease in spirituall matters, that it never received the like before nor after.

Chap. 9.

Berechwald, succeedeth The∣odore in Canterbury, who was Abbot of. Rashwulfe, now cal∣led Reculver in Kent, a man well knowing in the holy Scripture, skilfull in Ecclesia∣sticall and Monasticall orders and discipline. He consecra∣ted

Toby Bishop of Rochester, one expert in the Latine and Greek Tongue.

Chap. 10.

Relates, How Egbert, a Re∣verend Priest and servant of God, to obtaine Heaven, led a Pilgrims life in Ireland. He took upon him the office of an Apostle, desirous to preach the word of God to the Ger∣man provinces, which had not yet received it, or if this could not be, to travell to Rome, to see and worship the Tombes of the blessed Apostles and Martyrs. But by revelation from Heaven neither of these was effected. For Boisell once Abbot of Mailrose, appearing after Mattins to a Religious Man, bad him go tell Egbert,

that he must not perform that Journey; but that it was Gods will that he should go and instruct Columbe's Mo∣nastery. This Columbe was the first Preacher of the Faith to the Picts, and the first Foun∣der of a Monastery in the Isle of Hu, which was had in great estimation. Egbert neglect∣ing for awhile to go to the Monastery, as he was comman∣ded of God, Boisell appeared again to that Religious man, telling him that he should say to Egbert, that whether he would or no he should go to Co∣lumb's Monastery. Which so fell out; For by tempest he was drive thither: yet one of his companions, Wigbert by name, excelling in contempt of the world, and profound knowledge, for he had led an

Anacorrites life in great per∣fection many years arrived in Frizland, but without successe. So he returned to his former solitary life.

Chap. 11.

Egbert, By Revelation from God, not being suffered to preach in Germany, he sent o∣ther holy and vertuous men, of whom that notable and ex∣cellent man Willibrord Priest was chief: They converted Frizeland from Idolatry to the Faith of Christ, two other English Priests, who had vo∣luntarily liv'd in banishment in Ireland, for hope of eternal life, whose names were Hen∣wald, came into Saxony to win souls to Christ. The barba∣rous observing them to be of

another Religion (for they sung Hymns, Psalms and de∣voute Prayers, and daily offe∣red the sacrifice of the holy Host, having with them holy Vessels, a little Table hollow∣ed, instead of an Altar) sus∣pecting they came to with∣draw their Land from wor∣shipping their gods, murther∣ed them; and to witness their Martyrdome, there appeared Miracles from Heaven. For their bodies being cast into the river of Rhene, were car∣ried almost forty mile against the main stream to their com∣panions, and a great bright beam of light, reaching up to heaven, shin'd every night o∣ver the place where their bo∣dies were. One of them ap∣peared in the night, to a com∣panion of his, nam'd Tilmon,

(who of a Souldier was be∣come a Monk) telling him, that he should find their bodies where he should see a light shine from heaven: which happened ac∣cordingly: The day of their Martyrdome or Invention is in those places celebrated with due veneration. King Pipin with great glory entom∣bed them at Collen. Tis repor∣ted, that in the place in which they were killed, a Spring bubbled up, which to this day affordeth plenty of water▪

Chap. 12.

Willebrord with these Holy men his companions, having license of the Prince to preach in Frizland, went first to Rome, where Sergius sate in the See Apostolike, that by his appro∣bation

and benediction he might settle to the Apostolike office of preaching to the Hea∣thens, hoping withall to re∣ceive of him some Reliques of Christs holy Apostles and Martyrs, that when casting out Idols he erected Churches, he might have in readiness some holy Saints Reliques to bring in their place, and to dedicate them in their honour, whose Reliques he had received. All things succeeding to his desire Swibert is chosen their Bishop, and consecrated in England by Wilfred, and returning, con∣verteth a great number. At last building a Monastery, in an Isle of the Rhene, leading there a very austere and continent life he died. His successors possesse the same to this day. Pepin sent that vertuous and

worthy Prelate Wilbrord to Rome, by consent of all, that he might be made Archbishop of Frizland, upon Saint Cicilyes day Anno 690. and in her Church he was consecrated and named Clement by the Pope and sent to his Bishopri••k of Ʋtreckt in Holland. He erected many Churches and Mona∣steries through the Countrey. This Willebrord otherwise Cle∣ment liveth yet a Reverend Fa∣ther

Chap. 13.

At the same time was wrought in Britany, a Mira∣cle worthy of perpetuall re∣memberance, and not unlike to the ancient Miracles of times past. A certaine man in Northumberland, dead for a

time, rose againe to life, and told many things worthy the relating, of which we touch some few. I am, saith he, tru∣ly risen again from the death, but henceforth my conversation must be far unlike my former life. Rising up, he went to Church, and continued there in prayer untill day. Then he divided all his goods into three parts, one he gave to his wife, another to his chil∣dren, the third he gave in almes to the poor. Then he entred into the Monastery of Maitrose, and being shaven he made his abode in a secret habitation, assigned him by the Abbot, where he lived, untill his dying day in such austerity of body, that, though his tongue had said nothing, yet his life spake that he had

seen many terrible things. He related what he hath seen in this manner. The Countenance & apparel of my guide was ful of light, we came to one great broad valley of infinite length, all full of terrible fire, there was also an∣other valley intolerable with hail and snow. Both places were full of souls tossed, as with a whirle∣wind, out of one into the other. I began to think, that this was Hell, but my guide said, Think not so: Then having menti∣oned all the rest of the visions, he relates, how his guide told him, That this valley, so full of horrible flames, and so bitterly cold, was the place where their souls remain to be tried, who de∣ferring the Confession of their sins and amendment, had re∣course to Pennance at the point of death: yet because they made

humble confession of their sins and repented, they shall all come to Heaven at the day of Judg∣ment. Many (quoth he) shall come to Heaven before the day of judgement, for the good Prayers, Alms, and Fasting of the living, and especially by the holy Sacri∣fice of the Mass. Onely they which are perfect in all their thoughts, words and deeds, are carried streight to Heaven. The effect of this vision was the change of his life into strange Austerity. When any one said unto him, brother Dirthelm, (for that was his name) It is a wonder you can endure so much cold? He would answer, I have seen more cold endured than this: And when they said, Tis a wonder you can en∣dure such austerity? He answe∣red, I have seen more rigorous

sufferings than this. This Chapter intermingleth in this Relation, how that hard by this mans Cell, there lived a Monk called Genigids, who was living at the very time that Bede did write this, lead∣ing a solitary life in Ireland, sustaining his aged body with brown bread and cold water, who often entring into the foresaid Monks Cell, heard him many times repeat this whole relation; and from him I came to the knowledge of it, saith Bede.

Chap. 14.

There was a Lay-man in great favour with King Co∣enred, but negligent concern∣ing the state of his soul: The King warn'd him often to con∣fesse

and forsake his former life, whilest it was time. But he slighting the Kings admo∣nition, said, He would doe Pen∣nance hereafter. It chanced he fell sick, the King coming to him, exhorted him, that now at least he would do Pennance, nay, (quoth he) I will not now confesse my sins, but when I am recovered I will: least my com∣panions think I did it for fear of death. The King after a while, returning again, this Courtier told him, now it was too late, and that he had seen all that ever he had committed written in two Books, and that he should strait wayes die and be carried into Hell. The first book (said he) shewed me by an Angel con∣tained all the good works, which ever I had done, but the book was very little. Then the wicked spi∣rits

brought before me, a book of a mighty bigness, in which I read all the sins I had committed in thought, word and deed. Then he related, how he heard his Condemnation. Thus in de∣spair he died. This I thought fit to relate, as I receiv'd it from the reverend Bishop Pechtelm.

Chap. 15.

I my self knew a Brother (whom I would I had not known,) who being admo∣nisht by his Brethern to a∣mend his life, brought unto desperation by a vision he had of his place in Hell, said, There is no time for me to amend my former life. Thus he died without receiving the Sacra∣ment: None of all the Con∣vent

durst say Mass, sing psalms, say the least Prayer for his soul. This stirred up ma∣ny to do Pennance for their sins, which effect God grant, it may work in those who shall read this.

Chap. 16.

About this time, many of the Scots in Ireland, as also of the Britans, admitted of the manner of celebrating Easter, taught by the Catholike Church. For Adamon, a ver∣tuous Priest, Abbot of the Monks, and Religious in the Isle of Hue, seeing the canoni∣call Rites and Ceremonies of England; and admonisht by the learned, not to live contrary to the Universal Church, nei∣ther in Easter, nor any other

decrees, chang'd his mind, and preferr'd what he saw, in the English before his own. He wrot a ••ook of holy places, as he had been inform'd by Ar∣culfe Bishop, who 〈◊〉〈◊〉 travel∣led to see them. Some ••ede relates in the next Chapter.

Chap. 17.

Relates, Out of the foresaid book of holy ••laces, how over the place where Christ was born, there is built a Church of the blessed Virgin; and how the in ward grot in which our Saviour was born, is cove∣red with precious marble. C••n∣stantine built a Church, where the Crosse of Christ was found by Helena. A Church also was built in Golgotha, where the rock is seen, which bore Christs

Crosse and his blessed body. Now in that place, there is a mighty Cross of silver with a brazen wheele over it, full of Lamps. An Altar is cut out where the Crosse stood, where Sacrifice is wont to be offered for honourable men that die. There is also a round Chappel of Christs Resurrection, which hath three Altars. In the mid∣dle of this Chappel, is the Tombe of our Saviour, where day and night twelve Lamps burn. The top of the Chappel is guilt, bearing a great golden Crosse upon it. Part of Christs Gravestone standeth at the doore of the Sepulcher Altar∣wise: the other part also makes another Altar▪

Chap. 18.

The same Author relates, how in the place of our Savi∣ours Ascension on the top of Mount Olive; there standeth a great round Church. The inner Chappel having an Al∣tar towards the East, could not be vaulted, nor covered over, by reason that it was the place by which Christs body passed to Heaven. In the middle of which Church the last print of Christs feet are to be seen, and although the earth be fetcht away daily by the Christians, yet▪ it re∣maineth and keepeth the print of his holy feet. A great Lampe burneth there day and night. In the West-side be eight windows, and as many

Lamps, shining through the glasse to Jerusalem, and their lights stir up the Hearts of all that behold them: Upon Christs Ascension-day every year, when Masse is done, there cometh from Heaven a gale of winde, which maketh all in the Church prostrate themselves.

Chap. 19.

In the year of our Lord, 705. Hedda Bishop of the West-Saxons dyed, of whom the Reverend Prelate Pech∣thelm (then a Monk) was wont to tell us, that in the place, where be dyed, many great Miracles and cures were done, and that they used commonly to carry away dust from thence, and mingle it

with water, for such to drink as were sick, and that the sprinkling & drinking there∣of, did cure many sick: so that a great pit was made by the often carrying away the dust.

Chap. 20.

Coenred, King of the Mercians, having Reigned most Nobly, at last forsook his Kingdome and went to Rome, where at the Tombe of the Apostles, receiving the Tonsure, he became a Monk, continuing in Prayer, Fasting and Almes, untill his death. There went with him Offa, the Son of Sigher King of the East-Saxons, a most gallant youth, whose whole Kingdome much desired that he would sway the

Scepter, but he moved with like devotion, forsooke Wife, Lands, Kindred, and Coun∣trey, that he might receive a hundred fold in this world, and life everlasting in the next: coming to the Holy places at Rome, he took the Tonsure and Habit of a Monk, the same year Wilfrid, that ex∣cellent and worthy Prelate dyed and was buried in St. Pe∣ters Church at Rippon in York∣shire: He being but fourteen years old, he esteemed more a Monasticall and Solitary life, than all worldly wealth▪ Af∣ter some years spent in a Mo∣nastery, he made a Voyage to Rome, to see what rights and ceremonies were observed there, as well of Seculars as Religious. He told the Queen the desire he had to visit the

Monuments of the Holy Apo∣stles which she approved: At Rome he became ac∣quainted with a Holy & lear∣ned Arch-deacon called Boni∣face, one of the Apostolike Popes Councellors, by whose instructions he learnt the foure Books of the Gospell and Ea∣ster, and many other things concerning the discipline of the Church, which he could not attaine to in his Country. Re∣turning into England, he was favoured by King Alfrid, who had learned to follow in all things the Catholike Rules of the Church. This King find∣ing Wilfrid Catholick, gave him Stamford and Rippon (which the Scots had before) to build Abbeies. He was made Priest, and followed the the Kings Court as Preacher,

and not long after, was made Bishop by Agilbert Bishop of Paris. In King Egfrids raigne he was deprived of his Bishop∣rick of Yorke, and another or∣deyned in his place. Wilfrid going to Rome to plead his cause before the Apostolike Pope, was driven into Friz∣land, where he preacht unto them Christ. And where many thousands being cōver∣ted and baptized: by him, he was the first began this Evan∣gelicall work, which the most Reverend Bishop, Willebrord afterwards finished. Wilfrid having past the VVinter with his new Converts, reassumed his journey to Rome, where his cause was debated in pre∣sence of Pope Agatho & many Bishops. He was found by all their judgments to be without

any fault, and worthy of the Bishoprick. The Pope gathered a Sinod at Rome of 125, Bishops against those who held but one will and operation in Christ. Wilfrid sate among them where he was to declare his Faith, and the Faith of his Countrey, which was found to be Catholick. This was thus registred in the Acts. Wilfrid the vertuous Bishop of Yorke appealing to the See Apo∣stolike for his cause, and by that Authority absolved and placed in Judgement Seat in the synod together with 125. other Bishops hath declared for all the Nor∣therne parts of Britany, the true and Catholike Faith con∣firming the same with subscrip∣tion. Wilfrid at his returne converted the South-Saxons, and in the second year of

King Aldefrid was restored to his Bishoprick. After five years being again turned out, he followed his appeale at Rome, and his accusers being present, he again was acquit∣ted. Returning through France, he fell sick to death, and told Acca how in that sicknesse one appeared to him in a white habit, telling him that he was St Michael, who said to him; I am sent by God to recall thee from death: For our Lord hath given thee life by the intercession of our Lady, Mo∣ther of God, but remaine prepa∣red, for after foure years I will come again to visite thee. Thou shalt be restored to the greatest part of thy possessions, and end thy life in peace. Recovering he came into England, where King Aldefrid refusing to re∣store

him, shortly dyeth. Then a Synod is called, & by the votes of all he is reestablisht. Af∣ter four years of Peace he died in a Monastery of Abbot Cud∣balds, but entered in his own Monastery at Rippon in the Blessed Apostle St. Peters Church by the Altar.

These Verses are in his Epi∣taph.

Wilfrid, that worthy Prelate Lyeth buried in this grave, Who mov'd with Godly Zeale, To Christ this Temple gave. And of the Apostle Peters name, St. Peters Church did call▪ Christ gave, To whom the Keyes of Heaven Cheif Governour of all. He guilded it with finest gold, With Scarlet hung it round

And set up there a Crucifix, Of Gold, even from the ground.

Chap. 21.

Acca succeeded Wilfrid in the Bishoprick of York, a man for his courage and gallant deeds, gracious in the sight of God and Man. He enlarged the Church dedicated to St. Andrew, and adorned it with many exquisite works. He did both then, and doth at this very day, endeavour to gather together the Holy Apostles and Martyrs Reliques, that he may in their honor build Altars. He provided Holy Vessels, lights and other ne∣cessaries appertaining to the better adorning the Church of God

Chap. 22.

Naitan, King of the Picts, a∣bandoning the Errours which he and his. Country had long kept, touching Easter, brought them all to the Catholike ob∣servation, which that he might effect, he required aide of the English, whom he knew to have fram'd their Religion ac∣cording to the Church of Rome and See Apostolike. He sent Embassadors to that end to Reverend Abbot Ceolfrid of the Monastery of St. Peter and Paul. He requested further to be instructed what manner of Tonsure the Clergy then should use. He desired to have some cunning workmen sent him to build a Church after the manner of Rome, pro∣mising

to dedicate it in the honor of St. Peter Prince of the Apostles, and to follow e∣ver more the order and faith of the Church of Rome and See Apostolike.

In Ceolfrids letter to the King, be these words.

We exhort you most hum∣bly to take care that your Clergy may beare the same Tonsure which the Church doth receive. For as all con∣gregations of the faithfull are accustomed to carry the signe of the Crosse in the forehead, that by the power thereof they may be defended from the as∣saults of the Devil; and by of∣ten remembrance of it be in∣structed; so it behoveth them who being made by vow

Monks, or by profession of the Clergy, binde themselves more strictly with the bridle of continencie, to beare on the Head, by shaving, the shape of a Crown as our Saviour did, a Crowne of Thornes, at his Passion, as well to express their ready minde to suf∣fer mockeries for Christ, as strengthen their hope for a Crowne of glory. In the same letter he Relateth what, con∣cerning this point, he said to the Scotish Abbot Adaman, I said (quoth he) Brother if you seek the fellowship of St. Peter, why do you follow the manner of shaving which he used, whom St. Peter did excommunicate, and why rather shew you not that you desire with your heart his chara∣cter, with whom you desire to live in blisse: If you desire to follow

his steps and counsell whom you took to have as a Patron with God the Father, then he commands thus. It besee∣meth you, most puissant Prince to observe all that agreeth with the unity of Christs Catho∣lick and Apostolick Church. So it will come to passe that the Prince of the Apostles will open to you and yours the gates of Heaven. By this ad∣vise in short time, this Prince with all his dominions, was brought to the true observati∣on of Easter, all the Ministers of the Altar and Monks had their heads shaven round in forme of a Crowne, and the whole Nation being reformed did rejoyce to see themselves disciples of the most blessed Prince of the Apostles Peter, & committed to his protection and patronage

Chap 23.

Relates, How the rest of the Scots admitted the Apostolike manner of keeping Faster, and shaving their Crownes by the means of Egbert a worthy Priest. Onely the Britanes (saith Bede) remain still hard∣ned in blindness, whereas all English-men are in all points throughly instructed in the Rule of the Catholick Faith. Egbert on Easter day after he had said solemne Masse in re∣membrance of our Lords Re∣surrection, departed this life: The Brethern rejoycing to see their Master passe to God to be their Patron and Interces∣sor.

Chap. 24.

Relates, Who were the Bi∣shops at this time through all England; and how, all things now being brought to unity, many, as well Noble, as Pri∣vate, laying aside their Armes, earnestly strove to get both themselves and their Children to be shaven, and tied with Monasticall Vowes, rather than to exercise themselves in war∣like affaires. This is at the pre∣sent the state of Britany this year of our Lord, 731.

The end of the History of the Church of Eng∣land.

The words of venerable Bede in the 3 Tome of his works.

THus much touching the Ecclesiastical History of the Britans, especially of the English nation, as I could learn by the writings of my An∣cestors, by tradition of my elders, or my own knowledge I Bede, the servant of God, and Priest of the Monastery of the BB. Apostles Peter and Paul at Wyre-mouth, have brought to an end. When I was seven years old I was de∣livered by the hands of my friends to be brought up of the R^d. Abbot Benedic••, and af∣terward to C••••lfrid. In which

Monastery spending all the dayes of my life I applyed my whole study to the meditation of holy Scripture, observeing regular discipline, and dayly singing service in the Church. In the 19 year of my age I was made Deacon, and at 30 Priest; which orders I received by the hands of the R^d. Bishop John of Beverley.

DEar Reader I doubt not but in perusing of this book many thoughts will arise in thy mind touching the author thereof, the authority of the copy, and the sin∣cerity of our true dealing therin; now then is the proper time to read again the preface where I am confident thou wilt find full satisfaction in all.

FINIS.

Notes

• The old Bri∣tans receive their Faith from the Pope 156.
• Englands first Martyr for en∣tertaining a Priest in his house.
• Amph••bal this holy Priests Name.
• Christian Priest-hood treason under Dioclesian.
• A Miracle.
• A Miracle.
• A Miracle.
• Daily Miracles at St. Albans about the middle of the third Age un∣till the se∣venth Age.
• Churches e∣rected to Mar∣tyrs about the year, 400.
• Holy-dayes in their Honour.
• England prone to novelties.
• This Heretick had the great St. Augustine his adversary whilest he li∣ved.
• The Apostle of Scotland sent by the Pope of Rome, an. 423.
• Altars, an. 429
• Germanus Bi∣shop of Auxerre Lupus was first a Monk in the Abbey os Li∣rine, and thence made Bishop of Troyes.
• The miracu∣lous use of Ho∣ly water, about 430.
• Devills cast out at the com∣mand of Priests about 430.
• Custome of wearing holy Relicks.
• These Relicks work miracles.
• Pilgrimages to Saints bo∣dies Ann. 430.
• In shrining of Rolicks.
• Veneration of Relicks.
• A Miracle.
• Multitude of Miracles.
• Lent religious∣ly observed at the begining of the fourth Age.
• A miraeulous Victory.
• Intercession of Saints.
• A Miracle.
• Bishops and Priests give their blessing.
• Bishops pu∣nish Hereticks
• Catholike Faith confir∣med by mi∣racle.
• Miracles at St. Germans body see this holy Bishops life in Surius July 30.
• The English receive the Faith from Monks sent from the Pope An. 582.
• Good works for hope of re∣ward.
• Abbots
• Crosses, images enter with our Faith and de∣stroy Idolatry.
• The manner of Processions.
• The ancient custome of Al∣lelujah in the Church.
• Our Apostles addicted to watching, fast∣ing, voluntary poverty.
• A Church de∣dicated to St. Martin, where they say Mass.
• Our Apostles workers of ma∣ny Miracles in proof of their doctrine.
• S. Gregory in a letter to the Bi∣shop of Alex∣andria, writes how above ten thousand were there Christ∣ned on Christ∣mass-day.
• Our Apostle a Monk.
• First Christi∣an Clergy Re∣gular.
• Chastity of them that took orders.
• Mass in chief parts of Chri∣stendome.
• Mass
• Baptizing Infants.
• 〈…〉〈…〉
• The use of the Pall.
• Saying of Mass
• How our Bi∣shops depen∣ded on Rome in their inve∣stiture.
• The Primacie of Canterbury in England in∣stituted by the Pope, and not by the King. Ann. 600.
• Abbots
• Holy Water, Altars, Relicks Birth-dayes of Martyrs.
• Our Apostle endowed with the grace of Miracles.
• The Pope im∣parts the bles∣sing of S. Peter
• Christ-church in Canterbury
• Monasteries and Churches in honour of Saints.
• Churches con∣secrated.
• The first Ab∣bot shines with Miracles.
• An. 605.
• The Pope sti∣led Bishop of the whole world.
• This Pop•• ou•• Apostle.
• 2 Cor. v. 2.
• First a Monk of Eminent Sanctity.
• Then made Priest and the Popes Legat at Constantinople.
• Masses at the bodies of Saints
• The least ad∣dition of the Mass, observed by Antiquity, but the first use of the Mass it self is too anci∣ent to be ob∣served, as be∣gun by the A∣postles.
• S. Gregory his zeal for our conversion.
• This Synod was held in Worcestershire, at a place cal∣led Augustines Oke.
• The Roman Tradition con∣firmed by mi∣racle.
• Abbots
• Division from the Church of Rome.
• The ruin of the Authors thereof pro∣phesied.
• The prophesie made good from heaven.
• Multitude of Monks among the Britans, though con∣verted 156.
• After Schism, their Faith and Prayers avail∣ed not.
• An. 904
• The Antiquity of St. Pauls in London.
• Also of St. An∣drews at Ro∣chester.
• Dedication of Altars to Saints
• Commemora∣tion of the dead at the Al∣tar.
• Our Apostles gift of mira∣cles, witnessed in his very E∣pitaph.
• St. Peter first Pastor of the Church and Prince of the Apostles.
• Conformity to be held with that Church which is spread over the whole world.
• Apostles sent all the world over by the Pope.
• Recourse to the Pope in Ecclesiastical affairs.
• Our English Authors say Mellitus his going was to obtain privi∣ledges for Westminster Abbey then built.
• Decrees of Councels to be follow'd as sure rules. A Church de∣dicated to our Lady, and all Martyrs, which yet is to be seen at Rome, and whether were brought (saith Spondan) the Reliques of many Martyrs, from places without the City.
• Persecutors of this Faith pu∣nished.
• Saying of Mass
• Communion under one kinde.
• S. Peter prince of the Apostles. He owns his Successors (the Popes) deeds.
• The miracu∣lous effect of St. Peters ap∣parition.
• A Church in honour of our Lady.
• St. Peter Prince of the Apostles.
• Our Primats of England still work miracles.
• A place (it seems) dedica∣ted to the crowned Mar∣tyrs.
• Authority of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Bi∣shops from the Pope.
• No••e, Mr. Ba••∣ter, how un∣like the Pope then seemed to An••ichrist.
• Our Primats invested with the Pall by the Pope.
• The N••••thum∣bers miracu∣lously conver∣ted.
• Baptizing In∣tants.
• Note, Mr. Ba••∣ter how unlike the Pope then seem'd to An∣tichri••t.
• The Pope an enemy to Idol worship.
• St. Peter stiled Prince of the Apostles and our Protector. His blessing sent from the Pope.
• The Pope still sollicitous to further our conversion▪
• St. Peter stiled chiefest and Prince of the Apostles, and our Protector.
• The Faith then taught com∣mended from Heaven.
• I would those of our Country would imitate this Prince.
• Paul•••• knows what is in the Kings br••ast.
• Altars of stone.
• Monasteries, Abbots.
• Altars, sacrifice
• Miracles wrought at certain places▪
• A Pall sent by the Pope, who still investeth our Archbi∣shops.
• The Pope a true Father even to Kings.
• Efficacy of Saints Prayers.
• The Pope ex∣erciseth his Supremacy in England.
• The Pope doth this in the place of St. Peter Prince of the Apostles.
• Decrees of the Church to be followed.
• Golden crosses and Chalices consecrated to the use of the Altar, yet to be seen.
• Our Church musick from Rome.
• Yet Idolatry highly hated.
• An. 642. Veneration of holy places and crosses.
• Miracles hence ensuing.
• The very chips of that Crosse, work miracles untill this day.
• Prayers and sacrifice for the Dead.
• The Moss of the Cross works miracles upon one as yet living.
• Monks, Mona∣steries.
• Religious dif∣ferent in habit.
• Purity of d••∣ctrine from Rome.
• Churches de∣dicated to Saints.
• Monasteries.
• Strict follow∣ers of onely scripture erre, for many years together.
• Shaving of Monks.
• Strict Fast on Wednesday and Friday a∣mong the Lai∣ty.
• Miraculous re∣ward of Alms:
• Veneration of Relicks mira∣culously un∣corrupt to this day.
• The Apostle of the West-Saxons, sent from the Pope.
• Transgressors of the Fast of forty dayes pu∣nished.
• Vowed Nuns espoused to the heavenly bridegroom.
• Such Nuns graced with the gift of Mi∣racl••••.
• The Habitati∣on of men se∣parated from Women.
• Vow'd 〈◊〉〈◊〉 dear 〈…〉〈…〉
• 〈…〉〈…〉 by 〈◊〉〈◊〉.
• Ou•• Historyes say he was slain at Oswi∣stry in Sh••op∣shire.
• Th•• very ••ligh test 〈…〉〈…〉 wo••k 〈…〉〈…〉
• Strange Mira∣cles by R••liks.
• Miracles by Reliks.
• Translation of Reliks.
• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 to be held in 〈◊〉〈◊〉 v••neration by all faithfu••l.
• This confirm'd from Heaven, as is testi••ied by wittnesses yet living.
• Abbesses.
• The ••odgings of men apart from the Nun∣nery.
• Exorcisms.
• Relik••chase a∣way the Devill
• Miracles at Saints Tombs.
• The person yet alive (saith Bede) on whom the Miracle was d••••e.
• Power of Saints Prayers.
• That speech, God have mer∣cy on their soules, of what Antiquity.
• Our unworthi∣ness supplied by intercession of Saints.
• Cures wrought by Relikes
• Water hallow∣ed.
• An. 644. Good works Satisfactory. Daily prayers for the dead.
• Hallowed Oile doth Miracles
• How authenti∣call this is.
• A Miracle.
• Translation of Reliks, Altars, Churches dedi∣cated in the ho∣nour of the Prince of the Apostles, Thus then they cal∣led St. Peter.
• Miracles:
• By Relikes.
• Our Kings be∣came Monks.
• Monks graced with Visions.
• How authen∣tical this is.
• Altars
• Miracles at Saints Tombs.
• A prophesie of the ruine of such as con∣verse with those who are excommunica∣ted.
• Ant••quity of Godfathers.
• Kings confide in the Prayers of religious men.
• Lents forty days fast.
• The laudable custome of fa∣sting.
• Monks, Mona∣steries, Religi∣ous rules,
• Churches in honou•• of our Lady.
• Altars.
• Intercession of Saints.
• Vows made to God.
• Nuns, Mona∣steries, perpe∣tual Virginity.
• God approveth this coutse of life.
• Prayers of re∣ligious men in what esteem.
• Dayly prayer for the dead.
• The Fast of Lent.
• Bishop Wilfrid instructed at Rome.
• Clergy men wear shaven Crowns.
• This Synod was at Whitby in Yorkeshire.
• St. Peter and Paul lived, preacht, and suffered at Rome.
• The strong plea of Tradi∣tion.
• Errour then damnable when the Au∣thority of the Church is re∣jected.
• By the Prince of the Apostles Peter still un∣derstood Mat. 16. 18.
• The Roman Tradition pre∣ferr'd.
• The Clergy weare shaven Crowns.
• Abbo••••, Mona∣steri••••
• The distinct Habit of R••li∣gious and Clergie men.
• I'heir blessings craved, given by hand, that is by the sign of the Crosse.
• Works of Su∣perogation vowed.
• Canonicall Houres.
• Vows of Au∣sterity, appro∣ved from hea∣ven.
• Lent.
• The antiquity of the holy Feast of Christmass.
• The Church of Rome, the Catholike and Apostolike Church.
• Still recourse unto Rome, concerning 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Prima••••.
• The Pope Fa∣ther even to Kings.
• Peter twice here under∣stood by the Prin•••• of the Apostles.
• 〈…〉〈…〉 Kings.
• Crosses, Reli∣ques.
• An Indulgence granted there∣unto as to Medals say our Divines.
• Abbot••
• Monks, Nuns.
• The Pope still invests our Primates.
• Shaving of Clergy men.
• Shaving of Clergy men.
• Our Bishops Monks and of great sanctity.
• The Cathedral at Lei••chfield now dedicated to St. Chad.
• Good works done out of hope of reward done with pure intention.
• A prophetical vision.
• Good works a preparation to death.
• The blessing of men.
• St. Peter still ••alled Prince of the Apostles
• Translation of Reliques.
• Miracles by them.
• Monks▪
• Pilgrimages to Rome.
• The See Apo∣stolike ap∣points out Primats
• Our Bishops still Monks.
• Erconwald was first Abb•••• of Chertsey in Surrey.
• Miracles.
• Reliques.
• Nuns.
• They doe Miracles.
• Their habita∣tion seemed from men.
• Virgins conse∣crared to Chr••st.
• A prophetical Vision.
• By patience we satisfie for our sins.
• Good works, the golden cords which life usup to heaven.
• Holy Nuns.
• We pray to Saints as to these who hear us.
• Visions
• Abbesses.
• Miracles.
• Nuns.
• Efficacy of prayers to Saints at their Reliques.
• Monastical life prefer'd before Kingdomes.
• Religious ha∣bit different from Sceular.
• This King be∣came a Monk in the Mona∣stery of St. Pe∣ter and St Paul in London.
• A prophetike Vision.
• A Miracle very publike.
• Our Kings turn Pilgrims.
• Our Bishops Monks.
• Godfathers.
• Monks
• Our Faith con∣firmed from heaven.
• Monks.
• A prophetical Vision.
• Masses.
• Intercession of Saints appro∣ved from hea∣ven.
• Masses com∣manded by the Apostles.
• Intercession of Saints avouch∣ed by the A∣postles.
• St. Peters Ec∣clesiasticall Tonsure.
• Sacrifice. Communion under one kinde.
• Masses Yearly Feasts of Martyrs.
• The Isle of Wight last con∣verted.
• Wilfrid their Apostle.
• The faith of all the Bishops and Doctors of England.
• The Antient English blessed Church recei∣ved more than the first four Councells.
• Abbots and Monks.
• By prince of the Apostles still St. Peter understood.
• Priviledges of Popes admitted in England.
• Abbi••s.
• How antient our Church Musick is a∣bove that of the Protestants
• Celebration of Feasts accor∣ding to the pra∣ctice of Rome.
• P••rpetuall Vir∣ginity in Wed∣lock.
• This approved by Miracles.
• Nuns.
• Nuns Habit.
• Their Holy life.
• Approved by Mirades.
• Miracles by Relikes.
• We common∣ly call ihis Vir∣gin St. Audry.
• Nuns Spouses of Christ and therefore Queens.
• A story profi∣table to the Reader and glorious to God.
• Masse proved by Miracle to be propitiato∣ry for the li∣ving and dead Ano. 679.
• Note how sure this story is.
• Holy Nuns.
• Religious life the more rea∣dy way to heaven.
• Monasteries.
• Altars. Our Bishops Monks of sin∣gular sanctity.
• Pilgrimage to Rome a thing of great vertue An 680.
• Nuns graced With heavenly visions.
• Years of novi∣ship or proba∣tion of Religi∣ous.
• Holy Monks.
• Reservation of the Sacrament
• Communion under one kind.

  The Custome of singing Mattins and Lauds in the night.

  The signe of the Crosse.
• Strange Auste∣rity of the an∣tient Monks.
• Confession. Absolution for a time defer∣red.
• Satisfaction.
• Sins redeemed by good works.
• How assured all this is.
• Solitary life. Our cheif holy Bishops Monks.
• They shine with the gift of prophesy.
• Confession, Satisfaction.
• Anchorets graced with Mi••acles.
• Sacrifice.
• Gift of Pr••∣phesie,
• Solitary life.
• A proph••si••.
• Miracles.
• Reliques▪
• A Miracle.
• Lents forty dayes fast.
• Miraculous Reliques.
• Miraculous Reliques.
• Solitary life.
• Monks of mi∣raculous san∣ctity.
• Miracles how authenticall.
• Lents fast of 40. dayes.
• Miracles by the signe of the Crosse.
• How assured this and the Miracles in the next five chapters be▪
• Nuns.
• A Miracle by the blessing of the Bishop te∣stified by an eye-witness.
• A Miracle by Holy Water related by an eye-witness.
• Churches de∣dicated there∣with.
• Dedication of Church••s.
• A Miracle of the Holy Bi∣shops blessing.
• How sure this is.
• A Miracle re∣lated by him on whome it was done.
• Good works for hope of re∣ward.
• Our Kings Pil∣grimes to Rome.
• By Prince of the Apostles Peter under∣stood.
• Our Kings Pilgrimes to Rome.
• Good works for hope of re∣ward.
• Pilgrimages t•• Rome most frequent. An. 639
• How worthy men the Pope sent still to England.
• Eccle. c. 44. v 14.
• Monks made Prima••s.
• Good Works in hope of re∣ward.
• Visiting and worshipping Saints bodie••▪
• Heavenly Ap∣paritions.
• Anchorets of great perfecti∣on.
• Good works for hope of r••∣ward.
• Sacrifice upon a portable Al∣tar.
• Miracles at Saints bodies.
• Feasts of Mar∣tyrs.
• Apostolicall Preachers re∣sort to the Pope for his li∣cence and be∣nediction.
• They premote the worship of Reliques.
• The Apostoli∣call men, Monkes.
• A•• Archbishop appointed in Frezland by the Pope.
• An. 696. A miraculous vision and con∣version thence enswing.
• Shaving of Monks.
• Note the best kinde of vvit∣ness.
• Confession. An eye witness of Purgatory.
• Souls s••t ••r••e before the day of Judgement, and by what means See this as a point of saith de••in••d in the begin∣ning of the 〈…〉〈…〉.
• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 a Sacri∣fice 〈◊〉〈◊〉 for the ••••ad.
• Change of li••e into great au∣sterity for fear of to••ment••.
• 〈…〉〈…〉.
• How ••ssured Authority this 〈◊〉〈◊〉 hath.
• Confession.
• We are judged according to our works and not only faith.
• Masses and praiers used so•• the dead.
• We must not live contrary to the un••ver∣sall Church.
• Ch••••ches to our La••y in the East, Relikes hono∣red there as wel as in the West.
• The••e also Croses lights.
• There Altars also, and sacri∣fice▪upon them for the dead.
• There many Altars in one Church.
• There also lights burnt by day light.
• Crosses.
• Altars of stone.
• Altars.
• A perpetuall Miracle▪
• Reliques. Lights bur∣ning day and night at holy places.
• This Hedda was B••shop of Winchester in Hampshire.
• Miracles Re∣likes.
• Our Kings be∣come Pilgrims and shaven Monks.
• Good works for hope of re∣ward.
• Habit of Monks di∣stinct.
• Holy Wi••f••id appealeth from England to the Pope.
• His appeale admitted to the Pope.
• His appeale and Absoluti∣on ratified in a Councel.
• This semence is obeyed in England.
• He appeals a∣gain and his accusers plead before the Pope as their lawfull Judge.
• A prophetical vision.
• The intercessi∣on of the Mo∣ther of God most effectu∣all.
• The senten•••• given by the Pope obeyed in an English Synod.
• Altars.
• The Power of the Keyes gi∣ven to St. Peter
• Crosses of Gold
• Churches dedi∣cated to Saints
• Altars, Reli∣ques.
• The customs of Rome pre∣f••rred.
• The custome of the Clergy on shaving their Crown••▪
• Peter still un∣derstood by the Prince of the Apostles.
• The sha••ing of the Crowne used by the Clergy in honour of the Crowne of Thornes.
• The signe of the Crosse.
• Vowed Monks
• Patronage of St Peter.
• Prince of the Apostles still signifies St. Peter.
• Again stiled Prince of the Apostles.
• Bede.
• England in all points Catho∣lick An. 716.
• Saying of so∣lemne Masse
• Saints our pa∣trons and Inter¦cessors.
• In what esteem Religious life was at the wri∣ting of these.
• Of this John see B. 5. c. 2.