The history of the church from our Lords incarnation, to the twelth year of the Emperour Maricius Tiberius, or the Year of Christ 594 / as it was written in Greek, by Eusebius Pamphilius ..., Socrates Scholasticus, and Evagrius Scholasticus ... ; made English from that edition of these historians, which Valesius published at Paris in the years 1659, 1668, and 1673 ; also, The life of Constantine in four books, written by Eusibius Pamphilus, with Constantine's Oration to the convention of the saints, and Eusebius's Speech in praise of Constantine, spoken at his tricennalia ; Valesius's annotations on these authors, are done into English, and set at their proper places in the margin, as likewise a translation of his account of their lives and writings ; with two index's, the one, of the principal matters that occur in the text, the other, of those contained in the notes.

CHAP. XIV. That the Monks of Nitria came down to Alex∣andria in defence of Cyrillus, and raised a Sedition against Orestes the Praefect.

SOme of the Monks who inhabited the moun∣taines of Nitria, retaining an heat of mind from Theophilus's times, who had armed them unjustly against Dioscorus and his Brethren; were incensed with a zeal then also, and took a resolution of fighting couragiously in defence of Cyrillus. About five hundred persons there∣fore of them went out of their Monasteries, came down to the City, and observe the Prae∣fect going forth in his Chariot. They came to him, and called him Sacrificer and Pagan, and gave him many other reproachfull terms. The Praefect, having a suspicion that a plot was fra∣med against him by Cyrillus, cryed out that he was a Christian, and had been baptized by Atti∣cus the Bishop at Constantinople. But when the Monks heeded not what he said, one of them, by name Ammonius, flings a stone and strikes Orestes on the head. By which wound he was all over besmeared with bloud: and his * 1.1 Appa∣ritors

that attended him, except a very few, rece∣ded, ran some one way, others another, [and hid themselves] in the Crowd, to avoid being killed by the throwing of stones. In the interim the Alexandrians flockt together, with a resolution to be revenged upon the Monks on the Praefect's account. They put all the rest of them to flight; but seized Ammonius, and bring him before the Praefect. He, agreeable to the Laws, a 1.2 put him to The Question publickly, and tortu∣red him to such a degree, that he died. Not long after, he acquainted the Emperours with what had been done. But Cyrillus gave the Em∣perour a Narrative [of the business] contra∣dictory [to Oreste's.] And he took Ammo∣nius's body, deposited if in one of the Chur∣ches, altered his name calling him Thaumasius, ordered he should be stiled a Martyr, and ex∣tolled his magnanimity publickly in the Church, as if he had undergone the combat in defence of piety. But the modester and more sober per∣sons even of the Christians, approved not of this favour of Cyrillus's shown towards Ammonius. For they certainly knew, that Ammonius had un∣dergone the punishment of his rashness, and died not under his tortures, as forced to renounce Christ. Wherefore, Cyrillus himself caused the me∣mory of this affair to be by little and little buried in silence. But that fierce contention between Cyrillus and Orestes stopt not here. For it was b 1.3 rekindled by another accident not unlike those foregoing.

Notes

• * 1.1

  Or, O••∣••icers.
• a 1.2

  That is, tortured him. In∣stead of [〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, under∣taking,] it must un∣doubtedly be [〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, put him to, or made him undergo,] as S^r Henry Savil had mended it at the Mar∣gin of his Copy. Nor did Muscu∣lus read otherwise, who has rendred this place thus: quem ille publice secundum leges torturae subjicit, whom he makes to undergo torture in publick, agreeable to the Laws. Where you see Musculus took the word 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 for an adverb, and is therein followed by Christophorson. For thus he renders it: Praefectus palàm, uti leges postulant, de eo quae∣stionem exercere, The Praefect, as the Laws required, put him to the Question openly. Notwithstanding, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 may be taken adjectively in the same sense. I have observed a little before from Amm. Mar∣cellinus, that the Roman Magistrates were wont to take Criminalls openly and in publick, and torture them; in regard they had their Apparitors always about them. Therefore, even whilest they rode in their Chariots, they put offenders to the Question, as Marcellinus relates concerning Leontius, and Socrates at this place concerning Ore∣stes. Vales.
• b 1.3

  The Verb, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, extinguished, is in no wise agreeably used here. I had much rather make it 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, rekindled. For 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 (which Verb S^r Henry Savil and the Geneva Printers have set in the margin from Christophorson's Copy,) is not to be born with, in re∣gard it signifies, was kindled, not, was renewed. I found here no al∣teration in the M. SS. Copies. Nicephorus has also followed the com∣mon reading. For, instead of 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, extinguished, he makes use of 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, was obscured, or, obliterated. Vales.