The planters manual, being instructions for the raising, planting, and cultivating all sorts of fruit-trees, whether stonefruits or pepin-fruits, with their natures and seasons very useful for such as are curious in planting and grafting / by Charles Cotton.

Instructions for the Planting and Or∣dering of Fruit-Trees.

1. FRuit-Trees are to be considered, either ac∣cording to the diffe∣rent natures of the Fruits they bear, or ac∣cording to the various Figures and Forms into which cultivated Trees are by the Art and Industry of the curious and skilful, for their better advantage and improvement, commonly ordered and disposed.

2. In the first of which Considera∣tions,

we generally and ordinarily di∣vide them into Stone-fruits, as Cher∣ries, Plumbs, and Peaches; and Pepin-fruits, as Apples and Pears.

3. In the second, Fruit-trees are raised with good success four seve∣ral ways; to wit, in tall Trees grow∣ing upright upon their own Bole or Stem, commonly called Standards; in a 1. Espalliers along by the walls, in Hay-d'appuy, or Espallier in the o∣pen Air, in Con∣trespallier, and in Shrubs or Dwarf-trees.

4. After these four ways all sorts of Fruit-trees are successfully to be rais∣ed, nevertheless there are that prosper much better in one manner than ano∣ther, as we shall observe in treating of

every one apart, without speaking in general of Stone-fruits, and Pepin-fruits, for as much as both the one and the other of these kinds are comprised in these four Figures or Postures.

Notes

• a

  An Espallier is a Hedg-row of Fruit-trees set pretty near to one another, so that their boughs and branches are interlaced and interwo∣ven into one another, and in that posture sup∣ported by a frame of Wood something like a lattic'd Pale, or with rails, stakes, and other retentions, to keep them firm in the form the Gar∣diner has laid them.

  Contrespallier, a hedg∣row planted after the same manner with the other, only differing in this, that the fruit is a∣gainst a Wall, and the latter in the open Air.