The Excellency of the pen and pencil exemplifying the uses of them in the most exquisite and mysterious arts of drawing, etching, engraving, limning, painting in oyl, washing of maps & pictures, also the way to cleanse any old painting, and preserve the colours : collected from the writings of the ablest masters both ancient and modern, as Albert Durer, P. Lomantius, and divers others ; furnished with divers cuts in copper, being copied from the best masters ...

SECT. I. Of Actions or Gestures.

THese are those that most nearly resemble the life, be it either in laughing, grieving, sleeping, fighting, wrastling, running, leaping, and the like.

Amongst the Ancients, famous for lively motion and gesture, Leonard Vincent deserves much, whose custom was to behold clowns, condemned persons, and did mark the contracting of their browes, the motions of their eyes and whole bodies; and doubt∣less it cannot but be very expedient for an Artist in this kind to behold the variety of exercises, that discover various actions, where the motion is dis∣covered between the living and the dead, the fierce and the gentle, the ignorant and learned, the sad and the merry.

John de Bruges was the first inventer of Oyl-painting that deserved excellently in this particular.