The church-history of Britain from the birth of Jesus Christ until the year M.DC.XLVIII endeavoured by Thomas Fuller.

SECTION II.

1.HEavy were the times now and tumultuous betwixt the King and his Barons, mutu∣ally taking Cities and Castles one from a∣nother. The King therefore came to Cam∣bridge (the pass out of the West into Nor∣folk and Suffolk) resolving to fortify the same. Indeed we finde some ancient Writings which may probably insinuate Cambridge to be walled time out of minde: As where we read in a Charter of Priviledges granted to the Town, Extra muros Burgi de Cantabrig. Except some will be so morose to expound it onely the walls of private houses therein. However, at the present such walls (if any) are utterly decayed.

2. The North-west part of Cambridge beyond the River (formerly farther extended than now of days) the King found sufficiently secured by an im∣pregnable Castle. The West-side of the Town was competently fenced with the River, anciently (before all endevours of draining the fens) wider and deeper than now it is. Onely the South and East of the Town lay open, which the King intended to fortify. In order whereunto he built two gates, Trumpington-gate by St. Peters Church, now ruined, on the South; Barnewell∣gate, by St. Andrews Church, now decayed, on the East. And because gates without walls are but complements in matter of strength, he intended toq wall the Town about, if time had permitted him. Mean while he drew a deep ditch (called Kings-ditch at this day) round about the South and East parts of Cambridge.

3. Presently news is brought to him, that Gilbert Earl of Clare had seised on the chief City of the Realm. No policy for the King to keep Cambridge and lose London the while. Thither marched he in all haste with his Army, and may be said to cary the walls of Cambridge away with him, the design thereof sinking at his departure. Immediately after the King was gone away, one Hastings, a bold Rebel, finding, by like, the new ditch ill manned, forced his passage over it, burned part, spoyled all the rest of the town of Cam∣bridge Nor have I ought else to observe of this Kings-ditch, save that in our fathers days filled up with filth and mire, what was made for the fortifying, became a great annoying of the University: Until some 50 years since, partly at the cost of Dr. James Mountague (Master of Sidney's Colledge, afterwards Bi∣shop of Winchester) a rivolet was let into the same; so not onely clearing it, but turning the annoyance into a great conveniency of water to some Col∣ledges, and to the Town in general.

4. Humphrey Necton about this time left Cambridge, the first Carmelite who took on him the degree of Doctorship, as Leland himself attesteth.

Laudibus Humphredum Necton super astrak feremus, Cu•• data Grantana laurea prima Scolae.

Above the skies let's Humphrey Necton praise; For on him first Cambridge confer'd the Bayes: that is, made him Doctor in Divinity.

5. True it is, these Carmelites at their first coming hither, scrupled the acceptance of any Academical degree, as having a secular smack therein, part of the Pomp and Vanity of the world, and therefore inconsistent with the holiness and humility of men of their mortifyed profession. Besides, this Or∣der particularly pretends to weare on their shoulders a scapulary (being a nar∣row piece of cloth hanging down before and behinde) the first of which fa∣shion the Virgin Mary personally presented to one of their Society with this complement,l Receive this, my Beloved, which I give unto thy Order in signe of my Fellowship: And hence it is that Carmelites call themselves Brethren of the Order of the blessed Virgin Mary of Mount-Carmel. Except therefore a Carmelite could actually commence an Angel, he is a loser by his Degree, which in effect is but a degradation unto him. Besides, to weare an hood or habit of a Doctorate over the holy scapulary aforesaid, what were it else, but preposterously to place Earth above Heaven? These considerations (weighty no doubt) made the Carmelites for sometime demur to the making of any degree in Divinity.

6. However Humphrey Necton first took heart, and ten years agoe (viz. 1259) commenced Doctour under William de Ludham then Chancel∣lour of Cambridge. Here he flourished many yeer (and now went to Norwich, where he died, Anno 1303, having been fourty four yeers Doctor) especially after King Edward erected and endowed a Covent for Carmelites in Mill-street in this University, since turned into Queens-Colledge and Kathe∣rine-Hall.

7. The Antiquarym of Oxford discovereth envy, or ignorance, or both; when speaking of Lelands verses on Nectons commencing saith, Quod ego certe de sua sectâ non intelligo, quasi primus sua sectae Carm••liticae gradum illum susce∣pisset, sed quasi simpliciter & absolutè primus, As if he had not been the first com∣mencer of his Order, but absolutely the first that ever took the degree of Doctorship in Cambridge. Contrary to the express testimony of learned Authors here∣in.

John Bale de Script Brit. p. 312,	John Pits De Ang. Scrip. p. 388,
Originally a Carmelite in Nor∣wich (and therefore knowing in the men and matters of his own Or∣der) informeth us, that Humphrey Necton, a Suffolk man by birth, and Carmelite by order, Ex omni sua facti∣one primus [tandem] fult, qui Theologi∣cus Doctor fit effectus.	An Oxford man by education (and therefore his testimony not to be re∣fused by the Oxford Antiquary) ac∣quainteth us, that the said Necton, Cantabrigiae Ordinis sui omnium pri∣mus creatus est sanctae Theologiae Doctor; was the first of his Order made Do∣ctor in Divinity.

This Necton was afterwards publick Professor in Cambridge, and set forth a Book, which he termed his Lecturas Scholasticas.

8. Now although Patience be a principal virtue amongst all those which Cambridge professeth and practiseth, yet can she not but complain of Oxford Antiquary his injurious dealing herein, in making her solemnity of Graduation then first to begin. The best is, Petrus Blesensis, who wrote in the reign of King Henry the second, almost one hundred years before Necton's birth) sufficiently cleareth this point and confuteth this cavil, when affirmingn that in his time Cambridge did make glad the Church of God and all England, per plurimos Magistros Doctorèsque inde exeuntes.

9. Notwithstanding the frequency of dysasters formerly mentioned, Cambridge quickly outgrow her miseries, much indebted therein to the

care and courtesie of the King. Amongst many of his Royall-boons, this not the least, that in favour of the Scholars he now renewed his former Letters, to prohibit any Tiltings or Turnaments to be kept within five miles of Cam∣bridge, according to the tenour following:

Rexr omnibus ad quos presentes liter ae pervenerint salutem. Quia di∣lect is nobis in Christo Magistris & caeteris Scholaribus Universitatis Can∣tabr. per Comites, Barones, Milites & alios, torneamenta ibidem exercen∣tes, aventur as quaerentes, & ad Arma ••untes, frequentibus solent pericula & incommoda multipliciter evenire, quae si tolerarentur in discidium ibi∣dem studentium per processum temporis cedere possint manifestè, quod su∣stine••e nolumns sicut nec debemus: Nos indemnitati Magistrorum & scholarium volgntes in hac parte, quatenus fieri poterit, providere, concessi∣mus eis degratia nostra speciali quod torneamenta aliqua, aventurae, justae, seu hujusmodi hastiludia non fiant de caetere in villa praedicta seuper quin∣que milliaria circumq••aque. Et prohibemus sub gravem forisfacturam no∣stram, ne quis de Regno nostro apud Villam praedictam seu alibi infra prae∣dicta quinque milliaria circumquaque torneare, Justas facere seu aventu∣ras, vel alia hastiludia quaerere praesumat, contra concessionem nostram prae∣dictam. In cujus rei testimonium has liter as nostras fieri fecimus patentes. Teste meipso apud Westmon. xxiiij. die Julii, anno Regni nostri quinqua∣gesimo quarto.

10. The same year Prince Edward came to Cambridge; one no less fortu∣nate in peace than victorious in war. Here he understood that frequent dif∣ferences did arise betwixt the Scholars and Townsmen: for the future pre∣venting whereof he caused an Instrument to be drawn up and three seals an∣nexed unto it, viz. his own, and the publique seals of the University and Town of Cambridge. Herein it was agreed betwixt them, that once every year (viz. after Michaelmas, when the Masters resumed their Lectures) five dis∣crect Scholars should be chosen out of the Counties of England, three Sco∣tish-men, two Welshmen, three Irish-men, thirteen in all; which joyned with ten Burgesses (seaven out of the Town, and three out of the Suburbs) should see that the peace was faithfully kept betwixt all the Students and Inhabitants. By Suburbs here we understand so much of the Town as was left out of the line of the Kings-ditch, which, to make it the shorter and stronger, took not in the stragling streets beyond the gates.

11. For as yet, and for some succeeding ages, no University in Ireland. And although some forty years after, viz. anno 1320. Alexander Bicknor, Archbishop of Dublin, obtained of the Pope priviledges for an University, and erected Lectures at Dublin; yet presently the troublesome times fru∣strated so good a designe, till towards the end of the Reign of Queen Elizabeth. As for Scotland, it was University-less till Laurence Lundor is and Ri∣chard Crovel, Doctors of Civil-Law, first professed learning at St. Andrews, some hundred years after: Til which time the Scotish youth repaired to Cambridge and Oxford for their education, as their Bishops did to York for con∣secration, till they got an Archbishop of their own, in the reign of King Edward the fourth.

12. See now Cambridge an University indeed, by the

• universality
  • 1. Studiorum, not confined (as in Grammar-Schools) to one faculty, but extended to the generality of Arts.
  • 2. Studentium, not restrained to one Country or Kingdom, but admitting forainers as well as natives.

So that Brian Twine might well have omitted his needless and truthless marginals note: Cantabrigiense studium Henrici ••ertis temporibus valde fuit obscurum, fi ullum.

13. Now began some differences between the Scholars in the Univer∣sity

and the Arch-Deacon of Ely, who summoned them unto his Courts, and by virtue of his Office would have proceeded against them for non-ap∣pearance. The Scholars denyed any subjection due unto him; and after an hot contest, both sides referred themselves to Hugh Balsham, Bishop of Ely, who decided the controversy as followeth:

Universisa Christi fidelibus praesentes literas inspecturis Hugo Dei gra∣tiâ Eliensis Episcopus salutem in Domino. Ad Universitatis vestrae noti∣tiam tenore praesentium volumus pervenire, quod nos affectantes tranquillita∣tem & pacem Universitatis nostrae Cantabr. Regentium & Scholarium studentium in eadem, volentesque ut tam archidiaconus noster Eliensis cir∣ca sibi subditos quàm, cancellarius Universitatis ejusdem circa scolares suos it a jurisdictionem suam separatim exerceant, ut uterque suo jure contentus non usurpet alienum: Ad petitionem & instantiam praefati archidiaconi nostri cancellarii & magistrorum Universitatis praedictorum (ab utraque parte nobis traditis articulis) ad aeternam rei gestae memoriam super his ordi∣namus infra scripta.

Inprimis volumus & ordinamus quod magister Glomeriae Cant. qui pro tempore fuerit, audiat & decidat universas glomerellorum ex parte reâ existentium, volentes in hac parte praefatum magistrum codem privilegio gaudere quod habent caeteri magistri de scolaribus suis de causis corum deci∣dendis. It a quod sive sint scolares sive laici qui glomerellos velint convenire vel aliquid ab eis petere, per viam judicialis indaginis, hoc faciat coram magistro Glomeriae ad quem decernimus hujusmodi causae conditionem spe∣ctare pleno jure. Nisi hujusmodi causae cognitio sit de pensionibus domorum per Magistros & Burgenses taxatarum, vel de facinoris enormis evidentia, ubi requiritur incarcerationis poena vel ab universitate privatio. In hiis enim casibus & non aliis respondeant Glomerelli coram Cancellario cuilibet querelanti qui jurisdictionem suam exercet in hiis sicut est aliàs observatum. Si vero magister Glomeriae cognoscat inter scolarem actorem & Glomerellum reum, & contigerit appellari ab interlocutoria vel à diffinitiva sententia, vo∣lumus & ordinamus quod ad Cancellarium appelletur, qui in ipsa causa ap∣pellationis procedat secundum ordinem observatum, cum ab alio magistro re∣gente & de dicta causa sui scolaris cognoscente ab alterutra partium ad Can∣cellarlum appellatur. De causis vero Glomerellorum inter se & laicorum & Glomerellorum Cancellarius in nullo intermittat, nisi causa sit de pensione do∣morum taxatarum, vel de enormitate delicti ut superiùs est expressum.

Et quia in statutis Universitatis vidimus contineri quod duo bedelli Uni∣versitatis intersint virgam deferentes omnibus vesperis, principiis, conven∣tibus, defunctorum exequiis & omnibus aliis convocationibus, nullo alio in praejudicio eorum virgam delaturo, praecipimus quod bedellus Glomeriae in praedictis convocationibus & locis coram Cancellario & magistris virgam non deferat. In aliis autem locis quandocunque & ubicunque voluerit & maxime pro expeditione sui officii virgam libere deferat licenter & quiete.

Et quia in statutis Universitatis ejusdem inter alia continetur, quod fami∣lia scolarium, scriptores & alii officia ad usum scolarium tantùm deputata ex∣ercentes, eadem immunitate & libertate gaudeant qua & scolares, ut coram archidiacono non respondeant sicuti nec scolares qui sunt eorum domini. Hoc it a tenore praesentium declaramus, quod in hoc casu nomine familiae solummodo volumus contineri mancipia scolarium in domibus cum eis commorantia dum personaliter deserviunt scolaribus antedictis. Item nomine Scriptorum & aliorum officia ad usum scolarium tantum deputata exercentium, volumus in∣telligi de scriptoribus illuminatoribus, & stationariis qui tantùm deserviunt scolaribus quod sub Cancellario respondeant, uxores tamen eorum super crimi∣ne adulter••i vel allocujus cognitio & correctio ad archidiaconum spectat in

casu consimili in personis aliis sibi subditorum diffamatae & reliqua eorum familia ad officium scolarium specialiter non deputata, archidiacono sint sub¦jecti in omnibus & singulis sicut caeteri alii laici municipii Cant. & totius nostrae diocesis El••ensis.

Quod autem apud Bernewell praesentibus archidiacono praedicto, Can∣cellario & aliis quorum intere••t inter cos verbaliter tantùm ordinavimus, praesentibus inseri fecimus, videlicet quod Rectores ecclesiarum, vicarii, Ca pellani parochiales & alii ••cclesiarum Cant. ministri archidiacono per om¦nia subsint sicut & alii de archidiaconatu suo adjiciendo, declarantes quod appellatione ministorum ecclesiae volumus in hoc casu contineri tam ipsum Rectorem, vicarium & clericos ecclesiae deservientes, quam presbyteros cele∣brantes miss as beatae virginis & pro fidelibus dum tamen ab aliquo parochia norum laicorum Cant. fuerint procurati, ibique moram faciant principa∣liter pro missis hujusmodi celebrandis, licet for san à latere studere velint & scholas exercere. Si vero principaliter causa studiorum ad municipium Cant. venerint licet for san praedictas missas celebrent per parochianos procurati, volumus & ordinamus quod Cancellarii jurisdictioni subsint omnino. Ita quod si dubitetur qua intentione moram faciunt principaliter in municipio praedicto, super hoc stetur ipsorum presbyterorum ju••amento corporaliter praestando coram archidiacono & Cancellario memoratis, & sic de hujusmodi presbyteri persona ille jurisdictionem habeat omnino ad quem ex eventu & virtute juramenti pertinebit in forma superiùs annotata. Si verò Rectores, vicarii & ministri hujusmodi ecclesiarum Cant. fortè cum scolare contrahant seu in actu scolastico delinquant, in hiis tantummodo casibus & non aliis coram Cancellario ipsos praecipimus compelli respon∣dere.

Ad haec inter alia laudabile statutum & salubre à dictis Cancellario & magistris editum diligenter inspeximus, nequis aliquem pro scolare tue∣atur qui certum magistrum infra quindecim dies postquam Universitatem idem scolaris ingressus sit non habuerit, aut nomen suum infra tempus prae∣libatum in matricula sui magistri redigi non curaverit, nisi Magistri ab∣sentia vel justa rerum occupatio idem impediat. Immò si quis talis sub no∣mine scolaris latit••re inveniatur, vel dejiciatur vel retineatur juxta re∣giam libertatem. Et licat quilibet magister antequam actualiter ad regi∣men admittatur statutum hujusm••di fide praestita firm are teneatur, intellexi∣mus tamen quod plures magistri perjurii reatum saepius incurrentes contra ejusdem statuti tenorem aliquos ut scolares defendendo fidem suam nequiter violarunt: propter quod volentes maliciis hominum obviare, praecipimus sub poena excommunicationis nequis quenquam ut scolarem contra memorati statuti tenorem tueri, vel favorem sibi ut scolari in aliquo praebere praesu∣mat.

Et quia ecclesiae nostrae diocesis nobis & archidiacono nostro sunt subjectae, scolares verò universitatis ejusdem subsunt Cancellario memorato, praeci∣pimus & mandamus quod sacerdotes scolares in utriusque praesentia vel ip∣sorum vices gerentium super sua ordinatione examinetur, & approbentur vel reprobentur, prout digni vel indignireperti fuerint.

Et ne jus nostrum negligere videamur qui alios in sua justitia confove∣mus, Inhibemus sub poena excommunicationis quam veniens in contrarium ipso facto incurrat, ne memorati Cancellarius & Universitas divisim vel conjunctim, clam vel palam aliquid ordinet vel statuat, edita vel statuta bujus••••di observet vel servari faciat in praejudicium nostrae jurisdictionis seu archidiaconi nostri Eliensis, nobis specialiter inconsultis & non praeben∣tibus assensum hujusmodi statutis vel etiam statuendis: decernimus enim ir∣ritum & inane quic quid contra hanc nostram prohibitionem à quoquam ip∣sorum fuerit attemptatum.

Ad hac quia jurisdictio dicit archidiaconi à jurisdictione praefati Can∣cellarii tam ratione contractuum quàm personarū ac etiam causarum liquidò est distincta, ac constet utrumque esse nobis immediatè subjectum, nolumus ipsum Archidiaconum vel suam familiam Cancellario praedicto in aliquo subesse, nec ipsum Cancellarium vel suam familiam in alique subesse Ar∣chidiacono memorato. Sed uterque virtute propriae potestatis suam propriam familiam corrigat, ipsam ad juris regulas reducendo. It a quòd si necessarium fuerit superioris auxilium in hiis de quibus ecclesia judicat, ad nos vel ad officialem nostrum recursus habeatur. Salva nobis & successoribus nostris potestate addendi, detrahendi, corrigendi, mutandi vel minuendi in posterum sicut nobis & ipsis visum fuerit expedire. Data & Acta anno Domini MCClxxvj. apud Dunham in octabis beati Michaelis.

14. Now seeing this is the most ancient Composition in this kind we meet with, it will not be amiss to dwel a while thereon with our observations; the rather because it mentioneth Cambridge not as an University modernly mo∣delled, but of an ancient constitution.

First, We finde in the Preface of this Instrument the word Univer∣sity (within the compass of three lines) used in two senses, 1. For the ge∣nerality of Mankind, to whose notice this Deed may attain: 2. For Scholars from all Countries, studying the latitude of learning, in one grand Society, in which acception (as formerly we have observed out of a greatb Antiquary) it began first to be used in the reign of King Henry the third. Now Bishop Balsham termeth Cambridge nostram, our Univer∣sity, First, because probably therein he had his education: Secondly, because it was scited in (as surrounded with) his Jurisdiction: Thirdly, because lately, in the founding of Peter-house, it had largely tasted of his benefaction.

Secondly, Behold here the compleat body of an University with the Chancellour (at this present Robert de Fulburne) the Head, the Regents and Scholars the Heart, the officers the Hands and Feet thereof. Of the latter this composition expresseth by name, 1. Bedels, and those two in number, with the Virges or Wandes, since, in many yeers, grown up to be Staves, and these two doubled into four at this day. Some con∣ceive Bedellus so called quasi Pedellus, à pedo, signifying that ceremoni∣ous Staffe which they manage in their hands; whilest others with more probability derive it from Beades (Praiers in old English) it being a principal part of his office to give publique notice of all conventions for Academical devotion. 2. Scriptores, writers, well known to all. 3. Illuminatores, such as gave light and lustre to Manuscripts (whence our english to limne) by colouring and gilding the initial and capital letters therein, essential ornaments in that age, men then being more pleased with babies in books than children are. 4. Stationarii, publickly avouching the sale of Staple-Books in standing shops (whence they have their names) as opposite to such circumforanean Pedlers (ance∣stors to our modern Mercuries and Hawkers) which secretly vend prohibited Pamphlets. All other officers are included in this Deed under the generical name of Mancipia, whence our word Manciple (confined since by custome to signify the provider of victuals for se∣veral Colledges) takes its denomination.

15. But what should be the sense of Glomerelli and Magister Glomeriae (so often occurring in this instrument) we must confess our selves Seekers therein, as not satisfyed with what learned Caius conjectureth therein. Forc he maketh him senior Regent to collect and count the suffrages in all Congregations. As if so called à glomerando, from going round about the Regent-house to that purpose: or from gathering their votes commonly written, and (to take up

less room, and to be the better taken up) glomerated, i. e. rolled and round∣led up in a piece of paper. Butd elsewhere the same Author tells us, that our University-Orator, at this day, succeeds to the ancient office of Magi∣ster Glomerdae, whose place it is to entertain Princes and Peers coming thi∣ther, and to pen publique Letters on all occasions of importance. What∣ever he was, it appears by this composition, that he kept Courts, and had cognisance of causes of Scholars under his jurisdiction. But seeing so great an Antiquary as Sir Henriee Spelman concludes all herein with a quaere (his doubts having more learning than other mens determinations) let it suffice us to know, that the original of this word seems barbarous, his office nar∣row and topical (confin'd to Cambridge) and his certain use at this day an∣tiquated and forgotten.

16. Now whereas this Bishop, towards the close of this composition thundereth forth his Excommunication against the Chancellour and whole University, if presuming to infringe the same in prejudice of his Jurisdi∣ction; some will conceive his presumption (or profaneness rather) herein, incurred, ipso facto, that heavy censure which he denounceth on others: Considering the former Priviledges indulged some hundreds of years since, by several Popes to this University.

Honorius primus anno Dom. 624. Feb. 20.	Sergius primus an. Dom. 689. May. 3.
Authoritatef omnipotentis Dei, distri∣ctius inhibemus sub poena excommunica∣tionis, quam veniens in contrarium ipso facto incurrat, ne quit Archiepiscopus, Episcopus, Archidiaconus, aut eorum officiales seu visitatores generales, aut speciales, à sede Apostolica deputati au∣deat in aliquem Academicum, suspensio∣nis vel excommunicationis seu interdicti sententias inferre, &c.	Presentiumg authoritate decrevimus, ut nulli Archiepiscope vel Episcopo aliive Ecclesiasticae personae vel Seculari liceat, Universitatem vestram, aut aliquem ve∣strum suspendere, seu excommunieare, vel quolibet sub interdicto ponere, absque sum∣mi Pontificis assensu vel ejus speciali Man∣dato, &c.

How durst the Bishop of Ely, notwithstanding the promisses, interpose his power in University matters? Is it not ridiculous for the man to pretend bounty in bestowing a remnant on him, to whom his Master formerly had given the whole piece? What bounty was it in this Bishop to exempt Cam∣bridge partly from Archidiaconal, which Popes so long before had privi∣ledged from Episcopal Jurisdiction?

17. These considerations have prevailed so far on the judgement of some (especially Oxford) men, that they condemn the credit of those ancient Papal priviledges indulged to Cambridge as false and forged. They conceive their censure herein advantaged by a discoveryh one hath made of a flaw in the Bull of Honorius, bearing date two years before Honorius was Pope, whose Papacie, according to common computation, began not until the year 626.

18. For mine own part, I see no necessity to cast away those Papal Bulls as false and spurious, but rather conceive, that the originalls of them were long since abolished at the destruction of Cambridge by the Danes, when all things were almost brought to a general desolation. And, although some copies and transcripts of them were reserved; yet, because such caried not authenticalness with them, the Bishops of Ely, in after ages, used (not to say, usurped) jurisdiction over Cambridge, whilest the University therein was as yet weak and poor, as scarcely recovered out of the late ruines thereof. Nor am I moved at the pretended detection of a false date in the Bull of Honori∣us, finding him at the same time sitting in the Papal Chaire, by the testimo∣ny ofi Authors of ••ndeniable credit.

19. It is now high time that we give in a list of such Hostles in Cambridge, wherein Students lived, under the Rule of a Principall, on their own proper charges before any Colledges were endowed in the University.

• 1. St.a Augustines-Hostle, now Kings-Colledge-Pensionarie, at the East end of the Chappel, next to the Provosts lodging.
• 2.b Bernards-Hostle, situate where now the Masters garden of Bennet-Colledge, but belonging to Queens, as purchased by Andrew Ducket (the first Principal) and bestowed thereon.
• 3.c Boltons-place, now part of Pembroke-Hall.
• 4.d Bordens-Hostle, neer the back-gate of the Rose-Tavern, opening against Caius Colledge; anciently it belonged to St. Johns Hostle, and afterwards to Clare-Hall.
• 5.e St. Buttolphs-Hostle, betwixt the Church and Pembroke-Hall (where Wenham a Cook dwelt in my time, and) where some Colle∣giate character is retained in the building.
• 6.f Clements-Hostle, on the south of St. Clements-Church.
• 7.g Cousins-Place, included in Pembroke-Hall.
• 8.h St. Crosses-Hostle, in the street called School-lane, anciently a Tenement of St. Johns Hospital.
• 9.i Edmonds-Hostle, nomen patet, locus latet.
• 10.k St. Edwards-Hostle, against little St. Maries, where lately a victualling-house, called the Chopping-Knife.
• 11.l Ely-Covent, neer Bordens-Hostle, for Ely Monks to study in.
• 12. Gerards-Hostle, betwixt Trinity-Hall and Colledge, where a bridge lately (if not still) bearing the name thereof.
• 13.m Gods-House, taken down by King Henry the sixth, but not in that sacrilegious sense wherein then Psalmist complains, They have taken the Houses of God into their possession: For when he took this into Kings-Colledge, in lieu thereof he founded another—
• 14.—o Gods-House, new parcell of Christs-Colledge.
• 15. St. Gregories-Hostle, where nowp Trinity-Colledge Dove-coat.
• 16. H••rlestones-Hostle, in Marlestones-lane, on the east of St. Clements-Church. Williamq Grey, Bishop of Ely 1466, allowed them leave to officiate Divine Service in their Oratori•• neer the high bridge.
• 17. St. Hughs-Hostle. This my worthy friend Mr. More, late Fel∣low of Caius-Colledge, first discried out of an ancient Manuscript (once belonging to Ely) attesting that Mr. of St. Hughs-Hostle, was admitted to plead in the Bishops Courts. Thus hath he recover∣ed the denomination, let others discover the situation thereof.
• 18. Jesus-Hostle, or de P••nitentia Jesu, and—
• 19.—St. Johns-Hospital; for••it is pity to part them which stood close together (as Johnr usually lay in Jesus his bosome) consisting of Seculars, and now both compounded into Peter-house.
• 20. St. Johns-Hostle of Regulars, now translated into St. Johns-Colledge.
• 21. St.s Katherines-Hospital; now the south part of Trinity-Colledge.
• 22.t Knaptons-Place, absorpt at this day in Pembroke-Hall.
• 23. St.u Margarets-Hostle, being the east side of Trinity-Colledge.
• 24. St.w Maries-Hostle, on the north-west of that Church, where onely a brick-wall keep•• possession of the memory thereof. It belong∣eth to Bennet, Matthew Parker being first admitted here, before trans∣planted into that Colledge.
• 25. St. Nicholas-Hostle, over against Christ-Colledge, where now a private house with the publiqu•• name of the Brazen-George. The

• Scholars hereof, as eminent for hard studying, so infamous for their brawlings byx night.
• 26.y Ovings-Inn, the buildings under which the kennel betwixt Caius and Trinity-Colledge emptieth it self.
• 27. St.z Pauls-Inn, now the Rose-Tavern.
• 28.a Phiswicks-Hostle, bequeathed by William Phiswick, Esquire-Beadle, to Gonvil-Hall, since taken into Trinity-Colledge.
• 29.b Pythagoras his House, beyond the bridge. Either so called, because his Philosophie was studied there, or because formerly the forme or building thereof resembled a Y, his beloved letter. Other∣wise many men will be made as soon to beleeve Pythagoras his trans∣migration of souls, as the transportation of his body hither, that he ever lived in Britannie. It now belongeth to Merton-Colledge in Oxford.
• 30.c Ruds-Hostle, over against Emanuel-Colledge, where now the Castle-Inn.
• 31. St.d Thomas-Hostle, where now the orchard of the Master of Pembroke-Hall, and where the neighboring Leas retain their name: formerly the Campus Martius of the Scholars here exercising them∣selves, sometimes too violently; lately disused, either because young Scholars now have less valour, or more civility.
• 32. Trinity-Hostle, on the south side of that Church, the habitation lately of Dr. Angier, now of D. Eade. Some Chapel-conformity is still extant in an east window thereof: and the ancient Armes of the Earl of Oxford in an outward room, invites me to believe that family the founder thereof.
• 33. Tyled-Hostle, on the west of Caius and east of Trinity-Colledge.
• 34. University-Hostle, which in the year 1350 was, for some con∣siderations, passed by the Vice-Chancellour and Regent-house, to Pem∣broke-Hall. This anciently was the house of Sir Roger Haidon Knight; and long before, one Fabian, the Chaplain, dwelt therein.

Of these Hostles we see some denominated from the Saint to whom they were dedicated, as St. Margarets, St. Nicholas, &c. Some from the vicinage of the Church to which they were adjoyned, as St. Maries, St. Botolphs, &c. Some from the materials with which they were covered, as Tyled Hostle. Some from those who formerly bought, built, or possessed them, as Bordens, Ruds, Phiswicks, &c. Some were reserved onely for Civil and Canon Law∣yers, as St. Pauls, Ovings, Trinity, St. Nichola••, Bordens, St. Edwards, and Ruds; and all the rest employed for Artists and Divines. Some of them were but members and appendants to other Hostles (and afterwards to Colledges) as Bordens to St. Johns-Hostle, then to Clare-Hall: St. Bernards to Queens. The rest were absolute Corporations, intire within themselves, without any subor∣dination.

20. Know also that Inns (whereof onely two, Ovings and St. Pauls) differ∣ed onely gradually from Hostles, as being less. For Johns Ovings, Clerk, bought the ground whereon this Inn, from his named, was seated, of the first Prioress of St. Radigunds, for two shillings, which at twelve years pur∣chase was but two pence a year. It seems, being a waste, it was little worth, or else the Prioress charitably afforded him the better penniworth, in consi∣deration that he would improve the place to a publique good.

21. But here the Oxford-Antiquary insulteth on the paucity of ancient Hostles in Cambridge (which all our industry cannot advance to fourty) much boasting of the numerousness of the Halls in Oxford, which he mounteth to above two hundred, assigning their several names and situations, besides Entries, Chambers, and other less places for Students to live in.

22. I envie not my Aunts fruitfulness (though every hundred had been a

thousand) but conceive such Halls must needs be mean and smal structures, if we consult the content, and extent of Oxford, not exceeding Cambridge in greatness of ground, and the latter every whit as 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 or well compacted to∣gether. Either then such Halls (like flowers that grow double) must one croud into another, or else they must be inconsiderably small, like those three hundred sixty five children which Margaret Countess of Henneberg brought forth at a birth in Holland, (one skull whereof I have seen, no bigger than a heade or a beane) or else it is utterly impossible such a compass of ground should contain them. Besides, If all the body be the eye, where then is the hearing? These two hundred Halls for Scholars, will take up so much ground, none will be left for the Townsmen. This makes me conceive that Aula (whence our Hall) did import but one fair room, or else was a Townsmans house, (like Moody-Hall in Cambridge) where Scholars dieted together. This I dare aver, that what the Halls in Cambridge wanted of Oxford in number, they had in greatness, so that what was lost in discrete, was found in continued quantity. For we read how in the Hostles of St. Maries, Bernard, Thomas, Augustine, there were twelve, twenty, and sometimes thirty Regents, besides non-Regents above them, and young Students beneath them. As for the Hostles de∣signed for Lawyers, almost every of them had fourscore or an hundred Students. So that what Homer saith of a Physitian, that he is 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, eminently worth many others: one of Cambridge-Hostles might be equiva∣lent, in number of Students, to many of those Oxford-Halls; and the diffe∣rence not so great in Scholars, as the dispropotion betwixt thirty of the one and two hundred of the other doth seem to import.

23. In these Hostles Scholars were more conveniently accommodated than in Townsmens houses (wherein anciently they lived) both because here they were united under one head; and because they were either rent-free, or paid it by agreement to a Chief of their own Society. But as stars lose their light when the Sun ariseth: so all these Hostles decayed by degrees, when endowed Colledges began to appear in Cambridge: and I behold Tri∣nity-Hostle (wherein Students continued till the year 1540) as the longest liver, surviving all the rest.

24. But, whilest they were in use, many worthy Scholars were bred therein, and pity it is, the Catalogue of their names is lost. For when I finde an English Bishop, or learned Writer, brought up in Cambridge, but not re∣ducible, with probability, to any Colledge now in being, presently I con∣clude he had his education in one of the aforesaid Hostles. I will instance one∣ly in those which flourished in the reign of King Henry the eighth.

Henry Holbech John Capon John Hilsey William Reps Thomas Thyrby James Stanley Rowland Lee Richard Sampson John Clerk Edward Vaughan Edward Birkhead Henry Standish Robert Parfew John Bird Robert Holgat, Archbishop of York Cuthbert Tonstall, Bishop of Durham

Bishop of

Lincoln 1547 Sarum 1539 Rochester 1536 Norwich 1536 Norwich 1550 Ely 1506 Covent. and Lich. 1524 Covent. and Lich. 1543 Bath and Wells 1523 St. Davids 1509 St. Asaph 1513 St. Asaph 1519 St. Asaph 1536 Bangor 1539 1544 1530

All these undoubtedly were (and are allowed, by Bishop Godwin, to be) Cam∣bridge-men, yet no modern Colledge-Register can reach them, as to lay just claim to their breeding. Whence we inter them to be no Collegiates but Ho∣stelers, not in that sense which the spitefulle Papists charged Dr. Cranmer to be one (an attendant on a stable) but such as lived in a learned Inn or Hostle not endowed with revenues.

25. Pass we now from these Hostles, to those Religious Houses which anciently flourished in Cambridge: Where first we meet with

• The
• Dominicans, or Preaching-Friers (though neither finding their Founder, nor valuation at their suppression) whose House is now turned into Emanuel-Colledge.
• Franciscans follow, called also Minors, or Gray-Friers; their House being now converted into Sidney-Colledge. It was founded by King Edward the first, where they had a fair Church, which I may call the St. Maries, before St. Maries, the Commencement, Acts, and Exer∣cises being kept therein. The Area of this Church is easily visible in Sidney-Colledge garden, where the depression and subsidency of their Bowling-green east and west, present the demensions thereof, and I have oft found dead-mens bones thereabouts. When this Church fell, or was taken down, I know not; and should be thankfull to such which should to me expound those passages in Mr. Aschams epistle to Thomas Thurleby, Bishop of Westminster; the date of the year not being expressed. It is to intreat him to stand the Universities friend, in compassing for them this House of Franciscans, wherein hitherto their great indeavours had small success, adding moreover,
• Franciscanórum aedes non modò decus atque ornamentum Academiae, sed opportunitates magnas ad Comitia, & omnia Academiae negotia conficienda habent.
• What accommodations this House could then afford the University at Commencement, I understand not. Sure I am King Henry the eighth bestowed it on Trinity-Colledge, of whom the Executors of the Lady Frances Sidney did afterward purchase it.
• Augustine-Friers, on the south-side of Pease-Market, lately the dwel∣ling of Mr. Pierce, and now of Mr. Thomas Back, Esquire-Beadle. Their Founder and value unknown.
• Carmelites, built by Edward the first, to which Sir Guy de Mortimer, and Thomas de Hertford, were great Benefactors. Their House crossed athwart the street now leading to Kings-Colledge, as occupying the ground whereon Katherine-Hall and Queens doe stand at this day.
• White-Canons, almost over against Peter-house, where now a brick wall (the back-side is called White-Canons at this day) and an Inn with the signe of the Moon.

As for the Nunnerie of St. Radigunds, and Priorie of Barnewell, we have for∣merly spoken of them; onely I add, that at the dissolution King Henry be∣stowed the site of the latter on Sir Anthony Brown (afterward Viscount Moun∣tague) and Dame Elizabeth his wife, and their heires, at the rent of one pound four shillings penny half penny.

26. These Friers living in these Covents were capable of Degrees, and kept their Acts, as other University men. Yet were they Gremialls and not Gremialls, who sometimes would so stand on the tiptoes of their priviledges, that they endeavored to be higher than other Students: so that oftentimes they and the scholars could not set their horses in one stable, or rather their books on one shelf. However generally the Chancellors ordered them into tolerable obedience, as will appear hereafter.

27. Last of all, it will be enough for the present, to give in a list of such learned Writers, which were bred in Cambridge, in these several Orders, as we have collected them out of Bale, Pitz, and other Authors.

Augustinians.

• Gulielmus Wels 1421
• Joannes Buriensis 1460
• Galfride Glandfield 1340
• Joannes Godwick 1360
• John Langham—
• John Sloley 1477
• John Tonney 1490
• Ralph Marcham 1380
• Richard Chester 1354
• Roger Clacton 1340

Dominicans.

• William Encurt 1340
• William King sham 1262
• John Boltesham 1388
• John Bromiard 1390
• John Stock 1374
• Simon Barnstone 1337
• Tho. Langford. 1320

Franciscans.

• Will. Folvil 1384
• John Wichingham 1362
• Reginald Langham 1410
• Vin. Coventriensis 1251
• Stephen Baron. 1520

Carmelites.

• Alan. de Lin 1420
• Dionys Holcan 1424
• Walter Diss 1404
• Walter Heston 1350
• Will. Beccle 1438
• Will. Bintree 1493
• Will. Blacvey 1490
• Will. Califord—
• Will. Cokisford 1380
• Will. de Sancta Fide 1372
• Will. Greene 1470
• Will. Harsick 1413
• Will. Lincoln 1360
• Will. Sarslet 1466
• Wil. Parcher 1470
• Hugh of St. Neots 1340
• Joh. Bampto 1341
• Jo. Baret 1556
• Jo. Beston 1428
• Jo. Clipston 1378
• Jo. Elin 1379
• Jo. Falsham 1348
• Jo. Hornby 1374
• Jo. Pascal 1361
• Jo. Repingal 1350
• Jo. Swaffam 1394
• Jo. Thorpe 1440
• Jo. Tilney 1430
• Jo. Wamsleet 1418
• Mart. Sculthorp 1430
• Nic. Cantilupe 1441
• Nic. Kenton 1468
• Nic. Swaffam 1449
• Pet. de Sancta Fide 145••
• Ralph Spalding 1390
• Rob. Ivorie 1392
• Tho. Hilley 1290
• Tho. Maldon 1404

These were bred in the aforesaid Houses in Cambridge, belonging to their Orders, untill graduated in Divinitie, and were afterwards dispersed into their respective Covents, all over England.

27. The Reader doth remember how above twenty yeares since, (viz. anno 1257) Hugh Balsham Subprior of Ely founded a Colledge without Trum∣pington-gate, consisting of two Hostles he had purchased and united. The same Hugh, now Bishop of Ely, removed the Secular Brethren from S^t Johns-Hospital in thea Jewry (where they and the Regulars agreed not very well) to this his new foundation. At which time he endowed the same with main∣tenance for one Master, fourteen Fellowes, two Bible-clerks, and eight poore Scho∣lars, whose number might be increased or diminished, according to the improvement or abatement of their revenues. He appointed his successors the Bishops of Ely to be honorary Patrones, yea nursing Fathers to this his in∣fant Colledge, who have well discharged their trust therein.

28. We know what the Historian saith, Omnia ferme principia sunt parva, Almost all beginnings are small, as here indeed they were. Alas, Balsham for a long time, was little able to endow a Colledge, as scarce sufficient to subsist of himself, whilst his election to Ely, (madeb without the Kings consent) was not yet confirmed. But no sooner had he any certainty for himself, but his Colledge had a share thereof, for he gave them all the rights and Tithes belonging to S^t Peters Church adjoyning, and by his Will bequeathed them three hundred Markes wherewith was bought and built a faire Hal, and Court, since much beautified and enlarged.

Masters.	Benefactors.	Bishops.	Learned Wri∣ters.	Livings in Col. gift.
1 Roger de la Goter, of S Botolphs, Master 1340. 2 Ralph de Holbech re∣signed his place, and resum'd a Fellowship 1349. 3 William de Whitlesey Archd. of Huntington, chosen Custos 1349. 4 Richard de wisbich, chosen Master 1351. 5 Thomas de Wormthall Canon of Sarū, Chan∣cellor of Ely 1381. He died the same year. 6 John de Newton, cho∣sen 1381. 7 Thomas de castro Ber∣hard. 8 John Holbrook. He dy∣ed 1431. 9 Thomas Lane 1457. 10 Thomas Deinman. 11 John Warkworth 1474 12 Henry Hornby 1417. 13 Jo. Edwunds. 14 Ralph Ainsworth. 15 Andrew Pern. 16 Robert Soame. 17 Jo. Richardson. 18 Tho Turner. 19 Leonard Maw. 20 Math. Wren. 21 John Cos••ns Dean of Peterborough. 22 Lazarus Seaman D. D.	Sim. Montagu Sim. Langham Joh. Fordbam Bishops of Ely. John Holbrook Thomas Lane Tho. Dryman Joh. Warkworth Will. Burgoin Henrie Hornbye John Edmunds Andrew Perne All Ma∣sters of the Col∣ledge. Ralph Walpool, Bishop of Norwich 1290, gave two Messuages in Cam∣bridge Mr. Thomas Packington. Will. Noyon Rector of Haddenbam. William Martin. Rob. Shorton. Edm Hanson. Rob. Gilbert. Mr. Skelton. Mrs. Elizabeth Wolfe. John Whitgift, Arch. of Cant. Edward Lord. NORTH. Robert Smith. Henry wilshaw. The Lady Mary Ramsey. Robert Warden. Thomas Warren. Mrs Margaret Dean. William Herne. Mr. Robert. Slade. Mr. John Blitb, late Fel∣low. Mrs. Frances Mathew Dr. John Ri∣chardson ...Dr. Haukings what gave 100 l. 100 l. 100 l. towards the building of a new Court, front, and Gate towards the street, now finished.	...c Williāde whit∣lesey third Ma∣ster of this Coll. Arch∣bishop of Can¦terbury. John de Botels∣ham Bishop of Rotchester Ma∣ster of this Col. John Whitgift Arch. of Can∣terbury, Fel∣low. Walter Curle Bi∣shop of Win∣chester, Fellow Matth. Wren Ma∣ster of this Coll. Bishop of Ely.	Roger Marshal well skild in Mathematicks whereof (saith Pitz in his Appendix) he wrote many Books, and collected more which he gave to the Library ...d George Joye, who flourished annò 1547 translated part of the Bible. Edw. Simmons, who wrote many good Treatises 1547	1 Cherry-Hinton Vicaridge in Ely Diocess, valued in the Kings Books at 9 l. 14 s. 6 d. 2 Ellington in the Diocess of Lincoln, a Vi∣catidge, valu∣ed at 6 l. 9 s. 3 Triplow Vic. in Ely Diocess valued 9 l. 4s. 2d. 4 St. Maries the less in Cam∣bridge valued 0l. 0s. 0d. 5 Statberne Rec. in Lincoln Dioc. valued 16l. 3s,

The Reader wil pardon the shortness of this out catalogue of Masters (not touching the top of the foundation by fifty yeers) which looks like the blunt Tower of a Steeple, whose spire or shaft hath been burnt down with lightning or broken with thunder, as indeed some such casualty hath caused this im∣perfection. For, in the year 1420, a sad fire consumed the muniments of this Colledge, which caused Caius to begin his list of Masters but at Thomas de castro Bernardi; and the six Seniors before him are recovered by the care of Mr. R.e Parker, out of Ely-Records. Yet this catalogue stil remaineth in∣complete (O that it were as easy to rectify as reprove faults!) guilty I am afraid, not onely of transposition in the order, but omission in the number thereof. For I have read, that John Botsham was admitted Master 14—yet he appears not in Caius, or any other printed Au∣thor.

29. Amongst the Benefactors many who onely gave plate, smal summs, and books, are for Brevity sake omitted, and not any slighting of their bounty for the smalness thereof. For if our Saviour beheld the Widow as the best be∣nefactor to the Corban (who endowed it only with two mites) and if a cup of cold water, (warm comfort to a thirsty Soul) shall receive its reward, surely such as give the cup also, deserve their due commendation, and shall have a requi∣ral

thereof. I have ordered some blank lines at the end of that Catalogue, as a reserve to register the bounty of posterity, which shall not complain that they are paper bound in my book, where room on purpose is left to enter their names, who shall be charitably disposed. I hope also that those void intervals and spaces in the List of Learned Writers, (which as so many open mouths invoke the industry of the Reader) wil have their emptiness filled by several mens observations, whose pens may at their leasure supply, what the Press hath left unperfect.

30. Know also I could have more particularly specified the value and place of Founders and Benefactors bounty (what land they gave, how much worth, where lying) but thought better to forbear, as ignorant in these dangerous dayes, what ill use might be made of my well intended en∣deavours.

31. Condemn not our Tautology if the same Bishop often recur in several Colledges, perchance Scholar of one, Fellow of another, Master of a third, because rather than I would wrong any House with the omission, I would right them all with the repetition of the same person. Such Bishops as passed through many Seas successively, are for shortness entitled only from the last and highest dignity.

32. To return to Peter-house; I cannot but commend one peculiar practise of this Colledge, which in their Parlour preserveth the Pictures of all their principall Benefactors. For although the bounty of the Judicious is grounded on more solid motives, than to be flattered thereinto by the fancy that their Effigies shall be kept, yet such an ingenuous Memoriall may be an encouragement to a Patrons Liberality. Besides, under such Pi∣ctures a Distich commonly is written, and I will instance in one of the latest date.

Haeredem voluit SLADUS conscribere PETRUM, Clauderet extremum ne sine prole diem.

SLADE, PETER chose, and for his Heir assign'd him; Lest he should die, and leave no Child behinde him.

At this day the Colledge maintaineth one Master, nineteen Fellowes, twenty nine Bible-clerks, eight poor Scholars, besides other officers and Students amounting lately (viz. anno 1634) to an hundred and six.

33. We Cambridge men behold this Colledge as the first foundation endowed in England, which our corrivals at Oxford wil not allow. For I finde it inscribed in Rotchester Church, on the monument of Walter de Merton; that the Colledge by him founded and named, is the example of all in that kinde.t M^r Gamden in his description of Oxford affirmeth, that Ballol and Merton Colledges therein, are the two first endowed for Students in Christendome. And some alledge that Merton Colledge must needs be the Mother, and Peter house but the Daughter, because Sp••on de Montagu Bishop of Ely, did prescribe the Statutes of Merton to be observed by the Students of Peter∣house.

34. All this scarce moveth, nothing removeth us from our former O∣pinion, being almost as confident of the Seniority of Peter-house before all other Colledges, as Romanists are of the Priority of St. Peter before the rest of the Apostles. And first, as for the inscription in Rotchester, both it and Mertons Monument are modern, as set up by S^t Henery Savil, anno 1598. That passage of the great Antiquary is only extant in the English translation, not Latin Britannia, and so may justly seem to have more of Philemon Holland, than William Ca••den therein. It is confest that Simon Montagu, (the 17 Bishop

of Ely) more then sixty yeares after Balsha••s death, enjoyned our Petreans the observation of Merton Colledge Statutes, (finding them more convenient than such which their Founder had left them.) But this makes nothing to the matter of most antiquity, the point in controversy. In requitall of this eurresie, if Cambridge hath ought, the imitation whereof, may be acceptable to Oxford, she is right glad for the welcome occasion, as lately Oxford in choise of her Procters hath conformed herself to Cambridge custome by way of a Circular Combination of Colledges, as a Course most quiet, and freest from faction.

35. The Crisis of the Controversie depends, (if I mistake not) on the clearing of the different dates of Peter-house its foundation, and comparing it with others.

Peter-house first founded 1257. the 41 of Hen. the third by Sub prior Hugh Balsham.

Peter house first endowed 1282 the 11 of Edw. the first, by Hugh•••• Balsham Bishop of Ely.

Baliol first foun∣ded and endow∣ed 1262, the 46 of Hen. the 3. by John Baliol.

Merton Col. first founded and en∣dowed 1274, the 2 of Edward the 1, by Walter Merton Bishop of Rot.

The unpartial result is this, Peter house was founded before any, but endowed (by the same founder) after two Colledges in Oxford. Yet because in such doubtfull Casts, it is good reason Cambridge should measure to her own most advantage; we may safely say that Peter-house is the first Colledge endowed, though not the first endowed Colledge in England, and by consequence in Chri∣stendime.

36. The Students of Peter-house performed their Divine service, since their first foundation, in three severall places; namely,

• In
  • 1. St. Peters Church adjoyning, which fell down to the ground, a∣bout the year 1350.
  • 2. The Church of Beata Maria de Gratia (commonly called little St. Maries) whence the Colledge also is so called and written for some hundreds of yeares, hardly recovering its own name.
  • 3. A beautifull new Chappell consecrated March the 17. anno 1632.

A thousand pounds were spent in the building thereof, and the Contribu∣ters names affixed in a Catalogue therein.

Hitherto we have had but a disultory and incertain succession of Chancellors, but henceforward we may presume on more assurance herein.

Andrew de Gisleham, Chancellor. A benefactor to the Universitie.

Thomas Shermingham, Chancellor. He defended the rights of the Univer∣sitie against the Prior of Barnwell.

Stephanns de Hepworth, Chancellor.

Ralph de Lecester, Chancellor. No good blood betwixt him and the Uni∣versitie about the distinction of seates.

Galfridus de Pakenham, Chancellor. He first paved the Town, towards the doing whereof, King Edward granted him to take the toll of Cambridge for six years.

The Church of St. Maries was this year much defaced with fire. At what time the Jews, (whom I will not accuse as the causers thereof) were forced to forsake the Towne, where they had a great Synagogue.

Henry de Boyton, Chancellor. He stoutlyg defended the right of the Uni∣versity, for thirty acres of ground and four Messuages in Cambridge, which Roger de Beddingfield gave for ever to the Master and Scholars, to defend their State and priviledges.

The King came this year to Cambridge, and lodged two days in the Castle.

It was ordered that the Chancellor should not imprison or banish any Re∣gent without the consent of the Regent house, nor should he omit the same if they so appointed it.

A contest betwixt the Chancellor and the other Doctors, is compoun∣ded before the Officiall of the Bishop of Ely.

• John de Bradenham, Chancellor.
• Thomas de Sheringham, Chancellor.
• Stephen de Hebworth, Chancellor.
• Stephen de Haselfield, Chancellor.

The King granted, by his Charter, that Scholars might summon Towns men to appear before the Chancellor, in any personall actions.

A braul began betwixt the University men on the one side, the Domini∣cans and Franciscans on the other. This increased from words to violence; and Stephen the Chancellor, as a valiant Champion, thundered his excom∣munications both generall and speciall (whereby his Episcopall power plainly appeareth) against the Friers; yea two of the most active of them, Nicholas de Dale, and Adam de Hoddon, seem to be expelled the University. Hereupon the Friers appeale to the Pope of Rome, and both parties ap∣pointed their Proctors to solicite their Suit.

For the University.	For the Dominicans.	For the Franciscans
Stephen de Segrave. Thomas Kyningham.	John de Westerpeld. Peter de Ruda.	Richard Lisle. John of Ipswich.

But taking wit in their way, considering the costliness of that Court, and the long journey thither, they remitted the matter at Burdeaux to Thomas Cardinall of St. Sabine, who accorded them on the followingb conditions.

• 1. That the Chancellor of Cambridge should retract his excom∣munications in the same place wherein they were denounced.
• 2. That no act of the Regent-house should extend to derogate from the rights of the Friers.
• 3. That though by the statutes of the University onely the Chan∣cellor (or some by him assigned) were to preach on the first Advent, Septuagesima and Ash-wednesday, yet nevertheless the Friers might freely preach the same dayes and hours in their own Covenrs.
• 4. That Frier Nicholas de Dale and Adam de Hoddon, if pleased to reassume their places in the University, should quietly be admitted, and should have their remedy against such who had offered violence unto them, as in such cases is usual against the disturbers of the peace.
• 5. That whereas all Bachelors inceptors in Divinity, are bound by the statutes to preach ad clerum in St. Maries; the aforesaid Friers might preach such Sermons in their own Covents, first ac∣quainting the Chancellor with the day they chose for the same.

Some conceive this was a drawn Battel betwixt them, whilest others apprehend that the Friers finding the most favor, came off Conquerors, as keeping the field, and making good their ground in this contention.

Stephen de Segrave, Chancellor, in whose absence Richard de Ashton, was his substitute.

• Stephen de Haselfield, Chancellor.
• Richard de Ashton, Chancellor.

John the 21. Pope of Rome at the request of King Edward the 2. granted the ensuing Bull to the University, which the reader is requested seriously to peruse; the sense whereof is the subject of some difference betwixt us and Oxford.

Joannes Episcopus servus servorum Dei, dilectis filiis Universitatis Cantabrigiae El••ensis Dioecesis salutem, & Apostolican benedictionem. Inter singula, quae grat â nos oblectatione letificant, grandi cor nostrum refi∣citur gaudio, & latitia exultat exoptata, cum cos qui coelesti sunt providentiâ praediti, ad populorū regimen & regnorū, ad cōmunem subjectorum, suorum profectum intentos aspicimus ipsos{que} ad publice utilitatis bonum solicitos in∣tuemur: sane charissimus in Christo filius noster, Edwardus Rex Angliae prudenter attendens, quòd multitudo sapientum salue est regnorum, quod∣que non minùs prudentum consilio, quàm fortium strenuitate virorum, re∣gentium & regnorum moderamina disponaniur, apud Cantabrigiam, Eli∣ensis Dioecesis locum; in regno suo multis commoditatibus praeditum, & in∣signem desiderat vigere studium generale, & quod à doctoribus & docendis in posterum frequentetur, humiliter postulavit à nobis ut studium ab olim ibi or dinatum, & privilegia à Romanis Pontificibus praedecessoribus nostris vel Regibus qui fuerint pro tempore eidem concessa, Apostolico curemus mu∣nimine reborare. Nos igitur suae intentionis propositum, dignis in Domino laudibus commendantes, ejusque supplicationibus inclinati, Apostolica au∣thoritate statuimus, ut in praedicto loco Cantabrigiae sit de caetero studium generale. Volentes autoritate praedicta & etiam decernentes, quòd Colle∣giam Magistorum & Scholorium ejusdem studii, Universitas sit censenda, & omnibus juribus gaudeat, quibus gaudere potest, & debet, Universit as quaecunque legitimè ordinata. Caeterum omnia privilegia & indulta prae∣dicto studio, rationabiliter à Pontifici••us & Regibus praedict is concessa, au∣toritate praedicta confirmamus. Nulli igitur omnino liceat han•• paginam nostri statuti, voluntatis, constitutionis, & confirmationis infringere, vel ausu temerario contraire: si quis autem hoc attemptare praesumserit, indi∣gnationem omnipotentis Dei, & beatorū Petri & Pauli Apostolorum, nove∣rit se incursurum. Dat. Avinionae 5 idus Julii, Pontificatus nostri anno 2.

This year, according to the computation of Helvicus, falls out to be the year of out Lord 1317, and the eleventh of the reign of King Edward the second, though, to gratifie the Oxford Antiquary, we havehere followed his account in our marginal Chronologie.

37. Now let none conceive Cambridge (long since the mother of many chil∣dren) now but new born, herself an University, from the date of this Papal Instru∣ment. A mistake of many, alledging for the defence of their Error, that other∣wise it were ridiculous, for our King to request, and the Pope to confer on Cam∣bridge what she had already: adding moreover, that the phrase de caetero, for the time to come, implyeth, that de praeterito, for the time past, Cambridge was no Uni∣versity. But let such know, that in this Bull Cambridge is confessed a place for Students time out of mind, or (to use the Popes Latin) ab olim; where olim (a word of indefinite extent) is not made the measure of the antiquity of Cambridge, but (which is more) is onely the terminus à quo, whence her duration in her lear∣ned capacity is dated. This Bull also relateth to ancient priviledges of Popes and Princes, bestowed upon her; which herein are roborated and confirmed.

37. Know also that Studium and Universitas are Synonymaes, though the lat∣ter the more fashionable word in this age. Nor is it any news for Popes offi∣ciously to court Kings for their own ends, with cheap curtesies, by granting what in effect was given before, and varnishing over their Predecessors old Acts, with new specious expressions. We have plainly proved, out of plen∣tifull Records in the Tower, Cambridge called an University in the Kings Char∣ters more than seventy years before, and so no doubt before the Conquest, though that her title, in the troublesome times of war, had been disturbed and interrupted. As therefore the seniority of Scholars, who have long disconti∣nued, is justly reckoned, not from their return to the Colledge, but from their first admission therein: so the University-ship of Cambridge, is to be accoun∣ted

from her original constitution, not this her late confirmation.

38. Nor are we much moved with what is alledged in this point out of Ro∣bert Remington, and take the words asg Twyn, the Oxford Antiquary doth managethem the most for his own advantage.

Regnante Edwardo primo (secundo diceret) de Studio Grant-bridge fa∣cta est Universitas, sicat est Oxonium, per curiam Romanam. In the reign of Edward the first (he should have said Edward the second) Cambridge was made an University, even as Oxford, by the Court of Rome.

See we here Remington mistakes even by his confession who citeth him in his own behalf. Now he who faults in one thing, may even fail in another. He that mistook Edward the first for Edward the second, may, by as easie an er∣rour, mistake FACTA for REFECTA, the Institution for the Restitution of Cambridge.

Roger de Northburge, Chancellor. He obtained Licence from the King, that the University might purchase Advouzancesh of Spiritual livings, to the value of fourty pounds per annum. Indeed King Edward was courteous to Cambridge, wherein he maintained thirty two Scholars on his own cost, in∣tending to build Kings Hall, which his Son and Successor did perform.

39. Hervens [falsly in some copies Henricus] de Stanton, Clerk, Canon of Yorke and Wells, Rector of East-Deiram and North-Creik in Northfolk, Chan∣cellor of the Exchequer to King Edward the second, flourished now in great wealth and esteem. Let none envy him his pluralities, who so well imployed the profits thereof, and this year founded a Colledge, following the example of Hugh de Balsham, but dedicating it to St. Michael the chief of Angels, as the other had consecrated his to St. Peter, the prime of Apostles.

Masters.	Benefactors.	Bishops.	Learned Writers.	Livings in Coll. gift.
1 Roger Burton, B. D. 2 Mr. Robs, aliàs Roob. 3 Mr. Thomas Kenningham. 4 Mr. John Rym∣pham. 5 Mr. Richard Langley. 6 Mr. William Gotham. 7 Mr. William Colvill. 8 Mr. Henry Cranby. 9 Mr. John Otte∣ringham. 10 Mr. William Ascough. 11 Edward Story. 12 John Yotten. 13 John Foothead. 14 Tho. Slackhous 15 Nichol. Willian. 16 Francis Mal∣let, Chaplain to Queen Mary.	1 Alexand. Wal∣sham Knight, Hei•• to Hervey the Founder. 2 Walter de Wa∣ney. 3 John Ilvey Knight, a grand Benefactor. 4 William Gotham 5 John Turke. 6 Henry Craby.	1 William Ays∣cough, Bishop of Sarisbury. 2 Edward Story, Bishop of Chi∣chester. 3 John Fisheri, Bishop of Rot∣chester.	John Fisher.	1 Barington Vic. in Ely Diocess, valued 7 l. 14 s. 4 d. 2 Gronshurge in the Diocess of Norwich, va∣lued. 3 Orwel Rect. in Ely Dioc. 19 l. 7 s. 7 d. 10 b.

At this day Michael-house is included in Trinity Colledge, so called, not onely because dedicated to God, One in three Persons, but also because made by King Henry the eighth, One of three Colledges, whereof (God willing) large∣ly hereafter.

Richard Badew, Chancellor.

40. He bought two Tenements in Miln street of Neile Thornton a Physiti∣an, and on that ground built a small Colledge, by the name of University Hall, placing a Principall therein, under whom Scholars lived on their own ex∣pences. This Richard Badew was of a Knightly Family, born at great Badew, nigh Chelmesford in Essex, & imployed all his estate to the advancement of learning.

Sixteen years did Students continue in University Hall on their own changes? but a casual fire reduced their House to ashes. Here by way whosoe∣ver shall consider in both Universities the ill contrivance of many chimnies, hol∣lowness of hearths, shallowness of tunnels, carelesness of coals and candles, catch∣ingness of Papers, narrowness of studies, late reading and long watching of Scho∣lars, cannot but conclude, that an especial Providence preserveth those places. How small a matter hath sometimes made a partition betwixt the fire and the fuel? Thus an hai••s breadth fixed by a divine-finger, shall prove as effectuall a separation from danger, as a miles distance. And although both Universities have had sad accidents in this kind, yet neither in number or nature (since the Reformation) so destructive as in other places: so that, blessed be God, they have been rather seare-fires than hurt-fires unto them.

41. But to return to Mr. Badew, who sadly beholding the ruins of his Hall, perceived that the rebuilding thereof was a work too weighty for himself (though a Man of worship) so that some person of honor must undertake it. And here happily a worthy Lady presents her self, Elizabeth third sister and co∣heir of Gilbert Earl of Clare, wife of John de Burge, Lord of Conaugh, and mo∣ther to William de Burge, last Earl of Ulster, who built it again of her own pro∣per cost, endowed and called it Clare-Hall.

Masters.	Benefactors.	Bishops.	Learned Wri∣ters.	Living in Col. gift.
1 Walter Thaxted▪ 2 Ralph Kerding tō 3 John Dunwich. 4 John Chatteress. 5 Will Radwinter. 6 Will. Wimble. k 7 Will. Wilfleet. 8 Will. Millington 9 Thomas Stoyl. 10 Richard Stubs. 11 Gabriel Silve∣ster. 12 Will. Woodhous 13 Edm. Naturess 14 John Crayford. 15 Rowl. Swiborn. 16 John Madew. 17 Thomas Barly. 18 Edmund Leeds 19 Thomas Binge. 20 William Smith 21 Robert Scot. 22 Thomas Pask. 23 Dr. Ralph Cudworth. 24 Theophilus Dillingham.	John Thaxto. Eaith Green. William Ducket. Will. Worleigh. Will. Marshall. Ralph Srivemar. Tho. Cave. Dr. Stoyl Natu∣ress Leeds Scot Ma∣sters of this Hall. Thomas Cecil E. of Exeter, and his Lady Doro∣thy, who gave 108 l. per an∣num in very good rent. William Butler. John Freeman Esq who gave 2000 l. George Ruggle Fellow of the Colledge. Hee gave in money and Plate a∣bove 400 l. Sir Robert Heath. Mr. Thom. Binge. Humsrey Hide. Rob. Johnson Esq Mr. Eras. Farrar Will. Briden. Tho. Croply.	Nicholas Heath Archbishop of York. Augustine Lynsel Bishop of He∣reford.	John Bois, Dean of Canterbury, writer of the learned Postils. Richard Tompson. Augustine Lynsel, He set forth (when Bishop of Peterbo∣rough) Theophy∣lact in Greek (never before in print) on all St. Pauls Epi∣stles.	1 Lillington Vic. in Ely Diocess valued 5 l. 19 s. 9 d. 2 Everton Vic. in Lincoln Dioc. valued 5 l. 13 s. 8 d. 3 Gransden Vic. Lincoln Dio∣cess valued 3 l. 7 s. 2 d.

So that lately, (viz. anno 1634.) therein were maintained one Master, eighteen Fellowes, thirty six Scholars beside Officers and Servants of the Foun∣dation, and other Students, the whole number being an hundred and six.

It were presumption in me to disturb this method of Masters, agreed on by D^r. Caius, M^r. Parker and others. Otherwise I would prepose Millington (first Provost afterwards of Kings in the reign of King Henry the sixth) be∣fore Wilflete Master under King Richard the third. I would also set Swinhorn, both before and after Madew.

Swinbornum Madew sequitur, Madewque vicissim Swinbornum; sortes versat utrinque Deus.

For it appeareth in M^r. Fox, that after Madew his expulsion for being maried, Swinborn succeeded him.

42. I have read how Richard the third pretended himself descended from the Foundress of this Hall, (which I account of more truth, then his claim and title to the English Crown) and on that consideration, tyrannidi suae fucatum literaruml patrocinium mendaci fronte obtendens, faith my Author, He chal∣lenged the Patronage of this Hall (when William Wilflete was Master) to him∣self: But if no better Patrone to this House than Protector to his own Nephews, his courtesy might wel have bin spared. And because I find him omitted in Scots last Tables (drawn up no doubt by the consent of this Colledge) amongst the benefactors, I suspect this his fact as a flourish (at which Art he was excel∣lent) rather than any real favour to this foundation.

43. Long was it ere this Hal got a Chappel to it self, (viz. til the year 1535.) al which time possibly they did their publick devotions in that Ile of S^t. Edwards Church, wherein anciently their Masters and Fellowes were in∣terred.

44. This CLARE-Hall was also called Solere Hall in the daies of Chaucer, as our Antiquarym hath observed.

And namely there was a great College Men depen it the Solers hall of Cambrege.n

Some will say, And whence termed Solere Hal? Was it not from Solarium, which in the Latin of that Age signified a fair and light chamber? or is it not mistaken in pronouncing and printing for Scoller-Hall as otherwhiles it is wri∣ten? But the matter is not much, and who so seekes a reason of all proper names of places, may seek it.

45. This aged Hal, grown very ruinous, was lately taken down and reedi∣fied by the bounty of severall benefactors. M^r. Barnabas Oly, late Fellow of this House, and Proctor of the University, may truly be termed Master of the fabrick, so industrious and judicious was he in overseeing the same. Nor was he like the foolish builder that could not, but the unhappy that might not, finish his work, being outed the Colledge, on the account of the Covenant. Had this structure been perfected according to the first designe, no fault could have been found therewith, except that the brightnes and beauty thereof, should make the blear eyes of our envyous Age to smart, much grudging at the de∣cency, more at the magnificence of the Muses. Yet I cannot beleeve, what I read, that three or four hundred pounds worth of timber, brought hither for the repaire of this Hal, was lately taken away. Yea had I seen it, I would not have beleeved mine own eyes, but rather suspected my sight, that some requisit to right sensation was wanting in me, and the fault either in the organ, medium, object or undue distance thereof.

Themas de Foxton Chancellor, Doctor of the Lawes.

John de Langley Chancellor, Doctor of Divinity.

John de Shipeden Proctor.

Thomas de Bucknam Proctor.

46. KING EDWARD THE THIRD, understanding it was his Fathers intention to erect a Colledge in Cambridge, in order whereunto, he had for some years maintained 32 Scholars in the University (occasioning the mis∣take of John Rouse, reporting he built a Colledge therein) laid the founda∣tion of KINGS HALL, out of some remorse, that he had consented to the death of so affectionate a Father: As one so transported with the news of the birth of his son, that he gave to one John Langer a Knight three hundred pounds pro primo rumore, quem idem Johannes tulit Edvardo secundo, de nativi∣tate filii sui, with a pension paid unto him manya yeers after.

Masters.	Benefactors.	Bishops.	Learned Wri∣ters.	Coll. Livings.
1 Mr. Tho. Powis. 2 Mr. Tho. Hetor∣set. 3 Mr. Radulph Selbie. 4 Mr. Ric. Dear∣ham. 5 Mr. Jo. Stone. 6 Mr. Ric. Holmes 7 Mr. Rob. Fitz∣bugh. 8 Mr. Ric. Caw∣drey. 9 Mr. Rob. As∣cough. 10 Mr. Ric. Li∣strope. 11 Mr. Hen. Booste. 12 Mr. Rich. le Scroope. 13 Mr. Galfr Blyth.	K. Rich. 2. gave 53 l. yearly, out of the mannor of Chester∣ton, &c. in lieu of so much they for∣merly received out of the Exchequer with much trouble, and over and above, 70 yearly out of the pensions of severall Abbeys. K. Henry the fourth gave them leave to pluck down the stately Hall in Cam∣bridge Castle, there∣with to build their Chappell. K. Hen. 6. gave them 120 volumes, and freed them from all accounting in the Exchequer. K. Edw. 4. gave them 8 marks to be pay∣ed by the Sheriff of Cambridge-shire yearly, thereby to buy two Robes.	Robert Fitzhugh Bishop of London 1431.		Felmersham Vic. Linc. Dioc. va∣lued at 13 l. 13 s. 4 d. Henclesham Nor∣wich Dioc.— Grindon Vic. Pe∣terb. Dioc. va∣lued at 8 l. St. Mary Cant. Ely Dioc.— Chesterton Vic. Ely Dioc. va∣lued at 10 l. 12 s. 3.

I had put Pope Eugenius the fourth in the catalogue of Benefactors to this Hall, till I discovered his bounty resolved into a point of revenge: For (at the instance of King Henry the sixth) he possessed on this Hall of the Rectory of Chesterton, nigh Cambridge, formerly ingrossed (as many other English Be∣nefices in that age) by an Alien, William Bishop of Millain, from whom the Popeb extorted it, because he sided against him with Amadeus Duke of Savoy (aliàs Pope Felix the fift) in the Councill of Basill.

47. This Hall then surpassed any Colledge in the University, in a three-fold respect.

• 1. For building, being of such receipt, that it could entertain the Kings Court, without disturbance to the Students.
• 2. For lands, though not effectually endowed by King Edward, till about the end of his reign, for the maintenance of one Custos and thirty three Scholars under him.
• ...

• 3. For learning, many grave Seniors residing therein; so that this house was accountedc Oraculum Academiae.

The greater therefore our grief, that for want of intelligence (all the Re∣cords of this Hall being lost) our columne for learned Writers standeth so empty herein. This Hall at this day is united with others in Trinity Colledge, on the North-gate whereof standeth the stately statue of King Edward the third in Armor.

48. We must not forget how the Master and Fellows of this House were complained of, that they did Epicure it in daily exceedings, as indeed where should men fare well, if not in a Kings Hall? Hereupon they of their own ac∣cord petitioned King Henry the fourth, that they might be stinted, not to ex∣ceed weeklyd eighteen, or at the highest twenty pence in their commons; the last two pence being allowed them onely in case of dearness of victuals and festival solemnities.

49. This House had one peculiar happiness, being of Royall descent of both sides, I mean founded by King Edward the third, the founder of the two houses of York and Lancaster, both deriving themselves from his body. Hence it was that during the Civil warres, it found favour from the Kings of both lines: Whereas afterwards such Colledges which were, as I may say, but of the half blood, built either by some Prince of Lancaster or York, felt in process of time the anger of the one, because of the love of the other: Queens Colledge may be partly, and Kings Colledge too plainly a pregnant instance thereof.

50. Nor was King Edward bountifull to this Hall alone, but a great be∣nefactor to the whole University, on which he conferred priviledges, where∣of these the principal.

• 1. The Maior of the Town should make essay of the bread (whether the weight according to statute) as oft as the Vice-Chancellor should require him.
• 2. That the Chancellor should receive the oathes of the Maior, Baylifs, and Aldermen.
• 3. The Licence should be given to the University to appropriate any Church thereunto of 40. l. yearly revenue.
• 4. That the Chancellor should not be disquieted for the imprisoning of such offenders which he conceived deserving the same.
• 5. That such who imprisoned by the Vice-Chancellor should not be set free by the Kings writ.
• 6. That Masters of Arts should not be cited out of the University into the Court of Christianity.
• 7. That the Chancellor should take cognizance of all causes wherein Scho∣lars were concerned, these of Maime and Felonies only excepted.

Many immunities of lesser consequence did this King bestow on Cam∣bridge, here too redious to be repeated, largely exemplified and carefully preserved in the University Muniments.

Robert de Milden-Hall, D^r. of Divinitie, Chancellor.

Henrie de Herwarden, D^r. of Law, Chancellor.

Richard de Harling, D^r. of Law, Chancellor.

Robert de Lung, Chancellor.

51. William, Marquess of Juliers, is created by King Edward the third, the fourth Earle of Cambridge, accounting this lesse honour, no degradation, but advancement unto him: nor the motion retrogade from a Germane Marquesse, to an English Earle, whilest graced with the title of so famous an University. And this stil justifies our former observation, that (the first Earle alone excepted) none were dignified with the title of Cambridge, but either forain free Princes, or some neerly allied to the Royall blood of England.

52. This yeer John Earl of Hanault brother to Queen Philippa, wise to King Edward the third, was created the fifth Earl of Cambridge: And here may the Reader take notice that I meet with a difference in Authors. Some ma∣king this John first Earl of Cambridge: On whose forfeiture thereof (for his siding with the French King) King Edward conferred the same on William the foresaid Marquess of Juliers. Others make the said Marquess Earl of Cam∣bridge, before John Earl of Hanault was graced with the Title. All agree that both were Earls thereof; and the transposition of them is no whit ma∣teriall to our History of the University.

53. Mary de Saint Paul daughter to Guido Castillion Earle of Saint Paul in France, third wife to Audomare de Valentia Earle of Pembroke, maide, wife, and widow all in a day (her husband being unhappily stain at a tilting at her nuptials) sequestred herself on that sad accident from all worldly delights, bequeathed her soul to God, and her estate to pious uses, amongst which this a principall, that she founded in Cambridge the Colledge of Mary de Valen∣tia commonly called Pembroke Hall. She survived the death of her husband forty two yeares, and died full of dayes, and good deeds. A hall afterwards much augmented by the benefaction of others.

Masters.	Benefactors.	Bishops.	Learned Wri∣ters.	Coll. Livings.
1. Tho. de Bingham. 2 Robert de Thorp. 3 Rich de Morris. 4 John Tinmew. 5 John Sudbury. 6 John Langton. 7 Hugh Dainlet. 8 Laurence Booth. 9 Tho. Rotheram. 10 George Fitzbugh 11 Roger Leyburne. 12 Rich. Fox. 13 Robert Shirton. 14 Rob. Swinburne. 15 George Folburie. 16 Nich. Ridley. 17 John Young. 18 Edmond Grin∣dall. 19 Matth. Hutton. 20 John Whitgift. 21 John Young. 22 Wil. Fulk. 23 Lanc. Andrews. 24 Sam. Harsenet. 25 Nich. Felton. 26 Jerom Beale. 27 Benjamin Laney. 28 Rich. Vines. 29 Sidrach Simson.	1 Henry the sixth 2 Edward Story. 3 Gerhard Ship∣with. 4 Nicholas 5 Dr. Atkinson. 6 William Hussy, Knight. 7 Charles Booth. 8 Roger Strange, Knight. 9 Dr. Wats. 10 Wil. Marshall 11 Will. Smart 12 Alice 13 Jane Cox Wi∣dow. 14 John Langton 15 Laur. Booth. 16 Thomas Scot, aliàs Rotheram 17 Rich. Fox. 18 Dr. Shorton. 19 Edmond Grin∣dall. 20 John Whitgift. 21 Will. Fulk. 22 Lancelot An∣drews.	1 Will. Bottlesham Rot. 2 Will. Linwoode, S. Da. 3 John Langton, St. Da. 4 Laur. Booth, York. 5 Tho Rotheram, York 6 Edward Story, Cich. 7 Tho. Langton, Wint. 8 Rich. Foxe, Wint. 9 Will. Smith, Linc. 10 Rog. Layburne, Car. 11 Nich. Ridley, Lon. 12 John Christopherson Chichester. 13 Edmond Grindall, Cant. 14 John Young, Rot. 15 Matth. Hutton, York. 16 John Whitgift, Cant. 17 Tho. Dove, Peterb. 18 Joh. Bridges, Oxford. 19 Lancelot Andrews, Winton. 20 Sam. Harsenet, York 21 Theophilus Field, St. Dav. 22 Nich. Felton, Ely. 23 Matth. Wren. Ely. 14 Rog. Dod 25 Randolph Barlow, Bishops in Ireland.	1 Wil. Linwoode, famous for his writing the Pro¦vincial consti∣tutions of Can∣terbury. 2 John Somerset, Dr. of Physick to King Henry the sixth. 3 John Thix stille, whose 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 carried it in ••y Schools. 4 John Rogers, the first. 5 Nicholas Rid∣ley, the most learned; 6 John Bradford, the hardiest Martyr under Queen Mary. 7 Will. Fulke, who so learned∣ly confuted the Rhemish Testament. Not to repeat these many worthy Bishops, besides many other Writers since unknown unto me. 8 Edmund Spencer, prime of English Poets.	Tilney Vic. in Norv. Dioc. valued at 30 l. Soham Vic. in Norv. Dioc. valued 32 l. 16 s. Overton R. in Linc. Dioc. valued— Saxthorp Vic. in Norv. Dioc. valu∣ed 4 l. 13 s. 4 d. Rawreth R. in Lond. Dioc. valued 20 l. 13 s. 4 d. Waresley Vic. in Linc. Di∣oc.—

Wherein there is, at this present, a Master, nineteen Fellows, one Tanquam, thirty three Scholars of the house, besides officers and servants of the foun∣dation, with other Students, the whole number being 100.

54. The aforesaid Mary de Valentia founded also Denny Abbey nigh Cam∣bridge, richly endowed, and filled it with Nuns, whom she removed from Water-Beach. She enjoyed also her Fellows of Pembrook Hall, to visit those Nuns, and give them ghostly counsel on just occasion; who may be presumed (having not only a fair invitation, but full injunction) that they were not

wanting both in their courteous and conscientious addresses unto them.

54. Amongst the ancient plate of this Hall, two peeces are most remark∣able: one silver and gilt, of the Foundresses (produced on Festivals) who be∣ing of French extraction, was much devoted to their tutelar Saint, witness this inscription, as I remember it:

Saint Dionyse is my deer, Wherefore be merry and make good cheer.

The other, very like the former, weighing 67 ounces, the gift of Thomas Langton, Bishop of Winton. with this insculption. Thomas Langton Winton. Episcopus Aulae Pembrochianae olim socius, dedit hanctassiam coopertam eidem Aulae 1497. Qui alienaret, Anathema sit.

55. King Henry the sixth was so great a favorer of this House, that it was termed his adopted Daughter (Kings Coll. onely, being accounted his naturall sonne) and great were his benefactions bestowed thereon. But above all we take notice of that passage in his Charter granting (repeated in another of King Edwards confirming) lands to this House.

Notabile & insigne, & quàm pretiosum Collegium, quod inter omniae loca Universitatis (prout certitudinaliter informamur) mirabiliter splendit & sempter resplenduit.

Now although it is frequent for inferiors to flatter their superiors, it is seldome seen, that Subjects are praised by their Soveraigns without due cause, as this doth appear true to such who seriously peruse our foregoing Catalogue. And though the commendation in the Kings Charter, be confined to Cam∣bridge; yet may it be extended to any Colledge in Christendom of the same proportion, for Students therein. I say (as the Apostle in another kinde) that there may be an equality, let Prembroke Hall be compared with any foundation in Europe, not exceeding it in bigness, time, and number of Members, and it will acquit it self not conquered in all learned and liberal capacities.

56. Amongst the Masters of this Hall, Robert de Thorp, the second in num∣ber, was, in the thirtieth year of King Edward the third, Lord chief Justice of the Common-Pleas, which place he held thirteen years, till 1371, when he was made Lord Chancellor of England. His Executors anno 1375, gave fourty marks apiece to every Colledge in Cambridge (then eight in number) out of his own estate; who in his life time began the publique-Schools, as we shall shew hereafter.

57. Amidst the Benefactors, Thomas Watts, Doctor of Divinity, and Arch∣deacon of Middlesex, gave certain Farmes in Ashwell and Sauston, for the main∣tenance of 7 Scholars, by the name of Greek-Scholars, Lancelot Andrews was one of his foundation: Who at this day is neither indebted to this House in general, to which he gave (besides plate, three hundred folio-books, &c.) one thousand pounds for two Fellowships: Nor to the memorie of Dr. Watts in particular, whose poor kindred he afterward sought after, found out, and relieved (shall I say?) or rewarded.

58. Nor must Reynere de Aubeney and Robert de Stanton, both first fellows of this Colledge, be forgotten amongst the Benefactors, being employed as Procurators at Rome, to Pope Innocent the sixth, to obtain the Appropria∣tion of some Rectorles, the Patronage whereof, the Foundress had conferred on the Colledge. In which service (well forwarded, but not finished by them) they there ended their lives; and in gratitude to their memories, a Statute was made in the Colledge, that their obsequies should yearly be kept in the moneth of July.

And now we take our farewell of this Hall, when we have remembred how Queen Elizabeth, passing by the same in her progress to Cambridge 1566, saluted it with this expression, O Domus antiqu•• & religios••! O ancient and re∣ligious House!

Notes

• Anno Regis Hen. 3 50
• Anno Dom. 1265
• The Kings in∣tentions to for∣tify Cambridge
• Ditch made: Walls meant.
• q

  Liber Barn∣wellens. Poly∣dor. Virgil. & Leland.
• Cambridge plundered on the Kings de∣parture.
• 53
• 1269
• Necton first Carmelite Dr. ••n Divinity.
• k

  Aliter; c••le∣bremu•• opimis.
• Anno Dom. 1269
• Anno Regis Hen. 3. 53
• Why Carme∣lites at first would not Commence.
• l

  See weavers funeral Monu∣ments.
• Necton first breaks the ice, and others fol∣low in his track
• m

  Brian Twine Apolog. Acad. Ox. lib. 3. pag. 374.
• Oxfords Anti-quary justly taxed.
• P••t••us Blesen∣sis to be belie∣ved before Bri∣an Twine.
• n

  In appendice ad Irgu••phu•• Crowla•• densem
• Anno Regis Hen. 3. 54 July 24
• Anno Dom. 1270
• r

  Ex Rot••lo pa¦tentium de anno 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Reg•• Hen∣rici 〈◊〉〈◊〉 nu∣••ne••o 330 in T••••re London.
• Prince Ed∣ward ordereth an agreement between the Scholars and Townsmen.
• No Uuniversity as yet in Scot∣land and Ire∣land.
• Cambridge re∣ceives all Countries.
• s

  Lib. 3. pag 270.
• 1276
• Edward the first 4
• A composition betwixt the University of Cambridge, and Archdeacon of Ely.
• Anno Dom. 1276
• Anno Regis Edw 1. 4
• a

  Extant in an old book of the A••chdeacons of Elie, now in the possession of my worthy friend that ju∣dicious Anti∣quary Mr. ••ore, late fol∣low of Caius Coll. who, for me, kindly transcribed and faithfully com∣pared it.
• University equivo••al.
• b

  Camden in Oxfordshire, p. 38.
• The Officers thereof.
• Quaere, what meant by Ma∣gister Glome∣riae.
• c

  Hist. Cantab. lib. 2. pag. 124
• d

  Hist Cautab. lib••. pag. 129
• e

  See his Glos∣sarie in G.
• The Bishop ac∣cused of pre∣sumption herein.
• f

  See it exem∣plified at large in Caius de An∣tiq. Cantab. lib. 1. pag. 58.
• g

  Express'd largely in the same Author, pag. 60.
• Some over∣harsh in their censures.
• h

  Brian Twyne Apolog. antiq. Acad. Ox. pag. 62.
• Moderation is best.
• i

  Catalog. Au¦gustin. De No∣minibus Po••∣tif. Roma••. Matth Westm. fol. 215. Pla∣tina fol. 89.
• The ancient Hostles in Cambridge.
• Anno Dom. 1280
• Anno Regis Edw. 1. 9
• a

  Caius Hist. Cant. Acad. lib. 1. pag. 47
• b

  Idem ibid.
• c

  See J. Scots Tables.
• d

  Sceletos Can∣tab. Joannis Parkeri Caio. Gonvel.
• e

  Caius.
• f

  Idem pag. 50.
• g

  Scots Tab.
• h

  Seel. Cant.
• i

  Caius pag. 51.
• k

  Scel. Cant.
• l

  Idem,
• m

  Scots Tab.
• n

  Psal. 88. 12.
• o

  Caius.
• p

  Scel. Cant.
• q

  Idem.
• r

  Joh. 13. 23.
• s

  Scel. Cant.
• t

  Scots Tab.
• u

  Scel. Cant.
• w

  Caius ut pri∣ùs pag. 2.
• x

  Idem pag 50
• y

  Scel. Cant.
• z

  Caius.
• a

  Scel. Cant.
• b

  Idem.
• c

  Idem.
• d

  Caius.
• Inns less than Hostles.
• Two hundred Halls said to be in Oxford.
• Magnitude supplies mul∣titude.
• Anno Dom. 1880
• Anno Regis Edw 1. 9
• Derived for some hundred of years by suc∣cession, through authentick Physitians, to Dr. Vilvain of Excester, pre∣sent owner thereof, and avouched by the skilfull in Anatonie, the true head of an Infant once born into the World.
• The benefit and use of Hostles.
• A catalogue of learned Cam∣bridge Hoste∣lers.
• Anno Regis Edw. 1. 9
• Anno Dom 1280
• e

  Fox, Acts and Mon.
• Ancient Reli∣gious House•• in Cambridge.
• Frequent con∣tests betwixt Friers and Uni∣versity men.
• A list of learn∣ed Friers, Wri∣ters.
• Anno Dom. 1282
• Anno Regis Edw. 1. 11
• The first en∣dowing of Pe∣ter house.
• a

  Betwixt Round-Church and (what is now) St. Johns Colledge.
• Zoars may grow great in time.
• b

  Godwin in his catalogue of Bishops.
• Anno Regis Edw. 1. 9
• Anno Dom. 1282
• c

  So Mr. R. Parker proves him out of the Reco. ds of Ely, though other∣wise, I consess, Bishop Godwin makes him of Oxford.
• d

  Bale Cent. nonae p. 721.
• e

  In his Scelatos Cantabrigiensis M S.
• Ma••••script in 10.
• A generall rule about our cata∣logue of Bene∣factors.
• Anno Dom. 1282
• Anno Regis Edw 1. 11
• Cautela non nocet.
• Repetition of Bishops, why necessary.
• A commenda∣ble custome of this Colledge.
• The eldest English en∣dowed Col∣ledge.
• t

  Britannia page 381.
• Exception to the contrary answered.
• Anno Regis Edw. 1.
• Anno Dom.
• p The truth un∣partially slated.
• Three places for the Petreans Devotions.
• 12
• 1283
• 15
• 1286
• 16
• 1287
• 17
• 1289
• 18
• 1290
• 19
• 1291
• 21
• 1293
• g

  Manuscrip. M. W.
• Anno Dom. 1294
• Anno Regis Edw. 1. 22
• 1295
• 23
• 1296
• 24
• 1299
• 27
• 1300
• 28
• 1303
• 31
• b

  Hare, first volume, fol. 29. and 30.
• 1306
• 34
• Edw. 2.
• 1307
• 1
• 1315
• 9
• Anno Regis Edw. 2
• Anno Dom
• 12
• 1319
• A necessary caution.
• Studium and Universitas the same in effect.
• A facile mis∣take.
• g

  Ant. Acad. Oxford Apol. lib. 1. pag. 110.
• 1321
• 13
• h

  Manuscript. M. W.
• Michael-house founded by Herveus Stan∣ton.
• 1324
• 17
• i

  See more hereof in our history, anno 1630.
• Anno Regis Edw. 1. 19
• Anno Dom. 1326
• University Hal, built by R. Badew.
• Scots Tables say, at the charges of the University.
• Rebuilt (after it was burnt) by Eliz. coun∣tess of Clare, and named Clare-Hall.
• k

  Betwixt these two Cai•••• pla∣ceth William Gull. not own∣ed by others.
• See more of him at his death anno 1617.
• Anno Dom 1326
• Anno Regis Edw. 2. 19
• In C. Pools Visitation of Camb. in the reign of Queen Mary.
• Rich. the third a [seeming] Benefactor to Clare Hall.
• l

  Sceletos Can∣tabrigiensis made by R. Parker.
• This Hall long Chappelless.
• Solere the same with Clare-Hall
• m

  Caius Hist. Cant. Acad. pag. 57.
• n

  Chaucer in the Reves tale.
• The Hall late∣ly reedified.
• Querela Cantabrigiensts pag. 14.
• 1329
• Edw. 3. 4
• Anno Regis Edw. 3 6
• Anno Dom 1331
• 7
• 1332
• K. Edward foundeth Kings Hall.
• a

  Pat. 5 E. 3. Rot. 2. men. 7.
• b

  R. Parker in Sceletos Can∣tab. MS.
• Three eminen∣cies of this Hall.
• Anno Dom.
• Anno Regis Edw. 3.
• c

  Idem Ibid.
• Tempora mu∣tantur.
• d

  Caeius Hist. Cant. Acad. lib. 1 pag. 66.
• The happiness of this Hall.
• Priviledges granted by K Edward the third to the University.
• 1334
• 9
• 1335
• 10
• 1337
• 12
• 1339
• 14
• A German Marquess made Earl of Cam∣bridge.
• 1340
• 15
• Anno Regis Edw. 3. 17
• Anno Dom. 1342
• And a Belgian Earle.
• 18
• 1343
• Mary de S P. founds Pem∣brook Hall.
• Charles Booth Bishop of Here∣ford, ought to be inserted in this Catalogue, bred in, Bene∣factor to this Hall.
• See more of him hereafter viz an. 1525.
• And Denny Abbey.
• Two remarke∣able peeces of Plate.
• Anno Dom. 1343
• Anno Regis Edw. 3. 18
• An invidious Elogie of this Hall.
• 2 Cor. 8. 14.
• Rob. Thorp Lord Chan∣cellor.
• Spelman Glos. pag. 417.
• A Greek and gratefull Scho∣lar.
• Benefactors in losing their lives.