Cosmographie in four bookes : containing the chorographie and historie of the whole vvorld, and all the principall kingdomes, provinces, seas and isles thereof / by Peter Heylyn.

AN APPENDIX To the Former VVork, Endeavouring a Discovery Of the VNKNOWN PARTS of the WORLD.

AND here we are upon a new and strange Adventure, which no Knight Errant ever undertook before. Of things unknown, as there is commonly no desire, so less discourse can probably be made upon them. By unknown therefore we must understand less known, or not well discovered; and in that sense we may as well endeavour to say somwhat of them, as others with more pains and hazard to at∣tempt the discovery. And to say truth, even in the known parts of the World there is much unknown; as in the best and most flourishing Kingdoms of the Earth there is some waste ground, either not cultivated at all or not so well inhabited as the rest of the Country. For besides many vast tracts of ground in the North and North-west parts of Tar∣tary, and such parts of India as he Northwards towards Delanguer, Nangrocot, the East parts of Cau∣casus, and the Realms of Cathay; it is conceived that the greatest part of the midlands of Africk are undiscovered to this day, or the knowledge of them so imperfect as comes neer a nescience. And for A∣merica, not reckoning in the Northern Borders (which are in part to be the subject of this enquirie) it is affirmed of the Midlands by John de Lact, (who hath made the most exact description of it that was ever extant) Minimasui parte perlustratum esse, that the least part of them hath been discovered hitherto to any purpose. Leaving these therefore as before without further search, we will divide the VN∣KNOWN WORLD into these two parts, 1 Terra Incognita Borealis, and 2 Terra Incognita Australis; which with their Subdivisions we will now pursue.

TERRA INCOGNITA BOREALIS.

TERRA INCOGNITA BOREALIS, is that part of the Vnknown World which lieth towards the North; and is to be considered in these three notions. 1. As directly under the Pole, which for distinctions sake we will call Orbis Arcticus; 2. As lying to the North-east on the back of Europe, and Asia; or 3. on the North-west, on the back of America.

1. ORBIS ARCTICVS is that part of Terra Borealis Incognita▪ which lieth under or about the Arctick Pole: the situation and dimensions of which being taken with the Astrolabe by an Oxford-Frier, are by Mercator thus described out of the Itinerarie of James Cnoxe of Bo•• le duc, or the Besche a Town of Brabant.

Under the Artick Pole (saith he) is said to be a black Rock of wondrous height, about 33 leagues in compasss; the Land adjoyning being torn by the Sea into four great Ilands. For the Ocean vio∣lently breaking thorow it, and disgorging it self by 19 Channels, maketh four Euripi, of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Whirl∣pools, by which the waters are finally carried towards the North, and there swallowed into the Bonels of the Earth. That Euripus or Whirpool which is made by the Scythick Ocean, hath five 〈◊〉〈◊〉, and by reason of his strait passage, and violent course, is never frozen: the other on the back of Greenland, being 37 leagues long, hath three inlets, and remaineth frozen three moneths yearly. Between these two there lieth an Iland, on the North of Lappia and B••••rmia, inhabited as they say by Pygmies, the tallest of them not above four foot high. A certain Scholer of Oxford reporteth, that these four Eu∣ripi are carried with such furious violence towards some Gulf, in which they are finally swallowed up, that no ship is able with never so strong a Gale to stem the Current; and yet that there is never so strong a wind as to blow a Windmill.

The 〈◊〉〈◊〉, Ciral••us Cambrensis 〈◊〉〈◊〉 his Book De mi∣rabilibus

Hiberniae. So far and to this purpose he. But Blundevile our Countryman is of another opi∣nion (as indeed who not?) neither believing that Plinie or any other of the Roman Writers came hi∣ther to describe this Promontory: or that the Oxford Frier without the Assistance of some cold Devil of the middle Region or the Aire (and consequently able to endure all weathers) could approach so neer as to measure these cold Countries with his Astrolabe, or take the height of this Blacks Rock with his Jacobs Staff. Leaving this therefore as more fit for Lucians Dialogues, then any serious discourse; we will proceed to matters of more truth and certainty.

2. THE NORTH WEST parts of Terra incognita Borealis, are those which lie on the back of Estotiland, the most Northern Province of America: by which it hath been much endeavoured to finde out a passage to Cathay and China, and not to go so far about as either by the Cape of Good Hope, or the Streits of Magellan. Attempted first by Sebastian Cabot, An. 1497. at the charge of Henry the 7th. of England. But having discovered as far as to the 67 Degree of Northern Latitude, by the mutinie of his Ma••iners he was forced to return; where finding great preparations for a War with Scotland, that business for the present was laid aside. Resumed by Gaspar Corteriaglis, a Portugal, An. 1500, and af∣ter by Stephen Gomez a Spaniard, in the year 1525. bu•• neither of them went to far to the North as Cabot. Pursued with greater industry, but as bad Success by Sir Martin Frobisher, who made three Voyages for these parts (the first of them in the year 1576.) and brought home some of the Natives, a Sea Unicorn horn (still kept in the great Wardrobe of Windsor Castle) and a great deal of the Ore of that Country, found upon tryal, when in England, not to quit the cost. A great Promontory which he passed by, he called Queen Elizabeths Foreland, in whose name he took possession of it; and the Sea running not far off, he called Frobishers Streits. The Seas full set with Icy Ilands, some of them half a mile about, and 80 Pathoms above water; the People like the Samoeds, the worst kinde of Tartars, in their lives and habit. John Davies followed the Design An. 1585. at the incouragement of Sir Fran∣cis Walsingham then Principal Secretary of Estate: and having in three Voyages discovered to the La∣titude of 73 by reason of the many difficulties which he found in the Enterprise, and the death of Mr. Secretary, he was fain to give over; leaving unto a narrow Sea on the North of Estotiland the name of Fretum Davis in the Latitude of 65 and 20 Minutes, by which name still called. After him followed Weymouth, Hall, Hudson, Balton, Baffin, Smith, all English. The result of whose endeavours was the finding of some cold 〈◊〉〈◊〉 and points of Land, which they named King James his Cape, Queen Anns Cape, Prince Henries Foreland, Saddle Iland, Barren Iland, Red goose Iland, Digges his Iland; all of them betwixt 80 and 81. and the imposing on some passages and parts of the Sea the names of Hack∣luyts, Hendland, Smiths Bay, Hudsons Streits, Maudlins Sound, Fair Haven, and the like marks and ••monuments of their undertakings. Nothing a••chieved of publick moment but the Discovery of an I∣••and called Cherry Iland in the Latitude of 74 and the Shores of a large piece of the Continent, which they caused to be called King James his New Land, but most commonly Greenland; where they found many white Bears, with white, grey and Dun Foxes, Partriges, Geese, and some other Provisions, Sea-Unicorns Horns, great store of Morses (or Sea horses) the Oyl and Teeth whereof yield no small Commoditie. But most considerable for the Trade of Whale-fishing, which our men use yeerly upon those Coasts; of whose Oil, Bones, and Brain (this last supposed to be the true Sperma Coeti, now used as Medicinal) they raise very great profit.

3. THE NORTH EAST PARTS of Terra Incognita Borealis, are those which lie on the North of Russia and Tartaria; by which the like passage towards Cathay and China hath been oft at∣tempted; and hitherto with like success. Endeavoured first by Sebastian Cabor, the son of John Cabot so often mentioned before, by whom trained up in the Discovery of the North east parts of America. His employment failing here in England, he betook himself unto the service of the King of Spain; and coming out of Spain, An. 1549. was by King Edward the sixt made Grand Pilot of England, with an Annual Pension of 1661. 13 s. 4d. In the year 1553. he was the chief Dealer and Procurer of the Dis∣covery of Russia and the North-east Voyages, undertaken and performed by Sir Hugh Willoughby, Chancellour, Burrough Jenkinson, and after prosecuted by Pet and Jackman. Some of which perished in the Action, and were frozen to death; their ship being found the next year hemmed about with ice, and a particular Accompt of all things which had hapned to them. Others with better fortunes found the way to Russia (since that time made a common Voyage without dread or danger) and passing down the Volga to the Caspian Sea, and by that to Persia, were kindly entertained in the Court of the Sophie. The Hollanders in the year 1594 and in some years after, tried their Fortune also, under the conduct and direction of one William Barendson, their chief Pilot; but went no further then the English had gone before them; yet gave new names unto all places as they passed, as if they had been the first Dis∣coverers; with pride and arrogance enough. Nothing since done of any note or consideration for the opening of this North-east passage, or giving us any better Accompt of the North of Tartarie, or any Countries beyond that; but what we had many Ages since out of Paulus Venetus; so that we are but where we were, in a Terra Incognita. And though I would not willingly discourage any noble Actions, or brave and gallant undertakings: Yet when I look upon the natures of those Shores and Seas, those tedious VVinters of ten moneths with no Summer following; the winds continually in the North, and the Main Ocean paved with Ice so long together: I cannot choose but rank the hopes of these Nor∣thern Passages amongst those Adventures which are only commendable for the difficulties presented in them.

TERRA AVSTRALIS INCOGNITA.

WIth better hopes we may go forwards on the next Discovery, and try what may be done on TERRA AVSTRALIS, or the Southern Continent; though hitherto INCOGNITA also, almost as much unknown as the Arctick Ilands, which none but my good Frier of Oxon had the hap to meet with. A Continent conceived by our learned Brerewood, to be as large as Europe, Asia and Africk▪ and that upon such strength of Reasons, as cannot be easily over-born by any op∣posite. His Arguments in brief are these, 1. That as touching Latitude, some parts thereof come very neer to the Aequator, if they come not also on this side of it: and as for Longuitude, it keepeth along, though at several distances, the whole continual course of the other Continents. 2. It is clearly known, that in the other two Continents, the Land which lieth on the North side of that Line, is four times at the least as large as that which lies South thereof: and therefore since the earth is equally poized on both sides of her Center; it must needs be that the Earth in answerable measure and proportion must advance it self in some places above the Sea, on the South side of the Line, as it doth in others on the North. By consequence, what is wanting in the South parts of the other two Continents, to countervail the North parts of them, must of necessity be supplied in the Southern Continent.

The Country being so large, so free from the incumbrances of Frosts and Ice, and endless Winters; I have oft marvelled with my self that no further progress hath been made in Discovery of it: consi∣dering chiefly by the site and position of the Country, especially in those parts which lie nearest Asia, that there is nothing to be looked for elsewhere, either of profit or of pleasures, but may there be found. Whether it be, that there is some Nil ultra put to humane endeavours; or that this people are not yet made ripe enough to receive the Gospel; or that the great Princes of the Earth think it no good Policy to engage themselves in New Discoveries, till the Old be thorowly planted, and made sure unto them; or that the Merchant, who in matters of this nature hath a powerfull influence, thinks his hands full enough already; and being setled in so many and so wealthy Factories, will not adventure upon more. Which of all these, or whether all of these together be the cause of this stop, I am nor able to deter∣mine. Certain it is that here is a large field enough for Covetousness, Ambition, or Desire of glory to spend themselves in; enough to satisfie the greatest and most hungry appetite of Empire, Wealth, and Worldly pleasures; besides the Gallantry and merit of so brave an Action. Most which hath hitherto been done in it, hath been by the incouragements of the Vice Royes of New Spain, and Peru: by the first of which we came acquainted with the Coasts of Nova Guinea; by the Later, with those Countries called the Ilands of Solomon but whether Continent or Ilands, not yet fully known.

And yet we must not rob Magellanus of his part of the honour, who passing thorow the Streits, which now bear his name, discovered those parts of it which from the fire thence seen he called Terra del Furgo, found by the Hollanders of late under James le Maire to be an Iland. Nor do the English or the Dutch want their part herein, though what they did, was rather Accidental, then upon Design. For in the year 1593. Sir Richard Hawkins being bound for the Streits of Magellan, was by a cross winde driven on some part of this Continent, to which he gave the name of Hawkings his Mayden Land; A Promontory of it shooting into the Sea with three points he called Point Tremontein, and a pleasant Isle not far off, by the name of Fair Iland. Saying along these Coasts in the 50 Degree of Southern Latitude, for the space of 60 miles and upwards, he found the Country as he pass••d to be very pleasant; and by the fires which he saw in the night to be well inhabited. By the like accident, An. 1999. Sibald de Weert, a Hollander, in his return from the Streits of Magellan fell upon some Ilands of this Southern Continent, in the Latitude of 50 De∣grees and 40 Minutes, which he caused to be called Sibalds Ilands. And besides these we owe to the Portugals the discovery of such parts hereof, as they fell on in their way to the Eastern Indies; of which we have little but the names, as Psittacorum Terra, so called from the abundance of Parrats which they saw on the Coasts, over against the Cape of good Hope. 2 Beach, a Region yielding Gold, and possessed by Idolaters; with the two Kingdoms of 3 Lucach▪ and 4 Maletur; all three against the Isles of Java, from which little distant.

But the greatest light we have to see by into this dark business, is by the Voyages and Adventures of the Spaniards, employed by the two Vice-Royes of Peru, and Mexico, as before was said. For in the year 1543. the Governour of New-Spain then being, sent Villa Lobos with a Fleet towards the Mo∣luccos, who in that Voyage made a Discovery of a rich and flourishing Country which he named Nova Guinea, by others since his time called Terra de Piccinacoli; and in the year 1563, Castro the Licenti∣ate, then Vice-Roy of Peru, sent a Fleet from Lima, which under the conduct of Lopes Garcia de Castr••, discovered the Ilands of Solomon. To which if we subjoyn the success of the Hollanders in the Disco∣very of Fretum le Maire, and the Land, adjoyning: the best Description we can make of this Sou∣thern Continent, must be in the Chorography and History of their Adventures; viz. 1 Terra del Fogo, 2 Insulae Solomonis, 3 Nova Guinea: beginning first with Terra del Fogo, because neerest to us.

1. TERRA DEL FVEGO, l••es on the other side of the Streit of Magellane, heretofore thought to be a part of Terra Australis Incognita, or the Southern Continent, but is now discovered to be an Iland, by one Jacob Mayre of Amsterdam, accompanied by Cornelius Schouten of Horn, both Hollanders. They began their Voyage on the 15. of June. An. 1615 and on the 19. of January Following they fell even with the Streit of Magellan. On the 24. of the same Moneth they had the sight of another Streit,

which seemed to separate this Terra del ••uego from the rest of the Southern Continent; and on the 25. they 〈◊〉〈◊〉 into it. That part of the Land which (being entred into the Streit) they had on the West, they called Terra Mauritit de Nassaw; that on the East Statenland; the Streit it self, Fretum le Maire. The entrance into the Streit they ••ound to be in 55 degrees of Southern Latitude, and 50 Minutes, the Waters running into the North-Sea with so violent an Eddie, Vt adversum maris aestum difficulter supe∣rare 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ••aith he, who in the way of Journal or Ephemerides, hath described the whole course of this Voyage. In the whole course whereof nothing so much observable (besides this Discovery) as that they ••ound that at their coming home they had lost a day (as must needs happen unto such, as in so tedious a Voyage had travelled Westward) that being Saturday to them which was Sunday to the Hollan••••ers, and to the rest of Europe though they had calculated the days since their going out with all exactre•••• So that if there were any such Morality in the Sabbath, as some men pretend, these men must either keep their Sabbath on a d••fferent day from the rest of their Countrymen or otherwise to 〈◊〉〈◊〉 lie with them, must be guilty of the breach of the Sabbath all the rest of their lives. But of this 〈◊〉〈◊〉 at large el••ewhere. To return therefore to this Streit, it is said to be seven ••utch miles, or 28 of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 in length, and of a fair and equal breadth; plentifull of good fish; especially of Sea-Ca••••es, and Whales. About the inserting of which Streit into the third Edition of my Microcosm, I received a Letter at such time as the Parliament was held in Oxon, An. 1625. subscribed G. B. and a little 〈◊〉〈◊〉 that, Sub granda storidus: which whether it were the Gentlemans Motto, or the Anagram of his name, I am not able to say, having never heard more of him from that time forwards, though his 〈…〉〈…〉 in that next Edition of that Work. For my encouragement wherein he gave me this direction following. The News (saith he) of this New Streit coming into Spain, it pleased that King in the year 1618, to send and sear•••• whether the truth were answerable unto the Report. And finding it 〈◊〉〈◊〉 much broader then the other, and not above seven Dutch miles long: decreed, that being the more 〈◊〉〈◊〉 and compendious way for Navigators, and less subject to dangers; his Auxiliary Forces should be sent that way into the East Indies, to defend the Philippinae and Molucco Ilands, and the way by the Cape of good Hope to be left. In regard that every such voyage▪ requireth twice as much time: besides the variety of winds and often change of the Air, not only troublesom, but full of dis∣••••••es, consumeth the one half of the men before they return. Whereas ••••is way gaineth time (and if need be, they may dispatch business in the West as they travell into the East) without any extraordi∣nary danger or loss of men. So far the very words of my letter. The intelligence given me in this L••tter, I finde confirm'd in a Relation of the Voyage made by Captain. Don Iuan de More, Anno, 618, at the command and charge of the King of Spain, who presently arm'd and furnished eight tall Ships, to send this new way unto his Philippines and Moluccos, under the conduct of Petrus Michaeles de Cordoel••n. Since it hath been found by experience, that even from our parts to the Moluccos, through this ••retum de Mayre, is but a passage of eight moneths: Sine ulla insigni navigantium clade, saith the Narrator. But of this streit enough, to 〈…〉〈…〉 my unknown 〈◊〉〈◊〉-willers 〈◊〉〈◊〉, and enform my Rea∣de••: extreamly sorry that the Gentleman was 〈…〉〈…〉 to 〈◊〉〈◊〉 his name, that so his memory might have l••ved in these Papers, if they themselves bedest nate to a longer life.

Now for the nature of the s••il, it is said to be very full of Mountains; but those Hills apparelled with woods, interm••xt with Vall••es; the Vallies for the most part full of little Brooks which fall down from the Moun••••••ns, and afford good Pa••••urage; the Sea-coasts well provided of Bays and Roads, not unsafe for shipping: though the Air everywhere, but ch••fly neer the Sea, be much subject to Tem∣pests. As for the People, they are said to be of a white complexion; but their Face, Arms, and Thighs, coloured with a kinde of O••er: of full stature and well proportioned their hair black which they wear long to seem more terrible. The men most generally naked the women only shaded on their secret parts, with a pace of Leather.

Towns they have none, nor any Habitations which deserve the name of Houses; so that the most which we can do is to Coast the Iland. In which we finde towards Mare del Noort 1. A large Arm of the Sea, called Entrado de S. Sebastian. 2. The Cape of S. Ives 3▪ Mauritius land. 4. Promontorio de Buen Suscio. or the Cape of Good Success. Opposite where unto in another Iland is the Cape of S. 〈…〉〈…〉 and betwixt them the Streit called Fretum le Maire. Then in the New South Sea, as they call it, there are 5. Barnwelts Iland, 6. the Ilands of S. Ildesonso; 7. Cape Horn on a fair Pro∣montory, in the South west Ande: which doubled, the Countrie goes along with a strait shore, on which I finde some Bayes and Capes, but no names unto them; till we come to the VVestern entran∣ces of the Streits of Magellan, opposite unto Cape Victoria, so often mentioned.

2. INSVLAE SOLOMONIS, or the Ilands of Solomon, are situate on the VVest of Terra del Fogo, 11 degrees on the South of the Equinoctial. Discovered in the year 1567, by Lopes Garcia de Castro, sent by the Vice Roy of Peru to finde out new Countries. By whom thus named, in hope that men would be the rather induced to inhabit in them; imagining that Solomon had his Gold from these Lands of Ophir.

In number they are many, but 18. the principal: Some of which 300 miles in compass, others 200, and others of them less till we come to fifty, and beneath that, none. All liberally furnished with Dogs, Hogs, Hens, Cloves, Ginger, Cinnamon, and some veins of Gold. The chief of these eighteen, are, 1 Guadalcanal, supposed to be the greatest of them; upon the coast whereof the Spaniards sailed 150 Leagues, where they found a Town which they burned and sacked, because the People of it in a sud∣den surprize, had killed fourteen of their men. 2 S Isabella, 150 leagues in length, and eighteen in

breadth; the Inhabitants, some black, some white, some of brown complexion. 3 S. Nicolas 100 Leagues in compass, inhabited by a People which are black of hue, but said to be more witty then the other Salvages. All of them situate betwixt the Strests of Magellan, and the Ilands of Thieves; and yet not well agreed upon amongst our Authors, whether to be accompted Ilands, or a part of the Con∣tinent: The Spaniards having layled 700 Leagues on the Coasts hereof, and yet not able to attain unto any certainty. But being they pass generally in Acc••mpt for Ilands, and by that name are under the Vice Roy of Peru▪ who appoints their Governours, let them pass so still.

3. NOVA QVINEA lyeth beyond the Ilands of Solomon, in respect of us preceeding 〈◊〉〈◊〉 have begun from the Land of Fire. Discovered, as before was said An. 1543. by Vilia Lobu•• (Horrera attributes the discovery of it to Alvarez de Saavedra, and sets it higher in the year 1527.) more perfect∣ly made known, if I guess aright by Fernando de Quir. Who being sent with two Ships to make a more full discovery of the Ilands of Solomon, and taking his course about the height of the Magellan streits, discovered a main Land coming up close to the Aequinoctial, on the Coasts whereof he 〈◊〉〈◊〉 800 Leagues, till he found himself at last in the Latitude of 15 Degrees, discovering a large Bay into which fell two great Rivers, where he purposed to settle a Plantation, and to that end presented a Petition to the King of Spain. This Country I conceive by the site and position of it to be Nova Guinea, coming up close as that doth to the Aequinoctial; and after turning to the South towards the Tropick of Ca∣pricorn where it joyneth with Malatur. And taking it for granted, as I think I may, I shall afford the Reader this Description of it, out of his Memorials; in which it is soberiy affirmed to be a Terrestri∣al Paradise for wealth and pleasures. The Country plentifull of Fruits, Coco-nuts, Almonds of four sorts, Pom••citrens, Dates, Sugar canes, and Apples: plenty of Swine, Goats, H••ns, Part••iges, and other Fowl, with some Kine and Buffals. Nothing inferiour (as it seemeth) to Guinea in the Land of Negroes; and from thence so named. For, as he saith, he saw amongst them Silver, and Pearls, and some told him of Gold; the Countries on the Coast seeming to promise much felicity within the Land. The Ayr he found to be whole and temperate, the Sea shores to be full of Baies, Havens, and the Exits of Rivers, making shew as of another China. The Inhabitants he affirmeth to be innumerable, some white, some like the Mulatos, other-like the Negros; diversified in Habit, as well as Colour. Their 〈◊〉〈◊〉 made of three sorts of Roots: without Government, but not without Religion; for they had their seve∣ral Oratories and places of 〈◊〉〈◊〉, but neither King, nor Laws, nor Arts. Divided by that want, and in daily wars with one another; their Arms, Bows, Arrows, and other weapons, but all made of wood. Of this Country whatsoever it was (if not Nova Guinea) he took possession in the name of the Catho∣like King, and set up both a Cross, and a Chappel in it; the Chappel dedicated to the Lady of Loretto.

The precise time of this Discovery I have nowhere found but the time spent about it is by him affirmed to be 14 years. to the no small endamagement of his health and fortunes. Nor do I find that any care was taken of his Petition, or any thing else done by others in pu••••uance of his Propositions. Whether it were on any of the reasons before laid down; or that there was no credit given to his affirmations, I deter∣mine not. Not find I that he gave any names to the Baies or Promontories, as he passed along; but ei∣ther took such names as were given before, or found not any thing worth the naming. And for such names as were given before (still taking Ferdinando Quir's new Country for Nova Guinea) we find a Promontorie called Cape Hermoso, in the East parts hereof near the Ilands of Nolomon, and not far from the Aequator. 2 Another in the Western part, but as near the Aequinox, called Point Primiro. 3▪ A third in the first bendings of the Coast towards the South called Cape de Buena Deseada or the Cape of good de∣sires. 4 Rio de Valcanes. 5 Rio de Lorenzo. 6 Rio de S. Augustino, on the East or Cape Formoso towards the Streits. 7 The Rivers of S. Peter. 8. S. Paul. 9 S. Andrew. And 10 S. James, betwixt Cape For∣moso and Primiro.

But being there is little certain of these last discoveries, and the greatest certainty we have of that lit∣tle, is nothing but a List of names withou•• any thing observable in the state and story of the same, they may still retain the old name of Terra Incognita And therefore I will try my fortune, and without trou∣bling the Vice Royes of Peru, and Mexico, or taking out Commission for a new Discovery, will make a search into this Terra Australis for some other Regions, which must be found either here or nowhere. The names of which, 1 Mundus alter & 〈◊〉〈◊〉. 2 Vtopia. 3. New Atlantis. 4 Fairie Land 5 The Painters Wives Iland. 6 The Lands of Chivalrie. And 7 The New World in the Moon.

1. MVNDVS ALTERET IDEM, another world and yet the same, is a witty and ingenious invention of a learned Prelate▪ writ by him in his younger dayes (but well enough becoming the austerity of the gravest head) in which he distingu••sheth the Vices, Passions, Humours, and ill Affe∣ctions most commonly incident to mankind, into several Provinces; gives us the Character of each, as in the descriptions of a Country, People, and chief Cities of it: and sets them forth unto the eye in such lively colours, that the vitious man may see there in his own Deformities, and the well-minded man his own imperfections. The Scene of this design laid by the Reverena Author, in this Terra Australis; the Decorum happily preserved in the whole Discovery; the style acutely clear, the invention singular. Of whom and his New World I shall give you that Eulogie which the Historian doth of Homer, Nec ante illum quem ille im••taretur, ne{que} post illum qui eum imitari posset, inventus est.

2. VTOPIA is a Country first discovered by Si•• Thomas More, after Lord Chancellour of Eng∣land; and by him made the Scene of a Commonwealth, which neither Solon nor Lycurgus, nor any of the Legislators of former times did ever dream of; nor had been fancied by Plato, Aristotle, Tullie, or any who have written the Idaeas of a form of Government, though not reducible to practise. Some of his Plots we have took notice of already, as viz. his device to bring Gold and Silver into contempt by

making of those metals, Chains and Fetters for their Malefactors, Pans of Close-stools, Chamber-pots, and Vessels of such unclean use; by imposing it as a penalty on infamous persons, to wear Gold Rings upon their Fingers, and the like devices: as also his device to prevent mistakes and dislikes in mariages, by giving the parties a full view of each other, naked. Many more projects of this nature, some of them possible enough, but so unpracticable, so beyond hope of being looked on in the modelling of a Common∣wealth, that we may reckon his device amongst those strange fancies, quae nunquam antea spe concepta, ne dum opere tentata erant. The man indeed (considering the times he lived in) of rare abilities; but his Vtopia 〈◊〉〈◊〉 only to the Meridian of this Southern Continent, this Terra Australis Incognita, in which now we are and to no place else.

3. NEW ATLANTIS is an Iland of this Southern Continent, discovered by Sir Francis Ba∣con, the learned Viscount of S. Albans; one of Sir Thomas Mores successors in the place of Lord Chancellour, but far before him in the Excellency and feasibility of his invention. It had this name with reference to Atlantis▪ an Iland of the Western or Atlantick Ocean, mentioned in the Works of Plato; both al••ke invisible. But for his falling on this Iland his description of it, the City of Ben. Salem and the manner of his reception there, such handsome probabilities, and so fairly carryed, that to one not ac∣quainted with the State of the World, it would seem a Reality. But above all things, the inventions and designs of Solomons House, for perfecting the works of nature, or rather improving nature to the best advantages of life, and the benefit of mankind are beyond comparison. The man, I must confess had his personal errours (I know none without them) of good and bad qualities equally compounded, Mores ejus vigore & levitate mixtissimi, as Paterculus once said of Piso: not one amongst many thousands (to pursue that Character) qui aut otium validius diligat, out facilius sufficiat negotio. A man of a most strong Brain, and a Chymical Head. Who if he had been entertained with some liberal Salarie, ab∣stracted from all Affairs both of State and Judicature, and furnished with sufficiency both of means and helps, for the going on in his design, would, I am confident, have given us such a body of natural Phi∣losophie, and made it so sub••ervient to the publike good, that neither Aristotle or Theophrastus amongst the A••••••ents▪ nor Paracelsus or the rest of our later Chymists, would have been considerable.

4. FAERIE LAND, is another part of this Terra Incognita; the habitation of the Faeries, a pretty kind of little fiends, or Pigmey devils, but more inclined to sport them mischief; of which old Women, who remember the times of Popery, tell us many fine stories. A cleanlyer and more innocent cheat was never put upon poor ignorant people, by the Monks and Friers. Their habitation here or no where; though sent occasionally by Oberon and their other Kings, to our parts of the World For not being reckoned amongst the good Angels, nor having malice enough to make them Devils (but such a kind of mid••ng Sprites, as the Latines call Lemures Larvae) we must find out some place for them nei∣ther Heaven or Hell and most likely this. Their Country never more enobled, then by being made the Scene of that excellent Poem. called the Facrie Queen. Intended to the honour of Queen Elizabeth, and the greatest persons in her Court: but shadowed in such lively colours, framed so exactly by the Rules of Poesie, and representing such Idaeas of all moral goodness; that as there never was a Poem more Arti••cial: so can no Ethical discourse, more fashion and inflame the mind to the love of vertue. Invi∣surum facilius aliquem quam imitaturum shall be Spencers Motto; and so I leave him to his rest.

5. The PAINTERS WIVES ILAND, is an Iland of this Tract mentioned by Sir Walter Raleigh, in his History of the World. Of which he was informed by Don Pedro de Sarmiento, a Spanish Gentle∣man, imployed by his King in planting some Colonies on the Streits of Magellan (which we have touch∣ed upon before) Who being taken Prisoner by Sir Walter in his going home, was asked of him about some Iland which the Maps presented in those Streits, and might have been of great use to him in his undertaking. To which he merrily replied, that it was to be called the Painters Wives Iland, saying, that whilest the Painter drew that Map. his wife sitting by, desired him to put in one Countrey for her, that she in her imaginations might have an Iland of her own. His meaning was, that there was no such Iland as the Maps presented. And I fear the Painters wife hath many Ilands and some Countries too upon the Continent, in our common Maps, which are not really to be found on the strict∣est search.

6. THE LANDS OF CHIVALRIE are such Ilands, Provinces, and Kingdoms in the Books of Errantry, which have no being in any known part of the World and therefore must be sought in this. A gross absurdity but frequent in those kind of Writers, who in describing the Adventures of their Knights, in despight of Geographie (with which indeed they had no acquaintance) have not only disjoyned Countries which are neer together, and laid together Countries which are far remote; but given us the description of many Ilands, Provinces, and mighty Kingdoms, which as the ingenious Author of the History of Don Quixot, merrily observeth, are not to be found in all the Map. Of this sort is the Isle of Adamants in Sir Huon of Burdeaux; the Fayery-Iland in the History of Amadis de Gaul; the hidden Iland and that of the Sage Aliart in S. Palmerin of England; the Ilands of Lindaraza, and the Divelish Fauno, with the Kingdom of Lyra (of which the Amazonian Lady Archisipoza was the right∣full Queen) and many others of that kinde in the Mirrour of Knighthood; and divers of like nature in Palmerin de Oliva, Primaleon, and Belianis of Greece. Parismus, the Romance of Romances, and in∣deed who not of all that Rabble? Handsomly humoured by Michael de Cervantes in his Iland of Ba∣rutaria. of which the famous Sancho Panca was sometimes Governour, and the Kingdom of Micomico∣na. And yet I cannot but confess (for I have been a great Student in these Books of Chivalrie) that they may be of very good use to Children or young Boys in their Adolescency. For besides that they divert the minde from worse cogitations, they perfect him that takes pleasure in them in the way of

reading, beget in him an habit of speaking, and animate him many times to such high conceptions as really may make him fit for great undertakings.

7. THE NEW WORLD IN THE MOON, was first of Lucians discovering; a man of eminent parts, but as ill a Conscience, Apostatizing from the faith in which he was b••ed. Aristophanes had before told us in one of his Comedies of a Nephelococcygia, or a City of Cuckoes in the Clouds. But Lucian was the first who found out this New World in the Moon: of which and of the Inhabitants of it, he affordeth us in one of his Dialogues a conceited Character. But of late times, that World which he there fancied, and proposed but as a fancie onely, is become a matter of a more serious debate: and some have laboured with great pains to make it probable, that there is another World in the Moon, inhabited as this is by persons of divers Languages, Customs, P••lities, and Religions. and more then so, some means and wayes proposed to consideration for maintaining an intercourse and commerce betwixt that and this. But being there are like endeavours to prove that the Earth may be a Planet, why may not this Southern Continent be that Planet, and more particularly that Moon, in which this other World is supposed to be? Certainly there are stronger hopes of finding a New World in this Terra Australis, then in the Body of that Planet; and such perhaps as might exceed both in profit and pleasure the later discoveries of America.

But I am no discourager of industrie and ingenuitie, which I love and honour wheresoever I find it. I know great Truths have many times been startled upon less presumptions. Nor would I be mistook, as if in my pursuit of this Terra Incognita, I put scorn on any of sublimer thoughts; or that I would have any man so much in love with the present World, as not to look for another World in the Heaven above. It is reported that in some controversie betwixt the Polander and the Duke of Moscovie, the King of Poland sent the Moscovite a curious Globe, representing the whole Heavenly Bodies, with the particular motion of each several Sphere: To which the Muscovite returned this unworthy Answer, Tu mihi Coelum mittis, Redde mihi Terras de quibus contendimus; You send me Heaven, faith he, but that will not satisfie, unless you give me back those Lands which are now in question. And much I fear there are too many of this mind, who would not lose their part on Earth for all Heaven it self. Whom I desire if any such peruse these Papers, to consider, That as much as the most flourishing Country which is here described, doth fall short of that Paradise wherein God placed our father Adam; so much and infinitely more did that Earthly Paradise fall short of the unspeakable glories of the ••ingdom of Heaven. To the diligent and careful search of which Heavenly Kingdom I heartily commit the Reader: not doubt∣ing but the Works of GOD which are here presented, and that viciss••ude of Humane affairs which is herein touched at, may prompt him to some serious thoughts of that mighty GOD who made all these Works, in whom is no shew nor shadow of change. To whom be given all Glory, both in this World, and that to come.

Quicquid enim Lurae gremio complectitur Orbis, Permutat variátque vices, trepidóque tumultu Aestuat & nunquam sentit pars una quietem. Nam ruit in sese, & civili vulnere semper Aut cadit, aut perimit; alióque renascitur ore, Rursus ut intereat; sic non est omnibus unum Partibus ingenium, non vis nativa. Sed Orbes Astri••eri, & nitidi sublimis Regia Coeli Immunis senii, & vultu immutabilis uno Perpetuum servat solida & sincera tenorem.

The Verses are G. Buchanans, in his Book De Spharea. Which I thus translate, and therewithall conclude this Work.

The World beneath the Moon, its shapes doth varie, And change from this to that; nor can it tarie Long in one state: but with it self doth jar, Kils, and is kil••'d, in endless Civil war. New-form'd again, 'tis but to die. The frame Neither of Bodies nor of Mindes the same. But That above the Spheres, the Heavens on high In which GOD reigns in glorious Majesty; Free from old Age, unchang'd, and of one face, Always presents it self in equal Grace.

Non nobis, Domine, non nobis, sed Nomini tuo detur Gloria.

FINIS.