The wonders of the little world, or, A general history of man in six books : wherein by many thousands of examples is shewed what man hath been from the first ages of the world to these times, in respect of his body, senses, passions, affections, his virtues and perfections, his vices and defects, his quality, vocation and profession, and many other particulars not reducible to any of the former heads : collected from the writings of the most approved historians, philosophers, physicians, philologists and others / by Nath. Wanley ...

CHAP. III. Of the Bishops and Popes of Rome, and their Succession.

1. SAint Peter was Crucified at Rome with his head downwards, and was buryed about the Vatican in the Aurelian way, not far from the Gardens of Nero, having sat, saith Pla∣tina, in that See twenty five years. He together with the Apostle Paul was put to death in the last year of Nero's Reign, and was succeed∣ed by

2. Linus, by Nation a Tuscan, who continued from the last year of Nero, unto the times of Vespasian the Emperour; was Martyred by Sa∣turninus the Consul; he sat eleven years.

3. Cletus, a Roman; he was Martyred under Domitian, and his body laid in the Vatican, near to that of St. Peter, after he had sat twelve years one month and eleven daies.

4. Clemens, a Roman, a modest and holy man; he was thrown into the Sea with an Anchor ty'd to his neck, in the third year of Trajan, having sat nine years two months and ten daies.

5. Anacletus the first, was a Grecian, born at Athens; he ordained that no Bishop or Clergy∣man should wear his beard or hair over-long, and that no less than three Bishops should assist in the Ordination of a Bishop; he sat nine years two months and ten daies.

6. Euaristus, a Grecian, he had three Ordina∣tions in the month of December; he ordained, That the peoples Accusation should not be re∣ceived against a Bishop; he sat nine years ten months and two daies.

7. Alexander the first, a Roman, young in years, old in his composed manners; he ordered that holy water mixt with salt, should be used; and that water mixt with Wine should be in the

Sacrament of the Lords Supper; he sate ten years seven months and two dayes.

8. Sixtus the first, a Roman, ordered that ho∣ly things and vessels should be touched by none but Ministers, and that Priests should minister in Linnen Surplices; he was buried in the Vati∣can, having sate ten years three months and one and twenty dayes.

9. Telesphorus a Grecian, instituted the Lent of seven weeks before Easter, and the celebra∣tion of three Masses the night of our Saviours birth; he sate eleven years three months and twen∣ty two dayes.

10. Hyginus a Grecian of Athens, he ordained that one God-father or God-mother at least, should be present at the Baptism of a Child; he sate four years three months and four dayes.

11. Pius the first an Italian, he ordained that none of the Jewish heresie should be received to Baptism, that the Feast of the Passover should be on the Sunday; he sate eleven years four months and three dayes.

12. Anicetus a Syrian, was crowned with Mar∣tyrdom, buried in the Church-yard of Calistus, in the Appian way, having sate eleven years four months and three dayes.

13. Soter a Campanian, little remembred of him besides some decrees about Marriage, and that he sate nine years three months and one and twenty dayes.

14. Eleutherius a Grecian of Nicopolis, he sent Fugatius and Damianus into Britain, at the request of King Lucius to baptize him and his people; he sate fifteen years three months and two dayes.

15. Victor the first an African, in his time was the controversie about the keeping of Easter; he sate ten years three months and ten dayes.

16. Zephyrinus a Roman, ordained that Wine in the Sacrament should be consecrated in a ves∣sel of Glass, and not of Wood as before; he sate eight years seven months and ten dayes.

17. Calistus the first, a Roman of Ravenna, or∣dained a threefold fast in a year, in the fourth, seventh and tenth month, beginning the year as the Jews do; he sate six years ten months and ten dayes.

18. Vrbanus the first, a Roman, ordained that Churches should receive Farms and Lands given by devout persons, and the Revenues to be parted amongst the Clergy; he was martyred, having sate four years ten months and twelve dayes.

19. Pontianus a Roman, was banished into Sar∣dinia, where he suffered great torments for the faith of Christ, and dyed, having sate nine years five months and two dayes.

20. Anterus a Grecian, he decreed that the no∣ble acts of the Martyrs should be recorded and kept in the treasury of the Church; he was mar∣tyred, having sate eleven years one month and twelve dayes.

21. Fabianus a Roman, he ordained that the Chrism in the Lords Supper should be renewed every year, and the old one burnt in the Church; he was martyred, having sate fourteen years ele∣ven months and eleven dayes.

22. Cornelius a Roman, he was banished and then beheaded, having sate two years two months and three dayes. Many friendly Epistles passed betwixt him and Saint Cyprian.

23. Lucius the first, a Roman, was martyred, having sate three years three months and three dayes.

24. Stephanus the first, a Roman, a contro∣versie fell out betwixt him and St. Cyprian con∣cerning the rebaptizing of the baptized by He∣reticks, which Cyprian would not endure, but Stephanus was high for; he was beheaded, ha∣ving sate seven years five months and two days.

25. Sixtus the second, an Athenian, while he endeavours to confute, and to extinguish the opinions of the Chiliasts, is taken, accused and martyred; he sate two years ten months and three and twenty dayes.

26. Dionysius withstood to his power the Pride and Heresie of Paulus Samosatenus, he is said to have converted the Wife and Daughter of the Emperour Decius; he dyed having sate six years two months and four dayes.

27. Foelix the first, he appointed yearly Sacri∣fices in the memory of the Martyrs, that no Mass should be said but by Sacred persons, and in a consecrate place, but upon pre••••ing necessity; he dyed a Martyr, and sate four years three months fifteen dayes.

28. Eutychianus a Tuscan, he is reported to have buried with his own hands three hundred forty two Martyrs, and to have blest Grapes and Beans, and such like upon the Altar; and would have the Martyrs buryed in Purple: he sate one year one month and one day, as Dama∣sus saith.

29. Caius of Dalmatia, was Kinsman to Dio∣clesian the Emperour; his Brother Gabinius had a Daughter called Susanna, who should have mar∣ried Galerius the Emperour, but all these were martyred; Caius sate eleven years four months eleven dayes.

30. Marcellinus a Roman, out of fear offered Incense to Mars or Isis, of which he was que∣stioned by the Council of Sinuessa, but no man condemned him; repenting his fear, he re∣proached the Tyrant to his face, and was mar∣tyred; he sate nine years two months sixteen dayes.

31. Marcellus the first, a Roman, Maxentius was incensed against him, for that Lucina a noble Matron had made the Church her Heir; hereup∣on the holy man was doomed to keep beasts in a Stable, and was choaked with the stench and filth, he sate five years six months twenty one dayes.

32. Eusebius a Grecian, his Father a Physician, the Cross of Christ was found in his time by Iu∣das a Jew, and adorned and honoured by Hele∣na the Mother of Constantine; he dyed having sate six years one month and three dayes.

33. Miltiades an African, Constantine gave him the House of Plantius Lateranus proscribed by Nero, which hath continued to this day by the name of the Laterane Palace; some say he was martyred having sate four years seven months nine dayes.

34. Sylvester the first, a Roman, is said to have baptized Constantine the Emperour; others say it was done by Eusebius of Nicomedia. Constan∣tine appointed this man to wear a Crown of Gold; he sate twenty three years ten months and eleven dayes.

35. Marcus the first, a Roman, brought in the singing of the Nicene Creed, and the giving of the Pall to the Bishop of Ostia; which when others have since fetched there, they have paid sweetly for; he sate two years eight months and twenty dayes.

••6. Iulius the first, a Roman, Athanasius made hi•• Creed in his time at Rome, which was then aproved by Iulius and his Clergy. He ordain∣ed Prothonotaries to Register the passages of the Chrch, and sate fifteen years two months and six dayes.

37. Liberius the first, a Roman, either through fer or ambition, subscribed to Arrianism, and A••anasius his condemnation; but recovered himself, and sate six years three months and for dayes.

38. Foelix the second, a Roman, condescend∣ed to communicate with the Arrians, though he w••re none of them; but afterwards in a tu∣m••lt was made away by them; he sate one y••••r four months and two dayes.

39. Damasus the first, a Spaniard, a friend to S•• Ierome, who by his procurement much amend∣e•• the Vulgar Latine edition. He accursed U••urers, and appointed Gloria Patri, &c. to c••ose up every Psalm; he sate nineteen years three months and eleven dayes.

40. Syricius the first, a Roman, he excluded t••ose that were twice marryed, and admitted Monks into Holy Orders. In his time the Tem∣pe of Serapis was demolished and the Idol bro∣ken; he sate fifteen years, eleven months, twen∣ty five dayes.

41. Anastasius the first, a Roman, he was care∣fu•• to repress the errours of Origen, was the first that brought in the standing up at the reading of the Gospel; he sate three years and ten dayes.

42. Innocentius the first, an Albane, a great sticklet against the Pelagians, in his time Alaricus plundered Rome; Innocentius being then at Ra∣venna; he sate fifteen years, two months, and twenty five dayes.

43. Zosinues brought the use of Tapers into the Church, forbad Priests to drink in publick, or servants to be received into the Priesthood; he sate one year, three months, and twelve dayes.

44. Bonifacius the first, a Roman, the son of Io∣cundus a Priest; he was chosen in a hubub and se∣dition of the Clergy, was shrewdly opposed by Eulalius the Deacon, but at last carryed it against him, he sate three years eight months and seven dayes; To whom there succeeded,

45. Coelestinus the first, a Campanian, he it was that sent Germanus and Lupus hither into England; Paladius into Scotland, and Patrick into Ireland; he first caused the Psalms to be sung in Antiphony; he sate eight years ten months.

46. Sixtus the third, he was accused by one Bassus for getting a Nun with Child, but was ac∣quitted by the Synod, and his accuser sent into Exile; he built much, and therefore had the ti∣tle of Inrich••r of the Church; he sate eight years.

47. Leo the first disswaded Attila from sack∣ing Rome; Peter and Paul terrifying the Hunno, while Leo spake to him. In his time the Vene∣tians setled themselves in the Gulph, now so fa∣mous; he sate twenty one years one month and thirteen dayes.

48. Hilarius the first, in his time was the recti∣fying of the Golden Number, by Victorinus of Aquitaine; and the bringing in of the Letany, by Mamerius Claudius of Vienna; he sate seven years three months and ten dayes.

49. Simplicius the first, a Tiburtine, he took upon him the jurisdiction of the Church of Ra∣venna; decreed that none of the Clergy should hold a Benefice of any Lay-man; he sate fifteen years one month and seven dayes.

50. Foelix the third, Son of a Roman Priest, decreed that no Church should be consecrated but by a Bishop; opposed the proposal of Uni∣on by the Emperour Zeno, to the great confusi∣on of the Eastern and Western Churches; sate eight years.

51. Gelasius the first, an African, ordered the Canon of Scripture, branding counterfeit books that before passed ••or Canonical or Authenti∣cal; banished the Manichees, and burnt their Books; he sate four years eight months and se∣venteen dayes.

52. Anastasius the second, a Roman, excom∣municated Anastasius the Greek Emperour, for favouring the Heretick Acatius, whose heresie afterwards himself favoured; he sate one year, ten months and twenty four dayes.

53. Symmachus the first, a Sardinian, carryed it against Laurentius his Competitor; he was a Lover of the poor, and bountiful to the exiled Bishops and Clergy; he sate fifteen years six months and twenty two dayes.

54. Hormisda the first, the Emperour Iustinus sent him his Embassadours with the confirmati∣on of the authority of the Apostolick seat; he condemned the Eutychians in a provincial Synod; and sate nine years and eighteen dayes.

55. Iohannes the first, a Tuscan, a man of great learning and piety; was cast into prison by The∣odorick, and there killed with the stench and filth of it; he sate two years and eight months.

56. Foelix the fourth, a Samnite, excommuni∣cated the Patriarch of Constantinople; divided the Chancel from the Church; commanded extream Unction to be used to dying men; he sate four years two months and thirteen dayes.

57. Bonifacius the second, a Roman, decreed that no Bishop should choose his Successor; and that the Pope (if it might be) should be cho∣sen within three dayes after his Predecessors death; he sate two years two dayes.

58. Iohannes the second, a Roman, condem∣ned Anthemius the Patriarch of Constantinople; was sirnamed Mercury for his eloquence; Wri∣ters say no more of him, but that he sate two years and four months.

59. Agapetus the first, a Roman, sent Embas∣sador by King Theodatus to pacifie Iustinian the Emperour for the death of the Noble and Learn∣ed Queen Amalasuntha; he sate eleven months and nineteen dayes.

60. Sylverius a Campanian, was deposed by the Empress for refusing to put out Menna, and re∣store Anthemius her Favourite; he dyed in exile having sate one year five months and twelve dayes.

61. Vigilius the ••irst, for breach of promise to the Empress, was fetched to Constantinople, there with a halter about his neck drawn about the streets and banished; he sate seventeen years seven months and twenty dayes.

62. Pelagius the first, ordained that Hereticks and Schismaticks should be punished with tempo∣ral death, that no man for mony should be ad∣mitted into Orders; he sate eleven years ten months and twenty eight dayes.

63. Iohannes the third, in his time the Arme∣nians did receive the faith of Christ; he was set∣led in his Chair by Narses, and sate twelve years eleven months and twenty six dayes.

64. Benedictus the first, a Roman, in his time the Lombards forraged Italy, the grief of this

and other the Calamities of Italy was the death of this Pope, when he had sate four years one month and twenty eight dayes.

65. Pelagius the second, a Roman, was made Pope in the siege of the City by the Lombards, without the Emperours consent, which election he sent Gregory to excuse; he sate ten years two months and ten dayes.

66. Gregorius the first, sirnamed the Great, called himself Servus servorum Dei, sent Austin into England to convert the Eastern Saxons, with∣stood the claim of Universal Bishop; he sate thirteen years six months and ten dayes.

67. Sabinianus the first, the last of the Roman Bishops not having that arrogant title of Uni∣versal Bishop, or Head of the Church; he oppo∣sed all that Gregory had done; distinguished the hours of Offices, and sate one year five months and nine dayes.

68. Bonifacius the third, obtained of Phocas, a murderer of his Lord, that Popish Supremacy, which to this day is so much stood upon, and Volumus & Iubemus to be the stile of this Priest; he enjoyed his pomp but a while, he sate but nine months.

69. Bonifacius the fourth, he instituted All-hal∣low day, dedicated the Temple of Pantheon to the Virgin Mary; made his Fathers House a Mo∣nastery, and dyed having sate six years eight months and thirteen dayes.

70. Deus dedit the first, a Roman, he loved and enriched the Clergy, is said to have cured a Leper with a Kiss, ordered that Gossips should not marry; he dyed having sate only three years and three and twenty dayes.

71. Bonifacius the fifth, a Campanian, he pri∣viledged Murderers and Thieves that took San∣ctuary, that the hands of Justice should not pluck them thence; he dyed having sate five years and ten dayes.

72. Honorius the first, he covered the Church of Saint Peter with the Brazen Tiles taken from the Capitol; he also instituted the Feast of the Exaltation of the Cross; and dyed having sate twelve years eleven months and seventeen dayes.

73. Severinus the first, a Roman, in his time Isa∣acius the Exarch of Italy took away the Laterane treasure to pay his Souldiers, for which yet the Pope dared not to excommunicate him; he sate one year and two months.

74. Iohannes the fourth, a Dalmatian, with the remainder of the Treasure, redeemed some Exiles of his Country-men; he busied himself about the celebration of Easter, and translation of the bones of Martyrs, sate only nine months.

75. Theodorus the first, a Grecian, Son to the Bishop of Ierusalem, he deprived Pyrrhus Patri∣arch of Constantinople for the heresie of the Ace∣phali; he dyed having sate six years five months and eighteen dayes.

76. Martinus the first, an Italian, ordained Priests to shave their Polls, and to keep them∣selves single; he excommunicated Paulus Patri∣arch of Constantinople, for which he was banished into Pontus; he sate six years one month and twenty six dayes.

77. Eugenius was less active and sped better, he would that Bishops should have Prisons for their Priests, to repress their over boldness; he sate only one year and nine months.

78. Vitalianus the first, first brought Organs into the Divine service of the Church of Rome; he excommunicated Maurus the Arch-bishop of Ra∣venna. Theodorus and Hadrian were sent by hi•• into England to introduce the Latine Service, he sate fourteen years and six months.

79. Adeodatus the first was formerly a Mon••, Earth-quakes, Comets and Tempests such •• never were before did amaze men in his time, he dyed having sate four years two months an•• five dayes.

80. Donus the first had the Church of Rave∣na subjected to him by Theodorus the Arch-b••∣shop, which before-time pretended equality wi•••• that of Rome, he adorned the Church Porch •••• St. Peter with Marble, and sate five years.

81. Agatho the first, a Sicilian, ordained that the Popes Sanctions should be as firmly kept, •• those of the Apostles. He sent Iohn Abbot •••• St. Martins into England to have our Church service in tune; and with other superstitious in junctions: he is said to have dyed of the Plague▪ and sate one year six months and fifteen dayes.

82. Leo the second, a Sicilian skilled in Greek Latine and Musick; he ratifyed the sixth Synod to confirm the Mass, and restrain the Wester•• Priests marriages, brought in the kissing of th•• Paxe, sate only ten months.

83. Benedictus the second, a Roman, he got to be first stiled the Vicar of Christ, and that the Popes should be freely elected by the Clergy, without consent of the Exarchs or Emperours; this Pope (as his Predecessour) sate but ten months.

84. Iohannes the fifth, a Syrian, of whom no∣thing is remarkable, but that he was consecra∣ted by the three Bishops of Ostia, Portua and Veliternum; he dyed in the first year of his Pope∣dom; the same manner of his consecration be∣ing still observed by his Successors.

85. Conon the first, a Thracian, sent St. Killi∣an the Scot with some others to convert some places of Germany, where they were martyred; he sickned upon his election, and sate only ele∣ven months.

86. Sergius the first, a Syrian, for refusing to receive the Canons of Trullo, he was sent for by the Emperour, but rescued by the Italians; he was taxed with Adultery, sate twelve years eight months.

87. Iohannes the sixth, a Grecian, some say he was famous for feeding the Poor in a great famine, and that he dyed a Martyr, but none tells why, or by whom; he sate two years three months.

88. Iohannes the seventh, some say the Son of the former, was noted for nothing so much as building some Churches, aud erecting Images; he sate one year seven months and seventeen dayes.

89. Sisinnius the first, this man had the Gout both in his hands and feet, yet left he provisi∣ons and materials for the building and repairs of the City Walls and Temples; he sate but three weeks; 'tis suspected he had foul play.

90. Constantinus the first, going to Constantino∣ple, Iustinian the second kissed his feet in sign of honour, which the ambitious succeeding Popes drew, first into example, at last into custome as it now continueth; he sate six years and twenty dayes.

91. Gregorius the second, a Roman, excom∣municates Leo Isaurus the Emperour, for stand∣ing against Images; forced Luitprandus King of Italy to confirm the donations of his predecessor Arithpert; he sate fifteen years nine months.

92. Gregorius the third, a Syrian, espouses the quarrel about Images; Excommunicates the Emperour; drives the Greeks out of Italy by the Lombards: and afterwards over-tops the Lom∣bards by the French, under conduct of Charles Martell; he sat nine years eight months.

93. Zacharias the first, a Grecian, deposeth Childerick, King of France, and by the same high hand turns Rachis, King of Lombardy, and Caroloman of France, from their Thrones to be Monks; he held the Chair for ten years and three months.

94. Stephanus the second, a Roman, he wrought so with Pepin of France, that he outed Aistul∣phus of Lombardy, and bestowed it on the Pope, for freeing him of his Oath: for this success, he was the first that was carryed upon mens shoulders; he sat four years and one month.

95. Paulus the first, a Roman, and brother of Stephen, Excommunicated Constantine Copronimus the Emperour upon the old quarrel; he was a great honourer of St. Petronilla, the daughter of St. Peter; he sat nine years one month.

96. Stephanus the third, a Sicilian, he brought in the Worshipping and censing of Images, and subjected Millaine to his See; he sat three years and five months:

97. Adrianus the first; the Pope having done Charles the Great a piece of Service, he to re∣ward him, confirmed his Fathers gifts to the Ro∣man See, adding the Dukedoms of Spoleto and Benevent unto it; perhaps this they call Constan∣tines Donation; he sat twenty two years ten months.

98. Leo the third, to get the favour of Charles the Great, prostituted his Keyes and the Roman Liberties at his feet: for which the Romans plucked him from his Horse and whipt him; Charles coming to Rome in favour of the Pope is pronounced Emperour; he sat twenty one years.

99. Stephanus the fourth, Decreed it should be in the power of the Clergy to Elect the Pope but not to consecrate him, but in the presence of the Emperours Embassadour; he sat but six months and some daies.

100. Paschalis the first caused certain Parish Priests in Rome to be called Cardinals, now Mates for Kings, numbered about seventy, but more or less at the sole pleasure of the Popes; he sat six years and three months.

101. Eugenius the second took the authority in the territories of the Church to create Dukes, Earls, and Knights, as the Exarchs of Ravenna had used to do; he was called the Father of the poor, and sat four years.

102. Valeminus the first was a man of too good hopes to hold the Chair long; great his accomplishments, and exemplary his life, but he was soon gone, for he died upon the fortieth day after his Election.

103. Gregorius the fourth; in his daies great was the Luxury of the Clergy, against which a Synod was held at Aquisgrave▪ this Pope sat al∣most sixteen years.

104. Sergius the second was the first that changed his disgraceful name of Bocca di porca, or Swines mouth, into Sergius, which precedent his Successours have since followed, at their Crea∣tion changing their names.

105. Leo the fourth, a Romish Monk; he compassed the Vatican with a Wall; dispensed with Ethelwolfe to leave his Monastery and Reign in England, for which he gratified his Holiness with yearly Peter-pence; he sat seven years three months and six daies.

106. Iohannes the eighth, is by most confes∣sed to be a woman, and is usually called Pope Ioan: to avoid the like disgrace, the Porphyry Chair was ordained; she died in Child-birth in going to the Lateran, having sat one year one month and four daies.

107. Benedictus the third, a Roman, was with∣stood by one Anastasius, but to no purpose; he made shew of great humility, and therefore would not be buried in but without the Threshold of St. Peters Church; he sat one year six months nine daies.

108. Nicholaus the first, was the first that by Law prohibited marriage to the Roman Clergy; deprives Iohn of Ravenna for not stooping to him; swaggers with Michael the Emperour of ......., and sat six years nine months and thir∣teen daies.

109. Adrianus the second, the Emperours Embassadour excepted against his election, but had a delusive answer. The Emperour Lotharius came to Rome to receive absolution of him, which is much stood upon; he sat four years nine months twelve daies.

110. Iohannes the ninth Crowned three Em∣perours, Charles the Bald, Charles the Grosse, and Lewis; held a Council at Trecas; drave the Saracens out of Italy and Sicily, and died, ha∣ving sat ten years and two daies, and was buried in St. Peters.

111. Martinus the second, a French man, his father Palumbus was a Conjurer, and the son got the Popedom by evil arts; he did nothing wor∣thy of memory, but died, having sat only one year and five months.

112. Adrianus the third ordained that the Emperour should no more have to do with the Election or Confirmation of the Pope, but that it should be left wholly to the Roman Clergy; he died in the first year and second month of his Popedom.

113. Stephanus the fifth, a Roman, did nothing of note, only he abrogated the purging of Adul∣tery and Witchcraft by going over burning Coulters, and casting the suspected into the water; he died having sat six years and eleven daies.

114. Formosus the first, was so ill beloved, that Pope Stephen the sixth caused his body to be unburied, all his acts reversed, two of his fin∣gers to be cut off, and then buried amongst the Laity: Sergius the third took him up again, caused his head to be cut off, and the body to be thrown into Tyber; died the sixth month of his fifth year.

115. Bonifacius the sixth, a Tuscan, is inserted into the Catalogue, not for any thing he did, but because rightly elected, and indeed what could be expected to be done by him, who had no longer time wherein to enjoy his Popedom, for he died upon the twenty sixth day from his Election.

116. Stephanus the sixth, a Roman, abrogated all the acts of Formosus his Predecessour, which afterwards grew customary through this exam∣ple, the following Popes infringing, if not fully cancelling all that was done by their immediate Predecessour; this Pope died in the first year and third month of his Popedom.

117. Romanus the first, a Roman, voided all the Decrees and Acts of Pope Stephen that was before him; besides this, he had not time to do any thing worthy of memory, for he died in the third month of his Popedom.

118. Theodorus the second, a Roman, restored the acts of Formosus, and his followers were in great esteem with him; in his time the Saracens broke into Apulia and made great spoil, but were repelled by the Italians; the Pope died, having sat in his Chair only twenty daies.

119. Iohannes the tenth, a Roman, restored the acts of Formosus, and being therein opposed by the people, he got to Ravenna, had a Coun∣cil of seventy four Bishops, and therein restored the acts of Formosus, and rescinded those of Ste∣phen; which done he died on the fifteenth day of his second year.

120. Benedictus the fourth, a Roman, for his humanity and clemency created Pope; nothing, saith Platina, was done in his time that was wor∣thy of much praise; but that in a bad time he preserved much gravity and constancy in his life, and died in the fourth month of his third year.

121. Leo the fifth, Historians give no account of his Country, he was made Prisoner by his familiar friend Christopher, and thereupon is thought to have died of grief upon the fortieth day after his arrival to the Popedom.

122. Christophorus the first, was so base that his Country is not known, having obtained the Pa∣pacy by evil arts; he speedily lost it, was thrust into a Monastery, the then only refuge of the miserable: and this in the seventh month of his Usurpation of that Seat, whereof he had de∣prived his friend.

123. Sergius the third ordained the beating of Candles in the Feast of the Purification of the Virgin Mary, thence called Candlemas day, im∣prisoned Christopher, rescinded the acts of For∣mosus, and died having sat seven years four months.

124. Anastasius the third, a Roman, made no mark of ignominy upon any of his Predecessours, and lived himself with that modesty and inte∣grity, that there was nothing to be reprehended in him; he died in the second year of his Popedom.

125. Landus the first, a Roman, his life is so obscure, that some will not allow him any place amongst the Popes; nothing is said of him, but that he died in his sixth month and on the twenty first day of it, and buried in St. Peters.

126. Iohannes the eleventh, the Bastard of Pope Sergius, overthrew the Saracens; in a Se∣dition he was taken and put in bonds, where he was sti••led by a Pillow, having sat thirteen years two month and three daies.

127. Leo the sixth, a Roman, a modest and honest man, who took care of the Service of God as much as the corruption of that time would bear, but died on the fifteenth day of his seventh month, much lamented by the Romans.

128. Stephanus the seventh, a Roman▪ in his time Spireneus, Duke of Bohemia, received the Christian Faith; the Pope himself was a man of much meekness and Religion, and died having sat two years one month and twelve daies.

129. Iohannes the twelfth, a wicked cruel and libidinous man, was taken in Adultery and slain by the husband of the woman; was sup∣posed, to have poysoned Leo and Stephen his Predecessours; he sat four years ten months.

130. Leo the seventh, a Roman, in his time Boson Bishop of Placentia, and Theobald Bishop of Millaine, and another great Prelate, were all Bastards of King Hugh, by his Concubines Be∣zola, Rosa, and Stephana; he sat three years six months and ten daies.

131. Stephanus the eight, a German, vexed with Seditions, and in them so deformed with wounds, that he was ashamed to be seen in pub∣lick: so that nothing being done by him of any note, he died in the third year the fourth month and twelfth day of his Papacy.

132. Martinus the third, a Roman, gave him∣self to peace and piety, rebuilded ruinous Churches, and gave great Alms to the poor: nothing else is remembred of him, but that he died in the third year sixth month and tenth day of his Papacy.

133. Agapetus the second, a Roman; in his time the Hungarians brake into Italy, and were overcome in two set Battels by Henry, Duke of Bavaria; this Pope was a man of great inno∣cence, and died in the ninth year seventh month and tenth day of his Papacy.

134. Iohannes the thirteenth, a man from his youth polluted with all kind of villany and disho∣nesty; he was deposed by Otho in a Council, and slain in the act of Adultery, after he had ar∣rived to the ninth year the third month and fifth day of his Papacy.

135. Benedictus the fifth, a Roman, from a Deacon advanced to the Papacy, but the Em∣perour approved not the Election, took the Pope with him into Germany, who died of grief at Hamburg, his place of banishment, having sat only six months and five daies.

136. Leo the eighth, Crowned Otho Emperour, remits unto him the right of choosing Popes, be∣fore in the hands of the Clergy and people, for which was ratified unto the Papacy Constantines (or rather Pipin's) Donation; he died in his first year and fourth month.

137. Iohannes the fourteenth, Bishop of Nar∣nia, was also wearied with Seditions, and im∣prisoned, but freed by the Emperour Otho; in his time Bells began to be Baptized, and had names given them; he died in the eleventh month of his sixth year.

138. Benedictus the sixth, a Roman, by Cintius a potent Citizen first imprisoned, and then strangled in the Castle of St. Angelo; Platina fears Benedict deserved all he suffered, because none stirred in his quarrel; he died in the sixth month of his first year.

139. Donus the second, a man of that mo∣desty that though he did not any thing much worthy of praise, yet he received no injury, nor had any infamous note upon him; he died in the first year of his Papacy, and was buried in St. Peters.

140. Bonifacius the seventh, the Citizens op∣posed him, so he stole away the Church orna∣ments and treasure, and fled to Constantinople; he returns and recovers his place, but soon after dies of an Apoplexy, having sat only seven months and five daies.

141. Benedictus the seventh, a Roman, he turned out Gilbert the Conjurer from the Arch∣bishoprick of Rhemes, and restored Arnulphus: he was a good man, saith Platina, and died in the sixth month of his eighth year.

142. Iohannes the fifteenth, was taken by the Romans, imprisoned and there made to die with famine, grief of mind, and the filth of his Pri∣son, by Ferrucius the father of Boniface; he died in his third month.

143. Iohannes the sixteenth, a hater of the Clergy, and hated by them; he was all for the enriching of his Kindred; and his example there∣in hath been ever since followed; he died, saith Platina, by the Will of God in his eighth month.

144. Iohannes the seventeenth, reputed a great Scholar; he was driven from Rome into Hetruria by Crescentius the Roman Consul, but he submitting himself, Iohn returned, and died in the sixth month and tenth year of his Papacy.

145. Gregorius the fifth, projected the Electi∣on of the future Emperours by the Princes of Germany, by which the Germans were distracted into Factions, the Romans weakened, and way made that the Popes might the better have their ends upon them.

146. Iohannes the eighteenth, a Thief and a Robber, saith Platina, who entred not in by the door, having bribed Crescentius, and others to receive him; but he died with ignominy in the tenth month of his Papacy.

147. Sylvester the second, a French man, first called Gerebertus, a Magician, and who contra∣cted with the Devil for the Papacy, whereof he is said to have repented; he died having sat three years and ten daies.

148. Iohannes the nineteenth was given to Magick; took off the choice of the Popes from the people; appointed the Feast of All Souls, and died the twentieth day of the fourth month of his Papacy.

149. Iohannes the twentieth Crowned the Em∣perour Conrade, and was alwaies protected by him; he did nothing worthy of memory, but died in the fourth month of his fourth year.

150. Sergius the fourth, was the first that on Christmas night consecrated Swords, Roses, or the like, to be sent as tokens of love and honour to such Princes as deserved best, and whom he de∣sired to oblige.

151. Benedictus the eighth, a Tuscan, is said to be seen upon a black Horse after his death; he Crowned the Emperour Henry, also in his time there was such a Plague as the living scarce sufficed to bury the dead; he died in the first month of his eleventh year.

152. Iohannes the twenty first, a Roman, son to the Bishop of Portua, some say not in Orders before he took the Popedom; Platina saith, He was a man of excellent life, and died upon the ninth day in the eleventh year of his Papacy.

153. Benedictus the ninth, a Conjurer, wont with Lawrence and Gratian the Conjurers (whom he made Cardinals) to wander in the Woods to invocate Devils, and bewitch women to fol∣low, them; he sat ten years four months and nine daies.

154. Sylvester the third made Pope while Be∣nedict was living, but the other soon recovered his Seat, when Sylvester had sat but forty nine daies, and had made Casimir a Monk King of Poland.

155. Gregorius the sixth, received the Keyes, so that three Popes were extant at one time: but Henry the Emperour expelled Benedict, Syl∣vester, and Gregory, this last having sat two years and seven months, of whom the Historian saith He did many things well.

156. Clemens the second caused the Romans to renounce by Oath the right they claimed in chusing Popes: but Henry the Emperour gone, they poisoned this Pope when he had sat not full nine months.

157. Damasus 2. a Bavarian, without consent of the Clergy or people seised on the Popedom: but he enjoyed it but a short time, for he died upon the twenty third day after his Usurpation.

158. Leo the ninth, a German, a man, saith Platina, of great Piety, Innocence and Hospi∣tality to strangers and the poor; at Vercellis he held a Council against Berengarius; he sat four years two months and six daies.

159. Victor the second, a Bavarian, made Pope by the favour of Henry the Emperour; he held a great Council at Florence; deprived di∣vers Bishops for Fornication and Simony, and died in the third month of his second year.

160. Stephanus the ninth, brought the Church of Millaine under the obedience of the Popes of Rome, which till that time challenged equality with them, and died at Florence the eighth day of his seventh month.

161. Benedictus the tenth, a Campanian, made Pope by the Faction of the Nobles, but by a Council held at Sutrinum he was deposed and banished, having sat eight months and twenty daies.

162. Nicholaus the second took from the Ro∣man Clergy the Election of the Popes, and gave it to the Colledge of Cardinals; caused Beren∣garius to recant his Opinion against Transubstan∣tiation, and died in the sixth month of his third year.

163. Alexander the second, a Millanois, in∣clining to the Emperours right in choosing the Pope, is first boxed, then imprisoned, and at last poysoned by Hildebrand, having sat ten years and six months.

164. Gregorius the seventh, commonly called Hildebrand, a turbulent man, Excommunicated the Emperour Henry the fourth: but the Em∣perour made him fly out of Rome, and die in Exile in his twelfth year.

165. Victor the third, an Italian, defended all the doings of Gregory, but not long after he was poysoned by his Sub-deacon in the Chalice, ha∣ving sat but one year and four months.

166. Vrbanus the second, an Hetrurian, Ex∣communicates the Emperour, and sets all Chri∣stendom in Combustion, and thence was called Turbanus; he died in the twelfth year of his Papacy.

167. Paschalis the second caused the Emperour Henry the fourth to submit to him, and to at∣tend barefoot at his door; also Excommuni∣cated Henry the fifth; interdicted Priests mar∣riages, and sat seventeen years.

168. Gelasius the second, a Campanian, was vexed with Seditions all his time; some say the Knights Templars had their beginning in his Pa∣pacy; he sat but one year and five daies.

169. Calistus the second, a Burgundian; he appointed the four Fasts; Decreed it Adultery for a Bishop to forsake his See; interdicted Priests marriages; he sat five years ten months and six daies.

170. Honorius the second, an Italian, a lover of Learned men; Arnulphus an English man was murdered in his time for taxing the vices of the Clergy; he died lamented, having sat five years and two months.

171. Innocentius the second, opposed by an Anti-pope called Anacletus; he ordained, That none of the Laity should lay hand on any of the Clergy, and died in the fourteenth year and se∣venth month of his Papacy.

172. Celestinus the second was the Inventor of that mad manner of Cursing with Bell, Book and Candle: besides which it is only said of him, That he died in the fifth month of his Papacy.

173. Lucius the second, a Bononian; he migh∣tily incited men to the Holy War; in his time a Synod was held in France, against Petrus Abelar∣dus, who thereupon changed his opinion; Lucius sat eleven months four daies.

174. Eugenius the third, a Pisan, a Monk with the Abbot St. Bernard; he would not permit the Romans to choose their own Senators; by which a quarrel grew: that composed, he died, having sat eight years four months.

175. Anastasius the fourth, a Roman; in his time was a Famine all over Europe; little is said of him, but that he gave a great Chalice to the Church of Laterane, and died, having sat one year four months.

176. Adrianus the fourth, an English man; he forced Frederick the Emperour to hold his Stirrup, and then Excommunicated him for claiming his right, and writing his name before the Popes, being choaked with a fly at Anag∣nia, he died, having sat four years and ten months.

177. Alexander the third Excommunicated the Emperour Frederick the first, and brought him to that exigent as to prostrate himself at his feet, when the Pope trod upon his neck; he sat twenty one years and more.

178. Lucius the third strove to abolish the Ro∣man Consuls, for which he was forced to quit Rome and retire to Verona, where he also died, having sat four years and two months.

179. Vrbanus the third, a Millanois; in his time Ierusalem was retaken by Saladine, with grief whereof the Pope died; he sat one year ten months.

180. Gregorius the eighth incited the Christian Princes to recovery of Ierusalem, in which en∣deavour he died the fifty seventh day of his Papacy.

181. Clemens the third Excommunicated the Danes for maintaining the marriage of their Clergy: composed the differences at Rome, and died in the third year and fifth month of his Papacy.

182. Celestinus the third put the Crown on the Emperours head with his feet, and then struck it off again, saying, Per me Reges regnant: he sat six years seven months.

183. Innocentius the third brought in the Do∣ctrine of Transubstantiation; ordained a Pix to cover the Host, and a Bell to be rung before it; and first imposed Auricular Confession upon the people.

184. Honorius the third confirms the Orders of Dominick and Francis, and sets them against the Waldenses; exacted two Prebends from every Cathedral in England; he sat ten years 7 months.

185. Gregorius the ninth thrice Excommuni∣cates the Emperour Frederick; in his time began the deadly feud of the Papal Guelphs, and the Imperial Gibbelines; he sat fourteen years and three months.

186. Celestinus the fourth, a man of great Learning, and Piety, saith Platina, but being very old (and perhaps poysoned) at his entrance, he kept his Seat but eighteen daies.

187. Innocentius the fourth, in a Council at Lions deposed the Emperour Frederick; terrified with a dream of his being cited to Judgement, he died, having sat eleven years six months.

188. Alexander the fourth condemns the Book of William de Sancto Amore, Saints Clara, pills England of its Treasure, and dies at Vi∣terbium in the seventh year of his Papacy.

189. Vrbanus the fourth, formerly Patriarch of Ierusalem; he instituted the Feast of Corpus Christi day, solicited thereto by Eva an Ancho∣resse; he sat three years one month and four daies.

190. Clemens the fourth, the greatest Lawyer in France, had before his Election a Wife and three Children; sent Octobonus into England to take the value of all Church Revenues; he sat three years.

191. Gregory the tenth, an Italian, held a Council at Lions, wherein was present Michael Paleologus the Greek Emperour, who acknow∣ledged there the Procession of the Holy Ghost from Father and Son; this Pope sat four years two months and ten daies.

192. Adrianus the fifth, a Genoway, before called Octobonus, and Legate here in England in the daies of Henry the third; he died before he was consecrated in the fortieth day of his Popedom.

193. Iohannes the twenty second, a Spaniard and Physician; though a Learned man, yet un∣skilled in Affairs; he did many things with folly enough; he sat but eight months.

194. Nicholaus the third first practised to en∣rich his Kindred; he raised a quarrel betwixt the French and Sicilians, which occasioned the Mas∣sacre in the Sicilian Vesper; he sat three years.

195. Martinus the fourth, a French man; he kept the Concubine of his Predecessour Nicholas: removed all Pictures of Bears from the Palace, lest his Sweet-heart should bring forth a Bear; sat four years.

196. Honorius the fourth confirmed the Au∣gustine Friers, and caused the white Carmelites to be called, Our Ladies Brethren; he did lit∣tle more, but died, having sat two years and one day.

197. Nicholaus the fourth preferred persons solely upon respect to their vertue; and died of grief to see Church and State in a remediless com∣bustion, having sat four years one month.

198. Celestinus the fifth, an Hermit, was easi∣ly perswaded to quit the Chair: the Cardinals perswading it was above his ability: so he re∣signed, was imprisoned and died; he sat one year and five months.

199. Bonifacius the eighth, by his general Bull exempted the Clergy from being chargeable with Taxes and Payments to temporal Princes; first set forth the Decretals, and instituted the Feast of Iubilee.

200. Benedictus the eleventh, a Lombard, was a man of great humility, desired to compose all Brawls: but was poysoned in a Figg, as some say, having sat eight months and seventeen daies.

201. Clemens the fifth, first made Indulgences and Pardons saleable; he removed the Papal See from Rome to Avignon in France, where it con∣tinued for seven years; he sat eight years.

202. Iohannes the twenty third, he Sainted Thomas of Aquine, and Thomas of Hereford, challenged Supremacy over the Greek Church, and died, having sat nineteen years and four months.

203. Benedictus the twelfth, a man of that constancy, as by no means to be sway'd from that which he judged to be right; he died in the seventh year and third month of his Papacy.

204. Clemens the sixth; a dreadful Pestilence in Italy was in his time, so that scarce a tenth man remained alive; he died, having sat ten years six months and twenty eight daies.

205. Innocencius the sixth, a Lawyer, burnt Iohn de Rupe scissâ, for foretelling shrewd things of Anti-Christ; he sat nine years.

206. Vrbanus the fifth, a great Stickler for Popish Priviledges; he confirmed the Order of St. Brigitt; being poysoned (as 'tis thought) he died, having sat eight years and four months.

207. Gregorius the eleventh returned the Pa∣pal Chair again to Rome; he Excommunicated the Florentines, and sat seven years five months.

208. Vrbanus the sixth; Gunpowder was In∣vented in his time; he made fifty four Cardinals, held a Jubilee to gather money, and died ha∣ving sat eleven years and eight months.

209. Bonifacius the ninth, scarce thirty years old when made Pope; very ignorant, and a great seller of Church Livings; he sat fourteen years and nine months.

210. Innocentius the seventh demanded the Moiety of Ecclesiastical Benefices both in France and England, but was stoutly denied; he sat but two years.

211. Gregorius the twelfth swore to resign for the peace of the Church, but collusion discerned betwixt him and Benedict, both were outed.

212. Alexander the fifth, a Cretan, a man of great Sanctity and Learning; he deposed La∣distaus, King of Naples and Apulia; and sat but eight months.

213. Iohannes the twenty fourth of Naples; by his consent a Council was Assembled at Con∣stance, where himself was deposed.

214. Martinus the fifth condemned Wickcliffè, burnt Iohn Husse, and Ierome of Prague his Fol∣lowers; he sat fourteen years odd months.

215. Eugenius the fourth, a Venetian, refused to appear at the Council of Basil, who thereup∣on deposed him; he sat sixteen years.

216. Nicholaus the fifth, of Genoua; in his time the Turks took Constantinople; he built the Vatican, and died in the eighth year of his Pa∣pacy.

217. Calistus the third, a Spaniard, sent Preachers throughout Europe, to animate Princes to War against the Turks; sat but three years.

218. Pius the second, an Italian, approved of the marriage of the Clergy; and turned out di∣vers Cloystered Nuns; and sat six years.

219. Paulus the second exceeded all his Prede∣cessours in Pomp and Shew, enrich'd his Miter with all kind of precious Stones; honoured the Cardinals with a Scarlet Gown, and reduced the Jubilee from fifty to twenty five years.

220. Sixtus the fourth ordained a Guard to attend his Person; was the first Founder of the Vatican Library, and brought in Beads; sat thir∣teen years.

221. Innocentius the eighth, of Genoua, much given to excess in drinking and venery; he sat seven years and ten months.

222. Alexander the sixth first openly acknow∣ledged his Nephews (as they call their Bastards) to be his sons, was incestuous with his daughter, and gave himself to the Devil; he sat eleven years.

223. Pius the third sought to hunt the French men out of Italy, but died in the interim of an Ulcer in his Leg, having sat twenty five daies.

224. Iulius the second, more Souldier than Prelate, passing over a Bridge of Tyber, threw his Key into the River, and brandished his sword; Excommunicated Lewis of France, and sat nine years three months.

225. Leo the tenth burnt Luther's Books, de∣claring him an Heretick: Luther did the like at Wittenberge with the Popes Canon Law, de∣claring him for a Persecutor, Tyrant, and the very Antichrist.

226. Adrian the sixth, a Low-Country man, made shew at his entrance of Reformation, but was diverted; the Lutherans began to spread, and the Turks to approach: these and other things broke him so that he died in his second year.

227. Clemens the seventh, of Florence; in his time Rome was Sack'd, and the Pope made Priso∣ner by the Duke of Burbon; the Popes Supre∣macy cast off in England by King Henry the eighth; some say he died of the lowsie disease.

228. Paulus the third called the Council at Trent; prostituted his Sister; committed incest with his daughter; poysoned her husband; at∣tempted the chastity of his Neece, found in the act he was marked by her husband; he was a Ne∣cromancer.

229. Iulius the third gave his Cardinals Hat to a Sodomitical boy, called Innocentius; in his time Casa, Arch-bishop of Beneventum, Printed a Book in defence of Sodomy; England re∣conciled to the Mother Church in Queen Maries daies.

230. Marcellus the second, an Hetruscan; he esteemed the Lutherans worse than Turks; and perswaded Charles the fifth and Ferdinand, rather to turn their Forces against them; he was Pope but twenty three daies.

231. Paulus the fourth, the Neapolitane, a great Patron of the Jesuites and Inquisition, in which had been made away one hundred and fifty thousand persons for Religion; being hated for his cruelty, after his death his Statue was cast into Tyber.

232. Pius the fourth continued the Council at Trent, and brought it to an end, and thereby setled and confirmed the interest of the Church of Rome: caused it to be received as Oecumeni∣cal; his Legates forbid footing in England by Queen Elizabeth. Venery and Luxury shortned this Popes daies: and then succeeded.

233. Pius the fifth, a Lombard, commanded the Whores in Rome to be married or whipt. He had a hand in the death of Prince Charles of Spain, and of our King Iames his Father, and in most of the Treasons against Queen Eliza∣beth, whom he Excommunicated by Bull; he left his Seat to

234. Gregorius the thirteenth, a Bononian; the Massacre at Paris was by this mans procure∣ment. He altered the Kalender to his New Stile, which anticipates ten daies the old ac∣count; he Excommunicated and outed the Arch∣bishop of Collen, because he married; would have disposed of the Kingdom of Portugal, but was prevented.

235. Sixtus the fifth, of Marca Anconae, Ex∣communicates and praises the Murder of Henry the third of France by Iaquez Clement: blesseth the Banner of Spain against England in 88. quar∣rels with Spain for Naples, and wiped the Jesuites of a great mass of money. The Cardinal Bel∣larmine Dedicates his Controversies to him, yet being asked his judgement of him when dead, said, He thought he was damned.

236. Vrbanus the seventh, a Genoway, ascen∣ded the Chair a••ter him, o•• whom there is the less to be said in that he enjoyed his Popedom but a fourteenth night, and then he left it to who should come after, dying before his inau∣guration. The Seat not long empty was sup∣plied by

237. Gregorius the fourteenth, of Millaine; he held a Jubilee, and exhausted the Treasury of the Church, which Sixtus before had sealed by an Oath, to be employed in the recovery of the Holy Land; he cursed King Henry of Na∣varre as a relapsed Heretick; his Bulls were burnt by the hands of the Hangman; he died of the Stone before he had sat one year out.

238. Innocentius the ninth, a Bononian, for the two months he was in, he expressed an hatred against the King of Navarre, and a good liking of the Jesuites: one year four months and three daies made an end of four Popes: and then came

239. Clemens the eighth made Henry of France turn Papist to be quiet; much troubled with the Gout, but eased, as he saith, when the Arch-duke Maximilian had kissed his gouty Toes.

240. Leo the eleventh came in with this Motto over his Arch-triumphal Pageant, Dignus est Leo in virtute Agni, accipere librum & solvere septem signacula ejus: but a Fevor ended him be∣fore he had sat twenty eight daies.

241. Paulus the fifth, an Italian, promoted the Powder-plot; interdicted the State of Ve∣nice, whereupon the Jesuites were banished; the Oath of Allegiance to King Iames forbidden by Breves from this Pope.

242. Gregorius the fifteenth, a Bononian, Elected by way of Adoration; he instigates the French against the Protestants, Saints Ignat-Loyola, and quarrels with the Venetians; after two years was chosen

243. Vrbanus the eighth, a Florentine, he ad∣vances his Kindred; in his time the Arch-bishop of Spalato turned from Papist to Protestant; and thence to Papist again; he was a politer Scholar than most of them.

244. Innocentius the tenth.

245. Alexander the seventh.