may be seen. So that these Roots, as by the Perpendicular Strings,
which shoot from them into the Earth, and wherein the Aer-Vessels
are contracted into their Center, they are Plucked down: So by
the Aer-Vessels, which stand nearer the Aer, and more under its At∣tractive
Power they are invited upwards; whereby they have
neither ascent nor descent, but keep level, betwixt both.
49. §. But if these Vessels are Contracted, standing either in, or
near the Centre, and are invested with a Barque proportionably
Thick; the Root striketh down perpendicularly, as doth that of Dan∣delion,
Bugloss, Parsnep, &c. And therefore the said Vessels, although
they are spread abroad in the level Roots, yet in the perpendicular ones
of the same Plant, they are always contracted; as by comparing the
Level and Down-right Roots of Ammi, Primrose, Jerusalem Artichoke,
Cowslip, and others, is manifest.
50. §. If the Aer-Vessels are Contracted, and Environed with a
greater number of Succiferous, the Root grows deep; that is, perpen∣dicular
and long. Perpendicular, from the Contraction of the Aer-Vessels;
and long, from the Predominion of the Succiferous, which
in their growth, are extended only by that Dimension, as in Liquirish,
Eryngo, &c.
51. §. If the Succiferous are over proportioned to the Parenchymous
Parts, but under to the Aer-Vessels; the Root is perpendicular still, but
groweth shallow: The Succiferous being sturdy enough to keep it per∣pendicular;
But the Aer-Vessels having a predominion to keep it from
growing deep; as in Stramonium, Nicotian, Beet, &c.
52. §. If, on the contrary, the Parenchymous Parts are predomi∣nant
to the Aer Vessels; and that, both in the Root and Trunk; then the
whole Root changeth place, or descends. For the said Aer-Vessels,
having neither in the Trunck, nor in the Root, a sufficient Power to
Draw it upwards; it therefore gradually yields to the Motion of its
String-Roots; which, as they strike into the Soil, Pluck it down after
them. And because the old Strings annually rot off, and new ones
successively shoot down into the Ground, it therefore annually still de∣scendeth
lower; as in Tulip, Lily, &c. may be observed.
53. §. Where the Aer-Vessels are much spread abroad, and also nu∣merous,
the Root oftentimes, as to its several parts, descends and ascends
both at once. So Radishes and Turneps, at the same time, in which their
nether parts descend; their upper, (where the said Vessels are more
loosely braced, and spread more abroad than in the lower parts) do
ascend, or make their Growth upward. Hence also, the upper part
of most young Roots from Seed, ascends: Because the first Leaves, be∣ing
proportionably large, and standing in a free Aer, the Aer-Vessels
therein, have a dominion over the young Root; and so themselves
yielding to the solicitation of the Aer, upwards; they draw the Root,
in part, after them.
54. §. BY THE Situation and Proportion of the Parts, the Age
of the Root is also varied. For if the Sap-Vessels have the greatest
Proportion, the Root, is Perennial, and that to the farthest extent, as
in Trees and Shrubs. Because these Vessels containing a more copious
Oyl; and their several Principles being more closely Concentred,
they are less subject to a Resolution, that is, a Corruption or Mortificati∣on
by the Aer.