The royal commentaries of Peru, in two parts the first part, treating of the original of their Incas or kings, of their idolatry, of their laws and government both in peace and war, of the reigns and conquests of the Incas, with many other particulars relating to their empire and policies before such time as the Spaniards invaded their countries : the second part, describing the manner by which that new world was conquered by the Spaniards : also the civil wars between the Piçarrists and the Almagrians, occasioned by quarrels arising about the division of that land, of the rise and fall of rebels, and other particulars contained in that history : illustrated with sculptures / written originally in Spanish by the Inca Garcilasso de la Vega ; and rendered into English by Sir Paul Rycaut, Kt.

About this Item

Title
The royal commentaries of Peru, in two parts the first part, treating of the original of their Incas or kings, of their idolatry, of their laws and government both in peace and war, of the reigns and conquests of the Incas, with many other particulars relating to their empire and policies before such time as the Spaniards invaded their countries : the second part, describing the manner by which that new world was conquered by the Spaniards : also the civil wars between the Piçarrists and the Almagrians, occasioned by quarrels arising about the division of that land, of the rise and fall of rebels, and other particulars contained in that history : illustrated with sculptures / written originally in Spanish by the Inca Garcilasso de la Vega ; and rendered into English by Sir Paul Rycaut, Kt.
Author
Vega, Garcilaso de la, 1539-1616.
Publication
London :: Printed by Miles Flesher, for Samuel Heyrick ...,
1688.
Rights/Permissions

To the extent possible under law, the Text Creation Partnership has waived all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above, according to the terms of the CC0 1.0 Public Domain Dedication (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/). This waiver does not extend to any page images or other supplementary files associated with this work, which may be protected by copyright or other license restrictions. Please go to http://www.textcreationpartnership.org/ for more information.

Subject terms
Incas -- Early works to 1800.
Indians of South America -- Peru.
Peru -- History -- To 1820.
Cite this Item
"The royal commentaries of Peru, in two parts the first part, treating of the original of their Incas or kings, of their idolatry, of their laws and government both in peace and war, of the reigns and conquests of the Incas, with many other particulars relating to their empire and policies before such time as the Spaniards invaded their countries : the second part, describing the manner by which that new world was conquered by the Spaniards : also the civil wars between the Piçarrists and the Almagrians, occasioned by quarrels arising about the division of that land, of the rise and fall of rebels, and other particulars contained in that history : illustrated with sculptures / written originally in Spanish by the Inca Garcilasso de la Vega ; and rendered into English by Sir Paul Rycaut, Kt." In the digital collection Early English Books Online. https://name.umdl.umich.edu/A42257.0001.001. University of Michigan Library Digital Collections. Accessed May 5, 2024.

Pages

CHAP. XII.

Of the leud Practices and Follies of the Contreras, whereby they lost all the Treasure they had gained, together with their Lives. The diligence and good management which their Enemies used to bring them to condign Punishment.

BUT the good fortune of Licençiado Gasca, which had accompanied him in all the successes before related, and in the recovery of an Empire as great as Peru, would not now leave him exposed to the Attempts of a leud and villanous sort of People; for Providence still continuing her protection and favour to him; suffe∣red these wicked Wretches to be ensnared with their own Pride and Ignorance; and those very men who had followed Francisco de Carvajal, and had known and learned his Discipline and Art in War, were so clouded in their understandings and reasons, that they rashly precipitated themselves into death and destruction. For in the first place, after they had taken Panama, and sacked and plundered the City, they seized upon many of the principal men thereof, amongst which were the Bishop and Treasurer to his Majesty, as also Martin Ruyz de Marchena, and the Sheriffs of the City, and carried them away with intent to hang them upon the common Gallows, which they had certainly done to the full satisfaction of John de Bermejo, had not Hernando Contreras given a stop to the execution, with which Bermejo, being greatly enraged, told him plainly, that since he was pleased to ap∣pear in favour of his Enemies, to the high discouragement of his friends; it would be no wonder if his Enemies another day took their turn and hanged up him and all his Associates.

These words were a clear prediction of what happened in a short time after∣wards. For Hernando de Contreras took no other security from the Citizens for their quiet behaviour towards him than their bare Oath, swearing that they would be as true and faithfull to him, as if all the actions he had committed had tended to the service of God and of the King, and to the benefit and advantage of the Citizens. After which vain piece of confidence and folly, they divided their Forces, which in all consisted of no more than two hundred and fifty men, into four Squadrons; forty of which were remaining with Pedro de Contreras, to

Page 874

guard the four Vessels which they brought with them, and the other four they had taken in Port: Salguero, as we have said, was sent with thirty men to the River of Chagre to take possession of the Silver which was robbed there: Hernando de Conireras himself marched with forty Souldiers more by way of Capira to seise the President and sack Nombre de Dios; both which exploits he thought very easie to be done by a surprise; and John de Bermejo with an hundred and fifty men staid at Panama to keep and defend that City. And besides these pieces of foolish ma∣nagement and miscarriages, they were so inconsiderate as to entrust the merchan∣dise which they had robbed in the hands of the Proprietors themselves, and to other persons of reputation and note on security onely of Bonds under their hand∣writing to yield them up to Hernando de Contreras, when he should return from Nombre de Dios; and so far were they transported with vain confidence, that they looked upon themselves as Masters of all the new world. And accordingly they gave out their Warrants to take up all Horses and Mules that could be found, and to mount their Souldiers thereon, and to go to the relief and assistence of Hernando de Contreras if occasion should be. And with this Equipage Bermejo departed the City, leaving it to it self, and with as much assurance of faithfulness as if it had been his own House: whereas on the contrary, had they embarked all the Gold and Silver they had robbed upon their Ships, together with the Jewels, Merchan∣dise and other Booty, and had gone away themselves therewith, they had totally destroyed and ruined the President and all his Adherents. But they neither de∣serving so much good, nor the President so much evil, the wheel of fortune tur∣ned, as we shall see by the sequel.

For so soon as it was day, those who had escaped out by night, whilst they were plundring the City, one of which was Arias de Azevedo, (of whom the Hi∣story makes mention) dispatched away a Servant of his to Nombre de Dios, to give intelligence to the President Gasca of all that the Rebels had done at Panama: and though as yet the advice was imperfect, yet it served to alarm the President in such manner as that neither he nor his People were totally unprovided. On the other side, the Inhabitants of the City, whom John de Bermejo left with so much confidence, and reposed that Trust in as to commit a great part of his spoil to their care and custody; no sooner was his back turned than they assembled together, rang out the Bells of the Town, and fell to fortifying the City on the side towards the Sea, and to secure the passage on the way of Capira, in case the enemy should attack them on either side: At the sound of the Bells all the neighbouring Inha∣bitants came in with their Arms, being attended with their Negroes, that in a short time between White men and Tawny they made up a force of above five hundred men, all resolute to die in defence of the City. Two of the Souldiers belonging to John de Bermejo, who for want of Horses were left behind, hearing the noise and confusion amongst the people, fled away to give advice to their Commander how the City was in rebellion, and again returned to the obedience of his Majesty: Of which John de Bermejo sent immediate advice to Hernando de Contreras, giving him to understand that he was going to Panama, to cut those Traitours in pieces who had falsly violated their Oath and Faith to them: and so he returned thither with confidence of becoming Master of it with as much ease as formerly; but things happened out quite contrary to his expectation, for the Ci∣tizens, to prevent the burning of their City (which was all built of Timber) came forth to encounter him in the way, and met John de Bermejo fortified on the side of an Hill, where they attacked him with great courage; for being angry and ashamed of the late disgracefull usage, they fought with the more bravery: at the first assault it was not known which party had gained the advantage, but at the second, the Citizens fighting like desperate men, and full of revenge, over∣whelmed their enemies with their numbers of White and Black men; amongst which Bermejo and Salguero were both killed with about eighty more; as many more were taken, and carried away to the City; where being put all to∣gether in an open yard, the chief Bailiff of the Town (whose name we shall not mention) came in amongst them with two Negro Servants, and with Daggers stabbed them to death, whilst with loud out-cries they desired time for Confes∣sion. Palentino saith that, dying without Confession, they were buried on the Sea-shore. The news of this misfortune was soon brought to the hearing of Her∣nando de Contreras, who upon the advice formerly given by Bermejo, was upon his march back to Panama; and considering himself now as a lost man and ruined,

Page 875

he dismist his Souldiers, advising every man to shift for himself, and told them that their best way would be to make towards the Sea; where his Brother Pedro de Contreras would receive them a-board a Ship, and that he himself intended to take that way, and so they dispersed, every man shifting for himself: some few days after which, the King's Party going in pursuit of them over Mountains, Boggs and wet places, they found the Body of Hernando de Contreras drowned in a Morass; the Head they cut off and carried it to Panama, and though it was very much disfigured, yet he was known by his Hat, being of a singular fashion, and by a Chain of Gold which he usually wore about his Neck. His Brother Pedro de Contreras, hearing this sad fate, with the destruction and ruine of John de Bermejo and all his Companions, attempted to make his escape by Sea; but the Winds and Waters, and all the Elements conspired against him to hinder his Ships from going out of Port; wherefore he endeavoured to make his escape in little Boats, not knowing where to go or fly, in regard all the World was become his Enemy. But the Inhabitants of the City armed out other Boats in chace of him, with which they recovered their own, and took also the Enemy's Ships: Another Par∣ty appointed to follow those over the Mountains, who had taken their way by Land, took some of those belonging to Hernando: but as to Pedro de Contreras, no man knew what became of him; though it was generally believed, that he was killed by the Indians, or devoured by Tygers or other wild Beasts, of which there are great numbers in that Countrey; for they never received news of him after∣wards.

This was the end and issue of that wicked design; of which no better success could be expected, having commenced with the Murther of a Bishop; and though some men would excuse this fact by laying a blame on the Bishop for his immode∣rate language, whereby they were provoked to the performance of this outrageous Act; yet certainly nothing can be alledged in excuse of this heinous and abomi∣nable Murther. But at length they paid for all, as before related.

Do you have questions about this content? Need to report a problem? Please contact us.