Musæum regalis societatis, or, A catalogue and description of the natural and artificial rarities belonging to the Royal Society and preserved at Gresham Colledge made by Nehemiah Grew ; whereunto is subjoyned The comparative anatomy of stomachs and guts by the same author.

PART IV. Of Artificial Matters.

SECT. I. Of Things relating to CHYMISTRY, and to other Parts of NATURAL PHILOSOPHY.

ALL Arts are referred either barely to the Observation, Or also to the Command and Management of their Object, for the Use of Man. But I must speak of those Particulars here preserv'd, in that Order, as they will bear: and so shall reduce them to four General Heads, sc. such as relate to Chymistry and other parts of Natural Phi∣losophy; To the Mathematicks, Mechanicks, and Anti∣quity.

The Phlegme, Oil, Spirit, Volatile, and fixed Salts, both of the Serous, and Grumous Parts of HUMANE BLOOD. Together with the Oil, Volatile, and fixed Salts, of that of an OX. Prepared, and given by Dr. Walter Needham. By whom also was read a Discourse before the Royal Society, in which, as I take it, the proportions between the said parts, with divers other Remarques were deliver'd. But I meet with no Register hereof. The different Proportions of the said parts, as they are observable in the several Viscera, I may have occasion else where to represent. I shall now only note, That the fixed Salts of Blood above mention'd, are three of them Grey, and all but weak. The fourth, viz. that of the serous part of an Oxes, although calcined to whiteness; yet is not so strong, as That of most Vege∣tables.

The OIL of TOBACCO distilled per descensum. The notable effect hereof upon a Cat, was try'd some years since before the Royal Society. One or two Drops of it be∣ing

put upon her Tongue, she fell immediately into horrid Convulsions, and dy'd within the space of one minute of an hour. This very Oil I have several times prescribed to my own Father (who takes Tobacco) in Lint to be held betwixt his Teeth, against the Toothach, with a good effect, and no ill one. But I, who take none, having once us'd it, my self in the same manner, although I swallow'd not so much as any of my spittle, yet it made me extremely sick, and vomit once or twice.

The Stillatitious OIL of LAWANG BARQUE. Sent from Java major by Sir Phil. Vernatti. It partaketh much of the colour, smell, and tast of That of Sassafras; but is much more fragrant. The Oil of Sassafras is distill'd only from the Wood. But if one were distill'd from the Barque, it might equal This.

An Oil distill'd per Alembicum, from the ROOTS of the CINAMON-TREE resembling Camphire. From the same Hand and Place. The Roots being only bruised, and steeped in Water, are then distill'd. The Tree is about the bigness of the Olive. Described by Linschot. a Grows in Cavit and Subanin, but the best and most in the Island Sey∣lon; there in whole Woods.

The LIQUID OIL of MACE, by expression. 'Tis made of fresh Mace. Hath some few curdled parts, as some∣times in that of Olives: but the most part of it is liquid without heat, which the best expressed Oil of Mace in the Shops, is not. Almost of the colour of a Tincture of Saffron, and very fragrant. Confirming what Linschot saith, sc. That the original colour of Mace, is Scarlet.

The FIXED SALTS of Carduus bened. Garden and Sea Scurvy-Grass, Ash and Oak Barques, Rosemary, Mint, Mugwort, Agrimony, Wormwood, Sorrel, Mallows, Liquorish, Anise-Seeds, Sena, Jalap. By Me prepared and given. To∣gether with a Discourse read before the Royal Society con∣cerning the same, which I purpose to publish ere long. I shall here only Note, that although Many think and affirm, That all the Fixed Salts of Vegetables are alike: yet by These, duly managed, it doth appear, That there is a great diffe∣rence, both as to strength, and otherwise, between divers of them, even when they have been equally calcin'd. So far, that the promiscuous use of some of them, in Physick, is

unsafe: as, for instance, of Tartar and Wormwood; half a Scruple of the former, being as strong as one whole Scruple of the latter. Of the Fixed Salt of Vegetables, see a Discourse in the Phil. Transact. N. 107, & 108. Of the Volatile Salt, N. 101. a

An East-Indian Composition (as it seems of Vegetables) called CATO. Very astringent, and infus'd in water makes it yellow. Us'd by the Indians against the Inflammations of the Mouth or Throat.

SAL AMMONIAC sublim'd in a Sugar-Mould from Beds of the same taken from a Coal-Mine near New-Castle upon Tyne; of which, see the foregoing part of this Cata∣logue. Prepar'd and given by Dr. Luke Hodgson.

SPIRIT of Sal Ammoniac distill'd from the said Salt mixed with Quick-Lime. By the same Hand.

The Parts of the Medical WATERS of SCARBROUGH. Prepared and given by Dr. Witty: together with an account of them. But this I find not. The Preparations are these, The Phlegm, and Acid Spirit, not strong. The Sedement upon evaporation, of an ash-colour, a bitterish and nitrous Tast. The Precipitate, upon the mixture of Gall-powder; black, and of little Tast. One or two Grains will precipitate ʒj out of a Gallon of the Water. The Ni∣trous or Essential Salt, as I take it, before the Precipitation be made. The like Salt, after the Precipitation is made. These Salts have also somewhat of a Nitrous Tast, but mixed with a smatch of a Vitriolick: And the latter, I take notice, is figur'd into long square Crystals, or little square Bars. The Black Precipitate calcin'd. The Lixivial Salts, made, as I take them, from the Precipitate, and from the simple Sediment or Extract both before and after Pre∣cipitation made: somewhat like to that of Vitriol.

What ever Ingredients, as Niter, Vitriol, or other known Salts, may go to constitute these abovesaid; I am of Opi∣nion, That the predominant is some Metallick Principle different from them all.

A Solid HERMETICK PHOSPHORUS; a mixed Mat∣ter, which being exposed for about half a minute of an hour to the Sun, or only to Day-light, or to a bright Fire or Candle; will shine in the dark for some minutes. Made by Dr. Fr. Slare, and by him given to the Royal Society,

Apr. 3. 1679. The first of this kind was made by Mon∣sieur Baldwin, a German Lawyer who gave it the Name above, but with no direction for the making of it. Nor doth he so much as mention the Materials.

I call it Solid, to distinguish it from two Liquid kinds. The Author of one, supposed to be Mr. Dan. Krafft. The other invented by the Honourable Mr. Boyle; which He calls the Aerial Noctiluca; and whereof He hath lately published an excellent Discourse. In whose Laboratory, the solid kind was also made by his direction, several ways.

Of the Process for This here, Dr. Slare some years since received a hint from Dr. Christian Connerding, Archiater to the Duke of Zell. And not hearing of any one, amongst many that have try'd, besides these Three, to have suc∣ceeded in the making of it, he hath imparted the following Account.

Take good firm Chalk, ignite it in a Crucible, and then powder it. Put into a pint or half a pint of strong Spirit of Nitre, Cochleatim, as much hereof, as will serve well to sati∣ate it, i. e. till it becomes sweetish, and makes no Effervescence upon the injection of the Chalk. Then dilute this Liquor with fair Water, filtre it through a Paper, and so evaporate it in a large Glass, or glazed Vessel, or good Hassian Crucible to a dry Salt. The preparation whereof may be perform'd in four hours: whereas I have seen a Pocess, that would take as many Weeks to follow it.

The main business lies in the good Enchiresis; about which these several Directions must be carefully ob∣serv'd.

First you must prepare a Vessel of Clay, somewhat like a shallow Coffee-Dish, of three, four, or five inches in Dia∣metre, and an inch in depth, very well baked and neal'd. Then place it under a Muffle, after the manner of a Refining Furnace, in the place where the Cuppels usually stand: and so make it red hot. Then put the prepared Salt into it, by little and little, not above ʒj ss. or ʒij at a time. Keep the fire to that degree, which will suffice to make the Salt boil in the Dish, so as to spread it self every way, and creep up the sides of it. Before the Salt, last put in, be consumed, be sure always to be ready, to make a new addition, otherwise your labour so far is lost, and you must begin again.

When five or six Drachms are fum'd away, take the Dish nimbly out of the fire, so soon as the Salt last put in is dry. If you have wrought well, what remains in the Dish will be yellowish in some parts, and every yellow part will shine. Secure this Matter from the Air by fitting and cementing a Glass to it: otherwise it will loose its property in one Week.

As to the Cause of this strange Phaenomenon, Dr. Slare continues to this effect. I shall in short offer my Thoughts, and refer them to your Judgment. Two Questions may arise: What it is in this Mixture that yields the light? and, How it doth it? As to the first, I take it to be the pure fiery part of the Spirit of Nitre embraced by the Chalk. For that the rest is weak and phlegmatick; as appears, if it be distill'd. Also, that about the end of the Operation, a black Fume begins to rise and fly away. That if by continuing the Dish too long in the fire, you drive all the Nitrous parts away, the Chalk which stays behind will not be luminous. Or if the Matter duly prepar'd, be exposed to the Air, and thereby prey'd upon, the same effect will follow.

As to the Second, I suppose, That it shines not by Imbi∣bition of Light, but by Impression from it, from whence proceeds a motion therein productive of Light. Which we may the rather be induced to believe, In that if it be put into an Iron Cover, and then an Iron Box, and a good heat given to it, it will shine so vigorously as to seem to kindle the Air about it. That two Men by following their blow close, will make a Bar of Iron glow, or shine in the dark. And although the Impulse of Light may seem small; yet upon Bodies nearly related to it, as This seems to be, it appears to be great. As in those odd effects it sometimes hath upon Infants unus'd to it; and People that have sore Eyes; or have been newly Couch'd; as it happen'd to Dr. Castle sometime since, who by making bold with his Eyes too early, (i. e. by a too frequent admission of light to them,) after that Operation, did thereupon suffer such extreme pains, and mischief in his Eyes, that he now dispairs of ever seeing more.

Mr. Haac a saith he, hath frequently repeated the following Experiment upon this Phosphorus. If it be ex∣posed to the Morning Light a little before Sun rising, it

presents a bright Rosy hugh. As the Sun approaches the Meridian, it advances to a higher and more firey Com∣plexion, like that of a red hot Iron. A little after Sun-set, declines to a pale wan colour, like Chalk, or rather Mother of Pearl.

Expos'd, saith he, to the light of a Candle, or flaming Fagot, it receives a pale Luminous colour, as from the Sun towards setting. But being expos'd for a considerable time to the most clear Moonshine that I have seen in Lon∣don, I could not perceive it to become Luminous in the least.

It hath been kept, saith he, in the Vacuum of my Great and Noble Patron, the Honourable Mr. Boyle called Vacu∣um Boyleanum, and by his Highness Prince Rupert and Him∣self observ'd, for above four or five months, without any diminution of its shining property.

He adds, That he hath lately found a way to affix this Shining Matter to Glass, whereby some not unpleasing Experiments may be made. Thus far Dr. Slare.

As to his Ingenious Conjectures of the Subject and Cause of Light in this Phosphorus: because he hath desired my Opinion, I shall therefore subjoyn it in a few lines.

As to the first, What it is which gives the Light: It seems hard to say, Whether it be the Cretaceous Salt, the Nitrous Salt, or some Igneous Particles incorporated with them in the Operation? It is plain, That one way or other, they do all concur to produce it.

As to the Question, How these Particles give light? It should first be stated, What Light is; Whether it be a Body? Which, though much disputed, yet in strict speak∣ing, is an absurd Question; all one, as to ask, Whether a Quality, be a Body? But the meaning of the Question is, or ought to be, Whether there be any Body in Nature, which is the peculiar subject of Light, or metonymically may be called Light? Or whether more Bodies than one, may successively be the immediate subject thereof? If so, Whether it be any other Adjunct besides Motion? If only Motion, Whether as there is one peculiar Motion, at least for a Musical sound, so another for Light? And in regard there are some Experiments which seem to favour each of these Questions: such an Answer should be given as will

correspond with all those experiments; and will be too long to suit with this Catalogue.

I shall here only say, I am inclined to believe, That, in this Case, all the three Bodies above mention'd serve toge∣ther to compose an Apt Recipient of that which is the true Luminous Body. That, as in the mixture of Sulphur and Water, sulphurious Salts, of affinity with both, are used as a medium: so here, the Cretaceous Parts serve to fix the Nitrous; and the Nitrous, to fix the Igneous; being of a middle nature and readily incorporated with them both. And being in this union exposed to the Sun Beams, or other Light, the Igneous parts serve, for some time, to re∣tain a certain portion of such as are Luminous, or to give, as I may say, a degree of Fixation to These also: and that therefore this Mixture is kindled or made to shine, by puting it into the Light, as a stick is made to burn, by puting it into the fire.

Of shining Flesh, see a Relation of some Remarkable Circumstances, made by Dr. J. Beal, and published in the Phil. Trans. a

Of Instruments relating to Natural Philosophy.

AN AIRE-PUMP; or an Engine to exhaust the Air out of any Vessel fitly applied. Contrived and described b by the Honourable Rob. Boyle Esq. Who hath also made therewith, and published in several Tracts, a great variety of accurate and instructive Experiments.

A Great CONDENSING ENGINE of Brass; con∣trived to ram and crowd a great quantity of Air into a little room. Whereto is also fitted an Iron Gun or Barrel.

A Little CONDENSING ENGINE of Glass, with a Brass-Neck, Rammer and Valve fitted to it.

A WEATHER CLOCK. Begun by Sir Chr. Wren, c now President of the Royal Society. To which other Motions have since been added, by Mr. Robert Hook Professor of Geometry in Gresham-Colledge. Who purposes to publish a Description hereof. I shall therefore only take

notice, That it hath six or seven Motions; which he sup∣poseth to be here advantagiously made altogether. First a Pendulum Clock, which goes with ¼ of a 100 lib. weight, and moves the greatest part of the work. With this, a Barometre, a Thermometre; a Rain-Measure, such an one as is next describ'd; a Weather-Cock, to which subserves a piece of Wheel-Work analogous to a way Wiser; and a Hygroscope. Each of which have their Regester, and the Weather-Cock hath Two; one for the Points, the other for the Strength of the Wind. All working upon a Paper fall∣ing off of a Rowler which the Clock also turns.

An Instrument for MEASURING the quantity of RAINS that fall in any space of time, on any piece of Ground, as suppose upon one Acre in one year. Con∣trived by Sir Christopher Wren. In order to the Theory of Vapours, Rivers, Seas, &c. A triangular Tin-Vessel hang∣ing in a Frame, as a Bell, with one Angle lowermost. From whence one side rises up perpendicular, the other sloaped; whereby the water, as it fills, spreads only on one side from the centre, till at length it fills and empties it self. Which being done, a leaden poise, on the other side, immediately pulls it back to fill again.

The Model of an Iron Instrument to fetch Earth, or other Bodies, from the bottom of the Sea; made with se∣veral Valves and Springs to open and shut it for that pur∣pose. Contriv'd by Mr. Hook.

A LAMP-FURNACE. By the same Person. Towards the bottom is a partition with a hole in the middle; below which, stands a Vessel of Oil with a Wick, and a Cork to float it, so as to stand within the said hole. Over this is placed a Pan, viz. with the bottom about two inches di∣stant from the partition. Within which, is fine Sand. Design'd for the hatching of Eggs, in order to observe the Process of Generation. As also for digesting of Li∣quors.

A pair of Semicylindrick LAMPS. Contrived, describ'd, a and delineated b by the same Person. Design'd, for the poysing the Liquor which is to feed the Flame, so as to keep the surface thereof always at the same height, till it be all consum'd. And thereby not only to secure, that it never desert the Flame, and so to save Attendance:

but also to keep the Flame of equal strength, for all such purposes as require it.

The MODEL of an EYE. In which the Humours are represented by Glasses of an answerable Figure.

A BURNING-GLASS, about half a foot in Diametre.

A HOLLOW BURNING-GLASS. That is to say, two thin concave Glasses set together, and so to be fill'd up with water when it is us'd. About the same bigness as the former: but burneth not altogether so strongly▪ Contrived and given by Dr. John Wilkins late Bishop of Chester.

A Large MICROSCOPE, with three Glasses, and seve∣ral Screws to fit it for all manner of positions. It magni∣fies the Area of the Object to above a hundred times the ex∣tent thereof to the bare Eye.

A Lesser MICROSCOPE, somewhat more managable than the former.

The advantage of one with more Glasses, is that it takes in a bigger Object, or a greater part of it. Of one with a single Glass, that it shews the Object clearer. So that to have a distinct representation of it, 'tis convenient to make use of both. Of the latter kind, I have seen several made by Mr. John Malling in this City, not only with melted, but with Ground-Glasses so very small, that one of these Ground-Glasses being weighed in the Assay-Scales in the Tower, was found not above the fourscorth part of a Grain. The Diametre or Chord 1/••••^th part of an inch. Another, so small, that those Scales were not nice enough to weigh it. The Chord hereof to that of the former, is as two to three. These are the clearest and best that ever I saw.

An OTOCOUSTICK, or Instrument to help the hearing, made of Ivory. In shape like a Funnel, saving that the Nose is bended for the more convenient application to the Ear, and reception of the sound. Given likewise by Bishop Wilkins.

Another of Copper, funnel'd at one end, as the former, and also belly'd in the middle.

A Third of Tin, of a Conick Figure, and with a Cochlea within it. The best of all the three, is the first.

A Pair of HYDROSTATICK Scales. Used, amongst other purposes, to examine the specifick Gravity of Bodies.

A Box of ANATOMICK Instruments; sc. Saws, Steel and Ivory Knives, Chizels, a Forceps, a Leaver, a Tenter, a Sirynge, Pipes, Probes, and Needles.

SECT. II. Of Things relating to the MATHEMATICKS; and some MECHANICKS.

TO Astronomy. A REFLECTING TELESCOPE. Con∣trived by Mr. Isaac▪ Newton, Professor of the Mathe∣maticks at Cambridge. Whereby not only the cumber and charge of other Telescopes is avoided; one of these less than a foot long, magnifying as much as another of six feet: but the Object likewise, both by a more regular Refraction, and a less expence of Rays, is much more clearly repre∣sented.

It consists of a Tube open towards the Object, and close at the other end. Where is placed a Metalline Concave, instead of an Object-Glass. Near the other end, a flat Spe∣culum, also of Metal; placed obliquely towards a small Eye-Glass; sc. upon that point of the Tubes Axis, on which the perpendicular falls from the said Eye-Glass. So that the Rays coming from the Object, first fall upon the Concave; are thence reflected to the flat Speculum, thence to the Eye-Glass, and through that deliver'd to the Observers Eye. The Authors Description hereof at large; together with a Discourse of the Materials which are or may be thought fittest for the Speculums; a Table of Apertures and Charges for several lengths; As also Mr. Hugen's de Zulichem's Re∣marques on the same; see in the Phil. Transactions. a

Arithmetick. An Instrument for working Questions by Multiplying and Dividing. Contriv'd by Mr. Hook. Who purposes to give the Description hereof himself.

Geography. A WAY-WISER. Given by Bishop Wilkins. 'Tis very manageable. It hath five Indexes pointing to so many different Measures, sc. Perches, Furlongs, Miles, Tens of Miles, and Hundreds of Miles; and turn'd about with as many Wheels. Made to Work in a Coach, thus; In

the middle of the Axletree is cut a little Box to receive the Wiser: from whence the Axeltree is made hollow to the end. In this hollow lies a Rod, loose from the Axletree, and fasten'd at one end to the Nave of the Wheel, and so turns round with it. And with a Worm it hath at the other end, at the same time, it turns the Perch Wheel of the Wiser, and that all the rest. Yet by this measure, 1 yard will sometimes be lost in a 100 yards.

Architecture. A Model of a Geometrick FLAT FLOOR. Given by the forementioned Person. Contrived and deli∣neated (a) by Dr. J. Wallis Professor of Geometry at Oxford. Who was pleas'd to give me the following Account, as an Abstract of that he hath formerly published hereof. a

I did first, saith the Doctor, Contrive and Delineate It in the Year, 1644. at Queens-Colledge in Cambridge. When afterwards I was made Professor of Geometry at Oxford, about the Year, 1650. I caused it to be framed of small pieces of Wood, representing so many pieces of Timber; prepar'd by Mr. Rainsford a Joyner in Oxford, and put toge∣ther by my self.

This I shewed soon after to divers in Oxford, and particu∣larly to Dr. Wilkins, then Warden of Wadham-Colledge in Oxford. Who was so well pleased with it, that he caused another to be made for himself, according to that Pattern. Which he kept by him for many years, and afterwards pre∣sented to the Royal Society.

After the King's Restauration, I caus'd another to be made; and, in the Year, 1660. presented it to his Majesty; who was well pleas'd with it, and caused it to be reposited in his Closet.

On the Model first mention'd, I Read two Publique Lectures at Oxford, on the Vespers of the Publique Act: the one, in the Year, 1652. as to the Construction of it; the other, in the Year, 1653. as to the computation of what weight every Joynt of it sustains; whereby it might be the better judged how far it may be safely practised. The greatest weight charged on any one Joynt, doth not amount to Ten-times the weight of one Beam: And the greatest weight bor'n by any one Beam; not to seventeen times its own weight: and even this, not laid all on the same part, but distributed to several parts of it. The sum of these two Lectures, is to be seen in the Sixth Chapter of my Book de Motu.

A Third Lecture, much to the same purpose, I read, May, 1699. in the same place, before the present Grand Duke of Tuscany, who honoured the University with a Visit, and me with his Presence at that Lecture. After which, he was pleased very particularly to consider both the Delineation and Model, and declared himself very well pleased with it,

The contrivance is obvious to the Eye. The outsides re∣present the Walls of the Building on which this Flat Floor or Roof is to be laid. The Beams next adjoyning to the sides, have one end lodged on those Walls; the other end sustained by another Beam, lying cross; both ends of which, are in like manner sustained by other cross Beams; and those again by others; till they reach the other Walls. So that no one of them can fall, unless the Walls fail, or the Beams break: all mutually sustaining each other without any Pillar or Prop to support them, besides the outer Walls.

The Models I caused to be made, and that of the Royal Society in imitation thereof, are in Breadth, about four times as much as the Length of the longest Beam. But may be continu'd, at pleasure, to farther breadth, as shall be thought fit. With this Caution: That the farther the Work is continu'd, the greater Weight will be charged on every Joynt; especially near the middle. And though in this Model, no one Beam is charged with so much as seventeen times its own weight: yet if the Work be continu'd to a greater breadth, the proportional Weight will be thereby increased. And therefore must be limited, according to the strength of Timber, able to bear more or fewer times its own weight.

I do not know, that yet it hath been reduced to practise, in more than four Pieces, in this Form. Such is one of the Floors in the Tower of the Publique Schools at Oxford: the Breadth whereof, to the Length of the Beams, is as three to two. But may doubtless be continu'd much further: especially in such a Roof or Floor, as is not to bear much more than its own weight.

[illustration]

Thus, for instance, a Bowling-Green of near an Acre of Ground, may be cover'd with a Frame of long slender

pieces, without any other Prop than on the sides, for Vines, or other like Plants to run upon, so as to shade the whole.

Note here, That whereas the ends of the several pieces are to lie upon those that cross them, about the middle thereof; it will be necessary at every Joynt to abate both pieces half way, or near it; that one may be thus let into the other, and the whole reduced to a Flat. But whether such piece, so abated doth end even with that on which it lies, or doth lie over somewhat beyond it; is indifferent. And though That may seem more elegant; This, perhaps, may be fitter for use.

Each piece, I say, must be so abated half way, or near it. For, whereas those Beams, especially if of a considera∣ble length, will, with the weight, bow a little; if this abate∣ment be somewhat less than half way, (whereby without such bowing, the whole would somewhat rise in the mid∣dle) it will by such bowing be reduced to a Flat.

Note also, That a Frame thus contriv'd, needs neither Nail nor Pin; the several pieces fastening, as well as support∣ing one another. Yet, if it be to bear a great weight more than its own; it will be convenient to fasten each Joynt with Pins; and, if need be, to strengthen it with Iron-Plates, or line it with other pieces of Timber, to be fasten'd with Iron-Bolts; to make amends for what is weaken'd by the abate∣ments at the Joynts: which will make the whole Frame exceeding strong.

A Model of a Double Winding STAIR-CASE. The Foot of one is opposite to that of the other; whereby both make a parallel ascent, and within the same Cylinder. The Newel or Column in the Centre, is hollow, and built with long Apertures, to convey Light, from Candles placed at the bottom, and on the sides of the Newel, into both the Cases.

Another, of a single one, with a solid Column or Newel.

Navigation. A Model of the Hull of a DOUBLE-BOT∣TOM'D SHIP. Contrived by Sir William Pettey.

It hath two Heads, two Ruders, two Keels, two Holds, and a Vacancy between them.

From Stem to Stern, four feet and seven inches long. The Deck, about four Feet. From the foremost Rib to

the Rudder, three Feet and seven Inches. The Keel three Feet and about five Inches.

The Beam or breadth of the Ship, sixteen inches, or with respect to the Keel, as two to five.

The height of the Round-House, or the Room in the place of it, three inches and 1/••. Of the Great Cabin, three inches. Of the Fore-Castle, as much. The depth of the Wast an inch and 1/••. Of the Holds, six inches and ¼. Each of them four inches broad. The Vacancy between them, eight inches over. Their inner sides not belly'd, but plain, and per∣pendicular.

These are the principal Measures; which I thought fit to set down. The great Advantages of this Form, with re∣spect either to the Speed, the Course, the Safety of the Ship, or otherwise, I leave to the Authors own excellent Hand, from whom is expected a particular Account hereof.

An INSTRUMENT, contrived by Sir Christopher Wren, to demonstrate, How far against the Wind a Ship may Sail. Shewing, that the Mechanical Power, to which Sailing (especially against the Wind) is reducible, is a Wedge: And that a Transient Force upon an Oblique Plane will cause the motion of the Plane, against the first Mover.

A TERELLA, or an Orbicular Loadstone, about four inches and ½ in Diametre, with the one half immersed in the Centre of a Plane and Horizontal Table; so as to be like a Globe with the Poles in the Horizon. Together with 32 Needles upon the Margin of the Table. By which the dif∣ferent respect of the Needle to the several Points of the Loadstone; the reduction of the Filings of Steel to Helical Lines, or near them, by the Magnetick Effluvia; and other particulars may be observ'd. Contriv'd by the same Person.

Two DIPPING-NEEDLES. Designed for the taking of Longitudes.

A CANOO. Given by Mr. Hocknel. A sort of Boat so called, used in Greenland, and some other places. Figur'd almost like a Weavers Shuttle. The Wooden-Work is made up of five slender pieces, running by the length: one, which is round at the bottom or in the place of the Keel; and two flat ones in each side: Made steady with

small bended pieces, set or pricked in cross-ways, instead of Ribs: and so ty'd all together with Fin-Whale-Bone.

This Wooden-Work is cover'd all over, both below and above, with Seal-Skins, sewed together with Leathern-Thongs. Saving, that towards the middle, is an Oval Hole, encompassed with a Rim about four inches high, big enough for a man to sit down in.

In length, seventeen feet. From the Centre of the said Hole or Seat, forward, Ten feet; from thence, backward, seven. In breadth at the Seat, a foot and ¾. In depth, backward, seven inches and ½; forward, a foot; because of the mans feet. And the Boat seems thereby to be carried forward with the more ease: as a Coach, in being hung higher behind. The whole Boat is answerable to a great Bladder, in which, though the Waves dash and beat over it never so much, the man still sits safe.

He makes use but of one Oare, about nine feet long. Made of Ash, and shaped somewhat answerable to a strong Bow. In the middle, an inch and ¼ thick, and an inch and ¾ broad, by the Horizontal measure: towards both ends, about ¼ of an inch thick, and two inches and ½ broad, by the Vertical. At each end is fasten'd a Padle, here wanting. This Oare he holds in the middle, and Rowing with both ends alternately, makes it serve instead of two.

War. A GUN affixed to an Iron Triangle; the middle of the Gun, to one of the Angles; and the Breech, to the middle of the subtended side: and so to be fasten'd to a Floor or steady Frame, either at all the three Corners, or only at one of the hinder. Contriv'd by my Lord Vicount Brouncher, for the making of Experiments of the RE∣COYLING of Guns. Delineated in the History of the Royal Society. a Together with the Experiments made herewith by his Lordship; first before the said Society, and afterwards before the King: set down in a Table of five Columns. The First shewing the Corner stoped from Recoyling; the Second, the different Charges of Powder; the Third, the Distances to which the Bullet was carry'd wide of the mark; the Fourth, the side on which it was carry'd; the Last, the distance of the Mark from the Muz∣zle of the Gun. As also, the Causes assigned by his Lordship, for the particulars most observable.

An ASSAYER to try the strength of Gun-powder. Con∣triv'd by his Highness Prince Rupert. Compos'd of two flat, upright and parallel Stands of Brass, about a foot and ¼ high, with a shallow Indenture on both their inner edges. Upon the Base on which they stand, and between them, is placed a Powder-Pan. Over which, a Slider, with a thin Plate-Spring, which plays against the said Teeth, and two Arms for the charging it with weight at pleasure. The stronger the Powder is, it forceth the Slider to a greater height.

A WIND-GUN. Given by Dr. Wilkins late Bishop of Chester. Composed of two Barrels, one within another. To which is fitted a Rod to charge it with Air. At the Breech, where the two Barrels are open one into the other, is placed a Valve, to admit the Air into the outer Barrel, as the Rod drives it, and to keep it there.

A Seven-SHOT GUN, or a Gun which carries Pow∣der and Bullets, for seven Charges and Discharges to be made presently one after another. Given by Dudly Palmer Esq. Under the Breech of the Barrel, is one Box for the Powder. A little before the Lock, another for the Bullets. Behind the Cock, a Charger: which carries the Powder from the Box to a Funnil at the further end of the Lock; opens one Valve to let it into the Barrel, and the Priming-Pan; another, to let in the Bullet after it; raises the Cock; and lets down the Steel; all at one time.

An Indian Poyson'd DAGGER. About ½ a yard long. The Hilt is a sort of Wood, as firm as Box. Very curiously carved into a kind of Antique Head. The Neck by which it joyns to the Blade, plated with Gold, and embos'd with a Ring in the middle, in which is set some small sparks of Gems. The Blade about 14 inches long, and an inch broad about the middle; waved in the manner of some Swords hung up for Signs, and much expanded next the Hilt, the better to stay the Hand: where it is also curiously Damask'd with Gold. But every where else with white flourish'd Work of the colour of Silver. Saving both the Edges, which are left naked, and are very sharp. But that which is most observable is the Scabbard, which is one entire piece of Wood (near the colour of the best Walnut) with a Cavity cut down to the bottom of it answerable to the Blade.

A TAMAHAUKE, or Brasilian Fighting-CLUB. Made of Brasile-Wood. About an Eln long. The Handle, above two inches and ½ broad; in the middle, two; and four at the other end. Hath two double or square Edges ¾ of an inch thick. The broad end wrought on both sides with two Tables or Areas of small lines obliquely crossed, and fill'd up with a chalky substance to make them appear. In the middle of which, seems to be a rude Representation of some one of their Idols, whose help they expect.

A West-Indian TARGET. Given by H. Whistler Esq.

A West-Indian BOW, ARROWS, and QUIVER. The Bow is made of Ash. Near two yards long. In the middle, not an inch broad, but high-back'd and belly'd, sc. above an inch, as our Bows. But betwixt the middle and the ends, of a different shape, sc. above an inch and ½ broad, and not much above ½ an inch thick. The string made of a sort of Catgut; but consisting of three of them hard twisted together, looks like thick Packthread.

Some of the Arrows are almost an Eln long. Made of a fine sort of unjoynted and hollow Cane; about the thick∣ness of one of our Arrows, and feather'd in the same man∣ner. The Notch fortify'd with a Swath of split Quill, made tite with a fine sort of Glew. In the other end of the Cane, is fasten'd a brown Stick, about seven or eight inches long, and the Cane there kept firm from cracking, with a Swath and Glew, as the Notch. This Stick is usually knoted, for greater strength: and always Arm'd. One of them, with a curious Shark's Tooth near an inch long, and indented or serrated on both edges: a scurvy Weapon. The rest with Bones, Stones, and pieces of Metal, usually shaped not much unlike the said Tooth.

The Quiver made of the Skin of the Beast, somewhat like the Pig-Badger. With a round piece of wood for a Bottom; and in the middle of the wood, an Iron Wrest, to keep it from the ground.

A Pot of MACASSAR POYSON. Given by Sir Phil. Vernatti. With this the people of the Island commonly poyson their Arrows. They have of several sorts; the most dangerous said a to be made of the juyce of certain Trees in Borneo. But in This are plainly to be seen the Legs

and other Parts of some Species of Cantharides; which seem to be mixed with a kind of Corrosive Salt.

Three Cane-pieces ••/2 a foot long, fill'd with the same Poyson.

A Siam DRUM. Given by Mr. John Short. The Body of it, as it were a great thick Neck'd Earthen-Jug, fourteen inches long; the Belly nine over, the Neck four; and with the Bottom out. In the place whereof is spread a thin Parchment, made of a Fishes-Skin, beset all over with small round knots in strait and parallel Rows. Stretched out tite with numerous little Braces made of Split-Cane, all spread over the Belly of the Jug, and very curiously platted toge∣ther at both their ends. The Neck of the Jug flourish'd round about with a Mould. Both this and the Belly co∣ver'd with a black Varnish; and the Neck also with Red, Green, and Gilt.

SECT. III. Chiefly of MECHANICKS. Relating to

TRade. An Arabian BALSAME-BOTTLE. Given by Thomas Henshaw Esq. 'Tis two feet high, and near an Eln in compass. Shaped like a Long-Neck used in a Reverberating Furnace. Examining it well, I find it made neither of Glass, Earth, Wood, or any Vegetable Body; but only of Leather and Parchments. The inmost Parchment, as thick as that us'd by Scriveners. Next to which, is ano∣ther, as thick as the best Cordovan-Leather; but as sturdy as Whale-Bone. Next to This, another like the Inmost. Over all, is very titely and curiously sew'd a Cover of tan'd Lea∣ther. The top of the Neck hath a Ring or Collar, made only with raming in a kind of Gummy Earth very hard between the middle and the utmost Skin. The Stople made of Fir∣wood. So much of the Balsame which sticks to the sides of the Bottle, is of an extraordinary fragrancy: and seems not inferior to that which some Drugists sell under the Name of the Balm of Gil••ad.

ASSAY-SCALES, included in a Case with Glass Panels; to weigh with, out of the Air.

A China STATERA, in the form of a Steel-Yard. The Chineses carry it about them, to weigh their Gems, and the like. The Beam or Yard is of Wood, round, ¼ of an inch over, and a foot in length. Upon it are Three Rules of Measure, made of fine Silver-studded Work, as in Watch-Cases. One of the Rules is divided into inches; and every inch into (25) equal parts. The other Two are also divided into equal parts; but not into inches. They all begin from the end of the Beam: whence, the First is ex∣tended (8) inches; the Second, 6 ½; the Third, 8 ½. The first, is our Europe-Measure; the other two, I take to be the China-Measure, and that of some other Country trading with them.

At the other end of the Yard hangs a round Scale, mark∣ed with a square Seal of China-Characters. At Three seve∣ral Distances from this end, are fasten'd so many slender strings. The First Distance makes ⅝^ths of an inch; the Second, is double to the First, or an inch and ••/4; the Third, two inches and ¼.

When they weigh any thing, they hold up the Yard by some one of these three strings, and so hang a sealed weight (about an Ounce and ¼ Troy-weight) upon some point of the Rule, as the Thing requires. 'Tis kept in a Case fitted to it, almost like a Dancing-Master's Kit. There is one like to this in the Musaeum Romanum. a

A Pair of WOODEN-BELLOWS. Contrived to save Leather. Given by Sir Rob. Moray. They may be com∣pared to a Box; saving, that here the Box moves, and strikes not within, but over the Lid: and both of a square Figure. The length of the Box from end to end, within, two feet. The breadth, at the Breech, a foot and ¼; the depth, about a foot. The breadth of the Nose-end, seven inches and ••/••. The Breech-Board is bended, so as to make part of a Zone, answering to the Lid (which moves upon an Iron Centre or Axis) as the Radius.

The Lid hath a Margin placed inward on both sides and both ends. From the inner edge, to edge, longways, nine∣teen inches; in breadth, at the Breech, ten inches; at the Nose-end, four. The Nose, of Iron, like that of an ordi∣nary pair of Bellows. The Valve, of Wood.

On the middle of the said Margin, are two Springs on each

side the Lid, and one at each end. Between the two Springs on the sides, and at the four Corners, a kind of half Staple like a Bench-Hook. Within or under which are placed squares of Wood, and by the said Springs, kept close to the sides of the Box, (to keep in the Air) as it plays over the Lid.

A ROUPY of Silver. Given by G. Ent Esq.

A HALF-ROUPY of Silver. By the same Hand. These and divers other like Coins are currant all over the Domini∣ons of the Great Mogul. I place them here, as not relating to Antiquity, but of present known use.

Several sorts of Indian MONEY, called WAMPAM∣PEAGE. 'Tis made of a sort of Shell, formed into small Cylinders, about a ¼ of an inch long, and ••/••^th over, or somewhat more or less: and so being bored, as Beads, and put upon Strings, pass among the Indians, in their usual Commerse, as Silver and Gold amongst us. But being loose, is not so currant.

The meanest is in SINGLE STRINGS. Of which, here is both the White and Black. By measure, the former goes at Five shillings the Fathome; the latter, at Ten. By Num∣ber, the former at Six a penny; the latter, at Three.

The next in value is that which is Woven together into BRACELETS about ¾ of a yard long; Black and White, in Stripes, and six pieces in a Row; the Warp consisting of Leathern Thongs, the Woofe of Thread. These Bracelets the Zanksquaes or Gentlewomen commonly wear twice or thrice about their Wrists.

The best, is woven into GIRDLES. Of This here are two sorts. One about a yard long; with fourteen pieces in a Row, woven, for the most part, into black and white Squares, continu'd obliquely from edge to edge. The other, not all-out so long, but with fifteen pieces in a Row. Woven into black Rhombs or Diamond-Squares, and Crosses within them. The spaces between filled up with white. These two last, are sometimes worn as their richest Orna∣ments; but chiefly used in great Payments, esteemed their Noblest Presents, and laid up as their Treasure.

A string of Virginian MONEY. A Row of Teeth in shape like the fore-Teeth of a Hare: all woven together,

at one end, with brown twisted Thread, into one Piece ¼ of a yard long.

Husbandry. The Frame of a SAFFRON KILN. Given by the Honourable Charles Howard Esq. Together with a Description hereof; and the way of Planting Saffron, and ordering it upon the Kiln. And by Me published in the Phil. Transactions. a

The Spanish SEMBRADORE. A Machine for Plowing, equal Sowing, and Harrowing all at once. Contriv'd by Don Joseph Lucaleto a Spanish Knight. Used and approv'd both in Spain and Germany. Given by J. Evelyn Esq together with the Description extracted out of the Au∣thors Treatise hereof, and published in the Phil. Trans∣actions. b

A CIDER-PRESS. Described also by Mr. Evelyn. c Contriv'd by Mr. Hook. For better Dispatch, and thorow breaking of the Apples. Consisteth chiefly of four Cylin∣ders. Those two, which are first to bruise them, more di∣stant; the other, to press out the Juyce, as close as will well consist with their motion.

A BOX-HIVE. Given by Sir Rob. Moray. But contrived by Sir Christopher Wren: And the Description hereof first published d in the Year, 1652. Since then by Mr. Moses Rusden. Design'd to keep them warmer, and more safe; but especially, to prevent their Swarming, and the better to propagate them into Colonies.

Houswifery and Houshold-stuff. CASSAVI-BREAD. Made of the Root of the Hyjucca Mexicana. They first pound it, and press out the Juyce; which is of a noxious (say some, of a deadly) quality: and the Pulp of the Root is reduced to a Cake. These Cakes they fry, or rather bake over a gen∣tle fire, and so set them in the Sun to dry, for their Bread. The thicker Cakes, called Cassavi, and eaten by the poorer sort. The thiner, called Sciam Sciam, by the Rich. e In Hier. Benzoni's time, f all the Ships that were bound from Spain to Mexico; when they returned, were Victualled with Cassavi-Bread. That is, instead of Bisco't.

A HAMMOCK. Like a Great Net, with several small Tassels on the sides, and two huge ones at the ends. Be∣tween which, 'tis fifteen feet long. The Weft, seven feet;

and about as broad. It consisteth of twisted Thread, as thick as small Packthred; made of the Barque of the Coco-Tree, and of the Rind of the Nut. Not Netted; nor Woven with Warp and Woofe; but after the manner of Bobbin-Work. At both ends, the Weft gather'd up into several small Ropes, and those at last into greater: by which it is commonly fasten'd to two Trees some yards above ground. Thus fitted, the people in some parts of the Indies, lie down in them, and so sleep secure from Ser∣pents and wild Beasts.

A Pattern of the STUFF made by the Planters in New-England: the Yarn whereof they Dey of a kind of Philea∣mot, with a Decoction of the Barque of the Butter-Nut-Tree (described in the Second Part) without Alum, Coppe∣ras, or any thing else to strike the Colour.

A sort of LEATHER, as thin as that of a Kid. Of which it is affirm'd, That it will keep out water better than the best Neats Leather. And I have been told, That it hath been us'd in the French-Camps, spread upon the ground, for Beding. It seems to be made, by being throughly soaked in a mixture of Oil and Bees-Wax.

A CUP Turn'd out of Sassafras Wood.

A Little BOX Turn'd out of a Nutshell.

A JAPAN Wooden CUP: cover'd with a Red Varnish within, and with yellowish Flowers without, upon a Black Ground.

An INDIAN-PAIL. Made of the Barque of Birch-Tree. Square at the bottom, and thence rising up into a Conick Form. So ingeniously contriv'd, that the Sides and Bottom are all made out of one single piece of Barque.

An INDIAN DISH or Potager. Made also of the Barque of a Tree, with the Sides and Rim sewed together after the manner of Twiggen-Work.

Another DISH, cut out of Wood, as Hollow Ware commonly is here in England.

A RUSH-BASKET. The Rushes are partly of their Na∣tive colour, and partly deyed with a redish and brown Tawny. Very prettily woven together by the Indian Wo∣men, in striped and indented Work. And also very oddly: for it seems to have a double Woofe, one on each side the Warp; the Rushes running on the out-side, one way; on the in-side the contrary.

A BASKET made of Porcupine-Quills. The Ground is a Packthred-Caule; not Netted, but Woven. Into which by the Indian-Women are wrought, by a kind of Lap-Work, the Quills of Porcupines, not split, as the Person that sent it affirms, but of the young ones entire: mixed White and Black in Even and indented Waves. Esteemed by themselves as one of their chiefest Curio∣sities.

ANOTHER, made of the same Materials; but with the Quills wrought in Triangular Chequer-Work.

An Indian COMB. A Stick, whereof somewhat more than one half is cut into three sharp and round Teeth, four inches long. The other part left for the Handle, adorned with fine Straws laid along the sides, and lap'd round about it, in several distinct Swaths.

Cloaths and Ornaments. An Indian PERUQUE. Made, not of Hair, but Feathers, sc. black, grey, yellow, red and white: all cut at the tops to the length of about five inches. Saving the fore-Lock, which is made of small ones an inch and ½ deep. Fasten'd to a course Netted-Caule of Pack∣thred.

An Indian MANTLE; Also made of Feathers. Given by Dr. G. Smith. About an Eln square. The Feathers all of a Brown or Eagle-colour, small and wrought into a Caule of Packthred.

An Indian BRACELET for the Wrist. Made of the Scarlet Feathers of the Indian Sea-Curlew (described in the First Part) Clipt short, and woven into a Caul of Packthred two inches broad. There are also ½ a dozen Tufts of blew Feathers in the middle, and two of Black at each end. Much like the usual Bumbast of black Bits sewed into Ermine, which our English Women are made to think very fine.

A Pair of Iceland GLOVES. Given by Th. Henshaw Esq. About ½ a yard long, and ¼ broad at the Tops. Made of Deer-Skin; not tan'd, but only dry'd, with the Hair on; and lin'd with the same. The Tops faced with Scarlet Serge, Em∣broyder'd with Flower-Work, made of Leaden-Wyre, twisted (as Silver-Wyre on Silk) upon brown Hempen Thread. I call it Wyre, not because it is Drawn, which this Metal cannot be, but for that it is so small. In the vacancies of

the Work, are set Copper-Spangles with knots of the same Wyre.

An Indian SCEPTRE. Made, as it seems, of a sort of Cane. A yard long; and as thick as a middle walking-Cane; without any Joynt, and perfectly round. Consisteth of hard and blackish Cylinders, mixed with a soft kecky Body; so as at the end cut transversly, it looks as a bundle of Wires. Gilt and varnished all over with Flowers in Green, Red and White; saving the two ends which are Black.

The FAN of an Indian King. Given by H. Whistler Esq. Made chiefly of the Feathers of Peacocks Tailes; composed into a round Form. Bound altogether with a circular Rim, above a foot over, consisting of the parts of certain Plants like split Cane. The middle strengthen'd and divided into squares with cross Bars, made of the same materials, and some of them deyed Red. The bottom of each Square over-laid with Moscovy-Glass. And in the middle of each, a knot of white Feathers, like the Flower of a Jacynth.

A plain Indian FAN, used by the meaner sort. Made of the small stringy parts of Roots, spread out in a round flat Form, and so bound together with a Splinter-Hoop, and strengthen'd with small Bars on both sides. The Handle painted with Japan Varnish, black, red, and yellow. When they use them, they sprinkle them with sweet Water, which perfumes the wafter Air.

An Indian PURSE or CASE for the Pudenda of a Man. 'Tis a foot long, and closed at the bottom. Made of small Reeds woven together after the manner of course Linnen.

An APRON for the Pudenda of a Woman. A ¼ of a yard deep, and shaped like a Widows Peak. Hath two transverse Labels, with several small Tassel'd Strings, to tie it about her middle; and a great one hanging down before. Made of Rushes, and other Plants. The out-side of several colours, sc. white, yellow, red, tawny, and brown; as flexible as any Thread. Woven in several Squares, and ½ Squares in a most exact and geometrick Order. The in∣side of smaller Rushes, all of one colour, and the Weaving uniform: as some Silks are plain on one side, and flowered on the other. A piece of Work, which an European could hardly imitate with all her Art.

A Pair of Iceland BOOTS. Given also by Mr. Hen∣shaw. Made of dry'd Deer-Skin, as the Gloves. Somewhat above a foot long, and about a foot broad at the Tops. The small of the Leg, above ½ a foot. The Foot, but eleven inches. Lined with another sort of Skin, and that only dry'd. The Knee faced with course red Cloath; and the top of the Foot with Lists of the same; both Embroy∣der'd with twisted Leaden-Wyre, like that on the Gloves. On the end of the Toe, a Button made of a Leathern Thong knoted in a round form, and wrought over, not with twisted, but plain Leaden-Wyre. They are stitch'd together with Cat-Gut. How the people use them, I see not; for the very same Skin, which is thin, and with the Hair on, makes the Sole, as well as the Top, of the Foot, and the Leg.

A SNOW-SHOOE, used in Greenland, and some other places. Given by Mr. Linger. A yard and ½ long, and in the middle fifteen inches broad. Oval behind; the fore∣end, sharp. The Margin is a piece of Wood of the breadth of a Lath, reduced to the Form above-said, and so made tite and steady with two cross Bars. To the sides round about, is stretched and fasten'd three pieces of woven Work, resembling Net-Work; made of small Leathern Thongs, in three parallel Orders, one directly, and two ob∣liquely transverse. In the middle piece is a hole made, to affix It to the Foot.

Painting. A LANDSKIP, being the Prospect of a fair City, painted upon Stone.

A Natural Landskip, or Prospect of Ruinous Buildings in Stone. Humour'd with a Tree painted over it.

Another, with a Woman in a praying posture.

CATOPTRICK PAINT, on a Table or Board. Given by Bishop Wilkins. On one side, the Paint looks as if it were al∣together rude and irregular, so as nothing can be made of it. But a Metalline Cylinder being placed perpendicular upon a certain Point of the Table; the Rays are in such sort incident thereon, and thence reflected to the Eye, as to re∣present a variety of curious Work: sc. a Shepherd playing on a Pipe; and his Wife dancing with a Child in her Arms, and a Basket on her Head.

On the other side, St. George and Don Quicksot both on Horse-back, and a Wind-Mill betwixt them. And Don

having made his Horse leap at the Sail, his Horse hangs upon it, and himself is thrown to the ground. But a Me∣talline Octogon, placed as the Cylinder, shews St. George in good posture upon Don's Horse, killing the Dragon.

An Instrument to draw PERSPECTIVE with. Contriv'd by Sir Christopher Wren.

An Optique BOX, used as a help in DRAWING.

A piece of SMALT-GLASS. Used by Painters for Picture-Frames, and other purposes. Given by Mr. J. Linger.

The Picture of a MUSK-DEER, in Colours, and after the Life. Taken in Java major, and sent from thence by Sir Philiberto Vernatti.

The Picture of a BASILISK. Pretended by those that shew it, to be a real Animal so call'd. But is an Artificial Thing, made chiefly of the Skin of the Raja, and the Legs of a Dodo, or some great Fowl. Given by Ellis Crisp, Esq.

The Picture of the Plant called NINSIN. The whole Plant is drawn after the Life on Parchment, in Colours. The Root, of a redish yellow; about five or six inches long, and near as thick as a Skirret: agreeing with the De∣scription hereof in the Second Part of this Catalogue. The Stalk as thick as a Wheaten-straw, and a foot high. The Leaves somewhat like those of the Stock-Gilly-Flower. The Flowers redish in the Bud, and white when open; three and three together, and composed of six round Leaves, like those of the Round-Flower'd Moly figur'd in Bauhinus, but not so big.

The Draughts of several Indian PLANTS on a Table. In the first place, of

The CLOVE-TREE: Together with a Branch of the same after the life: The Mother or Prolifick-Clove, from which the Plants are propagated: And the Stone and Ker∣nel of the same. Next of

The NUTMEG-TREE: Together with a Branch of the same after the life: The Fruit of the Female-Nutmeg: Of that called the Thieving-Nutmeg, because it infects and spoils the good ones where it lies: The Male, with its Fruit, both long and short: And the little Kind, wherewith the Natives dey their Teeth black. Next of

A PLANT which beareth a Fruit hanging with a long

Stalk upon the top of the Leafe; almost in the shape of a Can, with its Lid. If it be open'd, though the Weather ne∣ver so hot, 'tis half full of Liquor. Then of

A SAGEWAR-TREE; whose Flower being cut, renders a Juyce like Wine, far above the Coco-Tree: With the Fruit both of the Male and Female. In the last place, of

The SAGOUS-TREE; which those that inhabit the Molucca Islands, eat instead of Bread: With the Fruit, after the life.

Design. An Armed SOULDIER, in the posture of fighting. Together with a Landskip, and the Prospect of an Army. Given by Mr. Will. Brownest; and all very curiously Drawn with his Pen.

Wrighting. A Jewish PHYLACTERY. This here is only a single Scroll of Parchment, ¼ of an inch broad, and 15 inches long; with Four Sentences of the Law, (viz. Exod. 13. from 7. to 11. and f. 13. to 17. Deut. 6. f. 3. to 10. and 11. f. 13. to 19.) most curiously written upon it in Hebrew. Serarius, from the Rabbies, saith, That they were written severally upon so many Scrolls. And that the Jews to this day, do wear them over their Foreheads in that manner. So that they are of several sorts or modes, whereof this is one.

The original use of them, for Memento's: grounded on that Command, a And thou shalt bind them for a sign ••pon thine Hand, and they shall be as Frontlets between thine Eyes. But afterwards, served more for Ostentation. And at last, for Spells or Amulets. b From whence also the use of Charms amongst Christians was first learn'd; and those who gave them called Phylacterij. Prohibited by the Council in Trullo. c

An Example of the ARABICK Letter in one or two Va∣riations upon Parchment.

An Example of the CHINA-Language, in a considerable Variety of CHARACTERS, upon two sorts of China Papyr.

An Example of the MALABARINE Letters and Lan∣guage. The Letters have some little resemblance to those of the Coptick. Written upon a single Plate of the Palmetto-Leaf, an inch and ½ deep, and 10 inches long. It seems, from the Hole punched at the end of it, to have been

filed with a great many more, and so to have made a Book.

Another Variety of the ARABICK Letter, not properly Written, but Impress'd with a Style, or as it were Engraven, upon two double Plates of the Palmetto-Leaf.

Sculpture. A CARVED Shell of MOTHER of Pearl. On which Andromeda stands naked upon the Shore, having her Arms fasten'd to a Rock with two Chains. Near the Shore, a great Sea-Fish or Monster making towards her, and spouting out Water at Perseus. Who comes flying upon Pegasus, with his Shield, and his Sword advanced, to kill the Monster. Upon a Promontory between Andromeda and Perseus stands a Cupid, and among the Trees upon it another, signifying their Marriage afterwards. All done with extraordinary Art.

ANOTHER, with the same curious Work, but different Phancy. Neptune making towards the Shore, without his Mace, advances and spreads abroad his Arms, in Courtship towards Diana. Who stands on the Shore in her Mantle half naked, and holding forth her Hand in the posture of denial. Between them, two naked Nymphs, one giving aim to the other, shooting a Dart at Neptune to give him a further repulse. And a Cupid flying away over Dianas Head.

About 36 pieces of Ivory, with IMAGES CARVED upon Each. On some, of Men; on others of Women and Children; and on others, of Cattel. One of them, a Crucifix, with the Eleven Apostles. They seem to have be∣longed to a Cabinet or Chest of Drawers, and to make some story; but the rest being wanting, unintelligible.

One of them, is a curious piece of Work. On the top of a Rock, stands a Castle. At the foot, a George or Chevaleer, armed and mounted, and combating a Dragon; defending her self, and shewing her rage in a most lively posture. Be∣hind the Horse stands one of her young Ones, expecting her Conquest. On the brow of the Rock, a Woman, or if you will the Lady, praying for her overthrow. Hereto may be refer'd,

A SEA-PIECE, consisting wholly of INLAY'D-WORK, of several Colours, in Stone. As also,

A FORREST, with a House at the end of it; and several

Beasts both wild and tame, as the Lion, Unicorne, Boar, Camel, Stag, and a Dog pursuing him: all Cut in PAPYR, in the compass of about three inches square.

Turn'd Work. A Box of CUPS, from Norimberge: being an Hundred of them one within another; the Boll of the utmost about two inches and ½ in Diametre. Given by Dudley Palmer Esq. I take the Wood to be Maple.

A piece of TURN'D Work in Ivory. Given by H. Olden∣burge Esq. A solid Triangle, turn'd open on the four sides. With a Flower standing out on each side, and loose. In each Flower, a little Spike, also loose. But all the four Flowers by themselves, and so the Spikes, are united in the centre. On the Necks of the Flowers likewise hangs a Sphaerical Tri∣angle; and on each Neck, several small Rings. Preserved in a Round Ivory Box.

The HEAD of a Princes, in her HAIR, and with a CORONET; in an Oval of Ivory. That which is extra∣ordinary, is, That it is not CARVED, but all TURNED Work. 'Tis kept in an Oval Box, wrought with Undulated Work of several Forms, all likewise Turn'd. The Art, I think, is now dead with the Author.

Molded-Work. Two HALF BODIES in Armor, betwixt four and five inches in length. Given also by Mr. Dudley Palmer. The phancy is this, That upon a rude molded Ground of Rosin and Wax, or some such substance, are laid, chiefly the parts of several Plants and Insects, by which the Figure is compleated. As the Forehead, (all the Face of one) with the Scales of the Belly-Piece, of the Broad Golden Cantharis; the Ball or White of the Eye, with Gromwell-Seeds; the Lids, with those of a sort of Marigold; the Nose, with that of Carthamum; the Beard with those of Lettice. Part of the Armor, of one, with the Wing-Sheaths of the Green Broad Cantharis: of the other, with the Seeds of Cow-Parsnep: and so for the rest. A couple like to These, are figur'd in Olearius's Musaeum.

Sir Robert Moray's HEAD in WAX. Taken off of a Plaster-Mold, which was made upon it.

SECT. IV. Of COYNS, and other Matters relating to Antiquity.

THe Effigies of JOHN HOWARD, the first Duke of Norfolk, in Colours Neald on Glass. From whom the Right Honourable the present Duke of Norfolk is the eighth, inclusive. Given by Mr. S. Morgan. He is repre∣sented kneeling in a Chappel, with his Dukes Cap by him, and Invested in his Coat of Armour, bearing four Coats, Quarterly: sc. of Howard, Brotherton (Son to King Edward the First) Plantagenet (Earl of Warren and Surrey) and Fitz-Allan. The first, is Gules, a Bend betwixt six Crosslets fitchy, Argent. The second, the Arms of England, with a Label of three Points Argent. The third Checky Or and Azure. The fourth, Gules, a Lion Rampand Or.

The PEDEGREE of the most Noble Family of the HOWARDS, from the first Duke above-said: Engraven on a Copper-Plate. Given by the same Hand.

A ROMAN URNE, of Glass, with a Handle. Given by Sir Christopher Wren. Above fifteen Hundred years old. Almost like a Bottle containing a Gallon and ½; but with a very short Neck, and wide Mouth, and of whiter metal. Encompassed girth-wise, with five parallel Circles. Found in Spital-Fields.

STONES, not long since found near the Foundation of Charing-Cross at a great depth. Given by Sir Joseph Wil∣liamson. They seem to be a sort of course Marble. Of a blackish colour, and figur'd into several plain sides; but irregular: from whence they may be argu'd to be very ancient.

A Piece of MOSAICK WORK, found deep under ground, in Holbourn near St. Andrews Church. Inlaid with black, red, and white Stones, in Squares and other Regular Figures.

A parcel of little square Stones, belonging to MOSAICK-Work, found in a Field near Bath, in the Year, 1664.

Several Examples of MORTARS of old Castles and Roman Buildings. Given by John Aubrey Esq for comparing them with those now in use.

A ROMAN MONEY-POT. Given (with the Coin below mention'd) by the same Hand. Found in the Year, 1651. in Week-Field, in the Parish of Hedington, in Wilt∣shire; half full of Roman Coin, Silver and Copper, of several Emperors near the time of Constantine. Of the colour of a Crucible, and fashion'd almost like a Pint Jug with∣out a Neck. Closed at the top, and having a Notch on one side, as in a Christmas-Box. In the same place (where anci∣ently was a Roman Colony) and at the same time, were dig'd up the Foundations of several Houses for a Mile together.

Of COYNS.

MOst of them being obscure, lest I should mistake, I presently took the help of my Worthy Friend Mr. Abraham Hill, Fellow of the Royal Society, very well acquainted with This, as well as other parts, of Antiquities.

Silver.

Twenty SILVER DENARII; whereof Nineteen given by Sir Paul Whichcote. The

• I, II, and III. Consular.
• IV. Imp. Otho Caesar Aug. Trib. Pot.
• Reverse. Securitas P. R.
• V. Aulus Vitellius Imp. Germ. . . . . . . . . . Augusti.
• VI. Caesar Vespasian. . . . . . Tr. Pot.
• VII. Caesar Aug. Pater Patriae. Princ. Juvent. Caes.
• VIII. Imp. Caes. Domit. Germ. Pont. Max. Tr. P. Imp. iij. Cos. xv. Censor. P. iij.
• IX. Imp. Caes. Trajan, Hadrian Aug. P. M. Tr. P. Cos. iij. Felicit. P. R.
• X. Imp. Caesar Trajan Hadrian. Aug. P. M. Tr. P. Cos. iij.
• XI. Hadrianus Aug. Cos. iij. P. P. Romulo Conditori.
• XII. M. Commodus Anton. Aug. Pius. Tr. P. viij. Cos. iiij. P. F.
• XII. M. Commodus. . . . . . . Cos. . . . . Exerc.
• ...

• XIV. Severus Aug. Parthic. Max. Restitutor Urbis.
• XV. Caes. Marc. Anton. Gordianus African. Aug. Princ. Juventutis.
• XVI. Maximus Caesar German. Pietas Aug.
• XVII. Dom. Nost. Julianus P. (i. e. pius) F. (i. e. felix) Aug. (Julian the Apostate.) Votis x (i. e. Decennalibus) multis x.
• XVIII. D. N. Valentinianus P. F. Aug. Urbs Roma. Lug. P. C.
• XIX. R. N. Valens P. F. Aug. Restitutor Reip. P. Lug.
• These from Sir Paul Whichcote.
• XX. D. N. Valens P. F. Aug. Urbs Roma Tr. P. (Treviris Perc.)
• Given by Walter Chetwynd Esq.
• XXI. Henricus IV. Dominus Hiberniae. Commonly call'd an Irish Groat.
• XXII. Carolus V. . . . L. M. . . . . Indiarum Plus Ult. In whose time the Indies

were more fully discover'd. These two given by G. Ent Esq.

Copper.

• I. D. N. Constantius P. F. Aug. Fel. Temp. reparatio. Two more of the same.
• II. D. N. Magnentius P. F. Aug. Felicitas Reipublicae. These from J. Aubrey Esq.
• III. Constantinus P. F. Aug. Soli Invicto Comiti.
• IV. Constantinus Nob. Caes. Vot. x. Caesarum nostrorum. S. Tr. (i. e. Sign. Treviris.)
• V. Constantinus Aug. . . . Tranquillitas Vot. xx. The same again.
• VI. Constantinus Jun. Nob. C. Vot. x. nostror. Caesarum. These found near Cambridge.
• VII. Antonius Pius Aug. Virtus Augg. (Augustorum) Denarius.
• VIII. . . . . Tit. Ael. Hadr. Antoninus Aug. Pius. Cos. iij. S. C. (i. e. Senat. Cons.) Annona.
• IX. D. N. Constantinus P. F. Aug. Fel. Temp. Reparatio.
• ...

• X. D. N. Magnentius. Felicitas. . . . . .
• XI. D. N. Magnentius. Salus DD. NN. Aug. & Caes. Α. Ω.
• XII. D. N. Constantius. Salus DD. NN. Aug. & Caes. Α. Ω. Of these two last together, here are 24, all with the same Revers, about ☧ the
• Initial Letters of ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ.
• ...

  XIII. Constantius P. F. Aug. . . . . . Exercitus.

  With Nine more obscure. These were taken out of the Pot above mention'd, found near Hedington.

• XIV. . . . Ptolomy. . . . . . .
• XV. Divus Aug. S. C. Consensu Sen. & Eq. Ord. PQR.
• XVI. Divus Augustus. Providentia S. C.
• XVII. M. Agrippa. . . . Cos. . . . . . .
• XVIII. C. Caesar Aug. German. P. M. Tr. Pot. Vesta. . . . . . . The same again.
• XIX. Tib. Claud. Caes. Aug. P. M. Tr. P. Imp. Constantia Augusti. The same again.
• XX. Tib. Claud. Caes. Aug. P. M. Tr. P. Imp. . . . . . . . S. C.
• XXI. Drusus Caes. Tiber. Aug. F. Divi Aug. N. Pontif. Tribun. Potest. iterum.
• XXII. Imp. Nero Caes. Aug. Pon. M. Tr. P. Roma. . . . S. C.
• XXIII. Nero Claudius Caes. Aug. Germ. P. M. Tr. R. Mac. Aug. S. S. (Macellum.)
• XXIV. Serg. Galba Imp. Caes. Aug. Adlocutio.
• XXV. A. Vitellius Imp. German. Fides Exercituum S. C.
• XXVI. A. Vitellius Germ. Aug. P. M. Tr. P. S. C. . . . .
• XXVII. Imp. Caes. Vesp. Aug. P. M. Tr. Cos. viij. . . . . . . S. C.
• XXVIII. Caesar Vesp. . . . . . . . . . S. C.
• ...

• XXIX. Imp. Caes. Domit. Aug. Germ. Cos. xvj. Cens. Perp. Moneta Aug. The same again.
• XXX. Imp. Caes. Magnentius. Felicitas Reipublicae. A Souldier holds in his right hand, a Victory; in his left, the Standard, on which is ☧ as on the XII.
• XXXI. D. N. Decentius. Salus DD. NN. Aug. & Caes.
• XXXII. D. N. Magnentius P. F. Aug. Salus DD. NN. Aug. & Caes.
• XXXIII. D. N. Decentius Caes. Salus DD. NN. Aug. & Caes.
• XXXIV. Urbs Roma.
• XXXV. Constans. Fel. Temp. Reparatio.
• XXXVI. . . . Constantius. Fel. Temp. Reparatio. Of these two last together, here are 43, all with the same Reverse.
• XXXVII. D. N. Magnentius P. F. Aug. Gloria Romanorum.
• XXXVIII. . . . . Philip. Miliarium Saeculum Cos. iij. When Rome had been built a Thousand years.
• XXXIX. . . . Aurelius Anton. . . . . . S. C.
• XL. D. N. Theodosius P. F. Aug. Gloria Exercitus.
• XLI. D. N. . . . . Reparatio Reipub.
• XLII. Constans Pius Aug. Virtus Exercit.
• XLIII. D. N. Honorius. . . . . . . .
• XLIV. Crispus Nob. Caes. . . . . Tranquillitas.
• XLV. Gallienus Aug. . . . . . . . .

With about 72 more, which are obscure. Paper or Pastboard-Money.

Lugdunum Batavorum.

Pugna pro Patria. 1574. When besieged by the Spaniards.

Notes

• a

  Lib. 1. c. 63.
• a

  Both communica∣ted by Dr. Daniel Cox.
• a

  Author of the Expe∣riment upon the Load∣stone, Part 3.
• a

  N. 125.
• b

  Experi∣ments Phy∣sico-Mecha∣nick of the Spring of the Air.
• c

  See Hist. of the Royal Society, p. 312:
• a

  See his Lampus, p. 14.
• b

  Ibid. Tab. 3. Fig. 4.
• a

  Num. 81, 82.
• a

  See his Book De Mo∣tu, Cap. 6. Prop. 10. Fig. 243.
• a

  Part 2; p. 233.
• a

  Tavern. Ind. Trav. l. 3. c. 19.
• a

  P. 34. Col. 2.
• a

  Num. 138.
• b

  Num. 60.
• c

  Appen∣dix to Po∣mona.
• d

  By Mr. Hartlib.
• e

  Aldin. De script. Hort. Farnes. Out of Mo∣nerdes and Oviedus.
• f

  Histor. Americ. l. 4. c. 28.
• a

  Deut. 6. 8. and in the other places above quoted.
• b

  Hierome, quoted by Bishop Mon∣tague.
• c

  Can. 61.